Idemitsu - Chemical Handling

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Seminar Towards Safe And Healthy Working CultureJohor Skills Development Centre PUSPATRI)

17 July 2009

Hotel Selesa, Pasir Gudang

By:

Mohd Shahriwan Idris

Pengendali an Bahan Kimia Berbahaya


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Person At Work

Mechanical

Electrical

Ergonomic Noise

Heat

Pressure

Height

Hazardous chemicals/gaseous/dust

Odor/Mist/Vapor

Bacteria/Virus

SARS/Aids/Bloodborne

Pathogen/Influenza

Sexual harrestment

Work pressure

Family

Drug/alcohol


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Legal requirement pertaining to hazardouschemicals to health in Malaysia:

Factories And Machinery Act 1967

Environmental Quality Act 1974

Petroleum (Safety Measures) Act 1984

Occupational Safety And Health Act 1994

Philosophy And Principles


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Chemicals Hazardous To Health

Listed in Schedule I of the Occupational Safety AndHealth (Use And Standards Of Exposure Of ChemicalsHazardous To Health) Regulations 2000;

Possesses any of the properties categorized in part Bof Schedule I of the Occupational Safety And Health(Classification, Packaging And Labeling) Regulations1997;

Comes within the definition of pesticides under thePesticides Act 1974;

Is listed in the First Schedule of the EnvironmentalQuality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005


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Principles Of Health Risk Control

st Principle

All hazards can be control in some manner and to somedegree

nd Principle

There are usually many alternate methods of control

rd Principle

Some methods are better than others

th Principle

Some situations will require more than onecontrol method to obtain optimum results

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2

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Practicable

Have been used on Regulation 14 with respect to the reduction ofexposure to the lowest practicable level. The practicability dependson four factors as follows:

The severity of the hazards or risk in questions

The state of knowledge about the hazard or risk and any wayof removing or mitigating the hazard or risk

The availability and suitability ofways to remove or mitigate thehazard or risk; and

The cost of removing ormitigatingthe hazard or risk


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Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

Reg. 6 (I) Part III of USECHH 2000

Employer to ensure exposure to person to anychemicals hazardous to health listed in Schedule I atno time exceed the ceiling limit.

How to measure exposure limit is exceeded or not ?PEL ceiling limit or an eight-hour time-weightedaverage airborne concentration or maximum exposurelimit.

Monitoring PEL or MEL

PEL do not represent safe level.Keep the level of exposure as

low as practicable.


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Control Measures Under Reg. 15

Elimination Of Hazard / Risk

Work activity/process involve use of a hazardouschemicals that is not essential, eliminate whereverpracticable.

Using a physical process rather than a chemicalprocess to clean an object, eg. Ultrasoniccleaning;

Using clips, clamps or bolts instead of anadhesive;

Purchasing supplies of materials in already cutand sized form rather than carrying out dustproducing cutting process on site.

1.


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Substitution

Substitute of materialsReplacing a chlorinated degreasing solventwith detergent;

Using a water based paint in place of an organic solvent

based paint;Using a chemical in paste or pallet form rather than adusty powder;

Using a lead free solder paste rather than a lead basedsolder.

Substitute of process or equipment

Brush application of paint rather than aerosolapplication;

Dipping in a paint bath rather than spray painting.

2.Control Measures Under Reg. 15


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IsolationRemoving the source of hazard exposure from workers by:

Placing the source in another location

Enclosing or shielding the source with physical barrier

Automating the process in a closed system or separation by

distance or the use of barrier to prevent exposure;Removal and storage of materials in a separate location.

Tank farms separated from the process area

Automated process are used in chemicalprocessing and petroleum refining

Heat barriers and soundproof enclosures

Removal of worker to a control room that isseparate from the processing plant/area.

3.

Examples of application:



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Engineering Control

Plant, process or equipment that minimize the generation ofhazardous substances, suppress or contain hazardoussubstances or limit the area of contamination in the event ofspill or leak.

Ventilated booth for spraypainting

Robot welding

LEV attached to grindingmachines

Automation of the removal ofobjects from degreasing baths

Closed reaction vessels

4.



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Form Of Safe Work Of System

LEVConcept remove contaminants at source

Design- Approved by P.E.- Built according to design

specifications- Tested by P.E.

Capture Velocity

The velocity that that is necessaryto control the contaminant at thefarthest distance from the hood.Determined by:

- Velocity & direction- Quantity of contaminants- Secondary air current

- Toxicity- Size of exhaust hood- Escape point

Test, Inspect, Examination & Maintenance

- By Hygiene Tech.- Defined intervals not more than 12 months

Record Keeping- Kept by employer- Inspected at appropriate

intervals by employer whichshall not be longer than onemonth


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Safe Work System And Practices

Is a formal work procedures in order to identify allhazards, eliminate it and minimized risks.

It integrates men, machineries and materials.Documented hazard precautions use in OJT.

General duties of employer under Section 15 ofOSHA 1994.

5.



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Steps To SafeSystem Of Work

Component of safe system of work People, Machinery, Plant, Equipment,Materials, Environment & Place Of Work

Identify the hazards

Define safe methodsImplement the

system

Monitor thesystem

Assess the risk

- What is used?- Who does what?- Where the task carried out?- How the task is done?

- JSA / HIRARC -Inspection/audit

- Procedures- Reports- Records- Feedback

- Consider preparation & authorization at the start of the job- Ensure clear planning of job sequence- Specify safe work method -Include mean of access & escape if relevant -

Consider the task of dismantling, disposal at the end of the job

- Periodic check- System OK- Carried effectively- Changes require

alteration



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Form Of Safe Work Of System

PTW

LOTO

Safe Operating Procedures

Rules & Procedures

Verbal

Define the workHow to make it safeIdentify hazardPrecaution takenDescribes checking methodIdentify Responsibilities

- Confined space- Hot work- Working at height- Electrical work

Locking off means machines is put to a safe condition by aperson (s) about to make adjustment or perform certainmaintenance function

Written system detailing step by step instruction on how toperform a task safely

HI H RISK

LOW RISK


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Personal Protective Equipment6.Most of employers choice.

Very simple settle most of the hazard/risk.

Cheap

Did not eliminate hazard/risk.

Use with other control measures.



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Control Of Carcinogens

What is Carcinogen?

Chemical substances which have been identified as suspected orestablished carcinogens or substances associated with industrial processeswhich have been identified under Schedule II, Regulation 27(2) andclassified as carcinogens in CLP Regulations 1997.

How To Control Exposure To Carcinogen?

Total enclosure

Minimize & control spills, leaks, dust, fumes & vapors at plant or process

Limit quantities at place of work

Minimized person exposure

Prohibit eating, drinking and smoking at carcinogenic area

Hygiene measures washing facilities & regular cleaning of walls

Warning signs on carcinogenic areas

Safe storage, handling & disposal closed and clearly labeled containers


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Other Control Measures

onitoring

Legal Requirement

Procedure

Record

General

- Use valid & suitable techniques.- Quantitative estimation of exposure.- Results compared to exposure

standard.- Approved method of analysis.- Determine the effectiveness of control

measure.

- CHRA by an approved Assessor.- Monitoring exposure done by a

Hygiene Technician.- Monitoring chemicals under Schedule

II interval not more than 6 month.- Maintain record of monitoring for at

least 30 years.

- When & how monitoring to bedone.

- Sampling procedure & analyticalmethod.

- Frequency.- How results to be interpreted.

- Kept in any form.- Readily retrievable &

understood.- Can be compared with any

health records required underthe health surveillancerequirements.


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Occupational Medical Surveillance

Any examination and investigations to detectexposure levels and early biological effects andresponses, and includes biological monitoring,biological effect monitoring, medical

surveillance, enquires about symptoms ofoccupational poisoning or occupational diseaseand review of records and occupational history.

Monitoring of a person for the purpose ofidentifying changes in health status due tooccupational exposure to chemicals hazardousto health.

- Periodic medical examination- Biological monitoring and biological effectmonitoring- Health effects monitoring

- Investigation of occupational disease andpoisoning including workplaceinspections

- Notification of occupational disease andpoisoning

- Assist in disability assessment- Return to work examination after medical

removal protection.

- Record keeping and monitoring

Health Surveillance

Medical Surveillance

Component Of MedicalSurveillance


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Information, Instruction And Training

Nature & degree of risk to health substance involved &factors that may increase the risk

Control measures adopted reason, how to use properly

Reason for PPE & clothing what job necessary

Monitoring procedures arrangement for access to resultsand notification if a maximum exposure limits exceeded

Health surveillance duty to attend, arrangement for access toindividual health records and the collective results of healthsurveillance.

Records documented

Review at least once in 2 years, changes in hazard /chemicals & assigned a new task/area.


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Labeling And Re-labeling

Labeling

Easy identification by product name during handling. According to CPL Regulations 1997 & Guidelines on the Labeling OfHazardous Chemical 1998

Re-labeling

When the labels are removed, defaced, modified or altered while thechemical hazardous to health is being used.

Chemical is transferred to another container other than the originalcontainer.

Re-labeling requirement depend on whether the substance is consumed

immediately or over a longer period of time .If used within a normal shift label with the chemical name of trade name asper the original label. The container need not to be re-labeled if the chemicalis used immediately.Container containing pesticides & scheduled wastes shall be re-labeled inaccordance with the requirements of each relevant legal requirement.


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Access To CSDS Keep At Place For

Easy Access

Safe Handling OfHazardous Chemicals

Hard Copy Or SoftCopy

Latest Revision

Copies Readily Available For

Reference/Training

Chemical Safety Data Sheet (CSDS)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c4/GHS_carcinogen_sign.svg


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Warning Signs

Posted at every entrance

Other relevant information aregiven likely to be at risk

Illuminated & cleaned readilyvisible

Features Of Warning Signs:

- Give warning of the hazard

- Both language

- Attract attention

Standard Specifications:

- MS 980

- MS 981

- MS 982

- MS 983


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1. Menghidu (Inhalation)2. Penyerapan Melalui Kulit (Skin

Absorption) Mata Atau Kulit3. Tertelan (Ingestion)4. Cara Lain?

Method Of Exposure

How Can Chemical Hazardous To Health Enters AHuman Body?


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Health Effect Of Chemicals

Hazardous To Health

Acute Effect)Chronic/Long Term EffectReversible Effect

Irreversible Effect


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Factors Influence Toxicity Hazardous Chemical

Route of exposure Type of chemical Physicochemical

properties Duration of exposure Concentration of exposure Effects of chemicals

interaction

Age Sex Allergies Genetic make-up Immunological status Nutritional status Concurrent disease

Chemicals Human


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Idemitsu - Chemical Handling

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