A Industrial

interactionPRESENTATION

ON“DORNIER-228 F/A”

INTRODUCTION OF HAL……..

The beginning of the HAL(Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd.) is traced to the year 1940 when a far-sighted industrialist, the Late Seth Walchand Hirachand, set up a company called Hindustan Aircraft Ltd. At Bangalore .

Initially aircrafts like CURTISS HAWK and

HARLOW TRAINER were taken up for manufacture & overhaul in collaboration with inter continental Aircraft company of U.S.A.

With the escalation of second world war the Government of India took over the management of company in 1942.

Between 1942 and 1945 a total of 1000 aircraft and 3400 engines manufacturing depot under the functional control of I.A.F(Indian Air Force) maintenance command for license manufacturer of HS-748 transport aircraft.

It was merged in June 1964 with aeronautics India Ltd., undertaking constituted for manufacturing of MIG aircrafts. In October 1964,entire aircraft industry was reconstituted as H.A.L. with Kanpur.

DORNIER STRUCTURE

The aircraft’s main structure is of aluminum alloy. Other materials are used where advantageous i.e. strength endurance etc.The fuselage is manufactured from aluminum alloy and is of monologue fiber nose cone is installed .The wing is light alloy. Trail edge structure is reinforced fiberglass with honeycomb.The Do-228 has been protected against major corrosion damage and has a radome beneath the fuselage.

“DORNIER” : INFORMATIONExternal DimensionsWing span : 16.97 mOverall length : 16.56 mOverall height : 04.86 m

CabinPax seat : 19Length : 7.02 mWidth : 1.35 mHeight : 1.55 m

Power plant Engine model : Garrett TPE 331-5-252D Take off power : 2 x 715 SHP Fuel capacity : 2350 ltrs (2250 kg) Fuel consumption : 213 kg/hr

Weight Max Landing Weight : 5590 kg Max Zero fuel Weight : 5590 kg

Performance short take-off and landing capabilities. Max cruise speed : 428 km/hr Max range speed : 333 km/hr

The DORNIER is a twin turboprop, high wing aircraft with a retractable tricycle gear, and is capable to carrying approx 20 passengers.

DORNIER has facility of reverse gear, which is not present in other planes. Also it has facility of low-level flying and take off after short runway.

Depending on the fitted equipment it can be operated in following rolls :

o Cargo transporter.o Maritime patrol.o Roop transport.o Ambulance.

DIFFERENT PARTS OF AVIONICS:-

INTERNAL COMMUNICATION

AUDIO SELECTOR AND INTERCOM UNIT:The audio selector and intercom unit serves the purpose of inter communication between the crew, radio telephone communication, monitoring call and warning signals.

The AS 3100 audio selector and intercom units are designed for selecting transceivers and receivers i.e. for performance of radio communication .

The configuration of an audio selector and intercom system depends on the type of aircraft and its equipment.

The audio selector and intercom unit is designed as mono block unit . All the control element.

EXTERNAL COMMUNICATIONHIGH FREQUENCY COMMUNICATIONPurpose of the system :

HF 230 provides general aviation users with a lightweight airborne aviation, transmit receive system for long range communication.4-piece High Frequency Communications System consisting of CTL-230 Control, TCR-230 Transceiver, PWR-230 Power Amplifier, and AAC-200/200P/220/220P Antenna Coupler

Function of the system In HF the communication takes place through

IONOSPHERE propagation, with the frequency range of 2.5 MHz to 30 MHz .

In HF SSB system, the modulating signal and the carrier signal are applied to the suppressed carrier balance modulator is the suppressed carrier LSB and USB’s .

The unwanted side band is filtered out by the filters. The output is then amplified before being fed to antenna.

The received modulated signal is fed to the product modulator . Locally generated carrier is also applied to the product demodulator. The output signal is further filtered and amplified.

VHF/UHF TRANSCEIVER

VUC 201 is an airborne V/UHF communication transceiver, which uses complete solid-state technology.

Purpose of system : The purpose of the system is to provide simplex

two way communication of AM, radio telephony. The range of the VHF communication is 200 KM at 10,000 feet.

Function of the sysytem : VHF communication depends upon mainly on line

of sight propagation.

The system provides radio frequency reception and transmission of amplitude modulated signals of any of 2240 channels in 100 to 155.975 MHz of VHF band.

Receive mode : In receive mode transmitter section and VCO are

disable. RF signal received is fed to VHF front-end amplifier. Then received RF signal is mixed with the injection signal.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION :• Power requirement : 24.2 V DC ; 115 V, 1 phase,400Hz• Frequency of operation : 2.5 MHz to 23.5 MHz at 100

Hz spacing.

• Transmission specification: VSWR- not more than 2:1.• Modulation depth : AM- 70% minimum ; SSB-full.

Transmit mode : In the transmit mode the mike output is superimposed

on DC voltage in order to active modulation. Drive amplifier amplifies the modulated signal.

The output of the driver amplifier is fed as collector voltage power amplifier is fed to the antenna through the directional coupler, transmitter relay (Tx).

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF V/UHF TRANSCEVIERS

RECIVER :

MIXERMIXER DETECTORDETECTOR AUDIO

AMPLIFIER

AUDIO

AMPLIFIER

SYNTHESIZERSYNTHESIZER

TRANSMITTER :

NAVIGATION :A.D.F(automatic direction finder) : The ADF is the medium frequency automatic direction

finder working in frequency range 190.0 KHz to 170 KHz.

ADF provides bearing information along with audio reception enabling the pilot to identify the selected station and provides the angle of the station.

The system consists of transmitter installed in the nearby station and receiver is on the aircraft. An ADF automatically indicates the direction from which the EM field radiated by suitable selected medium frequency transmitter arrives at the aerials.

G.P.S (global positioning system) : The GPS system is a satellite based global

positioning and navigational system and work on the GPS constellation.

The information pertaining to LAN,ADF frequency, tower and communication frequency is feeded in satellite transmitter.

SYESTEM SPECIFICATION : Power supply – DC source 12 V & 36 V. Operating frequency - 1575.42 +/- 10 MHz Antenna impedance – 50 Antenna overall gain – 35 dB

WEATHER RADAR (PRIMUS-500 COLO RADAR) :

The PRIMUS-500 COLO RADAR system is a light weight, X-band, multimode digital radar with alpha- numeric designed for weather detection and analysis that .

The primary purpose of the system is to detect storm along the flight path and give the pilot a visual indication in color of their intensity. After identifying the pilot can be aware.

This RADAR can be work as RADAR and as a beacon.

SUCURITY : I.F.F 1410 A (DORNIER)(IDETIFICAION OF FRIEND OR FOE)

INTRODUCTION :-

I.F.F 1410 A transponder forms part of secondary Surveillance RADAR (S.S.R)system used during strategic military operation of I.F.F. , this system also serves the air traffic controller and pilot for safer conduct of operations .The international convention I.C.A.O(International Civil Aviation Organization) had determined the function specifications of all S.S.R system ,its called M.K.X . IFF system.

GROUND EQUIPMENT :

S.S.R. Ground equipments comprises of a rotating antenna, a transmitter-receiver (called group station) and a reply signal processor known as plot extractor (P.E).

AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT : Antenna (L band blade antenna omni 4169) Transponder I.F.F (1410 A N 142580) Control unit N 147251

Power supply N 142648

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION:- Receiver operating frequency : 1030 MHz

Transmit frequency : 1090 MHz

Power output : at least 350 W

Operating temperature : - 40°c to +55°c

THANK YOU ANY QUESTIONS

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