IMPROVING AND UPGRADING ELECTRIC RICKSHAWS IN INDIAN...
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IMPROVING AND UPGRADING ELECTRIC RICKSHAWS IN INDIAN CITIES A STUDY BY INSTITUTE OF URBAN TRANSPORT (INDIA)
Transcript of IMPROVING AND UPGRADING ELECTRIC RICKSHAWS IN INDIAN...
IMPROVING AND UPGRADING ELECTRICRICKSHAWS IN INDIAN CITIES
A STUDY BY INSTITUTE OF URBAN TRANSPORT (INDIA)
Objective of Study
To develop an action plan to improve and upgradeelectric rickshaw services in Indian cities
To develop an action plan to improve and upgradeelectric rickshaw services in Indian cities
E-rickshaws in Amritsar E-rickshaws in Agartala E-rickshaws in Kanpur
Need & Objective of StudyNeed & Objective of Study
Data Identification & CollectionData Identification & Collection
City Selection Site Visit Primary Data Secondary Data
Existing Condition & IssuesExisting Condition & Issues
Policy/ Rules &Regulations Infrastructure Socio-economic
condition of drivers Use of ITS Users Perception
Recommendationsfor Improvement
Recommendationsfor Improvement
Policies InfrastructureProvisions Financing options Institutional setup Use of ITS
Methodology
Selection of Cities
S.No. Name of City Population Census Classification1 Roorkee 118,200 Class I Towns
2 Agartala 400,004 Class I Towns
3 Amritsar 1,132,383 Million Plus Cities
4 Kanpur 4,572,951 Million Plus Cities
5 Delhi 16,787,941 Mega City
E-rickshaws in Delhi E-rickshaws in Agartala E-rickshawsin Kanpur
Role of Electric Rickshaws incities
Feeder Serviceto Public
Transport inMetro Cities
PublicTransport in
Small &Medium Towns
Mode oftransport forTourist places
EXISTING SITUATION ANALYSIS
Characteristics of e-rickshaw service• The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 2015LawsLaws
• RTO (Registration)• Municipality (Infrastructure)• Traffic Police (Enforcement)
Regulatory BodiesRegulatory Bodies
• Fixed by drivers (Except in case of Delhi where 236 roads arebanned by Authority)
• Travel distance less than 4 kmRouteRoute
• Flat fare for fixed routes• Rs.5, Rs.10 or Rs.20• About Rs.50 for personalised service
Fare StructureFare Structure
• Motor power: 650-1000 watts, Battery Type: 90-100 Ah• Speed: 15-20 kmph• Few Brands used in cities: Mayuri, Sarthi etc.• Delhi Govt. only recognised 33 models & 20 dealers for sale
Vehicle technologyVehicle technology
• No Charging Points• No Stands for Halts & Go• No Parking Areas
InfrastructureFacilities
InfrastructureFacilities
• Only Delhi Govt. started with the process (Fees of Rs.1,510 validfor 5 years)
• No other city has defined the structure yet. City like Amritsarcharges similar permit fees as that of auto rickshaw
Permit IssuePermit Issue
Social Characteristics of Drivers
26%
19%
5%
2%1%
47%
PRIMARY
SECONDARY
HIGHER SECONDARY
GRADUATION &ABOVELITERATE
ILLITERATE
1%2%
43%
51%
3%
<15
16-18
19-30
31-50
>50
Qualification of drivers
Age of driver
47% of drivers are illiterate47% of drivers are illiterate
94% of drivers are of age between 19-5094% of drivers are of age between 19-50
Ownership of vehicles
51 49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
OWNED RENTED
41
33
21
70
90
59
67
79
30
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ROORKEE AMRITSAR KANPUR DELHI AGARTALA
OWNED
RENTED
On an average almost equal no. of rented & owned e-rickshawOn an average almost equal no. of rented & owned e-rickshaw
%ag
e
%ag
e
Ownership Statusin 5 cities
City Wise Ownership
Average passengers per day
10
4446
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
20-50 50-80 >800
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ROORKEE AMRITSAR KANPUR DELHI AGARTALA
20-50
50-80
>80
• 90% of e-rickshaws on an average carry more than 50 passengers per day
• In Kanpur & Agartala most of e-rickshaws carry more than 80 passengers per day,
due to overloading and used as means of public transport .
• 90% of e-rickshaws on an average carry more than 50 passengers per day
• In Kanpur & Agartala most of e-rickshaws carry more than 80 passengers per day,
due to overloading and used as means of public transport .
%ag
e
Avg. no. ofpassengers per day
%ag
e
Avg. no. ofpassengers per day
Passengers per day City Wise Distribution of no. of passengers
Income of Drivers
9
46
39
6
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
200-400 400-600 600-800 >800
Descriptions Earning perday (Rs)
Rent paidper day
Total earning/month (Rs)
Income in case of owned e- rickshaws on less-profitable routes 200-400 - 6000-12,000Income in case of owned e- rickshaws on average profitable routes 400-600 - 12,000-18,000Income in case of owned e- rickshaws on profitable routes like busstands, railway stations, market areas
600-800 - 18,000-24,000
Income in case of rented e- rickshaws on average profitable routes 400-600 300 3000-9000Income in case of rented e- rickshaws on profitable routes like busstands, railway stations, market areas
600-800 300 9000-15,000
Earnings per month
Revenue per day• Average revenue earned by
owned electric rickshaw drivers
is Rs15,000 per month.
• Average revenue earned by
rented drivers is Rs 9000 per
month.
• Average revenue earned by
owned electric rickshaw drivers
is Rs15,000 per month.
• Average revenue earned by
rented drivers is Rs 9000 per
month.
%ag
e
Income of Drivers
Descriptions AverageEarnings
per month
Averagemaintenance
cost per month
Average otherexpenses per
month*
TotalSavings
per monthIncome in case of owned e- rickshaws on less-profitable routes
9,000 3,000 300 5,700
Income in case of owned e- rickshaws on averageprofitable routes
15,000 3,000 300 11,700
Income in case of owned e- rickshaws on profitableroutes like bus stands, railway stations, market areas
21,000 3,000 300 17,700
Income in case of rented e- rickshaws on averageprofitable routes
6,000 500 300 5,200
Income in case of rented e- rickshaws on profitableroutes like bus stands, railway stations, market areas
12,000 500 300 11,200
Savings per month
*except Agartala where no penalties and bribery exists
• High maintenance cost of Rs 3000 per month for owners compared to rented vehicles.• An average of Rs 300 is spend by all drivers Rs.300 per month including expenses for
charging , bribes to Traffic police and parking in few areas.• The income earned by the drivers is in all cases more than the minimum wage level,
2015 (Rs.4800 per month) specified by the Government of India.
• High maintenance cost of Rs 3000 per month for owners compared to rented vehicles.• An average of Rs 300 is spend by all drivers Rs.300 per month including expenses for
charging , bribes to Traffic police and parking in few areas.• The income earned by the drivers is in all cases more than the minimum wage level,
2015 (Rs.4800 per month) specified by the Government of India.
Suggestions and recommendations bythe drivers
6367
50
13
71
21
92
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
INFRASTRUCTURE(PARKING,CHARGING
POINT)
LOANS/SUBSIDIES
INSURANCE/PENSIONS
TRAININGPROGRAMMES
LICENSEPROVISION
REGISTRATION OFOLD RICKSHAWS
BRIBERY
%ag
e
92% of drivers wanted bribery to traffic police to be stopped71% drivers demanded license, registration for running the vehicles.
67% of drivers wanted loan facilities from nationalised banks at cheap interest rates
92% of drivers wanted bribery to traffic police to be stopped71% drivers demanded license, registration for running the vehicles.
67% of drivers wanted loan facilities from nationalised banks at cheap interest rates
User’s Characteristics3%
30%
31%
29%
7%<15
16-25
26-39
40-60
>60
Age group of Users
44%
21%
29%
6%WORK
EDUCATION
SOCIAL/RECREATIONALOTHERS
Trip Purpose
All age group of people travel by e-rickshaws.
All age group of people travel by e-rickshaws.
41% of the people use e-rickshawsfor work trips.
41% of the people use e-rickshawsfor work trips.
User’s Characteristics
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Kanpur agartala Delhi Roorkee Amritsar
<200
200-500
>500
Expenditure/month spends on e-rickshaw services
%ag
e
86% of users spend less than Rs.500 per month on travelling by e-rickshawsAverage monthly expenditure is Rs.200
86% of users spend less than Rs.500 per month on travelling by e-rickshawsAverage monthly expenditure is Rs.200
Mostly aredaily usersMostly aredaily users
Mostly areoccasional users
(tourists)
Mostly areoccasional users
(tourists)
Reason for using e-rickshaw
• Users mostly prefer due to easy availability and accessibility.
• Experience of high level of comfort.
• Low Fare and Time Saving are some of the other factors.
• Users mostly prefer due to easy availability and accessibility.
• Experience of high level of comfort.
• Low Fare and Time Saving are some of the other factors.
76
61
42
32
6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
ACCESSIBILITY COMFORTABLE LOW FARE TIME SAVING(HIGH SPEED)
TRAVEL IN GROUP
Recommendations by the Users
30
13
19
1216
9
27 26
8
17
34
4
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
%ag
e
Most of users felt e-rickshaw provide good service and should be operational in the city.30% of users wanted e-rickshaws to be more safe
Overloading & driver’s training are some of the other preferences.
Most of users felt e-rickshaw provide good service and should be operational in the city.30% of users wanted e-rickshaws to be more safe
Overloading & driver’s training are some of the other preferences.
OBSERVATION & ISSUES
Observations
Merits DemeritsSource of employment The sector is unorganized as there is no
institutional setup.Can complement the formal publictransport services and provides firstand last mile connectivity.
Lack of infrastructure facilities
Affordable service for users Lack of financial support for the drivers,which results in lower revenue and lackof economic stability of the driver.
Safer and comfortable option forpeople of all age and gender.
Low level of education of the drivers.
Non polluting The vehicle lacks stability as the vehicletends to topple being light in weight.
Merits and Demerits of e-rickshaw services
IssuesAbsence of Policy/regulatory frameworkfor e-rickshaws
No economicstability for drivers
No infrastructurefacilities
No social benefits forthe drivers
No usage of moderntechnology (ITS)
Outdated VehicleTechnology
Lack of financialsupport
Lack of ownership/institutions for e-rickshaws vehicles
Parking on road sides: Roorkee Poor condition of e-rickshaws in Kanpur
Lack of chargingpoints: Delhi
RecommendationsPolicy/Regulatory
MeasuresPolicy/Regulatory
Measures
Review ofNUTP &
Central & StateActs & Rules
Issue ofPermits
Route-wisepermit fee
Routerationalization
Fare Fixation
Setting ofinstitution
EconomicStability to
drivers
EconomicStability to
drivers
SPV- Net CostModel
Financing
Ownership
ModernTechnology- ITS
ModernTechnology- ITS
GPS
Control Room
E-challans
Panic Button
Smart Cards
Social Benefits toDrivers
Social Benefits toDrivers
Pradhan MantriSuraksha Bima
Yojana
Pradhan MantriJan DhanYojana
Free medicalcheck-up
Atal PensionYojana
Sarva SikshaAbhiyan
Setting up of e-rickshawunions
InfrastructureFacilities
InfrastructureFacilities
StandsFacilities
“Halt and Go”Stands
Parking Areasfor night
Availability ofcharging points
250 m fromjunctions
Functions of SPV
Obtain Route PermitsSpecify the Schedules,
PerformanceStandards etc.
Monitor thePerformance
Maintain of Data &Infrastructure
Fixing and Revising offares
Selection andImplementation of
Technologies
Marketing the System Training andEducation to drivers
THANK YOU
