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Implementing the NYS P-12 Common Core Learning Standards for Mathematics
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Transcript of Implementing the NYS P-12 Common Core Learning Standards for Mathematics
www.engageNY.orgwww.engageNY.org
Implementing the NYS P-12 Common Core Learning Standards
for Mathematics
Please visit www.engageNY.org for additional information regarding the Common Core Learning
Standards
1
New York State Education Department. (2011).
EngageNY. Retrieved from
http://engageny.org/
www.engageNY.orgwww.engageNY.org
The Common Core State Standards Initiative
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Beginning in the spring of 2009, Governors and State Commissioners of Education from 48 states, 2 territories and the District of Columbia committed to developing a
common core of state K-12 English language arts (ELA) and mathematics standards.
The Common Core State Standards Initiative (CCSSI) is a state-led effort coordinated by the National Governors Association (NGA) and the Council of Chief State School
Officers (CCSSO). www.corestandards.org
Common Core State Standards Initiative. (2011). Common Core State Standards.
Retrieved from http://www.corestandards.org/
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Why Common Core State Standards?
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Why Common Core State Standards?
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Preparation: The standards are college- and career-ready. They will help prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in education and training after high school.
Competition: The standards are internationally benchmarked. Common standards will help ensure our students are globally competitive.
Equity: Expectations are consistent for all – and not dependent on a student’s zip code.
Clarity: The standards are focused, coherent, and clear. Clearer standards help students (and parents and teachers) understand what is expected of them.
Collaboration: The standards create a foundation to work collaboratively across states and districts, pooling resources and expertise, to create curricular tools, professional development, common assessments and other materials.
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The Mathematics Standards: How They Were Developed and Who Was Involved
Key Points from Video
• General discussion of mathematics standards • Aspirations for mathematics instruction at higher levels • Greater mastery through focus and coherence • Review of groups involved • General discussion of mathematics progressions • What is and is not included at the elementary level • What happens at middle school• Discussion of migration away from strands and into domains
of mathematics
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McCallum, W. (2011). Mathematic Standards: How They Were Developed and Who Was
Involved [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnjbwJdcPjE
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Underlying FrameworksStrands of Mathematical Proficiency
Strategic Competence
Adaptive Reasoning
Conceptual Understanding Productive
Disposition
Procedural Fluency
NRC (2001). Adding It Up. Washington, D.C.:National Academies Press.
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Kilpatrick, J., Swafford, J., & Findell, B. (Eds.). (2001). Adding it Up:
Helping Children Learn Mathematics. Washington, DC: National Academies
Press.
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Improving K-12
Mathematics is an
URGENT Matter!
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Key Questions
What is the current state of mathematics performance…
• In the United States compared to other nations?
• In the United States?• In New York State compared to other states?• In your school/district compared to other
districts in New York State?
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What is TIMSS? The
Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) compares math and science achievement of 4th and 8th graders internationally.
TIMSS is closely linked to the curricula of the participating countries, providing an indication of the degree to which students have learned concepts in mathematics and science they have encountered in school
To date, more than 50 countries have participated.
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Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study(TIMSS). (n.d.). Retrieved
from Institute of Educational Science website: http://nces.ed.gov/timss/
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TIMSS 2007 Assessment 8th Grade Math
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Gonzales, P. (2009). Highlights From TIMSS 2007:Mathematics and Science
Achievement of U.S. Fourth and Eighth-Grade Students in an International
Context. Retrieved from National Center for Education Statistics
website: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2009/2009001.pdf
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TIMSS: Countries Behind U.S.
Armenia, Australia, Sweden, Malta, Scotland, Serbia, Italy, Malaysia, Norway, Cyprus, Bulgaria, Israel, Ukraine, Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lebanon, Thailand, Turkey, Jordan, Tunisia, Georgia, Iran, Islamic Rep of, Bahrain, Indonesia, Syrian Arab Republic, Egypt, Algeria, Colombia, Oman, Palestinian Nat'l Auth., Botswana, Kuwait, El Salvador, Saudi Arabia, Ghana, Qatar, Morocco
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What is PISA
PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment)
is an international study which began in the year 2000. It aims to evaluate education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students in participating countries/economies. Since the year 2000 over 70 countries and economies have participated in PISA.
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Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). (n.d.). Retrieved from
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development website:
http://www.oecd.org/document/61/ 0,3746,en_32252351_32235731_46567613_1_1_1_1,00.html
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PISA
PISA assesses how far students near the end of compulsory education have acquired some of the knowledge and skills that are essential for full participation in society. In all cycles, the domains of reading, mathematical and scientific literacy are covered not merely in terms of mastery of the school curriculum, but in terms of important knowledge and skills needed in adult life.
In the PISA 2003 cycle, an additional domain of problem solving was introduced to continue the examination of cross-curriculum competencies.
Take the Test
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PISA 2003
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Programme for International Student Assessment. (n.d.). First Results from PISA
2003 [Executive Summary]. Retrieved from Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development website: http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/1/63/ 34002454.pdf
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PISA 2006
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The “Thin Elite Layer”
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NAEP 2011 NY State
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National Center for Education Statistics. (n.d.). National Assessment of
Educational Progress (NAEP). Retrieved from U.S. Department of Education
website: http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/
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NAEP 4th Grade Math
National Center for Education Statistics. (n.d.). National Assessment of
Educational Progress (NAEP). Retrieved from U.S. Department of Education
website: http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/
NAEP Math Results
234238 240
247253
200
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220
230
240
250
260
CA NY U.S. MD MA
Grade 4
Av
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ore
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NAEP Math Results
273280 283 288
299
200
220
240
260
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320
CA NY U.S. MD MA
Grade 8
Av
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NAEP 8th Grade Math
National Center for Education Statistics. (n.d.). National Assessment of
Educational Progress (NAEP). Retrieved from U.S. Department of Education
website: http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/
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NYS P-12 Common CoreLearning Standards for Mathematics
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New York State Education Department. (2011). Common Core in Mathematics:
Overview. Retrieved from http://engageny.org/resource/ common-core-in-mathematics-overview/
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Common Core Learning Standards
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Instructional Shifts . . .
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Shift 1 Focus
Teachers use the power of the eraser and significantly narrow and deepen the scope of how time and energy is spent in the math classroom. They do so in order to focus deeply on only the concepts that are prioritized in the standards so that students reach strong foundational knowledge and deep conceptual understanding and are able to transfer mathematical skills and understanding across concepts and grades.
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Reflection
Read the “Shift”
What does the “Shift” mean to you?
What does it look like in mathematics classrooms (provide specific examples)?
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Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS)
Test your mathematics and science knowledge by completing test items in the Dare to Compare challenge!
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NCES Kids' Zone. (n.d.). Dare to Compare. Retrieved from U.S. Department of
Education website: http://nces.ed.gov/nceskids/eyk/?flash=true
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The Importance of Focus in Mathematics
• First-year college remediation challenges • Mismatch between higher education and K-12 --
more mastery of fewer topics vs. covering more • Focus as it relates to teachers' needs to build a solid
foundation in early grades • Solid early foundation enables greater success later
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Zimba, J., & McCallum, W. (n.d.). The Importance of Focus in Mathematics [Motion
picture]. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=2rje1NOgHWs&list=UUF0pa3nE3aZAfBMT8pqM5PA&index=
18&feature=plcp
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Shift 2 Coherence
Principals and teachers carefully connect the learning within and across grades so that, for example, fractions or multiplication spiral across grade levels and students can build new understanding onto foundations built in previous years. Teachers can begin to count on deep conceptual understanding of core content and build on it. Each standard is not a new event, but an extension of previous learning.
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Reflection
Read the “Shift”
What does the “Shift” mean to you?
What does it look like in mathematics classrooms (provide specific examples)?
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The Importance of Coherence in Mathematics• Mathematics consists of pieces that make sense; they are not
just independent manipulation/skills to be practiced and memorized – as perceived by many students.
• These individual pieces progress through different grades (in organized structures we called “flows”) and can/should be unified together into a coherent whole.
• Algebra as an example
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Zimba, J., & McCallum, W. (n.d.). The Importance of Coherence In Mathematics
[Motion picture]. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=2rje1NOgHWs&feature=autoplay&list=UUF0pa3nE3aZAfBMT8pqM5
PA&playnext=1
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The Structure is the Standardsby Phil Daro, Bill McCallum, Jason
ZimbaA Grecian Urn
You have just purchased an expensive Grecian urn and asked the dealer to ship it to your house. He picks up a hammer, shatters it into pieces, and explains that he will send one piece a day in an envelope for the next year. You object; he says “don’t worry, I’ll make sure that you get every single piece, and the markings are clear, so you’ll be able to glue them all back together. I’ve got it covered.” Absurd, no? But this is the way many school systems require teachers to deliver mathematics to their students; one piece (i.e. one standard) at a time. They promise their customers (the taxpayers) that by the end of the year they will have “covered” the standards…
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The Structure is the Standardsby Phil Daro, Bill McCallum, Jason Zimba
Once you have read the article, please answer the questions below with an elbow partner.
1. How do the authors describe the standards?
Provide evidence in the text.
2. How were the Common Core State Standards developed? Point to evidence in the text.
3. Why did they use the word “structure” in the title? Discuss with your elbow partner.
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Daro, P., McCallum, B., & Zimba, J. (2012, February 16). The Structure is the
Standards [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://commoncoretools.me/2012/02/ 16/the-structure-is-the-standards/
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Dividing Fractions
Imagine you are beginning to teach students division with fractions. What would you do to introduce this concept to students?
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Dividing Fractions
How would you present the following problem:
1 ¾ ÷ ½ ?
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Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics – Liping Ma
What is the common phrase we hear teacherssay when teaching students to divide fractions?
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Ma, L. (2010). Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics: Teachers'
Understanding of Fundamental Mathematics in China and the United States
(Studies in Mathematical Thinking and Learning Series) (2nd ed.).
Routledge.
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Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics – Liping Ma
Most of the Chinese teachers use the phrase “dividing by a number is equivalent to multiplying by its reciprocal” instead of what many U.S. teachers say “invert and multiply.”
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Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics – Liping Ma
Dividing by 2 is the same as multiplying by ½, therefore dividing by ½ is the same as multiplying by 2.
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Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics – Liping Ma
How many different ways can we solve the problem 1 ¾ ÷ ½ ?
Let’s share and record all the various ways.
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Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics – Liping Ma
Measurement Model – “How many ½s in 1 ¾?” (e.g., apples, graham
crackers, piece of wood)Partitive Model – “Finding a number such
that ½ of it is 1 ¾” (e.g., box of candy, cake, pizza, distance)
Factors and Product – “Find a factor that when multiplied by ½ will make 1 ¾” (e.g., area of a rectangle)
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Knowing and Teaching Elementary Mathematics – Liping Ma
The meaning of division by fractions
Meaning of division with whole numbers
The concept of inverse operations
Meaning of multiplication with whole numbers
Meaning of multiplication with
fractions
Concept of fraction
Concept of unit
Meaning of addition
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Shift 3 Fluency
Students are expected to have speed and accuracy with simple calculations; teachers structure class time and/or homework time for students to memorize, through repetition, core functions such as multiplication tables so that they are more able to understand and manipulate more complex concepts.
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Reflection
Read the “Shift”
What does the “Shift” mean to you?
What does it look like in mathematics classrooms (provide specific examples)?
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Granny Prix
Oliver, N. (n.d.). Granny Prix [Math Game]. Retrieved from multiplication.com
website: http://www.multiplication.com/flashgames/GrannyPrix.htm
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Key Fluencies
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Grade Required Fluency
K Add/subtract within 5
1 Add/subtract within 10
2Add/subtract within 20
Add/subtract within 100 (pencil and paper)
3Multiply/divide within 100
Add/subtract within 1000
4 Add/subtract within 1,000,000
5 Multi-digit multiplication
6Multi-digit division
Multi-digit decimal operations
7 Solve px + q = r, p(x + q) = r
8 Solve simple 22 systems by inspection
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Mathematical Fluency: A Balanced Approach
Balanced between procedural fluency and conceptual understanding, with examples
Building on required fluencies
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McCallum, B., & Zimba, J. (n.d.). Mathematics Fluency A Balance Approach [Video
file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFUAV00bTwA.
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Shift 4 Deep Understanding
Teachers teach more than “how to get the answer” and instead support students’ ability to access concepts from a number of perspectives so that students are able to see math as more than a set of mnemonics or discrete procedures. Students demonstrate deep conceptual understanding of core math concepts by applying them to new situations. as well as writing and speaking about their understanding.
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Reflection
Read the “Shift”
What does the “Shift” mean to you?
What does it look like in mathematics classrooms (provide specific examples)?
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Deep Conceptual Understanding
McDonald’s ClaimWikipedia reports that 8% of all
Americans eat at McDonalds every day.
In the U.S., there are approximately 310 million people and 12,800 McDonalds.
Do you believe the Wikipedia report to be true? Create a mathematical argument to
justify your position.
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Shift 5 Applications
Students are expected to use math and choose the appropriate concept for application even when they are not prompted to do so. Teachers provide opportunities at all grade levels for students to apply math concepts in “real world” situations. Teachers in content areas outside of math, particularly science, ensure that students are using math – at all grade levels – to make meaning of and access content.
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Reflection
Read the “Shift”
What does the “Shift” mean to you?
What does it look like in mathematics classrooms (provide specific examples)?
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Shift 6 Dual IntensityStudents are practicing and understanding.
There is more than a balance between these two things in the classroom – both are occurring with intensity. Teachers create opportunities for students to participate in “drills” and make use of those skills through extended application of math concepts. The amount of time and energy spent practicing and understanding learning environments is driven by the specific mathematical concept and therefore, varies throughout the given school year.
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Reflection
Read the “Shift”
What does the “Shift” mean to you?
What does it look like in mathematics classrooms (provide specific examples)?
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When Not Knowing Math Can Cost You $15,000
“Who wants to be a Millionaire?”Question for $16,000
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Mathclips. (2007, July 26). When Not Knowing Math Can Cost You $15,000 [Motion
picture]. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbX44YSsQ2I
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When Not Knowing Math Can Cost You $15,000
Which of these square numbers also happens to be the sum of two smaller square numbers?
A. 16 B. 25C. 36 D. 49
List strategies to help students remember square numbers
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The Mathematics Standards and the Shifts They Require
• Calls for Conceptual Understanding, Procedural Fluency, and Problem Solving
• Content and skills need to be connected with the Standards of Mathematical Practices
• Greater focus and better coherence
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Zimba, J. (n.d.). The Mathematics Standards and the Shifts They Require [Video
file]. Retrieved from
http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=5pBOnvzC_Yw&list=UUF0pa3nE3aZAfBMT8pqM5PA&index=
29&feature=plcp
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Assessment of Learning
The Next Shift
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New York State Assessment Transition Plan: ELA and Mathematics
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1 The PARCC assessments are scheduled to be operational in 2014-15 and are subject to adoption by the New York State Board of Regents. The PARCC assessments are still in development. All PARCC assessments will be aligned to the Common Core.
2 Funding Pending.
3 The PARCC consortium is developing ELA and mathematics assessments that will cover grades 3-11. New York State will continue to monitor the development of these assessments to determine how the PARCC assessments might intersect with the Regents Exams. Note that all new Regents Exams and PARCC assessments will be implemented starting with the end-of-year administration, rather than the winter or summer administrations.
4 The names of New York State’s Mathematics Regents Exams are expected to change to reflect the new alignment of these assessments to the Common Core. For additional information about the upper-level mathematics course sequence and related standards, see the “Traditional Pathway” section of Common Core Mathematics Appendix A (http://engageny.org/news/traditional-course-pathway-for-high-school-mathematics-courses-approved/).
5 This transition plan is specific to the NYSAA in ELA and mathematics.
6 New York State is a member of the NCSC national alternate assessment consortium that is engaged in research and development of new alternate assessments for alternate achievement standards. The NCSC assessments are scheduled to be operational in 2014-15 and are subject to adoption by the New York State Board of Regents.
Assessment – 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
ELA
Grades 3-8 Aligned to 2005 Standards Aligned to the Common Core
Grades 9-10 Aligned to the Common Core2
PARCC1
Grade 11 Regents
Aligned to 2005 Standards Regents Exam Aligned to the Common Core3
Regents Exam Aligned to the Common Core / PARCC1, 3
Math
Grades 3-8 Aligned to the Common Core PARCC1
Algebra I
Geometry
Regents Exams Aligned to the Common Core3,4
Algebra II
Aligned to 2005 Standards Aligned to 2005 Standards
Aligned to the 2005 Standards
Regents Exams Aligned to the Common Core / PARCC1, 3,4
Additional State Assessments
NYSAA5 Aligned to 2005 Standards Aligned to the Common Core
NCSC6
NYSESLAT Aligned to 1996 Standards Aligned to the Common Core
As of October 12, 2012 (Subject to Revision)
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What will assessment look like in relation to the Common Core Shifts?
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*Recent update for Shift 3
In a memo dated March 2012, Deputy Commission Slentz stated the following:
Grade 6 students must have the use of a four-function calculator with a square
root key or a scientific calculator for the entire test. (Schools may choose which
type they purchase.)
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Resources
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http://engageny.org/resource/math-toolkit/
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Common Core Resources on EngageNY
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collaboratively built tools
informed and approved by the authors of the CCSS,
which evaluate the Common Core alignment of curricular
materials collaboratively built to
ols
informed and approved by the authors of the CCSS,
which evaluate the Common Core alignment of curricular
materials
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as of 3/5/12; subject to revision
NYSED is delivering Curriculum Modules aligned to the Core in ELA & Math
Scope and Sequence available in July 2012
P-5 Modules begin arriving in quarter-length chunks beginning in August.
6-12 Modules begin arriving in quarter-length chunks beginning in the Fall.
Modules: ELA & Math
Modules Summer 2012 Fall 2012 Spring 2013 Summer 2013
P-5
Scope & Sequence
1/6 Module
3/6 Modules 4/6 Modules 6/6 Modules
6-12 Scope & Sequence 2/6 Modules 4/6 Modules 6/6 Modules
PD for NTs, Teachers, Principals
Week Long Summer Intensive P-5
Ongoing
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Video Exemplars
Materials July 2012 Fall/Winter 2012
Spring/Summer 2013
Winter 2013/14
Common Core Shifts 2 7 11 100 Videos Total
Teacher Practice Videos
45 114 227 Videos Total
Principal Practice Videos
27 68 135 Videos Total
Data Driven Instruction
2 6 15 30 Videos Total
Studio Videos 24 Videos Total
NYSED is delivering more than 500 videos to:
Exemplify the New York State CCLS aligned instruction from NYS teachers
Use for calibration of teacher and principal evaluation Model data driven instruction cycles Instruct and Inform regarding CCLS, DDI, TLE
as of 3/5/12; subject to revision
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The End
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