I. Colonizing America A. Countries that Colonized America 1. England – 13 colonies east of...
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I. Colonizing America
A. Countries that Colonized America1. England – 13 colonies east of
Appalachian Mountains2. France – St. Lawrence River, Great
Lakes, Mississippi River, and New Orleans
3. Spain – Latin America, SE and SW sections of current US
4. Russia – Pacific Northwest5. Netherlands – New York and New Jersey6. Sweden -- Delaware
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B. Reasons
1. The Three G’s
a. Gold
b. Glory
c. God
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C. England
1. Gold – Virginia Company of London (1606) sponsored trips to the Virginia colony for
various reasonsa. Expand English tradeb. Find wider market for
goodsc. Hoped to make large
profits
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2. Goda. Dispute between Catholics
and Anglicans in Englandb. Pilgrims – Separatist
movement; Catholics who could not practice their religion in England; fled to America and settled in Plymouth, MA
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c. Puritans – Reformers;
did not think Church of
England was strict
enough; wanted to make
the Church more pure;
started the MA Bay
Colony in Boston, Cape
Cod, and Salem areas
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D. Blue Laws
1. Laws made by Puritans to
make life “more pure”
2. Sabbath Regulations
a. All trade outlawed
b. No public meetings or
entertainment except for
church
c. Two two-hour services,
morning and afternoon
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3. Family Relationships
a. Parents could lose children if
poorly educated
b. A child could be put to death
if they disrespect parents
4. Social Laws
a. Fines for lower classes that
wore silk and silver
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5. Public Behavior
a. No celebrations of
Christmas or other
holidays, including
weddings
b. NO PDA
6. Witch Laws
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E. Representative Government
1. Types of colonies in the New World
a. Proprietary – Owned by an individual (PA, Maryland, Georgia)
b. Self – governing – Owned by the people (MA)
c. Royal – Owned by the king1. All 13 colonies would
eventually become royal
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2. Mayflower Compact (Nov. 11, 1620)
1. First representative government in America
2. Established a civil government,
rule of law, and a government by consent
3. Only members of congregation could vote or hold office
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3. Direct Democracy (MA)1. Rooted in ancient
Greece where all eligible voters vote on every issue
2. Usually done through a town hall meeting
3. Most white, landowning, males participated
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F. France
1. Gold
a. Chance to earn a decent
living and maybe become
wealthy
b. Profitable fur trade
c. Search for resources not
found in France
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2. Religion
a. Growing need to convert
Natives to Christianity
3. Glory
a. Fame that came with
succeeding in the New World
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4. Why did the Natives trust the French more than the British?
a. French settlements were smaller and less threatening
1. British were expanding more
quicklyb. French were more willing to
adopt Native culture1. Many French men married
Native women
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5. Famous Explorersa. Rene Robert de La Salle –
Followed the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico and named
the land Louisiana after King Louis XIV
b. Samuel de Champlain – Founded the city of Quebec, the center of French claims in North America
c. Jacques Cartier – Sailed along the St. Lawrence River into Montreal
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G. Spain
1. Gold
a. Find new resources (gold,
silver)
b. Used indentured servants to
mine at first – definition
1. Eventually switched to
African slaves
c. Sought water routes to bring gold
and silver back to Spain
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2. God
a. Similar to the French
b. Missionaries sent to the new
world to convert Natives to
Christianity
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3. Famous Explorersa. Hernando Cortez – Conquistador
who when he reached present-day Mexico City had his men burn their ships so they had to fight to the death. He would go on to capture the Aztec Empire in the 1520s.
b. Francisco Pizarro – Reached the Incan Empire in present-day Peru
in 1531 and held their leader for ransom only to kill him. Three years later the Incan Empire was no more.
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c. Christopher Columbus – Italian by birth but sailed for the Spanish. Convinced he could reach Asia through the Atlantic but landed on an island he called San Salvador. Considered by many to be the man who discovered America.