ICOE 2012 Wave Dragon

7/16/2019 ICOE 2012 Wave Dragon

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Wave Dragon # 1Erik Friis-Madsen

The development of a 1.5 MW Wave Dragon North Sea Demonstrator

Erik Friis-Madsen, H.C.Soerensen and S. ParmeggianiWave Dragon ApS * Aalborg University

Denmark




Total global coal production increased by 6.6% in 2011 – the twelfthconsecutive year of growth – according to the International Energy

Agency. Global energy demand increased by over 3%.

If the energy demand continue to grow at this rate, it will be

necessary to exploit many different kinds of renewable technologiesalso several ocean energy technology types to keep the long-term

increase of global temperature below 2° Celsius.

At a meeting 13 August 2012 the IEA Executive Director Ms. van

der Hoeven stressed that energy prices need to reflect the true costof energy. “That means pricing carbon and abolishing fossil fuel

subsidies – subsidies which in 2011 were almost seven times

higher than support for renewables,” she said.

Too much support for renewable energy?




Technical Potential of Renewable Energy (ExaJoules)

Bio-

mass

Hydro Solar Wind Geo-

thermal

Ocean Total

World 283 50 1,570 580 1,401 730 4,614

Current use 50 10 0.2 0.2 2 0 62.4

Total primary energy

supply420

Source: Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development and Ministry for the Environment,

Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety: Conference Issue Paper, Renewables 2004 – International

Conference for Renewables Energies, Bonn 2004, p.27.




Power from w ind , waves and t idal stream




Wave Energy Devices: four families

Heaving Devices:OPT, Aquabuoy

Pitching Devices:Pelamis, Salter’s Duck

Oscillating WaterColumn: Pico, Limpet

OvertoppingDevices:

Wave Dragon


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/icoe-2012-wave-dragon 7/45Wave Dragon # 7Erik Friis-Madsen

• Wave energy focusing

• OvertoppingAbsorption

• Above sea level reservoir Storage

• Low-head variable speed propeller

turbines

• PM generators & frequency

inverters

Power-take-off

The Wave Dragon Technology



Reflector Ramp

Reservoir Turbines

Floating Barge + River Hydro Power Station = Wave Dragon

The Wave Dragon Technology



Reservoir Waves overtopping the

doubly curved ramp

Wave Dragon principle

Climate Power - Production__

12 kW/m 1½ MW 4 GWh/y/unit

24 kW/m 4 MW 12 GWh/y/unit

36 kW/m 7 MW 20 GWh/y/unit48 kW/m 12 MW 35 GWh/y/unit

Turbine outlet

Wave reflector



57 m wide 200 tonnes

Wave Dragon prototype

with 7 turbines deployed

and connected to the gridin 2003 as worlds first

floating WEC

Full scale Wave Dragon

device sizes



Remote control



Turbine operation and power production

Example:

• Four power producing turbines in continous

operation

• Three dummy turbines handles overtopping

variation




Wave Dragon prototype experience

☺ It works! Power delivered to the grid

☺ 20,000 hours operational track record☺ Wave energy absorption performance verified

☺ Offshore wave energy is a reality




Ice and WEC’s is a bad combination!The prototype was designed for a 3 year life time, but was not scrapped

until 2011 after more than 8 years of operations.




Old model in AAU’sdeep water basin

Numerical model




Suggested revised layout of the

main structural members of the

platform




1:50 Model test 100 year wave




Cylinder gate turbines running




Back up

slides




Wave Dragon Advantages

• Offshore

Low environmental impact. No visual impact, fewer internationaldesignations.

High wave energy resources. Seabed friction causes great loss of

energy in depths below 30 m.

Plenty of suitable sites.

• Overtopping

Non-resonating structure. Lower risk of damage in largest sea

states as structure does not move, largest waves pass over

device.

Scaleable. Size can be increased to give performance

improvements.

Large-sized. Ease of access for maintenance, can host wind turbine.

Passive survival mode. Long life and low O&M costs




Animation: LOKE film




Fixed wave energy devices




Floating wave energy devices




Power plant size

Wave Dragon




Wave Dragon objectivesTo develop Wave Dragon to a power plant unit of 4 to 11 MW with

a production price of 0.04 €/kWh

0,00

0,05

0,10

0,15

0,20

0,25

0,30

0,35

1 9 8 5

1 9 8 7

1 9 8 9

1 9 9 1

1 9 9 3

1 9 9 5

1 9 9 7

1 9 9 9

2 0 0 1

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 5

€/kWh Wind

Wave

Source:

EU Wave Net 2002 and Risø

Target year 2016




Construction The Wave Dragon unit will be constructed at a

port, close to the deployment site. Themanufacturing of the reinforced concretestructure is straight forward using standardmethods from the civil engineering field.

Distance between tips of arms 300m

Arm length 145m

Length (tip of arm to rear of central

housing)

170m

Maximum height above sea level 6-3m

Draught 11-14m

O ti l E i




Operational Experience

Turbine Design




Mooring A catenary mooring solution is considered a feasible option because of its

ability to absorb large peak loads.Design and construction of large offshore foundations, sub seainstallations and handling of heavy components and equipment is a wellestablished discipline within the offshore wind, oil and gas industries.




Wave Dragon – published data

Wave Dragon unit power production

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

kW/m

G W h / y

4 MW &

260 m wide

7 MW &

300 m wide

11 MW &

390 m wide

15 MW &390 m wide

Wave climate First device After deploymentof 100’s

24 kW/m 0.11 €/kWh 0.054 €/kWh

36 kW/m 0.083 €/kWh 0.040 €/kWh

48 kW/m 0.061 €/kWh 0.030 €/kWh

Table 8.2: Wave Dragon expected cost in €/ kWh.

Wave climate First device After deploymentof 100’s

24 kW/m 4,000 €/kW 2,300 €/kW

36 kW/m 3,200 €/kW 1,875 €/kW

48 kW/m 2,700 €/kW 1,575 €/kW

Table 8.1: Wave Dragon expected capital cost in €/ kW pri ce.

7 MW it W l 2011




7

5,5

4

2,5

15 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Power

Waveheight, significant,

meters

Wave peak period in seconds

7 MW site Wales 2011

Grid connection

Ship traffic

Wave climate

d k




www.wavedragon.co.uk

Wave Dragon Wales Ltd

www.wavedragon.net

W D the team




Wave Dragon – the team

PMMS, Consent and CDM (UK)

(CMACS, Osiris, Wessex, Anatec, Enviros)

University Wales Swansea, environment,

PTO (UK)Warsaw University IEEE, Inverter PTO (PL)

Dr. Techn. Olav Olsen, Concept design (N)

NIRAS AS, Consulting Engineer,

Wave models (DK)

ESBI Engineering Ltd., Grid issues, PTO (IE/UK)

Aalborg University – Hydraulics & CoastalEngineering Laboratory (DK)

Technical University Munich,

Hydro turbine design (D)

Kössler Ges.m.b.H., Manufacturer of

hydro turbines (A)

Balslev A/S, Consulting Engineers - electrical

and automation systems (DK)Wave Energy Centre, Wavetrain (PT)

Wave Dragon ApS/Ltd, Coordination,

technology (DK/UK)

(SPOK ApS, Löwenmark FRI, Nöhrlind Ltd)

TecDragon SA, Development Portugal (PT)




How visible is a WD power plant?

Seen from 100 feet above sea level and at a distance of 5km

Under the horizon at a distance of 10km




www.wavedragon.net

Wales project:

www.wavedragon.co.uk



First offshore wave energy converter

producing power to the grid, May ’03

ICOE 2012 Wave Dragon

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