What is Child Labour• It is work that children should not be doing because they are too young to work, or – if they are old enough to work – because it is dangerous or otherwise unsuitable for them

• Child labour can also be defined as the full-time employment of children who are under a minimum legal age.

• Whether or not particular forms of “work” can be called “child labour” depends on the child’s age, the type and hours of work performed and the conditions under which it is performed, as set out in the ILO Conventions

Child Labour and its origins• Industrial Revolution

Causes of Child Labour• Poverty

• Culture and tradition

• Barriers to education

• Market demand

• The effects of income shocks on households

• Lack of legislation and/or poor enforcement of existing legislation

Consequences of Child Labour• Deprives them of schooling or requires

them to assume the multiple burden of schooling and work

• Jeopardises their health and safety – high risk of illness and injury…even death

• Affects their physical development (malnutrition, long working hours in bad conditions)

• Exposes them to physical and psychological abuse and violence which all have long term consequences

• Deprives them of their childhood and of their future

Child Labour as defined by the law• Under the act, ‘Child’ means a person who has

not completed his 14 years of age.• Any such person engaged for wages , whether in

cash or kind, is a CHILD LABOUR• According to UNICEF , all the children not being

provided education at a school are considered as child labourers

• Child labor can be found in nearly every industry• Agriculture• An estimated 60% of child labor occurs in agriculture,

fishing, hunting, and forestry. Children have been found harvesting

• manufacturing• About 14 million children are estimated to be directly

involved in manufacturing goods.• Mining and Quarrying• Child laborers suffer extremely high illness and injury rates

in underground mines, opencast mines, and quarries. Children as young as 6 or 7 years old break up rocks, and wash, sieve, and carry ore.

• Domestic Service• Many children, especially girls, work in domestic service,

sometimes starting as young as 5 or 6. This type of child labor is linked to child trafficking. Domestic child laborers can be victims of physical, emotional, and sometimes sexual abuse.

• Hotels, Restaurants, and Retail