HYDROCRACKING TECHNOLOGY

8/19/2019 HYDROCRACKING TECHNOLOGY

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Seminar report

HYDROCRACKING TECHNOLOGY

PREPARED BY:

PATEL VISMAYKUMAR RAJESHBHAI

GUIDE:

DR. RANJAN SENGUPTA


2/12

INTRODUCTION :

• ommer!ia""# $e%e"ope$ I. G. 'ar&en In$()trie) *+,-/ *"i0nite into 0a)o"ine/

• 'ir)t mo$ern $i)ti""ate 1#$ro!ra!2er 3 1e%ron *+,45/

• *Mi$6+,47)/ T1e a(tomo&i"e in$()tr# )tarte$ t1e man(8a!t(re o8 1i01 per8orman!e !ar)

• Hi016!ompre))ion ratio en0ine) t1at re9(ire$ 1i016o!tane 0a)o"ine.• '"(i$ !ata"#ti! !ra!2in0 *0a)o"ine pro$(!t 1i016&oi"in0 oi" !a""e$ !#!"e oi"/

• #!"e oi" *;a) $i88i!("t to !on%ert to 0a)o"ine an$ "i01ter pro$(!t)/. H#$ro!ra!2in0 !an !ra!2

• S;it!1 o8 rai"roa$) 8rom )team to $ie)e" en0ine) a8ter


3/12

HYDROCRACKING :

• ata"#ti! petro"e(m re8inin0 pro!e))

• on%ert 1ea%# 1i01 &oi"in0 point 1#$ro!ar&on) into more %a"(a&"e )ma""er "o; &oi"in0 1#

• In pre)en!e o8 H#$ro0en

• At 1i01 temperat(re)*>4 3 FF+o/ 1i01 pre))(re) *+76-77 K0!m-0/

• In pre)en!e o8 !ata"#)t

• H#$ro!ra!2er 0i%e) E!o 8rien$"# Pro$(!t) * )at(rate$ 1#$ro!ar&on) "o; to ("tra "o; )("8(

• H#$ro!ra!2in0 ata"#ti! !ra!2in0 H#$ro0enation

• ata"#ti! !ra!2in0 i) t1e &rea2in0 o8 a !ar&on3!ar&on )in0"e &on$ an$ 1#$ro0enation i)

1#$ro0en to a !ar&on3!ar&on $o(&"e &on$.

G"enn E. Han$;er2 Jame) H. Gar#. Petro"e(m Re8inin0 Te!1no"o0# an$ E!onomi!) Mar!e" De22er In!. Ne; Yor2. -77+ +,6+F7


4/12

CHEMISTRY :

• on%ert) t1e 1ea%# 8ee$ )to!2 to "o;er mo"e!("ar ;ei01t pro$(!t)

• Remo%e) )("8(r Nitro0en Sat(rate) o"e8in) an$ Aromati!).

• r0ani! )("8(r *H-S/ nitro0en *NHE/ an$ o#0en !ompo(n$) *H-./

• Rea!tion) in 1#$ro!ra!2in0 : De)ira&"e an$ Un$e)ira&"e.• De)ira&"e : Treatin0 Sat(ration an$ ra!2in0 rea!tion).

• Un$e)ira&"e : ontaminant poi)onin0 o2in0 o8 t1e !ata"#)t.

• Treatin0 rea!tion) : *r0ani!/ Meta") remo%a" "e8in )at(ration S("8(r remo%a" *HDS/ Nit

*HDN/ #0en remo%a" an$ Ha"i$e) remo%a".

• ra!2in0 rea!tion) : Bi68(n!tiona" me!1ani)m *re9(ire) t;o $i)tin!t t#pe) o8 !ata"#ti! )ite)/

• A!i$ 8(n!tion *!ra!2in0 an$ i)omeri?ation/ an$ Meta" 8(n!tion *o"e8in 8ormation an$ 1#$ro0

• ra!2in0 rea!tion *re9(ire) 1eat/ H#$ro0enation rea!tion *0enerate) 1eat/. %era"" 1eat re"e

1#$ro!ra!2in0

DAVID S. J.@STAN JNES PETER R. PUJADC Han$&oo2 o8 Petro"e(m Pro!e))in0 Sprin0er.Net1er"an$).-77> -,-6-,4.


5/12

Mary P. McGuiness Terry E. He!"#n T$#%as &. De'nan (r. e" a!. )*++,-u!y Ca"a!y"ic $y/r# 0r#cessin' a '##/ a!"erna"i1e "# s# !1en" 0r#cessin'2 re"ri

$""0:44555.#'-.c#%4ar"ic!es40rin"41#!u%e2+64issue27+4in2"$is2issue4re3inin'4ca"a!y"ic2$y/r#0r#cessin'2a2'##/2a!"erna"i1e2"#2s#!1en"20r#cessin'.$"%!


6/12

CATALYST :

• Bi68(n!tiona" ata"#)t

• Meta" 8(n!tion *8or H#$ro0enation/ :

P"atin(m Pa""a$i(m

S("8i$e meta") o8 Ni!2e" Mo"#&$en(m T(n0)ten a) Ba)e Meta"

• Ke# re9(irement : M()t a!ti%ate 1#$ro0en an$ !ata"#?e $e1#$ro0enation an$ 1#$ro0enatio

• A!i$i! 8(n!tion *8or !ra!2in0/ :

Amorp1o() )i"i!a a"(mina ?eo"ite)‐

DAVID S. J .@STAN JNES PETER R. PUJADC Han$&oo2 o8 Petro"e(m Pro!e))in0 Sprin0er.Net1er"an$).-77> -,5.


7/12

&LO8 SCHEMES :

Sin0"e Sta0e n!e t1ro(01

DAVID S. J.@STAN JNES PETER R. PUJADC Han$&oo2 o8 Petro"e(m Pro!e))in0 Sprin0er.Net1er"an$).-77> -556-,7

Single Stage with recycle T;o )ta0e


8/12

PROCESS :

Is#crac9in' :

• Same pro!e)) a) 1#$ro!ra!2in0 &(t at a "o;er temperat(re an$ pre))(re.

• Hi01 ratio o8 i)opara88in) to norma" para88in in it) "i01t pro$(!t)

•A 1i01 per!enta0e o8 i)opara88in) in!rea)e) "i01t nap1t1a pro$(!t o!tane n(m&er).

• I)o!ra!2in0 remo%e) 1ea%# aromati! !ompo(n$) an$ !reate) i)opara88in) to pro$(!e mi$$"e

o(t)tan$in0 &(rnin0 an$ !o"$ 8"o; propertie)

• Kero)ene ;it1 "o; 8ree?e point) an$ 1i01 )mo2e point)

• Die)e" 8(e") ;it1 "o; po(r point) an$ 1i01 !etane n(m&er)

• Li01t nap1t1a) ;it1 a 1i01 i)opara88in !ontent

Unicrac9in'• arrie$ o(t at mo$erate temperat(re)*-576F4/ an$ pre))(re)*46-+, 20!m-/

• UP !ontin(e) to $e%e"op !ata"#)t) t1at pro%i$e en1an!e$ per8orman!e ;it1o(t )a!ri8i!in0 #

• Impro%e etane an$ impro%e $ie)e" !o"$ 8"o; propertie) t1e )imp"e epe$ient o8 a !ata"#)

t1e )ame rea!tor

Ro&ert A. Me#er) Han$&oo2 o8 petro"e(m re8inin0 pro!e)) M!Gra;6Hi"". Ne; Yor2.+,,.6.F.-4


9/12

PROCESS ARIABLES :

• Rea!tor Temperat(re

• Rea!tor Pre))(re

•

Spa!e Ve"o!it#• Nitro0en ontent

• H#$ro0en )("8i$e

• Re!#!"e Ga) rate

• H#$ro0en P(rit#

G"enn E. Han$;er2 Jame) H. Gar#. Petro"e(m Re8inin0 Te!1no"o0# an$ E!onomi!) Mar!e" De22er In!. Ne; Yor2. -77+ +F>6+F5.


10/12

HYDROCRACKING REACTOR :

• 'ie$6&e$ !ata"#ti! rea!tor

• Hi01 Temperat(re 8or t1e !ata"#)t to 1#$ro!ra!2 t1e 8ee$.

• Hi01 Temp. 6 In!rea)e t1e !ata"#)t a!ti%it#.

• +)t &e$ Not a!ti%e !ata"#)t &(t 8(n!tion) a) r()tparti!("ate arre)tor

an$ pre%ent) ear"# $eterioration o8 !ata"#)t.

• MOC - 2¼Cr–1Mo or 3Cr–1Mo

• Sma"" amo(nt o8 %ana$i(m i) a$$e$ *to in!rea)e it) )tren0t1 !1ara!teri)ti!)/

• F., m ID *ommer!ia""#/ 7 !m T1i!2ne))* $epen$in0 on $e)i0n P an$

Diameter/ • Mi$$"e $i)ti""ate * or F &e$)/

• Nap1t1a *4 or > &e$)/

DAVID S. J.@STAN JNES PETER R. PUJADC Han$&oo2 o8 Petro"e(m Pro!e))in0 Sprin0er.Net1er"an$).-77> 7567,


11/12

• Eot1ermi! pro!e))

• To a%oi$ o%er1eatin0 an$ to pro%i$e a )a8e an$ )ta&"e operation 3 9(en!1in0 ?one).

*a/ To !oo" t1e partia""# rea!te$ 8"(i$)

*&/ To a))(re a (ni8orm temperat(re $i)tri&(tion *!/ To mi e88i!ient"#

• Un&a"an!e$ temperat(re) in a !ata"#)t &e$ Di88erent rea!tion rate) in t1e )ame &e$

• Di88erent $ea!ti%ation rate) o8 t1e !ata"#)t Temperat(re e!(r)ion)

• D(rin0 operation t1e 1#$ro!ra!2in0 !ata"#)t 0ra$(a""# "o)e) )ome o8 it) a!ti%it#.

• To maintain t1e !on%er)ion o8 8ee$)to!2 to pro$(!t) !on)tant t1e a%era0e &e$ temperat(re i)

in!rea)e$. *+Omont1/

• A%era0e &e$ temperat(re De)i0n maim(m t1e !ata"#)t 1a) to &e rep"a!e$ or rea!ti%ate$.

DAVID S. J.@STAN JNES PETER R. PUJADC Han$&oo2 o8 Petro"e(m Pro!e))in0 Sprin0er.Net1er"an$).-77> +7


12/12

ADANTAGES AND DISADANTAGES O& HYDROCRACKIN

A/1an"a'es :

• It) 8"ei&i"it# ;it1 re)pe!t to pro$(!tion o8 0a)o"ine an$ mi$$"e $i)ti""ate)

•

A&i"it# to 1an$"e a ;i$er ran0e o8 8ee$)to!2 "i2e !#!"e oi") 8rom ot1er !ra!2in0 (nit)• Doe) not #ie"$ an# !o2e a) pro$(!t

• Better !on%er)ion o8 t1e 0a) oi" an$ re)i$(e) into ()e8(" pro$(!t).

• No SoK No- pro$(!tion

• Mi$$"e $i)ti""ate #ie"$ i) 57 a) !ompare$ to F4 in 'U.

• T1e pro$(!t) are !"ean )at(rate$ 1i01 in %a"(e.

Disa/1an"a'e :

• Hi01 !apita" an$ operatin0 !o)t• Pre))(re 0eneration

• E9(ipment )a8et#

• Lo;er 0a)o"ine 9(a"it# in term) o8 o!tane n(m&er

G"enn E. Han$;er2 Jame) H. Gar#. Petro"e(m Re8inin0 Te!1no"o0# an$ E!onomi!) Mar!e" De22er In!. Ne; Yor2. -77+ +6+5.

HYDROCRACKING TECHNOLOGY

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