IEC 61850 Digital Substation Design Tutorial for Novices

Antonio Riccardo Jr. – National grid

Harsh Vardhan– GE Grid Solutions

2019 Texas A&M Protective Relaying Conference

Agenda• Conceptual Design• Proper Data Model & Services• Digita l Substation Arcitecture• Reliability & Redundancy Design• Time Synchronization• Network Traffic Segregation

Conceptual Design -Read… Other Title90-4 IEC/TR 61850-90-4 Network Engineering Guidelines

• Any Concept requires an end result , what is the goal?

• Familiarize yourself with the Standards.

• Read, Read, & Read

Conceptual Design – Read…Learn…• Understand your current organization’s protection and control standards and

practices.

• Utility P & C practices exist for a reason.

• As you work through your standards you will find that certa in aspects of your current design can be improved or simplified.

• Utility practices tend to limit digita l substation design.

Conceptual Design – Read…Learn…Involve…• Involve a ll stakeholders early in your design process.• Pull everyone involved in a power utility system as the yare your customers.

Every one has a job function.• Like every business, know what your customers want , how can you make life

more efficient .• “People fear the future because they do not see their place in it”

Project Manager

Substation Engineering

Protection Technicians

Telecommunication Technicians

Traveling operators

Station Technicians

Digital Substation Design

EMS

Cyber Security

IT

Protection & Control Engineering

Telecomm Engineering

Conceptual Design – Read…Learn…Involve…Invest…• Most essentia l element in the success of implementing a digita l substation• Can be capita lized on projects

Digital Substation

Lab

Prove design

Training

TestingWork with stakeholders

Evaluating equipment

IEC 61850 Data Model

Physical Device (LPHD)

Logical Device (LD)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Data Object (DO)Data Attribute (DA)

Logical Device (LD)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Device (LD)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

Logical Node(LN)

LPHD: The actual physical device, accessed by the network address

LD: Collection of Logical Nodes within in one Physical Device.

LN: Representation of a function within IEC 61850.

DO: Dedicated data values. Structured and defined within

the Standard.

DA: Assigned values and exchange mechanisms.

Data Object (DO)

L90/System/XCBR1$ST$Loc$stVal

Physical DeviceLogical Device

Logical NodeFunctional Constra int

Data Attribute

IEC 61850 Data Model & Services

64 Boolean, DPS, AnalogGOOSE Inputs

8 SV data streams

LGOS

LSVS

Distance Relay

21 PDIS

PDIS

PTOC

21N

67NRDIR

PTRC

LPHD

LGOS

LSVS

LTMS

LCCH

RFLO

CSWI

System Logical Nodes

ProtectionLogical Nodes

OtherLogical Nodes

PIOC50

RDRE

6x GOCB

4x BRCB

6x URCB

MMS File Transfer

Services

Bay Controller Unit (BCU)

25 RSYN

RREC

RBRF

79

50BF

LPHD

LGOS

LSVS

LTMS

LCCH

CSWI

CILO

System Logical Nodes

Protection Related

Logical NodesControl

Logical Nodes

RDRE

6x GOCB

4x BRCB

6x URCB

MMS File Transfer

Services

64 Boolean, DPS, AnalogGOOSE Inputs

8 SV data streams

LGOS

LSVS

No Standard is Perfect..Other Missing Info – “BlkOpn”, “BlkCls”

CSWI

XCBR

Relay Room

Switchyard

Digital Substation Architecture

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

GPS Clock- 2

GatewayHMIEngineering Workstation

Station Bus – RSTP Ring

Process Bus – PRP LAN A (RSTP Ring)

GPS Clock-1

Process Bus – PRP LAN B (RSTP Ring)

Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)

Pros• No network configuration needed• Easily able to connect additional IEDs or plug in for testing

Cons• Multiple network switches required

High Availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR)

Pros• No network configuration needed• Network switches not required, network design less

complex

Cons• Bandwidth limited• Redbox required to connect testing

equipment• Adding IED more difficult

Time SynchronizationProcess bus requires accurate time

synchronization of merging units.• Loss of time synchronization

leads to undesirable protection system performance

Can be rela tive: • individual merging units

synchronized to a given source, e.g. 1 PPS, individual relays

• Merging units synchronized to each other in network

Can be absolute:• External time source to

synchronize merging units• Required for synchrophasors• Better than 1 µsec accuracy

IEEE 1588 -2008• C37.238-2011• IEC 61850-9-3• C37.238-2017

SNTP

From IEC 61850-5

Time Synchronization

PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP

GPS Clock- 2

SNTP, PTP

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

Merging Unit + I/O

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

ProtectionRelay

GatewayHMIEngineering Workstation

Station Bus – RSTP Ring

Process Bus – PRP LAN A (RSTP Ring)

GPS Clock-1

Process Bus – PRP LAN B (RSTP Ring)

SNTPSNTP, PTP

PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP

PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP

SNTP

PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP PTP

Network Traffic Segregation• Traffic Segregation is important• MAC Filtering• VLANs• ACL

IED A: GOOSE Publishing Parameters

Thank You

Questions?