ICT353/532  Advanced  Business  Analysis  &  Design  

Topic  1  Systems  Analysis  and  Design  Revisited  

Ronald  K.  Shiflet  shiflet@secure.com.sg  

About  the  Lecturer  

Name   Ronald  K.  Shiflet  

Consul:ng  (22  yrs)   Director,  Secure  Informa:on  Technologies  

Teaching  (11  yrs)   UoMachester,  UoWollongong,  UniSIM,  Murdoch,  etc.  

Educa:on  (BSc)   Computer  Informa:on  Systems  –  DeVry  Ins:tute,  Chicago  

Educa:on  (MSc)   Telecommunica:ons    -­‐  DePaul  University,  Chicago  

Hobbies   Horse  Riding  and  Scuba  Diving  

Introduc:on  

Suggested  Readings  &  Resources  

The  following  two  systems  analysis  and  design  books  that  include  

object  oriented  analysis  and  design  :  

•  Miles,  R.  and  Hamilton,  K.  (2006)  Learning  UML  2.0,  O'Reilly  

Media,  Inc.  Electronic  copy  available  in  library.  

•  Fowler,  M.  (2003)  UML  dis:lled:  A  brief  guide  to  the  standard  

object  modelling  language,  Addison-­‐Wesley.  Electronic  copy  

available  in  library  

And  any  other  “good”  books  /  ar:cles  on  the  topic.    

Suggested  Readings  &  Resources  

You  are  also  highly  recommended  to  read  the  following  :  

•  Avison,  D.  E.,  &  Fitzgerald,  G.  (2003).  Where  now  for  development  methodologies?  Communica)ons  of  the  ACM,  

46(1),  78-­‐82.    

•  Dobing,  B.,  &  Parsons,  J.  (2006).  How  UML  is  used.  Communica)ons  of  the  ACM,  49(5),  109-­‐113.    

•  Lang,  M.,  &  Fitzgerald,  B.  (2006).  New  branches,  old  roots:  A  study  of  methods  and  techniques  in  web/hypermedia  systems  design.  Informa)on  Systems  Management,  23(3),  62-­‐74.  

Learning  Objec:ves  Aker  comple:ng  this  topic  you  should  be  able  to:    

•  Describe  how  approaches  to  system  development  differ  

•  Read  the  main  kinds  of  model  developed  as  part  of  system  development  and  know  when,  and  why,  they  are  used  

•  Discuss  the  research  on  how  systems  development  methodologies  and  techniques  have  been  used  in  organisa:ons  

Some  Terms  

•  Systems  analysis  is  usually  defined  as  those  stages  of  a  development  project  that  primarily  focus  on  the  business  problem,  independent  of  any  technology  that  can  or  will  be  used  to  implement  a  solu  :on  to  that  problem.  

•  Systems  design  is  usually  defined  as  those  tasks  in  a  project  that  primarily  focus  on  the  specifica:on  of  a  detailed  computer-­‐based  solu:on.    

More  Terms  

•  Systems  analysis    versus  business  analysis  –    what  is  the  difference  if  any?    

•  Systems  analyst  versus  business  analyst  –  how  do  these  jobs  differ?  

•  AFTER  CLASS  EXERCISE  RELATES  TO  THIS  …  MORE  LATER  

More  Terms  

•  The  system  development  lifecycle  (SDLC)  is  the  en:re  process  of  building,  deploying,  using  and  upda:ng  an  informa:on  system.  

•  What  phases  does/can  the  system  development  lifecycle  include?  

More  Terms  

•  A  system  development  methodology  is  a  very  formal  and  precise  system  development  process  that  defines  a  set  of  ac:vi:es,  methods,  best  prac:ces,  deliverables,  and  automated  tools  that  system  developers  and  project  managers  are  to  use  to  develop  informa:on  systems.  

•  What  are  some  examples  of  system  development  methodologies?  

How  do  approaches  to  system  development  differ?    

How  do  object  oriented  approaches  differ  from  structured  approaches?    

How  Do  Approaches  Differ?  

Approaches  to  system  development  differ  in  various  ways  including:    •  Whether  the  focus  is  on  building  or  buying  sokware  solu:ons  

•  Whether  process  is  prescrip:ve  or  adap:ve  •  Whether  development  is  sequen:al  or  itera:ve  •  Whether  development  is  model  driven  or  product  driven  (rapid  applica:on  development)  

Approaches  (ctd)  

Building  or  buying  soPware  soluQons:  •  Methodologies  may  emphasize  either  building  sokware  solu:ons  in-­‐house  or  buying  a  commercial  sokware  solu:on.  Many  of  the  same  analysis  and  design  techniques  are  applicable  in  both  situa:ons  

PrescripQve  or  adapQve:  •  Prescrip:ve  methodologies  insist  on  all  steps  being  followed  exactly,  whereas  adap:ve  ones  allow  for  change  within  certain  guidelines    

Approaches  (ctd)  SequenQal  or  iteraQve:  

•  SequenQal  –  an  approach  to  systems  analysis  and  design  that  completes  each  phase  one  aker  another  and  only  once.  eg:  Waterfall  development  approach.  

•  IteraQve  -­‐  an  approach  to  systems  analysis  and  design  that  completes  the  en:re  informa:on  system  in  successive  itera:ons.  Each  itera:on  does  some  analysis,  some  design,  and  some  construc:on.  Synonyms  include  incremental  and  spiral.  

“Waterfall”  Approach  to  the  SDLC  

Modified  Waterfall  Approach  with  Overlapping  Phases  

Itera:ve  Approach  

Spiral  Life  Cycle  Model  

Approaches  (ctd)  Model  driven  or  product  driven:  

•  Model-­‐driven  development  techniques  emphasise  the  drawing  of  models  to  help  visualise  and  analyse  problems,  define  requirements,  and  design  systems.    

•  Process  modelling    •  Data  modelling  •  Object  modelling    

•  Product  driven  techniques  tend  to  emphasize  extensive  user  involvement  in  rapid  prototyping  of  a  system  (rapid  applica:on  development)  or  emphasize  wri:ng  code  as  soon  as  possible  (eg.  eXtreme  Programming).  

What  is  the  difference  between    SAD  (System  Analysis  and  Design)  

modelling  techniques    and  methodologies?    

What  SAD  modelling  techniques  do  you  know?    

Context  Data  Flow  Diagram  

MemberServicesSystem

PotentialMember

ClubMember

MarketingDepartment

Warehouse

AccountsReceivable

PastMember

MemberServices

various Inquiry Reponses

various Sales Reports

variousPromotion Reports

Subscription Offer

Member Order

New Subscription

Promotion

Subscription Renewal

Resubscription Offervarious MemberReports

various Subscription Reports

Subscription ProgramNew Promotion

Revised Packing Order

MemberCreditStatus

MemberServicesSystem

PotentialMember

ClubMember

MarketingDepartment

Warehouse

AccountsReceivable

PastMember

MemberServices

various Inquiry Reponses

various Sales Reports

variousPromotion Reports

Subscription Offer

Member Order

New Subscription

Promotion

Subscription Renewal

Resubscription Offervarious MemberReports

various Subscription Reports

Subscription ProgramNew Promotion

Revised Packing Order

MemberCreditStatus

System  Data  Flow  Diagram  

Generate Order Analysis

Report Process

Member Order Cancelation

Process Member Order

Revision

Process Subscription

Order

Process Member Order

Club Directors Time Warehouse

Warehouse

Member

Member Member

Member Ordered Products

Products

Transactions Products

Member Orders Member Orders

Members Members

Inventory Commitment Product and Availability

Address

New Member Order

New Member Ordered Products

Member Order

Cancelation Notice

Updated Member Deleted

Member Order

Deleted Member Ordered Products

Order Analysis

Report

End of Day

Ordered Products

Packing Order Packing Order

Member Order Confirmation

Inventory Commitment

Product and Availability

Updated Member from Updated Order

Updated Member Ordered Products

Updated Member

Order

Member

New Member Ordered

Products

Relevant Transactions

Inventory Commitmen

t

Product and Availability

New Member

Updated Member from Order

Member

Subscription Order

Confirmation Member Order Confirmation

Revised Packing Order

Member Order Cancelation

Member Order

Change Request

Subscription Order Member Order

Use  Case  Diagram  

En:ty  Rela:onship  Diagram  

Author

PK AuthorID

AuthorFirstName AuthorLastName Address1 Address2 City State ZipCode AuthorEmail AuthorPhoneNum BestTimeToCall PhoneDescription

Employee

PK EmployeeID

EmployeeType EmployeeLastName EmployeeFirstName EmployeeEmail BaseSalary PromotionCommission

Book

PK BookID

FK1 AuthorID ISBN BookTitle BookSubTitle NumPages PenName CommissionFK2 ShepherdID

Call

PK,FK1 AuthorIDPK,FK2 EmployeeID

CallDate CallTime CallNotes Sale

ProductionTask

PK,FK1 BookIDPK,FK2 TaskID

FK3 EmployeeID TaskBegin TaskEnd Notes

Task

PK TaskID

TaskDescription

Royalty

PK,FK1 BookIDPK,FK2 SourceIDPK QuarterPK Year

NumberSales NetSales

RoyalySource

PK SourceID

SourceName

ProductionTaskNotes

PK,FK2 BookIDPK,FK2 TaskIDPK EmployeeID

Note Date

Class  Diagram  

Ac:vity  Diagram  

System    Sequence    Diagram  

Sequence  Diagram  

State  Machine  Diagram  

Course  Assessment  You  will  be  assessed  on  the  basis  of…  

  Assessment   DescripQon   Value   Due  Date  

Par:cipa:on   Contribu:on  to  group  discussions,  student  grading  and  weekly  exercises  

10%   Weekly  

Presenta:on   Presenta:on  &  Notes  of  1  reading  Notes  of  a  2nd  reading    

10%   Various  

Essay   Topic  agreement  with  lecturer   25%   Week  5  

Essay  on  Biz  Analysis  &  Design  Due   Week  8  

Biz  Process  Modeling   Analyze,  model  &  redesign  a  process   25%   Week  12  

Examina:on   Extended  response  ques:ons   30%   Assessment  period  

Course  Assessment  ParQcipaQon…  This  unit  does  not  have  formal  lectures,  the  classes  will  be  interac:ve.    

There  are  readings  for  each  topic  and  you  are  expected  to  have  read  them  before  class,  in  order  to  be  able  to  contribute  to  the  discussion  of  the  weekly  topic.    

You  will  also  have  aPer  class  exercises  some  weeks  and  you  will  be  expected  to  complete  them  before  the  next  class.  Par:cipa:on  will  be  assessed  as  follows:  •  Evidence  of  prepara:on  for  class  •  Overall  par:cipa:on  in  discussions  over  the  semester.  •  Grading  of  other  student’s  presenta:ons  •  Comple:on  of  aker  class  exercises.  Aker  class  exercises  should  be  

submised  via  the  ICT353  LMS  site  before  the  next  class.  They  will  not  be  accepted  if  they  are  more  than  one  week  overdue.  

 

Course  Assessment  Essay…  

•  This  assignment  will  involve    

•  conduc:ng  a  review  of  the  recent  literature  on  some  aspect  of  business  analysis  and  design  of  interest  to  you  

•  presenQng  what  you  have  found  in  wrisen  form.    

•  analyzing  what  you  have  found  (a  synthesis  of  informa:on)  

•  commenQng  in  your  own  words  (adding  to  what  you  found)  

•  no  copy-­‐and-­‐paste,  and  no  Wikipedia!  

•  You  must  obtain  approval  for  your  topic  from  the  lecturer  by  Week  5.  

•  You  must  submit  your  finished  essay  in  Week  8.  

Course  Assessment  Business  Process  Modeling  Assignment…  

In  this  assignment  you  will    

•  Analyse  •  Model  

•  Redesign    a  business  process  of  an  organisa:on.  

Form  Your  Groups  Choose  your  Partner  NOW    

Select  a  partner  for  your  group  (2  persons  per  group)  

Email  your  group  details  to  shiflet@secure.com.sg  •  Group  Name  (make  it  fun  –  don’t  spend  3  hours  on  it)  

•  Member  1  Name,  Email,  Mobile  (mobile  is  opQonal)  

•  Member  2  Name,  Email,  Mobile  (mobile  is  opQonal)  

 

Aker  Class  Ac:vity  1  Submit  Online  before  Tuesday,  September  13th  (4  pm)  

Visit  www.seek.com.au  and  jobsdb.com.sg  looking  at  several  systems  analysis  job  adver:sements,  and  several  business  analyst  job  adver:sements.    

•  What  kinds  of  skills  are  asked  for  in  these  posi:ons?    

•  How  do  the  required  skill  sets  appear  to  differ?    

•  Are  any  par:cular  system  development  methodologies  men:oned  in  the  adver:sements?  

Submit  your  answer  online  in  a  Word  document