Imperialism in Africa

Agenda1. Bell Ringer: Explanation of the next few weeks.

2. Lecture: Imperialism in Africa (20)

3. Map Activity, the Scramble for Africa. (12)

4. Primary Document Analysis: Views of Imperialism (15)

5. Multiple Choice Questions (15)

6. Impact of Imperialism discussion (15)HW: Reflection #12 due on 2/20/2015-

Read Chapter 21: Compare and contrast two Imperialist powers in Asia or Africa. Look at their colonies and level of control. Why did they take these particular areas? Is there any resistance? Was that resistance successful?

Before Imperialism

• Africa divided into hundreds of ethnic groups and tribes.

• Steamboat would allow Europeans to conduct major expeditions into Africa.

Building Empires

• Henry Stanley goes to Congo River Valley and has a treaty signed by African Chiefs.

• King Leopold II of Belgium start the move to control Africa.– Claimed that he was

attempting to abolish slave trade.

– Instead, exploited Africans forcing them to collect sap from rubber trees.

Motives

• Imperialism- the takeover of a country or territory by a stronger nation.

• Searched for new markets, raw materials.

• Empire = greatness• Social Darwinism-

survival of the fittest applied to social change and imperialism.

• Westernize foreign lands

Enabling Imperialism

• Technological Superiority aided in conquering people.

• Steam Engine made travel easy, aided in controlling others.

• Quinine allowed Europeans to avoid the mosquito and diseases.

• In Africa, the vast differences in language prevented solidarity against the imperialists.

Berlin Conference

• 1860s, discovery of diamonds and gold increased interest in Africa.

• 1884-1885- 14 countries meet and set up rules for territory in Africa. – Any country could lay claim

to lands, as long as they can control area, and notify other countries.

– Africa carved up with no thoughts to the tribes.

Nigeria

• Influence demanded over the people socially and economically.

• 1807, they would free slaves, and then use that group to take other African tribes.

• They had to control 250 different tribes.

• Indirect control allowed individual chiefs under British control to rule over tribes.

Resistance?

• East Africa attempted a spiritual defense, believing that sprinkling a magic water on them turned bullets into water…

• Maji Maji rebellion would lead to thousands killed by the machine gun.

• Ethiopia was more successful, pitting Italians and British against one another. Menelik II would build up an arsenal of modern weapons from both countries.