Improved Performance Thermal Barrier Coatings Using The ......Thermal Conductivity Thermal Barrier...
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Improved Performance Thermal Barrier Coatings Using The Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process Maurice Gell*, Eric Jordan*, Jeffrey Roth, Rishi Kumar University of Connecticut + + - UTSR SBI STTR Phase IIA Presentation November 4, 2015 Jiwen Wang, Chen Jiang Balky Nair* HiFunda LLC
Transcript of Improved Performance Thermal Barrier Coatings Using The ......Thermal Conductivity Thermal Barrier...
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Improved Performance Thermal Barrier Coatings Using The Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process
Maurice Gell*, Eric Jordan*, Jeffrey Roth, Rishi KumarUniversity of Connecticut
+
+-
UTSR SBI
STTR Phase IIA PresentationNovember 4, 2015
Jiwen Wang, Chen Jiang Balky Nair*
HiFunda LLC
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BACKGROUND
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TBC Applications
Combustor Case
Blades and Vanes
TBC Applications
Combustor Case
Blades and Vanes
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TGO
100 µm
Tem
pera
ture
→
Hot GasSuperalloy BondCoatEB-PVD
7YSZ
Gas Film
Topcoat requirements:
• Low thermal conductivity,
• High use temperature,
• High durability:
Microstructure & Requirements
Toughness Strain tolerance
TGO
100 m
Temperature ®
Hot Gas
Superalloy
Bond
Coat
EB-PVD
7YSZ
Gas Film
Topcoat requirements:
Low thermal conductivity,
High use temperature,
High durability:
Microstructure & Requirements
Toughness
Strain tolerance
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Liquid reservoir
Plasma gun Droplets CoatingSubstrate
Temperaturecontrol unit
Solution Precursor Plasma Spray (SPPS) Process
A B
Liquid injector
Solution Precursors
• A, B or A+B
• Multiple composition
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Solution Precursor Plasma Spray:Unique Microstructural Features
100 μm
1 μm
Through-thickness vertical cracks
Varied nano/micro-scale porosity:0~40%
Splat diameter < 2 μmSplat thickness < 1 μmSplat area is 1/2500 of that in APS TBCs
Layered porosity: inter-pass boundaries.
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SPPS
500 µm
Thick SPPS Thermal Barrier Coatings
Substrate
4mm
Surface
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0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Thermal Cycle:1121°C/1 hour
0
100
200
300
400
500
0 1 2 3
Substrate A Substrate B
Coating Thickness (mm)
Spal
latio
n Li
fe,
Cyc
les
Nor
mal
ized
C
rack
Spa
cing
Coating Thickness (mm)
Effect of SPPS TBC Thickness On Durability
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In-Plane Fracture Toughness
In P
lane
Fra
ctur
e To
ughn
ess (
MPa
•m1/
2 )
400 µm 100 µm
APSTBC
SPPSTBC
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SPPS YSZ With IPBS: Thermal Conductivity
• 50% Reduction Demonstrated
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Engineered SPPS YSZ TBC Architecture
10 µm
Vertical cracks for strain tolerance/thermal cycle durability
Planar pores (IPBs) for low thermal conductivity
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SPPS can Make Thin Dense Layers 10 Micron
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YAG A CHALLNAGE AND OPPROTUNITY
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Properties Of YSZ and YAGMaterial Property YSZ YAG
Melting Point (oC) 2680 1950
Maximum Operating Temperature (oC) 1200-1300 1800
Thermal Conductivity at 1350 oC (W/mol-K) 2.0-3.0 (measured) 2.5 (extrapolated)
Thermal ExpansionCoefficient (ppm/K)
Density (g/cc) 6.10 4.55
Vickers Hardness 1200 1700
Fracture Toughness Highest Less
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3 SPPS TBCs DevelopedSPPS TBC Benefits
YSZ High Durability
YSZ with IPBs Lower KHigh Durability
YAG Higher Temp.Similar KHigh DurabilityLower Density
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SPPS YAG TBCs: Project Objectives
• Develop a Higher Temperature (+200oC), Lower Thermal Conductivity Thermal Barrier Coating Using Yttrium Alumina Garnet (YAG) and the Solution Precursor Plasma Spray Process (SPPS)
• Phase IIa Objective Improve Performance/Cost
• Lower Thermal Conductivity • Increse deposition rate $ and efficiency• Radically improve CMAS resistance
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Anticipated Benefits
• A New TBC That Can Tolerate Surface Temperatures of 1500oC Can Be Game-Changing For the Gas Turbine Industry Due to Higher Turbine Efficiencies and Lower Fuel Consumption
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Yttria-Alumina Phase Diagram
M. Shojaie-Bahaabad et al, Ceramics Intl.,Vol 35, 2009
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Thermal Spray Optimization Many Variables
• Stand off Distance• Precursor Composition• Atomizing Gas Pressure• Scan Speed and Step Height• Injection Method, Stream vs. Atomizing• Feed Rate• Gun Power• Gas Mix• Gun Type
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SD = 1.375” 1.425” 1.5” 1.625”
6/27/2013 spray trials, 10 psi atomizing pressure
382
290226
161
0
100
200
300
400
500
06272013AA 06272013AB 06272013AC 06272013AD
Microh
ardnes
s (HV)
Increased Spray Distance at Lower Atomizing Pressure
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Performance
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SPPS YAG TBCs: Standard Microstructure--Used for Engine-Critical Properties Tests--
SPPS YAG
APS YSZ
Bond Coat
Superalloy
• Vickers Hardness: 200-400• Porosity: 15-20%
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• 800 microns (33 mils) thick strain-tolerant microstructure• Can be used for vanes, combustors and turbine outer air seals
Thick SPPS YAG TBCs Can Be Readily Fabricated
Proprietary & Confidential
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0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
M: YAMP: YAP
MP
As-Sprayed SPPS YAG
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
2θ (°)
Intensi
ty
As-Sprayed SPPS YAG with Excess Al3+ in precursor
• Predominantly YAG Phase with Minor Amounts of YAM and YAP
• Pure YAG phase
Stoichiometric YAG Deposited By SPPS Process
Inte
nsity
Chart1
20.0016
20.0218
20.0421
20.0623
20.0825
20.1028
20.123
20.1432
20.1635
20.1837
20.2039
20.2241
20.2444
20.2646
20.2848
20.3051
20.3253
20.3455
20.3658
20.386
20.4062
20.4264
20.4467
20.4669
20.4871
20.5074
20.5276
20.5478
20.5681
20.5883
20.6085
20.6287
20.649
20.6692
20.6894
20.7097
20.7299
20.7501
20.7704
20.7906
20.8108
20.8311
20.8513
20.8715
20.8917
20.912
20.9322
20.9524
20.9727
20.9929
21.0131
21.0334
21.0536
21.0738
21.094
21.1143
21.1345
21.1547
21.175
21.1952
21.2154
21.2357
21.2559
21.2761
21.2963
21.3166
21.3368
21.357
21.3773
21.3975
21.4177
21.438
21.4582
21.4784
21.4986
21.5189
21.5391
21.5593
21.5796
21.5998
21.62
21.6403
21.6605
21.6807
21.701
21.7212
21.7414
21.7616
21.7819
21.8021
21.8223
21.8426
21.8628
21.883
21.9033
21.9235
21.9437
21.9639
21.9842
22.0044
22.0246
22.0449
22.0651
22.0853
22.1056
22.1258
22.146
22.1662
22.1865
22.2067
22.2269
22.2472
22.2674
22.2876
22.3079
22.3281
22.3483
22.3685
22.3888
22.409
22.4292
22.4495
22.4697
22.4899
22.5102
22.5304
22.5506
22.5708
22.5911
22.6113
22.6315
22.6518
22.672
22.6922
22.7125
22.7327
22.7529
22.7732
22.7934
22.8136
22.8338
22.8541
22.8743
22.8945
22.9148
22.935
22.9552
22.9755
22.9957
23.0159
23.0361
23.0564
23.0766
23.0968
23.1171
23.1373
23.1575
23.1778
23.198
23.2182
23.2384
23.2587
23.2789
23.2991
23.3194
23.3396
23.3598
23.3801
23.4003
23.4205
23.4407
23.461
23.4812
23.5014
23.5217
23.5419
23.5621
23.5824
23.6026
23.6228
23.6431
23.6633
23.6835
23.7037
23.724
23.7442
23.7644
23.7847
23.8049
23.8251
23.8454
23.8656
23.8858
23.906
23.9263
23.9465
23.9667
23.987
24.0072
24.0274
24.0477
24.0679
24.0881
24.1083
24.1286
24.1488
24.169
24.1893
24.2095
24.2297
24.25
24.2702
24.2904
24.3106
24.3309
24.3511
24.3713
24.3916
24.4118
24.432
24.4523
24.4725
24.4927
24.513
24.5332
24.5534
24.5736
24.5939
24.6141
24.6343
24.6546
24.6748
24.695
24.7153
24.7355
24.7557
24.7759
24.7962
24.8164
24.8366
24.8569
24.8771
24.8973
24.9176
24.9378
24.958
24.9782
24.9985
25.0187
25.0389
25.0592
25.0794
25.0996
25.1199
25.1401
25.1603
25.1805
25.2008
25.221
25.2412
25.2615
25.2817
25.3019
25.3222
25.3424
25.3626
25.3829
25.4031
25.4233
25.4435
25.4638
25.484
25.5042
25.5245
25.5447
25.5649
25.5852
25.6054
25.6256
25.6458
25.6661
25.6863
25.7065
25.7268
25.747
25.7672
25.7875
25.8077
25.8279
25.8481
25.8684
25.8886
25.9088
25.9291
25.9493
25.9695
25.9898
26.01
26.0302
26.0504
26.0707
26.0909
26.1111
26.1314
26.1516
26.1718
26.1921
26.2123
26.2325
26.2527
26.273
26.2932
26.3134
26.3337
26.3539
26.3741
26.3944
26.4146
26.4348
26.4551
26.4753
26.4955
26.5157
26.536
26.5562
26.5764
26.5967
26.6169
26.6371
26.6574
26.6776
26.6978
26.718
26.7383
26.7585
26.7787
26.799
26.8192
26.8394
26.8597
26.8799
26.9001
26.9203
26.9406
26.9608
26.981
27.0013
27.0215
27.0417
27.062
27.0822
27.1024
27.1226
27.1429
27.1631
27.1833
27.2036
27.2238
27.244
27.2643
27.2845
27.3047
27.325
27.3452
27.3654
27.3856
27.4059
27.4261
27.4463
27.4666
27.4868
27.507
27.5273
27.5475
27.5677
27.5879
27.6082
27.6284
27.6486
27.6689
27.6891
27.7093
27.7296
27.7498
27.77
27.7902
27.8105
27.8307
27.8509
27.8712
27.8914
27.9116
27.9319
27.9521
27.9723
27.9925
28.0128
28.033
28.0532
28.0735
28.0937
28.1139
28.1342
28.1544
28.1746
28.1949
28.2151
28.2353
28.2555
28.2758
28.296
28.3162
28.3365
28.3567
28.3769
28.3972
28.4174
28.4376
28.4578
28.4781
28.4983
28.5185
28.5388
28.559
28.5792
28.5995
28.6197
28.6399
28.6601
28.6804
28.7006
28.7208
28.7411
28.7613
28.7815
28.8018
28.822
28.8422
28.8624
28.8827
28.9029
28.9231
28.9434
28.9636
28.9838
29.0041
29.0243
29.0445
29.0648
29.085
29.1052
29.1254
29.1457
29.1659
29.1861
29.2064
29.2266
29.2468
29.2671
29.2873
29.3075
29.3277
29.348
29.3682
29.3884
29.4087
29.4289
29.4491
29.4694
29.4896
29.5098
29.53
29.5503
29.5705
29.5907
29.611
29.6312
29.6514
29.6717
29.6919
29.7121
29.7323
29.7526
29.7728
29.793
29.8133
29.8335
29.8537
29.874
29.8942
29.9144
29.9347
29.9549
29.9751
29.9953
30.0156
30.0358
30.056
30.0763
30.0965
30.1167
30.137
30.1572
30.1774
30.1976
30.2179
30.2381
30.2583
30.2786
30.2988
30.319
30.3393
30.3595
30.3797
30.3999
30.4202
30.4404
30.4606
30.4809
30.5011
30.5213
30.5416
30.5618
30.582
30.6022
30.6225
30.6427
30.6629
30.6832
30.7034
30.7236
30.7439
30.7641
30.7843
30.8045
30.8248
30.845
30.8652
30.8855
30.9057
30.9259
30.9462
30.9664
30.9866
31.0069
31.0271
31.0473
31.0675
31.0878
31.108
31.1282
31.1485
31.1687
31.1889
31.2092
31.2294
31.2496
31.2698
31.2901
31.3103
31.3305
31.3508
31.371
31.3912
31.4115
31.4317
31.4519
31.4721
31.4924
31.5126
31.5328
31.5531
31.5733
31.5935
31.6138
31.634
31.6542
31.6744
31.6947
31.7149
31.7351
31.7554
31.7756
31.7958
31.8161
31.8363
31.8565
31.8768
31.897
31.9172
31.9374
31.9577
31.9779
31.9981
32.0184
32.0386
32.0588
32.0791
32.0993
32.1195
32.1397
32.16
32.1802
32.2004
32.2207
32.2409
32.2611
32.2814
32.3016
32.3218
32.342
32.3623
32.3825
32.4027
32.423
32.4432
32.4634
32.4837
32.5039
32.5241
32.5443
32.5646
32.5848
32.605
32.6253
32.6455
32.6657
32.686
32.7062
32.7264
32.7467
32.7669
32.7871
32.8073
32.8276
32.8478
32.868
32.8883
32.9085
32.9287
32.949
32.9692
32.9894
33.0096
33.0299
33.0501
33.0703
33.0906
33.1108
33.131
33.1513
33.1715
33.1917
33.2119
33.2322
33.2524
33.2726
33.2929
33.3131
33.3333
33.3536
33.3738
33.394
33.4142
33.4345
33.4547
33.4749
33.4952
33.5154
33.5356
33.5559
33.5761
33.5963
33.6166
33.6368
33.657
33.6772
33.6975
33.7177
33.7379
33.7582
33.7784
33.7986
33.8189
33.8391
33.8593
33.8795
33.8998
33.92
33.9402
33.9605
33.9807
34.0009
34.0212
34.0414
34.0616
34.0818
34.1021
34.1223
34.1425
34.1628
34.183
34.2032
34.2235
34.2437
34.2639
34.2841
34.3044
34.3246
34.3448
34.3651
34.3853
34.4055
34.4258
34.446
34.4662
34.4864
34.5067
34.5269
34.5471
34.5674
34.5876
34.6078
34.6281
34.6483
34.6685
34.6888
34.709
34.7292
34.7494
34.7697
34.7899
34.8101
34.8304
34.8506
34.8708
34.8911
34.9113
34.9315
34.9517
34.972
34.9922
35.0124
35.0327
35.0529
35.0731
35.0934
35.1136
35.1338
35.154
35.1743
35.1945
35.2147
35.235
35.2552
35.2754
35.2957
35.3159
35.3361
35.3563
35.3766
35.3968
35.417
35.4373
35.4575
35.4777
35.498
35.5182
35.5384
35.5587
35.5789
35.5991
35.6193
35.6396
35.6598
35.68
35.7003
35.7205
35.7407
35.761
35.7812
35.8014
35.8216
35.8419
35.8621
35.8823
35.9026
35.9228
35.943
35.9633
35.9835
36.0037
36.0239
36.0442
36.0644
36.0846
36.1049
36.1251
36.1453
36.1656
36.1858
36.206
36.2262
36.2465
36.2667
36.2869
36.3072
36.3274
36.3476
36.3679
36.3881
36.4083
36.4286
36.4488
36.469
36.4892
36.5095
36.5297
36.5499
36.5702
36.5904
36.6106
36.6309
36.6511
36.6713
36.6915
36.7118
36.732
36.7522
36.7725
36.7927
36.8129
36.8332
36.8534
36.8736
36.8938
36.9141
36.9343
36.9545
36.9748
36.995
37.0152
37.0355
37.0557
37.0759
37.0961
37.1164
37.1366
37.1568
37.1771
37.1973
37.2175
37.2378
37.258
37.2782
37.2985
37.3187
37.3389
37.3591
37.3794
37.3996
37.4198
37.4401
37.4603
37.4805
37.5008
37.521
37.5412
37.5614
37.5817
37.6019
37.6221
37.6424
37.6626
37.6828
37.7031
37.7233
37.7435
37.7637
37.784
37.8042
37.8244
37.8447
37.8649
37.8851
37.9054
37.9256
37.9458
37.966
37.9863
38.0065
38.0267
38.047
38.0672
38.0874
38.1077
38.1279
38.1481
38.1684
38.1886
38.2088
38.229
38.2493
38.2695
38.2897
38.31
38.3302
38.3504
38.3707
38.3909
38.4111
38.4313
38.4516
38.4718
38.492
38.5123
38.5325
38.5527
38.573
38.5932
38.6134
38.6336
38.6539
38.6741
38.6943
38.7146
38.7348
38.755
38.7753
38.7955
38.8157
38.8359
38.8562
38.8764
38.8966
38.9169
38.9371
38.9573
38.9776
38.9978
39.018
39.0382
39.0585
39.0787
39.0989
39.1192
39.1394
39.1596
39.1799
39.2001
39.2203
39.2406
39.2608
39.281
39.3012
39.3215
39.3417
39.3619
39.3822
39.4024
39.4226
39.4429
39.4631
39.4833
39.5035
39.5238
39.544
39.5642
39.5845
39.6047
39.6249
39.6452
39.6654
39.6856
39.7058
39.7261
39.7463
39.7665
39.7868
39.807
39.8272
39.8475
39.8677
39.8879
39.9081
39.9284
39.9486
39.9688
39.9891
40.0093
40.0295
40.0498
40.07
40.0902
40.1105
40.1307
40.1509
40.1711
40.1914
40.2116
40.2318
40.2521
40.2723
40.2925
40.3128
40.333
40.3532
40.3734
40.3937
40.4139
40.4341
40.4544
40.4746
40.4948
40.5151
40.5353
40.5555
40.5757
40.596
40.6162
40.6364
40.6567
40.6769
40.6971
40.7174
40.7376
40.7578
40.778
40.7983
40.8185
40.8387
40.859
40.8792
40.8994
40.9197
40.9399
40.9601
40.9804
41.0006
41.0208
41.041
41.0613
41.0815
41.1017
41.122
41.1422
41.1624
41.1827
41.2029
41.2231
41.2433
41.2636
41.2838
41.304
41.3243
41.3445
41.3647
41.385
41.4052
41.4254
41.4456
41.4659
41.4861
41.5063
41.5266
41.5468
41.567
41.5873
41.6075
41.6277
41.6479
41.6682
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69.7275
69.7477
69.768
69.7882
69.8084
69.8286
69.8489
69.8691
69.8893
69.9096
69.9298
69.95
69.9703
69.9905
70.0107
70.0309
70.0512
70.0714
70.0916
70.1119
70.1321
70.1523
70.1726
70.1928
70.213
70.2333
70.2535
70.2737
70.2939
70.3142
70.3344
70.3546
70.3749
70.3951
70.4153
70.4356
70.4558
70.476
70.4962
70.5165
70.5367
70.5569
70.5772
70.5974
70.6176
70.6379
70.6581
70.6783
70.6985
70.7188
70.739
70.7592
70.7795
70.7997
70.8199
70.8402
70.8604
70.8806
70.9008
70.9211
70.9413
70.9615
70.9818
71.002
71.0222
71.0425
71.0627
71.0829
71.1032
71.1234
71.1436
71.1638
71.1841
71.2043
71.2245
71.2448
71.265
71.2852
71.3055
71.3257
71.3459
71.3661
71.3864
71.4066
71.4268
71.4471
71.4673
71.4875
71.5078
71.528
71.5482
71.5684
71.5887
71.6089
71.6291
71.6494
71.6696
71.6898
71.7101
71.7303
71.7505
71.7707
71.791
71.8112
71.8314
71.8517
71.8719
71.8921
71.9124
71.9326
71.9528
71.973
71.9933
72.0135
72.0337
72.054
72.0742
72.0944
72.1147
72.1349
72.1551
72.1754
72.1956
72.2158
72.236
72.2563
72.2765
72.2967
72.317
72.3372
72.3574
72.3777
72.3979
72.4181
72.4383
72.4586
72.4788
72.499
72.5193
72.5395
72.5597
72.58
72.6002
72.6204
72.6406
72.6609
72.6811
72.7013
72.7216
72.7418
72.762
72.7823
72.8025
72.8227
72.8429
72.8632
72.8834
72.9036
72.9239
72.9441
72.9643
72.9846
73.0048
73.025
73.0453
73.0655
73.0857
73.1059
73.1262
73.1464
73.1666
73.1869
73.2071
73.2273
73.2476
73.2678
73.288
73.3082
73.3285
73.3487
73.3689
73.3892
73.4094
73.4296
73.4499
73.4701
73.4903
73.5105
73.5308
73.551
73.5712
73.5915
73.6117
73.6319
73.6522
73.6724
73.6926
73.7128
73.7331
73.7533
73.7735
73.7938
73.814
73.8342
73.8545
73.8747
73.8949
73.9152
73.9354
73.9556
73.9758
73.9961
74.0163
74.0365
74.0568
74.077
74.0972
74.1175
74.1377
74.1579
74.1781
74.1984
74.2186
74.2388
74.2591
74.2793
74.2995
74.3198
74.34
74.3602
74.3804
74.4007
74.4209
74.4411
74.4614
74.4816
74.5018
74.5221
74.5423
74.5625
74.5827
74.603
74.6232
74.6434
74.6637
74.6839
74.7041
74.7244
74.7446
74.7648
74.7851
74.8053
74.8255
74.8457
74.866
74.8862
74.9064
74.9267
74.9469
74.9671
74.9874
75.0076
75.0278
75.048
75.0683
75.0885
75.1087
75.129
75.1492
75.1694
75.1897
75.2099
75.2301
75.2503
75.2706
75.2908
75.311
75.3313
75.3515
75.3717
75.392
75.4122
75.4324
75.4526
75.4729
75.4931
75.5133
75.5336
75.5538
75.574
75.5943
75.6145
75.6347
75.655
75.6752
75.6954
75.7156
75.7359
75.7561
75.7763
75.7966
75.8168
75.837
75.8573
75.8775
75.8977
75.9179
75.9382
75.9584
75.9786
75.9989
76.0191
76.0393
76.0596
76.0798
76.1
76.1202
76.1405
76.1607
76.1809
76.2012
76.2214
76.2416
76.2619
76.2821
76.3023
76.3225
76.3428
76.363
76.3832
76.4035
76.4237
76.4439
76.4642
76.4844
76.5046
76.5248
76.5451
76.5653
76.5855
76.6058
76.626
76.6462
76.6665
76.6867
76.7069
76.7272
76.7474
76.7676
76.7878
76.8081
76.8283
76.8485
76.8688
76.889
76.9092
76.9295
76.9497
76.9699
76.9901
77.0104
77.0306
77.0508
77.0711
77.0913
77.1115
77.1318
77.152
77.1722
77.1924
77.2127
77.2329
77.2531
77.2734
77.2936
77.3138
77.3341
77.3543
77.3745
77.3947
77.415
77.4352
77.4554
77.4757
77.4959
77.5161
77.5364
77.5566
77.5768
77.5971
77.6173
77.6375
77.6577
77.678
77.6982
77.7184
77.7387
77.7589
77.7791
77.7994
77.8196
77.8398
77.86
77.8803
77.9005
77.9207
77.941
77.9612
77.9814
78.0017
78.0219
78.0421
78.0623
78.0826
78.1028
78.123
78.1433
78.1635
78.1837
78.204
78.2242
78.2444
78.2646
78.2849
78.3051
78.3253
78.3456
78.3658
78.386
78.4063
78.4265
78.4467
78.467
78.4872
78.5074
78.5276
78.5479
78.5681
78.5883
78.6086
78.6288
78.649
78.6693
78.6895
78.7097
78.7299
78.7502
78.7704
78.7906
78.8109
78.8311
78.8513
78.8716
78.8918
78.912
78.9322
78.9525
78.9727
78.9929
79.0132
79.0334
79.0536
79.0739
79.0941
79.1143
79.1345
79.1548
79.175
79.1952
79.2155
79.2357
79.2559
79.2762
79.2964
79.3166
79.3369
79.3571
79.3773
79.3975
79.4178
79.438
79.4582
79.4785
79.4987
79.5189
79.5392
79.5594
79.5796
79.5998
79.6201
79.6403
79.6605
79.6808
79.701
79.7212
79.7415
79.7617
79.7819
79.8021
79.8224
79.8426
79.8628
79.8831
79.9033
79.9235
79.9438
79.964
79.9842
80.0044
2θ (°)
Intensity
1501
1468
1480
1468
1507
1500
1503
1518
1480
1534
1557
1593
1561
1531
1454
1524
1457
1577
1604
1533
1511
1593
1514
1517
1635
1587
1540
1595
1569
1504
1547
1550
1596
1566
1687
1570
1617
1658
1696
1735
1710
1830
2022
2200
2715
3476
4594
5927
7462
7576
7099
6052
4846
3637
2718
2167
1972
1849
1696
1673
1572
1575
1601
1507
1601
1655
1518
1481
1600
1484
1507
1488
1497
1466
1510
1476
1452
1449
1541
1496
1496
1496
1435
1409
1403
1424
1472
1466
1510
1464
1431
1428
1459
1375
1478
1448
1482
1463
1495
1460
1437
1467
1427
1464
1428
1492
1380
1400
1437
1453
1465
1444
1433
1416
1433
1401
1430
1472
1511
1427
1452
1445
1488
1465
1464
1466
1464
1448
1421
1391
1495
1427
1462
1424
1373
1518
1460
1423
1468
1418
1448
1410
1466
1468
1382
1379
1356
1382
1374
1427
1456
1421
1439
1385
1417
1368
1302
1381
1362
1373
1369
1332
1430
1377
1413
1421
1361
1428
1439
1415
1451
1415
1306
1406
1381
1411
1438
1422
1335
1315
1407
1413
1399
1389
1399
1385
1364
1364
1422
1363
1437
1291
1404
1410
1358
1342
1359
1390
1356
1363
1362
1371
1415
1376
1335
1395
1361
1399
1315
1396
1327
1387
1358
1422
1319
1400
1413
1388
1430
1409
1446
1350
1365
1440
1339
1370
1425
1374
1416
1458
1420
1373
1393
1454
1383
1307
1359
1329
1377
1399
1356
1456
1421
1381
1434
1404
1398
1402
1458
1454
1381
1513
1567
1629
1585
1493
1481
1499
1406
1415
1402
1340
1415
1407
1418
1417
1443
1410
1408
1396
1387
1402
1338
1405
1414
1429
1451
1383
1415
1396
1431
1433
1499
1389
1423
1426
1407
1378
1417
1421
1382
1396
1405
1379
1417
1414
1447
1415
1410
1457
1376
1353
1312
1286
1380
1453
1383
1412
1355
1417
1389
1485
1497
1469
1539
1456
1331
1388
1334
1435
1329
1428
1380
1407
1397
1390
1523
1508
1396
1407
1450
1438
1545
1621
1520
1615
1617
1637
1775
1861
1957
1922
1894
1763
1669
1619
1575
1535
1595
1572
1532
1493
1454
1473
1577
1545
1555
1514
1542
1601
1622
1620
1603
1613
1664
1632
1685
1734
1678
1793
1728
1794
1803
1837
1842
1894
1992
2091
2123
2262
2417
2741
3145
4112
5750
8521
12649
17077
18775
16522
14277
12843
10186
6926
4709
3358
2736
2287
2184
1982
1981
2106
1999
1945
2013
2023
1957
1996
1968
1893
1836
1793
1710
1650
1593
1629
1571
1606
1557
1569
1513
1491
1501
1566
1461
1499
1453
1552
1522
1573
1590
1527
1529
1590
1610
1645
1630
1612
1655
1570
1606
1661
1671
1672
1686
1683
1720
1731
1665
1695
1662
1653
1744
1818
1687
1783
1833
1798
1823
1868
1955
1916
2000
2000
2228
2063
2283
2293
2293
2392
2467
2616
2659
2736
2853
3026
3303
3691
4254
5144
6483
9723
14592
22774
30580
32437
27338
23607
21481
17614
12173
7727
5350
3955
3246
2943
2963
3035
3264
3663
3868
3432
2926
2545
2216
2006
1961
1763
1812
1766
1736
1706
1726
1686
1643
1671
1694
1696
1798
1689
1658
1620
1667
1678
1706
1627
1717
1750
1656
1690
1752
1713
1787
1771
1819
1758
1737
1786
1737
1699
1677
1750
1600
1629
1612
1631
1538
1584
1577
1642
1593
1601
1549
1562
1482
1517
1520
1508
1530
1489
1519
1538
1487
1574
1527
1571
1477
1403
1417
1501
1482
1446
1474
1590
1543
1570
1563
1505
1492
1505
1460
1473
1477
1463
1452
1469
1518
1455
1431
1461
1434
1445
1498
1497
1537
1533
1477
1487
1496
1470
1489
1546
1574
1590
1719
1657
1842
1759
1900
1889
1970
1970
1913
1913
1920
1893
1959
1934
1946
1982
2009
1979
1997
2039
2054
2036
2011
2193
2138
2239
2243
2272
2250
2385
2430
2444
2532
2671
2939
3065
3246
3515
3756
3794
4079
4319
4455
4615
4663
4826
5031
5117
5917
6314
7193
8284
9887
12125
16706
26389
44294
74566
106648
114581
96025
77722
72370
67681
51658
32456
19699
12264
8423
6235
5356
4684
4336
3922
3642
3338
3135
2773
2658
2525
2495
2158
2225
2165
2025
2085
1971
1986
1922
1931
1854
1918
1884
1908
1938
1817
1882
1856
1826
1869
1756
1887
1786
1804
1700
1754
1753
1746
1748
1737
1805
1798
1671
1640
1734
1664
1600
1635
1598
1640
1619
1676
1644
1610
1602
1620
1632
1614
1585
1556
1530
1596
1579
1610
1521
1618
1596
1582
1527
1560
1556
1657
1671
1613
1675
1641
1690
1778
1750
1714
1651
1693
1610
1570
1605
1600
1573
1520
1569
1537
1579
1480
1563
1530
1563
1525
1590
1588
1545
1576
1597
1544
1515
1508
1548
1564
1546
1564
1532
1527
1454
1526
1542
1511
1547
1499
1498
1536
1569
1523
1582
1516
1540
1592
1612
1630
1621
1591
1680
1683
1707
1760
1772
1848
1899
1779
1882
1912
2002
2026
2126
2180
2334
2408
2684
2981
3542
4477
6775
10589
16115
19562
18458
14373
12271
11830
11434
9223
6277
4204
2980
2417
2094
1913
1926
1955
1735
1867
1807
1946
1996
1913
1794
1767
1550
1518
1553
1463
1481
1504
1385
1392
1381
1351
1374
1479
1416
1386
1399
1451
1378
1402
1329
1376
1409
1411
1369
1341
1335
1319
1362
1387
1428
1384
1451
1387
1399
1404
1380
1474
1435
1385
1379
1500
1516
1503
1504
1487
1497
1645
1674
1705
1826
2013
2504
3242
4763
6464
7435
6564
5195
4640
4738
4763
3849
2856
2246
1916
1662
1587
1482
1542
1519
1444
1492
1373
1442
1346
1358
1336
1295
1331
1337
1318
1333
1298
1310
1342
1391
1336
1323
1304
1311
1279
1283
1217
1348
1293
1279
1351
1278
1332
1284
1273
1234
1279
1302
1287
1262
1368
1293
1366
1330
1333
1335
1293
1312
1319
1337
1261
1332
1286
1328
1320
1336
1328
1274
1247
1286
1254
1328
1320
1349
1362
1350
1393
1339
1338
1320
1308
1342
1327
1358
1335
1367
1307
1321
1331
1416
1392
1369
1356
1326
1367
1386
1360
1387
1430
1351
1338
1407
1349
1411
1291
1319
1367
1356
1390
1333
1354
1382
1310
1362
1355
1448
1406
1421
1451
1428
1523
1556
1486
1562
1646
1583
1698
1729
1768
1751
1879
1897
1988
2098
2142
2329
2463
2602
2823
3364
4048
5773
8893
15252
22821
25826
22375
16368
13370
13914
14962
13162
9159
5962
4040
2914
2465
2212
2060
1864
1846
1752
1673
1679
1542
1518
1540
1464
1348
1382
1393
1416
1372
1296
1386
1351
1396
1438
1478
1571
1653
1776
1654
1593
1491
1463
1327
1289
1312
1329
1323
1339
1392
1390
1349
1372
1406
1394
1363
1396
1416
1468
1488
1435
1466
1499
1579
1631
1725
1690
1963
2319
3282
4814
6618
7211
6118
4540
3926
4190
4454
4061
3210
2449
1923
1646
1453
1474
1395
1432
1344
1375
1347
1311
1309
1367
1341
1294
1221
1237
1290
1247
1257
1249
1208
1244
1234
1191
1222
1296
1268
1383
1302
1352
1347
1330
1297
1238
1336
1311
1260
1222
1243
1219
1239
1176
1232
1207
1190
1277
1305
1210
1255
1249
1222
1261
1231
1201
1242
1293
1279
1237
1233
1262
1345
1255
1217
1199
1219
1253
1201
1301
1205
1217
1206
1203
1189
1215
1206
1236
1220
1231
1272
1255
1227
1196
1194
1242
1239
1251
1255
1208
1298
1234
1204
1184
1213
1287
1279
1268
1229
1293
1284
1297
1375
1321
1368
1348
1296
1292
1322
1350
1263
1350
1289
1325
1301
1223
1274
1234
1231
1291
1251
1179
1216
1290
1247
1281
1305
1305
1238
1221
1235
1239
1230
1270
1295
1290
1191
1184
1247
1225
1268
1325
1250
1271
1250
1234
1278
1230
1303
1249
1291
1288
1308
1192
1242
1216
1292
1349
1328
1372
1284
1299
1375
1378
1363
1375
1417
1429
1491
1565
1523
1589
1569
1659
1717
1742
1792
1844
1876
1987
2096
2262
2336
2557
2693
3069
3488
4358
6264
9734
16021
24221
27892
24247
17216
12590
12174
14319
15363
13183
9158
5954
3896
2980
2450
2177
2028
1955
1802
1683
1580
1572
1469
1436
1396
1394
1312
1312
1329
1257
1295
1194
1279
1228
1223
1299
1279
1342
1385
1433
1478
1440
1338
1323
1285
1285
1254
1187
1188
1215
1300
1250
1258
1176
1158
1228
1173
1182
1218
1207
1182
1191
1219
1289
1295
1457
1505
1348
1264
1270
1257
1269
1283
1266
1256
1209
1238
1246
1176
1191
1199
1164
1197
1177
1163
1106
1178
1173
1147
1130
1207
1161
1171
1134
1118
1186
1091
1179
1173
1172
1110
1158
1153
1185
1127
1144
1175
1114
1135
1141
1180
1142
1156
1139
1142
1130
1183
1131
1117
1095
1127
1102
1085
1146
1110
1125
1190
1212
1322
1223
1199
1273
1189
1263
1226
1262
1232
1204
1333
1401
1531
1720
1748
1669
1569
1435
1296
1255
1244
1215
1246
1229
1173
1207
1215
1208
1208
1211
1211
1227
1298
1229
1245
1267
1247
1203
1216
1243
1288
1288
1163
1174
1135
1231
1206
1151
1178
1147
1115
1115
1207
1112
1153
1109
1191
1214
1176
1175
1208
1205
1279
1341
1320
1300
1280
1166
1142
1167
1166
1156
1152
1118
1137
1193
1151
1088
1106
1128
1123
1144
1146
1160
1201
1151
1192
1224
1210
1225
1207
1260
1173
1258
1167
1176
1169
1207
1196
1205
1193
1150
1252
1207
1264
1199
1231
1224
1320
1388
1475
1534
1701
1644
1683
1612
1596
1675
2057
2705
3105
3169
2728
2260
1933
1861
2073
2239
2241
1925
1619
1339
1359
1240
1255
1246
1218
1253
1321
1249
1158
1234
1181
1253
1155
1176
1190
1158
1202
1174
1164
1228
1253
1193
1211
1271
1348
1309
1352
1251
1346
1440
1480
1494
1613
1594
1768
1683
1847
1847
1895
1984
2186
2537
2809
3676
5134
7895
12361
16769
17213
13730
9933
7131
6695
7892
9391
9381
7631
5503
3743
2716
2247
1975
1857
1711
1710
1552
1540
1484
1368
1376
1349
1356
1312
1339
1308
1333
1266
1250
1223
1241
1228
1216
1211
1247
1225
1288
1248
1251
1218
1235
1257
1217
1212
1245
1270
1251
1240
1267
1233
1262
1337
1241
1252
1258
1290
1286
1293
1360
1230
1286
1253
1266
1262
1277
1301
1298
1256
1273
1252
1260
1327
1354
1416
1352
1322
1347
1326
1287
1324
1376
1311
1362
1365
1395
1455
1348
1423
1453
1531
1510
1588
1678
1701
1793
1820
1881
1980
2061
2232
2322
2440
2643
2597
2749
3042
3341
3788
4713
6102
8865
14021
22788
32126
35465
30169
21143
14291
11862
13471
17118
19334
17865
13212
8544
5552
4076
3309
2771
2460
2242
2106
1987
1868
1837
1651
1684
1562
1548
1572
1465
1427
1386
1434
1399
1396
1457
1450
1417
1490
1507
1451
1435
1500
1477
1493
1497
1617
1613
1600
1634
1631
1690
1764
1885
2149
2592
3577
5204
7206
8841
8299
6588
4680
3704
3691
4254
5007
5223
4586
3591
2603
2087
1855
1673
1618
1588
1600
1479
1526
1439
1426
1396
1451
1470
1390
1378
1447
1372
1463
1486
1494
1473
1595
1608
1653
1724
1759
1850
1906
1936
2048
2199
2227
2375
2420
2540
2734
2987
3477
4086
5292
7506
11464
18183
25034
28198
25126
18255
12302
9674
10083
12288
15040
14981
12712
8819
5899
4020
3126
2744
2356
2109
1971
1766
1644
1626
1590
1551
1470
1392
1362
1372
1271
1274
1249
1292
1227
1201
1220
1227
1184
1179
1226
1178
1180
1204
1251
1197
1184
1178
1191
1177
1208
1179
1166
1145
1134
1208
1134
1229
1181
1177
1204
1169
1172
1143
1166
1132
1170
1173
1182
1182
1229
1158
1180
1169
1219
1246
1179
1138
1174
1204
1125
1175
1150
1155
1122
1106
1113
1148
1176
1109
1109
1091
1175
1133
1202
1176
1173
1177
1147
1100
1149
1143
1100
1173
1139
1171
1206
1143
1156
1155
1126
1178
1107
1154
1117
1129
1135
1146
1134
1141
1093
1113
1132
1170
1149
1124
1166
1138
1178
1137
1198
1132
1115
1108
1121
1133
1184
1177
1196
1227
1127
1131
1119
1113
1124
1203
1255
1237
1262
1257
1314
1284
1271
1324
1320
1357
1295
1366
1427
1471
1558
1683
1961
2590
3505
4462
4964
4571
3578
2761
2353
2193
2486
2992
3068
2939
2595
1978
1683
1552
1373
1357
1315
1253
1242
1250
1283
1254
1242
1278
1297
1266
1252
1239
1300
1289
1300
1339
1346
1423
1464
1436
1421
1503
1494
1638
1632
1632
1663
1801
1694
1889
2064
2394
2912
3686
5410
8139
11243
12684
11613
8939
6308
4723
4255
4798
6012
7079
6801
5836
4284
3037
2332
2012
1697
1554
1523
1430
1340
1388
1310
1287
1210
1245
1205
1179
1157
1188
1031
1175
1143
1124
1110
1175
1196
1235
1220
1218
1164
1106
1092
1067
1064
1090
1118
1067
1120
1181
1214
1324
1381
1441
1408
1399
1296
1215
1172
1189
1241
1284
1274
1238
1222
1181
1130
1069
1093
1078
1056
1104
1060
1033
1006
1059
1004
1071
1052
1032
1039
1039
1030
1098
1093
1098
1061
1012
1071
1062
1068
1084
1115
1030
982
1076
1079
1036
1100
1063
1094
1100
1097
1152
1198
1289
1326
1224
1240
1133
1150
1146
1164
1154
1203
1294
1160
1173
1110
1196
1257
1355
1230
1230
1176
1148
1083
1057
1045
1034
1088
1066
1024
1068
1088
1068
1097
1000
1045
1084
1030
1058
1070
1043
1003
1054
961
1080
1037
1035
1062
1033
1124
1147
1130
1322
1477
1525
1567
1523
1374
1270
1206
1150
1270
1286
1346
1317
1298
1235
1125
1081
1094
1082
998
1018
997
1003
995
1012
1055
1039
1022
982
1032
991
1082
1022
989
1027
1057
996
1110
964
1008
1030
1077
1071
1074
1075
1101
1071
1112
1096
1182
1275
1386
1629
1907
1847
1757
1505
1320
1204
1230
1252
1284
1386
1388
1410
1349
1186
1138
1018
992
1010
1011
1072
984
987
980
1046
985
1025
984
1025
1026
1081
1052
1052
968
1019
1211
1091
995
1039
1001
1013
1046
1008
1022
961
953
957
1022
1029
1047
1071
1078
1179
1148
1115
1083
1092
1001
1020
1014
1026
1077
1189
1052
1076
999
1031
1053
1046
1015
986
958
998
1024
1024
994
1021
997
1028
1012
988
991
979
1020
987
962
924
948
936
970
988
993
974
998
1001
999
988
980
1007
956
992
1021
1025
1026
964
1027
990
1030
1002
986
1011
989
979
1018
980
990
998
1053
994
984
1003
1016
1012
1018
1032
1010
1018
973
976
965
952
987
1043
993
1032
999
970
980
1014
981
969
951
998
986
1013
1029
1091
1056
1095
1106
1251
1387
1416
1563
1577
1379
1246
1177
1119
1126
1217
1200
1255
1277
1257
1242
1205
1086
1117
1070
1079
993
1077
1055
1109
1055
1094
1095
1102
1101
1111
1112
1139
1142
1153
1163
1284
1253
1264
1266
1303
1310
1338
1375
1435
1539
1687
1946
2352
2990
4184
5679
6889
7135
6327
5132
3769
2954
2638
2647
3007
3612
4170
4128
3724
3010
2312
1833
1555
1439
1303
1285
1219
1178
1138
1044
1108
1084
1096
1089
1046
1017
1007
1035
1102
1010
1057
1043
1050
1060
989
1089
1033
1065
1057
1074
1014
1027
1059
1016
1046
1019
1056
1054
1027
982
1066
1114
1059
1060
1039
1063
1049
1058
1056
1036
1032
1083
1061
1109
1041
1085
1128
1115
1165
1125
1186
1220
1245
1268
1292
1379
1391
1495
1504
1499
1514
1642
1628
1592
1776
1923
2033
2229
2539
2979
3724
4933
7208
10164
13581
15616
15170
13098
9567
6652
5194
4662
5060
6148
7412
8479
8613
7719
5820
4309
3103
2335
1942
1746
1628
1486
1461
1437
1359
1330
1328
1222
1247
1254
1171
1133
1123
1113
1157
1131
1160
1214
1195
1156
1134
1172
1179
1294
1356
1483
1681
1960
2454
2924
3131
3098
2661
2180
1791
1586
1472
1606
1760
1913
2105
2144
2029
1718
1444
1324
1173
1150
1115
1096
1096
1104
1060
1088
1143
1112
1108
1106
1101
1117
1116
1130
1143
1158
1208
1133
1145
1101
1197
1231
1300
1396
1457
1649
1898
2410
3161
3982
4694
4931
4544
3809
2860
2311
1928
1919
2060
2448
2731
2989
3077
2695
2217
1769
1488
1363
1261
1191
1152
1026
1111
1048
1019
1058
1048
1075
1059
1029
1042
996
959
1000
1016
1018
1039
1023
1044
1040
1035
1045
1015
1051
1112
1173
1292
1396
1533
1636
1456
1441
1275
1197
1124
1160
1128
1165
1272
1254
1310
1230
1214
1123
1034
1017
1037
1012
975
960
954
944
988
903
958
946
968
946
921
947
965
971
900
943
948
992
974
942
972
985
965
890
971
958
941
942
891
961
895
961
929
948
900
932
968
969
1007
919
975
951
1009
978
906
967
926
946
930
966
934
919
937
956
1020
1001
1012
970
1046
994
1069
970
1039
1053
1031
1037
1121
1075
1154
1177
1255
1292
1518
1697
2007
2444
2857
3147
3032
2619
2144
1846
1563
1534
1520
1658
1830
1966
2174
2112
1930
1673
1549
1302
1290
1260
1191
1198
1097
1124
1046
997
976
1079
1001
975
990
1002
934
931
883
969
908
967
934
938
937
926
991
978
1015
1004
1034
1053
1067
1019
997
1022
1006
1039
1000
1012
961
974
1018
978
1031
1001
964
962
911
965
959
1009
956
921
927
940
906
956
978
914
973
958
997
987
977
1022
993
1009
1029
1008
966
1045
1024
1082
1060
1128
1269
1346
1596
1719
1974
2005
1841
1604
1344
1230
1144
1153
1206
1198
1302
1346
1362
1391
1315
1204
1069
1083
1018
985
985
913
978
943
938
957
936
944
969
953
913
932
908
890
906
944
971
952
880
937
912
904
899
841
874
885
928
880
913
954
910
915
891
915
899
904
979
SPPS YAG Stream 5wt% AlN
[Data]
AnglePSD
20.00161501
20.02181468
20.04211480
20.06231468
20.08251507
20.10281500
20.1231503
20.14321518
20.16351480
20.18371534
20.20391557
20.22411593
20.24441561
20.26461531
20.28481454
20.30511524
20.32531457
20.34551577
20.36581604
20.3861533
20.40621511
20.42641593
20.44671514
20.46691517
20.48711635
20.50741587
20.52761540
20.54781595
20.56811569
20.58831504
20.60851547
20.62871550
20.6491596
20.66921566
20.68941687
20.70971570
20.72991617
20.75011658
20.77041696
20.79061735
20.81081710
20.83111830
20.85132022
20.87152200
20.89172715
20.9123476
20.93224594
20.95245927
20.97277462
20.99297576
21.01317099
21.03346052
21.05364846
21.07383637
21.0942718
21.11432167
21.13451972
21.15471849
21.1751696
21.19521673
21.21541572
21.23571575
21.25591601
21.27611507
21.29631601
21.31661655
21.33681518
21.3571481
21.37731600
21.39751484
21.41771507
21.4381488
21.45821497
21.47841466
21.49861510
21.51891476
21.53911452
21.55931449
21.57961541
21.59981496
21.621496
21.64031496
21.66051435
21.68071409
21.7011403
21.72121424
21.74141472
21.76161466
21.78191510
21.80211464
21.82231431
21.84261428
21.86281459
21.8831375
21.90331478
21.92351448
21.94371482
21.96391463
21.98421495
22.00441460
22.02461437
22.04491467
22.06511427
22.08531464
22.10561428
22.12581492
22.1461380
22.16621400
22.18651437
22.20671453
22.22691465
22.24721444
22.26741433
22.28761416
22.30791433
22.32811401
22.34831430
22.36851472
22.38881511
22.4091427
22.42921452
22.44951445
22.46971488
22.48991465
22.51021464
22.53041466
22.55061464
22.57081448
22.59111421
22.61131391
22.63151495
22.65181427
22.6721462
22.69221424
22.71251373
22.73271518
22.75291460
22.77321423
22.79341468
22.81361418
22.83381448
22.85411410
22.87431466
22.89451468
22.91481382
22.9351379
22.95521356
22.97551382
22.99571374
23.01591427
23.03611456
23.05641421
23.07661439
23.09681385
23.11711417
23.13731368
23.15751302
23.17781381
23.1981362
23.21821373
23.23841369
23.25871332
23.27891430
23.29911377
23.31941413
23.33961421
23.35981361
23.38011428
23.40031439
23.42051415
23.44071451
23.4611415
23.48121306
23.50141406
23.52171381
23.54191411
23.56211438
23.58241422
23.60261335
23.62281315
23.64311407
23.66331413
23.68351399
23.70371389
23.7241399
23.74421385
23.76441364
23.78471364
23.80491422
23.82511363
23.84541437
23.86561291
23.88581404
23.9061410
23.92631358
23.94651342
23.96671359
23.9871390
24.00721356
24.02741363
24.04771362
24.06791371
24.08811415
24.10831376
24.12861335
24.14881395
24.1691361
24.18931399
24.20951315
24.22971396
24.251327
24.27021387
24.29041358
24.31061422
24.33091319
24.35111400
24.37131413
24.39161388
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31.24
