Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk · Champagne vent in the Marianas Trench...
16
Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk Ian Phillips – Director, CO2 Infrastructure 1
Transcript of Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk · Champagne vent in the Marianas Trench...
Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk Ian Phillips – Director, CO2 Infrastructure
1
• Who are CO2DeepStore ? • What do we mean by a leak? • Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! • Focus on what is useful
Agenda
Who are CO2DeepStore?
A CCS Developer • CO2DeepStore is a UK
company – founded in 2007 and based in
Aberdeen – focussed entirely on creating,
developing and operating CO2 transportation and storage projects as Operator and / or investment partners
– acquired 100% by Petrofac in April 2010
• Petrofac – A Co-Investing Energy
Services Business – Designs / Builds / Operates
onshore and offshore facilities • Company profile (2010 Annual Report)
– Revenues US$4.4 billion – Net cash $1.1 billion – FTSE 100 – Market cap
US$7.4 billion (March 2011) – 14,000+ employees – 5 major operating centres
• 19 further offices worldwide
3
0
5
10
Capture Compression &
Dehydration Pipeline transport Offshore facilities
Reservoir and wells
Who are CO2DeepStore? What does Petrofac offer in CCS?
$ $ $ $ $
CO2DeepStore is Petrofacs CCS co-investment company
Who are CO2DeepStore? CO2DeepStore portfolio of interests
Peterhead
Yorkshire cluster (prospect)
Goldeneye
Longannet
Rotterdam cluster (prospect)
Hunterston
East Irish Sea
• During Operations – Process equipment – Pipelines – on and offshore – Offshore facilities
• Post closure – Abandoned wells – Geological fissures – Catastrophic leaks
• But remember
– EU CCS Directive and UK law require pre-injection demonstration of low leak risk
– Everything carries risk!!
What do you mean by a leak?
What do we mean by a leak? Picture of a Storage Site
What do we mean by a leak? Picture of a leaking Storage Site
Venting of CO2 at Ischia, Offshore Italy
What do we mean by a leak? Natural CO2 vents set expectations
• Existing natural CO2 vents • Volcanic source CO2 emerges from
fissures and vents
Liquid carbon dioxide from the Champagne vent in the Marianas Trench
• Primary store must be demonstrably able to contain CO2
– Cap rock integrity – Oil and gas fields ideal – Deep saline aquifers more
challenging • Secondary seals required • Manage pressure
– Stop before original pressure • Hydrostatic containment
• Conclusion – leakage from the store
to surface is VERY unlikely
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! Will a storage reservoir leak?
• CO2 migrates through porous media – Rock strata – Fault planes – Cement in abandoned wells
• Capillary forces create residual saturation
– Pore scale trapping
• Conclusion – leakage very unlikely to reach the surface
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! Even if it does leak………..
• Subsea well with Christmas Tree
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! Abandoned offshore wells
Storage reservoir
Min
imum
100
0m
Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! What can we see under the sea ?
• Geological leakage of CO2 is extremely unlikely
– If it happens its likely to be at very slow rates
• Or so big its pretty obvious!! – If it happens its likely to be a long way
in the future – Its likely to be very difficult to detect
• Much more likely is operational
leakages – Potentially larger volumes – Short term transitory effects
• Video of CO2 release from pipeline
Focus on what is useful Conclusions
• Small volume pipeline leaks – Effects of concentration and time
• Larger pipeline and process leaks
– Dispersion – speed and concentrations
– Transient effects – Long term effects
• Study natural analogues – Can we spot a geological leak by
its impact on the ecosystem – without spending a fortune
Focus on what is useful Research focus
