Diapozitivul 1

ICDGNote de curs

RmRmRxoRxoRtRt

carotajul inductiv

Caracteristicile de investigare radial i vertical

53

AIT-BMultiple Frequencies105.3, 52.65, 26.325 KhzMultiple Channels4 Analog Boards4 BPF Boards2 Preamp Boards1 Cal UnitComplex Digital CircuitryDownhole Controller2 Interface BoardsTelemetry BoardExtensive Built in TestabilityAIT-H/HBSingle Frequency26.325 KhzSingle Channel (Multiplexed)1 Analog Board1 BPF/Preamp Board1 Cal/Rm BoardSimple Digital CircuitryDSP/TEL/CAN BoardMinimum Built in Testability

POROZITATEA

Minerale argiloase principale. Scurt caracterizare.(dup Schlumberger, 1990, 1991)

Minerale argiloase principale. Scurt caracterizare.(dup Schlumberger, 1990, 1991)

Relaii posibile ale K, U i Th cu mediile depoziionale(dup Western Atlas International, "Introduction to Wireline Log Analysis", 1992)

Modul de distributie a argilei n roci

85NEUTRONSIn the literature, there is a fairly classification of neutron energies, En:Fast neutrons En > 500 keVIntermediate neutrons 1 keV < En < 500 keVSlow neutrons En < 1 keVSlow neutrons are subdivided into:Epithermal neutrons 0.1 eV < En < 1KeVThermal neutrons En 0.1ev

Interaction of neutrons with mediumThere are three major types of interaction of neutron with matter: inelastic scattering, elastic scattering and radiation capture.Inelastic scattering. Inelastic scattering of neutrons occurs at relatively high energy levels. A neutron, , interacts with a nucleus, , and forms a compound nucleus in an excited state with mass number A+1. This compound nucleus decays very rapidly to the ground state while emitting a neutron and a -ray. (1.19)

Interaction of neutrons with matter Elastic scattering. Elastic scattering is most common neutron reaction because occur at any neutron level energy. The incident neutron give up only kinetic energy and can be written:(1.20)

The ratio of the final energy to the initial energy Ef, to the initial energy Ei , when a neutron interacts elastically with a nucleus, is:

Valoarea minim posibil a lui Ef

Fenomenul de difuzie viteza de descretere a densitii de neutroni termici este compus din dou pri:o parte datorat fenomenului de absorbie;o parte datorat fenomenului de difuzie.Fenomenul de difuzie

v viteza medie a neutronilor termici; este fluxul de neutroni termici;operatorul Laplacian;seciunea macroscopic de captur(absorbie);D coeficientul de difuzie;Fenomenul de difuzie

v viteza medie a neutronilor termici; este fluxul de neutroni termici;operatorul Laplacian;seciunea macroscopic de captur(absorbie);D coeficientul de difuzie;

Radiation capture. Neutrons can be captured at any energy level, but the most probability that reaction to occur is for neutrons with thermal energy. The capture cross section, , varies inversely with neutron energy. The reaction is written:

Seciunea transversal de interaciune a neutronilor

The macroscopic cross section is:n0 - is the initial number of neutronsn - is the number of interaction

CAROTAJUL NEUTRONIC COMPENSAT

Surse de neutroniSurse cu fisiune spontan 252Cf Surse alfa - neutron

Generatori de neutroni

Principiul CNL

Principiul CNL

Principiul CNL

K=1.0 pentru gresii si nisipuriK=1.46 pentru calcare K= 1.173 pentru dolomite

CAROTAJUL NEUTRONIC IN IMPULSURI

(bn ): = 10-28m2

Dresser-Atlas tool (Neutron Lifetime Log)

Schlumberger tools

TDT - K

TDT - M

DEPTHCurrent depthGRTotal natural gamma ray countrateSS NeuNear neutron channel total count rateLS NeuFar neutron channel total count rateSPEEDLogging speed (only in Depth Drive Mode is shown)CCLCasing collar locator signal in mVTemp IInside flask electronics temperature in CTemp OBorehole temperature in CSS DetectorNear neutron channel time distribution of the countrateLS DetectorFar neutron channel time distribution of the countrateCCLCasing collar time/depth curveGRGamma ray time/depth curveNeutronNeutron channels time/depth curvesTOOLNeutron generator statusRAMPNeutron generator not active. When this message appears on the screen is lineariti test runing for both neutron channels as it is shown on the example below.

appendix a:

COMMUNICATION SECTION P/N 1155.0000

TOOL LENGTH:1.96m (77.28)MEASURING POINT:CCL:0.30m (11.81)TEMPERATURE:0.30m (11.81)from the bottomTOOL DIAMETER:43mm (1-11/16)TOOL WEIGHT:15kg (33lbs)PRESSURE RATING:138MPa (20 000psi)TEMPERATURE RATING:200C (400F), 5 hours POWER:150VDC/20mA single conductor cablehead GO typeOUTPUT SIGNAL:digital signal compatible to surface panel P/N 3017.0000SENSORS: CCL borehole temperature electronics temperature inside flaskAPPLICATION:communication between the surface panel P/N 3017.0000 and the rest of downhole PNN tool string

Raspunsul carotajului neutronic in impulsuri

CAROTAJUL DE DENSITATE154Density Log

155

156Density Log

Efectul hidrocarburilorEfectul hidrocarburilorCAROTAJUL ACUSTIC DE VITEZA

Dispozitiv Monopol Acustic

Dipole Waveform

Combinarea tehnologiei Monopol si Dipol - CXD

Unda compresional DTC Unda shear fals , este doar o umbr a domeniului Compresional

Determinarea litologiei

Determinarea saturatiei in apa

sau

Modelul argila laminara

FORMATIUNI CURATE

Modelul argila laminara

Modelul argila laminara

232Modelul argila laminaraModelul argila laminara

Modelul argila dispersata

Modelul argila dispersataModelul argila dispersataModelul argila dispersata

Modelul argila dispersata

Modelul argila dispersata

Modelul argila totala

Modelul apa dualaModelul apa duala

CAROTAJ ACUSTIC DE ATENUARE

TERMOMETRIAT = F (x,y,z,t) C = capacitatea caloric =

PANDAJMETRIE

326