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A Construction Highlight for theInternational Commerce Centre at

Kowloon Station, West Kowloon

Prepared by Raymond Wong

City University of Hong Kong

June 2008

Special thanks to Mr T C Cheng whoprovides some of the information tomake this presentation possible


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Construction features of the ICC Tower

Height of tower structure 490mAverage floor plate area 3000m2Total floor area 280,000 m2

Key dates

Procession of site June 2003Obtaining of Temporary Occupation Permit December 2007

Expected Full Occupation February 2010Opening of the hotel end of 2010

Use of floor spaces (floor number is for reference only)

Office spaces from 8/F to 98/F.Hotel apartment from 101/F to roof, total 14 floors.Sky Lobby and Observation Deck located on 43/F and 99/Frespectively.

Outrigger spaces are used as mechanical floors.


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Construction/structural features

A 76m diameter cofferdam lined with 1.5m-thick diaphragm

wall panels was formed to facilitate the construction of the9m-deep foundation raft and core wall structure of towerusing bottom up arrangement.

Basement in 2 levels is constructed using semi bottom-uparrangement due to limited space and the existence of theMTR tunnel tube crossing within 6m on the side of the towerfoot-print.

Grade 90 concrete is used up to 60/F. The other portion oftower structure uses mainly Grade 45 and Grade 60concrete.

Four sets of outrigger are provided at 6/F, 42/F, 78/F and

100/F. Except for the one on 6/F which is constructed in in-situ prestressed design, the upper ones are in fabricatedstructural steel with an inner frame embedded in the corewall.


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Two sets of jump-form were used (in stepped operating mode)

for the construction of the core wall from 2/F up to 100/Fwith some dimension re-alignment at a few floor locationswith the outrigger frame or where thickness of core wallreduced.

Connecting joint between the outrigger and mega column isprovided with design to cater for the differential deflectionsimilar to the IFC2 project.

General composite frame structure is used for the tower up to100/F, with the central core, an external steel frame restedonto 8 mega columns which span about 16m.

Hotel floors from 101/F upward are constructed in in-situ

method using Grade 60 reinforced concrete and traditionallarge panel form, with a transfer structure at 101/F.

Total amount of structural material consumed

Concrete 240,000 m3, Reinforcing bar 98,000 tons, Structuralsteel 27,000 tons


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Artistic view of the ICC towerand the Kowloon StationDevelopment as seen fromHong Kong side


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Artistic view of the ICC towerand the Kowloon StationDevelopment as seen fromHong Kong side


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Master Plan for the MTR Kowloon Station Development


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Photo 1

Photo 2

Photo 1 and 2Early stage of work as seen in 2002showing the layout of site and thefacilities that equipped for theforming of diaphragm wall panels

which would be used as the lining ofthe 76m cofferdam


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Photo 3

Photo 4

Photo 3 and 4

Standard equipments for theconstruction of diaphragm wall asseen on site, including the desandingplant (in photo 3) for the removal of

excavated spoil through thecirculating bentonite slurry and thereverse circulation trench cuttingmachines (in photo 4).


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Photo 1

Photo 5b Completion of the foundationraft up to the third layer. The totaldepth of the raft is 9m. The concretingprocess is arranged to be placed in 5layers as a means to controltemperature generated from concrete

as well as to ease the handling of largeamount of concrete during work.

Photo 5a Commencement of

excavation for the 76m-diameter cofferdam asseen in late 2003


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Photo 6a Excavation of the cofferdam down to the formation at about -20mpd


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Photo 6b and 6c casting the 9m deep foundation raft in various portion(total in 18 pour and concrete volume 36,286m3)


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Photo 7 Core wall and the megacolumns constructed within thecofferdam close to the groundlevel. Usual large-panel steel formwas used up to 4/F before theerection of the jump form.

Figure 1 Building section showingthe construction arrangementfrom the foundation raft up tothe first outrigger set on 6/F.


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Photo 8 Constructionof the floor systemfrom ground to 1/F

spanning from thecore wall to themega columnsusing traditionaltimber panelformwork.

Photo 9 Commencement ofexcavation on theside of thecofferdam to form

the remainingportion ofbasement structure


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Photo 10 Main buildingstructure constructedup to 4/F. The jumpform was erected onthe 2/F for the onward

construction of thecore wall.

Photo 11 Main building

structure as seen inFebruary 2006 with thejump form for the corewall and the climbform for the megacolumns in fulloperation.


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Photo 12 overview seeing the construction of thebasement using typical bottom-up arrangement withshoring support counter-act onto the completed main

tower structure. The diaphragm wall panel as side tothe previous cofferdam was demolished as theexcavation proceeds.

Photo 13a


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Photo 13a

Photo 13b

Photo 13c

Photo 13c Construction of the tower beforeentered onto the typical cycle. By the timethe jump form for the core wall was beingerected and the basement constructionon the side commenced.

Photo 13a and 13b the core wall andmega columns of the main towerstructure ascending from thecofferdam. The tunnel tube of the

MTR Tung Chung Line is located onthe strip of land on the lower side ofthe cofferdam.

Tunnel tube of futureK l S h Li k (2009)


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Photo 14 aerial view of the Kowloon StationDevelopment and the nearby facilities

Tunnel tube of existingMTR Tung Chung Lineand Airport Express

Kowloon Southern Link (2009)


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Photo 14a close up of the gigantic jump-form system for the core wall construction


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Photo 14 Overview of the tower structurewith the jump-form for the core wall,climb-form for the mega columns and a

set of lift-form for an appended wall (thefinger wall, at the right side of core,orange in colour) in operating position.

Photo 15


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Photo 17

Photo 15, 16 and 17 Close up of the

lower portion of the main towerwith the structural layout and floorsystem clearly seen.

Photo 16


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Figure 2 Typical Construction Sequence and safety provisions


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Figure 3 Typical layout of core wall


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Photo 18 Close up of the core wallstructure with a set of self-climbing

loading platform being erected forthe lifting of materials andequipments.

Photo 19


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Photo 20

Photo 19 and 20 Typical view of floordeck spanningbetween the corewall and theexternal framebefore concreting

Photo 21 Typical floor layout detail at the building corner on 15/F.The set up of climb form for a mega column can also be observed


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The set-up of climb-form for a mega column can also be observed.


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Photo 23 Setting-up of the climb-form mounted on

top of the mega column with theenclosing safe screen and work platformalready in place.

Photo 22 Installing the climb-form for the mega

column as seen from the side . Thesteel shutter panel was not fixed ontothe main frame of form at this stage.


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Photo 25 Reinforcing bar of the mega column

being fixed with lapping coupler asseen on the work platform ready forconcreting.

Photo 24 Two sets of climb-form in szconizedoperating phase.

Photo 1Photo 26a Reinforcement detail for the core

ll h k l f I


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Photo 1

Photo 26b General view of

the jump-form for the corewall as seen on theplatform deck. Due to thelarge size of the core wall(measured 38m x 38m),two separated sets of jump-form were installed and

operated in steppedsequence to make eachlifting more easy to handle.

wall as seen on the work platform. Inorder to reduce the thickness of wall,Grade 90 high strength concrete was usedfor the core wall and the mega columns

from the basement up to 60/F.


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Photo 27a and 27b The jump form for theconstruction of the core wall in twooperating phases. Note also the setof lift-form (orange in colour) on the

right side of core wall for theconstruction of the finger wall.

Photo 27b

Photo 27a


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Photo 27c and 27d lift-form (orange in colour) used for theconstruction of the finger wall appended to the core wall.


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12/F (74mPD)

M1-1/F (52mPD)

R2/F (179mPD)

48/F (191mPD)

R3/F (299mPD)78/F (311mPD)

R4/F (405mPD)M4-3/F (417mPD)

4th Outrigger 12.2m high

3rd Outrigger 12.2m high

2nd Outrigger 12.2m high

1st Outrigger 22.2m high

- Steel Outrigger

(occupying 3 Floors )

- Pre-stressed R.C. Outrigger(occupying 5 Floors )

Figure 4 Outriggers Distribution


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Figure 5 composition of a set of typical Outrigger

Frame embedded in core wall

81/F (325.1mPD)


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Core Wall Mega Column

Figure 6 - Steel OutriggersConstruction

30m

76/F (299.4mPD)

77/F (303.9mPD)

78/F (308.0mPD)

78a/F (312.1mPD)

79/F (316.1mPD)

80/F (320.6mPD)

75/F (294.9mPD)

( )

Embedded anchor frame

Outrigger frame

Connection joint


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Photo 28a, b and c anchor frame to beembedded in the core wall for thetightening of the outrigger member

Photo 28d installing thejointing member (K-knot) ofth t i t th l t


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Photo 28e outrigger member ininitial connected position beforefinal adjustment and welding.

the outrigger onto the slotprovided in the megacolumn.

Photo 29a


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Photo 29a and 29b Unlike other outriggersystem used to stiffen the structural

frame for highrise tower, ICC employeda set of cast-in-situ RC outriggersystem,, tensioned in various stages.This design was employed to gain timein the planning and fabrication of thestructural members. Photo 29a shows aset of anchor block on the side of the

mega column. Photo 29b is another setsituated inside the core wall.

Photo 29b

Photo 30

Photo 30a and 30b In order to facilitate the lifting of


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ghuge amount of materials to support theconstruction, besides the provision of 4 sets oftower cranes and a concrete boom mounted on the

top of the core, a temporary access tower with linkbridge constructed in steel is also installed for thelifting of workers and materials. Photo 30 shows theexternal view of the access tower and the materialhoist. Photo 31 shows the detail of the mounting.

Photo 31


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Photo 31a, b and c construction detailof the access tower and link bridge forthe material hoisting system


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Photo 32 External view of the tower as seen in

October 2006 showing all the major structural partsof the tower were under construction at its typicalcycle. This included the core wall structure, thefinger wall (wall appended to the core wall up to 50/F,the mega columns and the floor deck). Note also thespacious entrance canopy with about 25m headroomon the lower right corner of photo.

Photo 33


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Photo 34

Photo 33 and 34 Gradual progress of the tower structure as seen in early to mid 2007 withthe installation of curtain wall for the lower floors which scheduled for the obtainingof the temporary operation permit by November 2007.

Ph 36Photo 35


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Photo 36Photo 35

Photo 35, 36 and 37 External view of the ICC Tower from the roof ofSorrento () in September 2007, January and April 2008.

Photo 37

Photo 38b


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Photo 38a and 38b Exterior view of building showing the installation of thecurtain wall

Photo 38a


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Photo 39a View of the landscape gardenon the podium deck of KowloonStation as seen from the roof of

Sorrento by the end of 2006. TheHarbour Side (, left) and twoservice apartment/hotel blocks (TheCullinan,) are on the sides ofthe ICC Tower. While the landscapegarden, by that time still underconstruction, was part of theprovisions for the shopping mall,the Elements project.

Photo 39b


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Photo 39b View of the ICC Tower in March 2008 from the roof of Sorrento withthe other MTRC property developments on the sides.

Photo 40 Thestructural frame forthe entrance canopy


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Photo 41 Photo 42

Photo 41 and 42 exterior view of the canopy hood

pyhood underconstruction. The

hood will provide acovered link betweenthe mall of Elementsand the main lobbyof ICC


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Photo 43b Interior view of theentrance lobby (inside the canopy)

as seen in June 2008. The tower bythe time was leased and in useunder a temporary operation permit.

Photo 43a Exterior view of the entrancecanopy. On the left of the canopy is thevehicular drop-off platform which wasopened after the obtaining of the temporaryoperation permit in November 2007. A workaccess way and material loading area wasprovided on the right, fenced by hoarding,

to support the construction work for theremaining portion of the tower structureuntil its handling over in mid 2010.


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Photo 44 The completed landscape garden and the spatial layout leading to various propertydevelopments as seen in May 2008. The entrance hood to MTR Kowloon Station is situated in the

centre of the garden. A square on a lower level of podium outside the entrance canopy to the ICCTower and other greening facilities can also be seen in the upper part of the podium.


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Photo 45 The entire development inthe Kowloon Station on the southerntip of the new land formed by theWest Kowloon Reclamation as seenfrom Tai Kok Tsui


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