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Industrial automation, communication and data management · Prototyping Simulation Prototype...
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Politecnico di Milano Advanced Network Technologies Laboratory Industrial automation, communication and data management Hands on activities
Transcript of Industrial automation, communication and data management · Prototyping Simulation Prototype...
Politecnico di MilanoAdvanced Network Technologies Laboratory
Industrial automation, communication and data management
Hands on activities
□ Edoardo Longo□ DEIB Building 20 - Ground Floor – ANTLab□ IG: @antlabpolimi
□ Email: [email protected]□ Phone: 02 2399 9614
□ Giving you an overview on the software used in the IoT community
□ Stimulating your curiosity□ Providing you with basic tools to develop simple
IoT applications□ Classes time is limited -> Play with these tools
on your own!!
Classes Objectives
Politecnico di MilanoAdvanced Network Technologies Laboratory
Internet of ThingsHardware and Sensors
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’’take all the things in the world and connect them to the internet’’
Things
Hardware
MKR-1000Flash Memory: 256KB
SRAM: 32KBClock Speed: 48MHz
Wi-Fi
RASPBERRY PIFlash Memory: microSD
RAM: 1GBClock Speed: 1.2GHz
(Wi-Fi / Bluetooth) / Eth
MICAZFlash Memory: 128KB
SRAM: 4KBClock Speed: 7 MHz
ZigBee
ARDUINO UNOFlash memory: 32KB
SRAM: 2KBClock Speed: 16MHz
Ethernet
Sensors
□ Temperature□ Proximity□ Gas□ InfraRed□ Chemical□ Smoke□ Motion detector□ Air quality□ …
Communication pattern
Politecnico di MilanoAdvanced Network Technologies Laboratory
IoT Software Platforms…in the cloud
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□ IoT is about DATA sensed and transmitted from OBJECTS□ How much data?
■ IPV6 covers every atom on 100+ earths■ Recent estimates: 4.4 zettabytes (10^21B) of IoT data
produced by 2020■ That’s 1 stack of 128 GB Ipad Air reaching the moon!
□ How to manage it? Go to the cloud with an IoT platform!
Why the cloud?
□ The term “platform” can refer to:■ Hardware architectures (ARM, Arduino, etc…)■ Software frameworks to program smart things ■ Cloud-based middleware platforms to manage IoT data and
devices
IoT platforms
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□ IoT platforms world is growing fast■ 100+ platforms available online
□ They are getting more and more mature and stable■ Not only startups, also big players (Microsoft, IBM, AWS)
□ Key value proposition ■ reduce costs and time-to-market for IoT solution, reduce
management complexity□ But: a lot of confusion for users!
IoT platforms
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IoT platforms
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□ Old Giants■ IBM: Bluemix IoT Cloud, Node-RED■ Microsoft: Azure IoT Suite + Windows 10 IotCo■ Amazon: AWS IoT■ Google: Cloud IoT + Android Things■ Intel: IoT platform
□ Startups■ Thingspeak, FreeBoard, ThingWorx, Dweet.io….
Solutions
□ Device management ■ Connect devices to the cloud, configure devices, update
firmware, monitor devices…□ Data management
■ Store and retrieve data, manage events, visualize and share data
□ Data analysis / automation■ Statistical analysis, data mining, machine learning, etc…
□ Security
Desired features
Data Analytics &
BI
Device management
Security
Data management
Automation
Specialized platforms:only one feature is
implemented
AutomationDevice
management
Datamanagement
Data Analytics
& BI
Security
Generalized platforms: many features are
implemented
Two types of platforms
How to choose?
□ Specialized■ Connectivity
management■ Device configuration■ OtA firmware update
□ Generalized■ Data mining & machine
learning■ Data fusion■ Event processing■ Rules engine
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□ It depends on the particular IoT application!
Distinctive Features
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□ Device SDK:■ Firmware programming, API documentation
□ Cloud SDK:■ API■ Graphic programming tools ■ Built-in functional blocks
□ General features■ Language agnosticity (C, Java, Python)■ Communities (Arduino, mbed, launchpad)
Easy development
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Easy development
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□ Built-in and custom functionsReactive Blocks
Node-Red
Communities
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□ Speed-up learning processes
Dashboard DIY24
DGLux CumulocityAzure BI
freeboard
□ Many IoT platforms available□ Both startups and big IT players□ Different solutions / services for different
users□ In general, it’s quite a complex scenario
Summary
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Politecnico di MilanoAdvanced Network Technologies Laboratory
Developing IoT applications
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MBED OS simulator
Development Pipeline
□ Application design□ Prototyping
■ Simulation■ Prototype implementation
□ Production□ Release□ Application maintenance/updates
Development boards
□ IoT devices are mostly microcontrollers (MCU)□ MCU = compact integrated circuit on a single board
■ Processor■ Memory■ Input/output peripherals■ (Serial ports)■ (ADC/DAC)
Simulation
□ Complex and inefficient deploying applications on real HW■ Risk-free environment■ Debugging■ Save money and time■ Visualization■ Handle uncertainty■ Visualization
MBED OS simulator
□ Operating system for ARM microcontrollers□ Simulate 200+ of embedded boards□ Add plenty of sensors to the boards□ C/C++ software platform and tool for creating
microcontroller firmware that runs on IoT devices
MBED OS simulator
Available at:□ Under polimi-protected/eduroam network:
https://tinyurl.com/simulatorpoli
□ Under any other network:https://tinyurl.com/simulatormbed
MBED OS simulator
Code area
Demo list
Debug area
Board & sensors area
MBED Simulator Examples
□ Blink (turn on/off a LED)□ Temperature – Humidity sensors
Send data somewhere
□ Communication protocols■ NFC■ ZigBee■ Bluetooth■ WiFi■ Cellular■ LoRaWan■ NB-IoT■ …
Send data somewhere
□ Application layers protocols■ MQTT■ HTTP RESTful API■ CoAP■ AMQP■ DDS■ XMPP■ …
RESTful API
□ Request –> response fashion□ Based on client-server architecture□ One-to-one communication□ The client requests resources to an online server
■ GET, PUT, POST, DELETE
Query string
Examples:https://api.nasa.gov/planetary/apod?api_key=DEMO_KEYhttps://api.nasa.gov/mars-photos/api/v1/rovers/curiosity/photos?sol=1000&api_key=DEMO_KEY
ThingSpeak
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ThingSpeak
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□ An IoT cloud platform for:■ Real-time data collection and storage■ Data analytics and visualization (integrated with MATLAB)■ Alerts and Scheduling■ Device Communication, Open API
ThingSpeak
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□ Weather Station: https://thingspeak.com/channels/536159■ Arduino-based to collect, store and analyze weather data
□ Tide Level Alerts https://thingspeak.com/channels/50289■ Real-time tide predictions and water levels monitoring
■ My channel: https://bit.ly/2xQdEwx
ThingSpeak features projects
□ ThingSpeak uses channels to store data sent from devices or apps
□ Data stored in channels:■ Create / view / update / delete / import / export
□ Channel settings■ ID, name, description■ Up to 8 fields (datastreams)■ Public / private■ Location, Metadata, etc…
ThingSpeak channels
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Operating on a channel
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□ Operations can be done from the web interface or through the REST API
□ Create a channel:■ Send an HTTP POST to:
https://api.thingspeak.com/channels■ With parameters
□ api_key=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX□ name=My New Channel
API Key
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□ When performing an operation, your API key is required□ Keys can be regenerated
if the user feels that theyare compromised
Channel fields
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□ Each channel supports up to 8 fields□ Each field represents an individual sensor stream and is
associated to a chart■ e.g., temperature, humidity, number of parked cars, etc…
□ Field/Chart parameters:■ Title, x axis, y axis, appearance, etc…
Channel field update
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□ Like channels, fields can be updated via HTTP requests:
https://api.thingspeak.com/update?api_key=XXXXXXXXXX&field1=YY
https://api.thingspeak.com/update?api_key=XXXXXX&field1=YY&field2=ZZ
□ Try it from yourself, copy the GET API request in your browser address bar
From the board to the cloud
□ Let’s insert HTTP requests into our simulated board□ Create a new channel with 2 fields:
■ Temperature■ Humidity
□ Send the data to ThingSpeak every time the temperature or the humidity change
□ CURL: CLI tool for transferring data using HTTP (and many others protocols)
□ Escape “special” characters□ curl
https://api.thingspeak.com/update\?api_key\=YOUR_API_KEY\&field1\=XXXX
Update a channel via Terminal
□ Use python3!
Update a channel (python3)
Node-RED
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□ Visual tool for wiring the Internet of Things□ Can be run on a variety of platforms:
■ Edge devices: Raspberry PI, BeagleBone black■ Cloud: IBM Bluemix, Amazon AWS, Azure
□ The user creates flows by wiring together different nodes:■ I/O (serial port, tcp sockets, http, mqtt, files)■ Functions (built in or custom JS functions)■ Advanced (execute programs, post a tweet)
Node-RED
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□ Open a terminal and type node-red□ Open the browser and go to localhost:1880□ The node-red console appears
Node-RED flow
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Node-RED flow
Nodes
Flow Tabs
Flow Area
Deploy button
□ Insert an inject node and a debug node. Wire them together.
□ Modify the inject block as it followsPayload -> "Hello World!"
□ Click on Deploy and then on the inject button
The “Hello World” flow
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A working example
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□ Let’s create a flow in Node-RED that:■ Generates random data periodically■ Create a chart and a gauge with such numbers
□ We need:■ Inject node■ Random node -> to install■ Dashboard nodes -> to install■ Debug node
MQTT
□ Protocol optimized for unreliable, low-bandwidth, high-latency network
□ Smallest possible packet size is 2 bytes□ Few methods: publish/subscribe/unsubscribe□ Based on topics
□ Publish/Subscribe paradigm■ Clients don’t know each other■ One-to-Many paradigm■ Every client publishes & subscribes
MQTT
MQTT
Topics
□ Topics are arbitrary strings used to identify a resource
□ Add the MQTT publisher node and the inject
□ Server: ws://mqtt.thingspeak.com:80/mqtt□ Topic: channels/<channelID>/publish/<apikey>□ Payload: field1=XX&field2=YY&status=MQTTPUBLISH□ Username: anyone□ Password: MQTT API key (Account -> My Profile)
Send data from Node-RED to ThingSpeak
□ Add the MQTT subscriber node and the debug
□ Server: ws://mqtt.thingspeak.com:80/mqtt□ Topic: channels/<channelID>/subscribe/fields/+/<apikey>
□ <apikey> is not required if the channel is public□ Username: anyone□ Password: MQTT API key (Account -> My Profile)
Read data from Node-RED to ThingSpeak
Last exercise
□ Send data from the MBED simulated temperature-humidity sensor to ThingSpeak via HTTP requests
□ Read the data on Node-RED■ Using MQTT, Subscribe to the channel from Node-RED
□ Visualize the data on the Node-RED dashboard■ A chart for historical temperature values■ A chart for historical humidity values■ A gauge for instantaneous temperature value■ A gauge for instantaneous humidity value
