Ignite - C4 Atlanta€¦ · Ignite course agenda • Week 1: Goals & Business Foundations • Week...
Transcript of Ignite - C4 Atlanta€¦ · Ignite course agenda • Week 1: Goals & Business Foundations • Week...
Ignite
• Competitive Analysis
• SWOT
• How is your business
canvas coming along?
Homework Review
Ignite course agenda
• Week 1: Goals & Business Foundations
• Week 2: Expanding Value
• Week 3: Exploring the industry
• Week 4: Market Strategy/Marketing
• Week 5: Situation Analysis & Managing Operations
• Week 6: Cost Structures & Revenue Streams &
Business Entities
• Week 7: Review – putting it all together
• Week 8: Final Presentation
What are costs?• Is it just money?
• What about time & opportunity?
Business costs may include cash, materials, time, risk,
opportunities, resources (which can include people)
Cost Structures
• What are the most important costs inherent to our
business model?
Types of Costs
• Variable Costs
• Fixed Costs
• Direct costs to a project
• Economies of Scale
• Economies of Scope
Fixed Cost vs. Variable Cost Game
WHAT IS PROFIT?
(Not meant to be a philosophical question…)
Profit: Gross vs Net
• Profit = Net Income
– Income after expenses
• Revenues = Gross Income
– Income before expenses
Three-Year Forecast
Estimate: Quantity Sold
Products/Services Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total Yr 1-3
Paintings 5 8 15 28
Tickets 500 1000 1500 3000
Step 1: How many units will you sell?
Three-Year Forecast
Estimate: Revenue
Products/
Services Price Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Total Yr
1-3
Paintings $1,500 $7,500 $12,000 $22,500 $42,000
Tickets $25 $12,500 $25,000 $37,500 $75,000
Total Revenue $20,000 $37,000 $60,000 $117,000
(5 pieces sold x $1,500)
Step 2: How much revenue will that generate?
Three-Year Forecast
Estimate: Fixed Costs
Operating
Expenses Assumptions Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Total
Yr 1-3
Website
Hosting $10 / month $120 $120 $120 $360
Graphic
Designer estimated $500 $1,000 $1,200 $2,700
Subtotal $620 $1,120 $1,320 $3,060
Cost Overrun 20% $124 $224 $264 $5,760
Total Costs $744 $1,344 $1,584 $8,820
Step 3: What are your one-time (fixed) costs?
Three-Year Forecast
Estimate: Per-Unit Costs – Paintings
Materials
Cost Per
Unit Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Total
Yr 1-3
Canvas $100 $500 $800 $1,500 $2,800
Paint $40 $200 $320 $600 $1,120
Total $700 $1,120 $2,100 $3,920
(5 pieces sold x $100 = $500)
Step 4: What are your variable (per-unit) costs?
Three-Year Forecast
Estimate: Net Income / Loss
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Total
Yr 1-3
Total Revenue $20,000 $37,000 $60,000 $117,000
Total Costs $1,444 $2,464 $3,684 $7,592
Net Profit (The
Bottom Line) $18,556 $34,536 $56,316 $109,408
Step 5: Add it all up
Breakeven Point
Cost Structure
Cost Structure – Key Resources
Key Resources
Cost Structures (cont.)
• Which Key Resources are most expensive?
Cost Structure – Key Activities
Key activities
More Cost Structures
• Which Key Activities are most expensive?
What are ways to reduce cost?
Break
Revenue Streams
Revenue Streams
What is Revenue?
Money that is made by or paid to a business or an
organization
Revenue Streams
For what value are our customers willing to pay?
Revenue Model For what do they currently pay?
Revenue Model How are they currently paying?
Revenue Model How would they prefer to pay?
Revenue Model
How much does each revenue stream contribute to overall
revenue?
What sources of revenue might your
artistic work provide?
Think about revenue over costs. Does that leave you with a
profit? Or at least at a breakeven point?
Wage and Employment Data (May 2016)
Wage and Employment Data (Georgia)
Get More Data from BLS
Bureau of Labor
Statistics –
Occupational
Employment Statistics
https://www.bls.gov
/oes/tables.htm
Today’s Artists
• Portfolio artist vs. Superstar Artists
• Multiple Revenue Streams => Cash Flow
Funding Strategies
FUNDS
Earned Revenue Donations Grants
Investors (Friends, Family...) Venture Capital
Other?
Determining pricing – conclusion
Your pricing is based on a number of factors. Don’t forget to
figure in your costs.
What are other artists charging? Are they earning money?
Consider: your level of experience, time it takes to create,
cost of materials, market rates, and your value proposition
which may include “invisible work.”
Stretch Break
Disclaimer
• The following slides are not
meant to provide legal or
financial advice. They are for
information purposes only.
• To help you make the right
decision for you, please
contact an accountant or
attorney.
Forming a Business: Options
• Sole Proprietorship
• Limited Liability Company (LLC)
• S-Corporation
• C-Corporation
• Nonprofit Corporation
Sole Proprietorship
• You are the company
• No incorporation necessary,
no separate filing
– You will still have to comply
with State & Local laws and
ordinances on the books
• You have full liability
Limited Liability Company
• Limited Liability
• Tax filing is part of your
personal tax return
• Less paperwork & scrutiny
compared to other forms
• Very flexible: can have
multiple owners (partnership)
• Can be difficult to transfer
ownership
S-Corporation
• Limited Liability
• Losses are deducted on tax returns
• May carry tax advantages above the LLC
• More paperwork is involved than an LLC
C-Corporation
• Unlimited number of shareholders
• Attractive for venture capitalists
• May retain and accumulate earnings from year to year
• Carries greatest burden of paperwork and scrutiny
• Faces double taxation (income & dividends)
Nonprofit Corporation– In a for-profit, profits are distributed to owners/shareholders
(Return on Investment = Money)
– In a nonprofit, profits are retained to be invested back into
mission (Return on Investment = Mission)
– “No part of the net earnings of the Corporation shall inure to the
benefit of, or be distributable to, its directors, officers, or other
private persons, except … to pay reasonable compensation for
services rendered …”
Nonprofit Advantages
• Tax Exempt
• Donations to 501(c)(3)
organizations are tax
deductible
• Eligibility for grants
• Formal structure means
organization exists beyond its
founders
• Limited liability
Nonprofit Disadvantages
• High cost of
incorporation (fees)
• Greater paperwork
burden (tax returns,
record keeping)
• Shared control: Board
of Directors
• Public Scrutiny
through open tax
filings
Alternatives
• L3C: Low Profit LLC
– Social enterprise with a social benefit, rather than maximize
income (mission-driven)
– Available in: IL, KS, LA, ME, MI, ND, RI, UT, VT, WY
– Foundations can invest in these as a Program Related
Investment
• Benefit Corporation
– For-profit corporation with a triple bottom line: society,
environment, profit
– Available in 28 states
Fiscal Sponsorship
• Existing for-profit organization
or single proprietor may raise
tax-deductible contributions
through an established
501(c)(3) nonprofit
organization.
• Good alternative if forming a
new nonprofit is not feasible.
• Typically, project-based
Homework!
• Fill in Cost Structures &
Revenue Streams
(homework page questions)
• What business entity will
you pursue?
• Identify risks & solutions for
managing them
• Create a budget