Iclicker Deforestation and Park Management.

Question 1

In which of the following states or areas would you NOT find significant amounts of old-growth forests?

A. New EnglandB. AppalachiaC. British ColumbiaD. Washington StateE. California

2/3 of Europe’s old growth forests are gone and 95-98% of the U.S.’s as well.

Question 2

The most common use of trees worldwide is as…

A. pulp in paper production

B. lumber for buildingC. fuelwoodD. raw material in the

manufacture of various synthetics

E. medicines

Question 3

The world’s largest importer of wood products is…?

A. GermanyB. The United StatesC. JapanD. CanadaE. China

If you are discussing Tropical wood its Japan

If you are discussing exporters of wood its Canada

Question 4

If after one cut a forest looked like the picture to the right what cutting method may have been used.

A. selective cuttingB. seed-tree cuttingC. clear cuttingD. shelterwood cuttingE. strip cutting

Seed-tree cutting – harvests most of a stand’s trees in one cutting leaving a few uniformly distributed trees to regenerate the stand.

Question 5Which of the following statements is

FALSE? A. Wildlife and mature trees are

relatively unharmed by surface fires.

B. Frequent surface fires increase the chances of crown fires

C. Surface fires release minerals that are locked up in vegetation

D. Surface fires may actually benefit some plant species and some game animals

E. Surface fires help control pathogens and insects

Fires can be very useful to ecosystems. They do return nutrients, lower competition, eliminate invasive species, and cut down on fuel building up on the forest floor. Humans have suppressed fire so much that fuel often builds up to dangerous levels so that when a fire does occur it turns into a crown fire.

Question 6What is a conservation easement?A. A purchase of land by a private

organization for conservation purposesB. A purchase of land by a government for

conservation purposesC. A legal agreement exchanging public

debt for land for conservation purposesD. A legal agreement where the landowner

gives up development rights on his land in exchange for money or tax breaks

E. A legal agreement where a landowner agrees to let the government only develop the land in exchange for tax breaks

For a forest landowner, the primary purpose of a forest conservation easement is to protect timber resources and other natural resources such as wildlife, water, and open space by separating the right to subdivide and build on the property from other rights of ownership.

The landowner who gives up development rights continues to own and manage the land.

Typically, governments and conservation groups buy easements. Also, there may be significant tax advantages for donating a conservation easement.

Question 7

Which of the following is not a ruminant?

A. CowB. PigC. SheepD. GoatE. Deer

A ruminant is a mammal that digests plant-based food by initially softening it within the animal's first stomach, then regurgitating the semi-digested mass, now known as cud, and chewing it again.

Examples include; cattle, goats, sheep, giraffes, bison, yaks, water buffalo, deer, camels, alpacas, llamas, wildebeest, antelope, pronghorn, and nilgai.

Question 8

Which of the following are grass species that increase in abundance with heavy to moderate grazing?

A. DecreasesB. IncreasersC. InvadersD. Riparian grassesE. Invasive grasses

•Decreasers - grass species that decline in abundance w/ moderate grazing•Increasers - those species that increase w/ moderate to heavy grazing•Invaders - plants that colonize an area because of major changes in rangeland conditions

Question 9

Which of the following is managed on a multiple-use basis?

A. national wildlife refugesB. national wilderness

areasC. national parksD. national resource landsE. all of the above

National forests, grasslands, and resource lands are used on multiple use basis. Hunting, mining, logging, etc.

Wildlife refuge is moderately restricted and can only do above with department of interior approval.

Parks are restricted use but still have roads.

Wilderness areas are restricted with no roads and are usually interior sections of parks.

Question 10

What is the leading cause of tropical deforestation?

A. Shifting cultivationB. Lumber and industrial

processes.C. Mining and petroleum

industries.D. Paper and fiber

productionE. Forest fires.

Reduce the damage by slowing population growth and discouraging poor from moving to the tropical forestsEstablish programs to teach populations small scale sustainable agriculture.

Question 11

What is a riparian buffer?a. Buffers meant to hide the

effects of logging.b. Thin strips of vegetation

for preserving waterway quality and surrounding areas.

c. Land set aside for grazing, agriculture, etc.

d. Replanted old growth forests.

Question 12Which of the following is most likely to

occur in a forested region that has been recently clear-cut?

A The concentration of nitrates in streams running through the region will increase

B The average depth of topsoil will increase

C The water temperature in streams running through the region will decrease

D Volume of runoff after rains will decrease

E The frequency of landslides will decrease

Roots hold soil in place without them there will be increased runnoff.

Included in that run off would be soil nutrients.

Question 13

Overgrazing of public land by privately owned livestock is an example of the

A. tragedy of the commonsB. right of eminent domainC. rule of seventyD. principle of manifest

destinyE. swapping of debt for

nature

The tragedy of the commons is a dilemma arising from the situation in which multiple individuals, acting independently, and solely and rationally consulting their own self-interest, will ultimately deplete a shared limited resource even when it is clear that it is not in anyone's long-term interest for this to happen.