Human Geography Lesson 1 DEMOGRAPHICS. Bellringer – Page 11 Use book pages 58-65 – What are we...
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Transcript of Human Geography Lesson 1 DEMOGRAPHICS. Bellringer – Page 11 Use book pages 58-65 – What are we...
Human Geography Lesson 1
DEMOGRAPHICS
Bellringer – Page 11
Use book pages 58-65– What are we going to be studying about? Come up
with 10 topics, write on page 11 in your journal.• Pages 471 and 193 - Population density maps
– Where are people living? Why?
Bellringer – Pg 11
Add this to last week’s bellringer
List the oceans and the continents.
Population Density
Population Distribution
Why do they live in these places? Why do they not live in others??
• World physical map page A2
World Population Growth
• Why the HUGE growth in the 20th century (1900s)• You will share your conclusions with the class
POPULATION PYRAMIDS
PG 12
Objectives
• WHAT is a population pyramid?• HOW to read a population pyramid?• Recognize SHAPES of population
pyramids. • IMPORTANCE of population
pyramids.
What is a population pyramid?
• It is a diagram that gives information about the proportion of males and females in each age group.
• Also shows:- proportion of young people (0 -14 )- proportion of working people (15 – 59)- proportion of elderly people (60+)
What is a population pyramid?
Vertical Axis - Age Groups
Horizontal Axis – Percentage / number
Young dependents
Working population
Elderly dependents
How to read a population pyramid?
• Read the title e.g. country or city or racial group
• Comment on general shape of the pyramid
• Note the proportion of people in various age groups
• Note the sex ratio• Interpret the data
Types of Population Pyramid
1. Triangular-shaped
2. Beehive-shaped Pyramid
3. Rectangular-shaped Pyramid
Shape of pyramids is controlled by–births,–deaths, &–migrations.
Triangular-shaped Pyramid(Broad-based Pyramid)
Broad-based PyramidTitle: India, 2000Shape: Broad Base - high birth rates Narrow Top - small elderly pop
- high death rateProportion: - Large proportion of young
- high young dependency ratio
Sex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance sex ratio
For your notes
• Draw a triangle shape pyramid
• Broad Base = high birth rate
• Narrow top = high death rate, low elderly population
Indonesia2000
Malaysia2000
Beehive-shaped Pyramid
Beehive-shaped PyramidTitle: Singapore, 2000Shape: Rocket-shaped / Narrow Base
– Low Birth Rates, Slow pop growthProportion: Large proportion of working
population, 15-59 yr old - large group of economically active pop
Sex Ratio: Balanced pyramid
For your notes
• Draw a beehive pyramid• Narrow base = low birth
rate and slow growth• Large middle = lots of
workers
Hong Kong2000
Taiwan2000
Rectangular-shaped Pyramid
Rectangular PyramidTitle: Netherlands, 2000Shape: Rectangular-shaped - Zero Pop Growth Narrow Base - Low Birth Rates
- Life-expectancy is high e.g. 80+ - Low death rates
Proportion: Bars of equal length - Balance ProportionSex Ratio: Balance pyramid - Balance Sex Ratio
For your notes
• Draw a rectangle pyramid
• Rectangle = zero population growth
• Narrow base = low birth rate
• Low death rate• High life expectancy
UK 2000
Netherlands2000
Population Pyramids in Transition
Each pyramid tells a story about the
past, present & future of a country & its people.
Importance of Population Pyramids
• Policy Planning
~ future housing estates
~ future schools
~ future jobs• Comparison with other countries
~ developed (US) vs developing (India)
Your turn…
• Look at the shape• Find the trend• Remember your basic shapes
United States, 2000•More boys in younger age groups than girls•Reversal of ratio in upper age groups•Shifts around age 35•Slow growth
China, 2000•Efforts to reduce the birth rate have contributed to a prominent male majority.•Since the early 1980s, parents try to have a male child if they are only having one child•Boys culturally seen as more beneficial than a female•Imbalance•Could lead to instabilities
Mexico, 2000•Pyramid shape•Rapid growth
Iceland, 2000•Generally straight except for older age groups•Stable population
Japan, 2000•Top-heavy shape•Shrinking population
Germany, 2010•Negative growth
Sweden, 2010•Somewhat stable; could be beginning a pattern of negative growth
Kenya, 2010•Looks like slow growth•Dying younger•The situation in Kenya: young adults with AIDS are dying leaving a very young population in its place
Brazil, 2010•Looks like the pattern of rapid growth was interrupted by something•Growth rate is again rising
Russia, 2010•Very unbalanced at top between males and females.•Transitioning between patterns of rapid growth; either slowing or beginning to grow again.
North Korea, 2010•Beginning period of negative growth•Had previously experienced rapid growth•Females outnumber men in older ages
Glue your created population pyramid to the back of page 12
Exit Slip
• What shape is your population pyramid?• What does that tell you about the
– Age groups (youth, working, elderly)– Sex– Growth
Levels of Development• More Developed
– GDP per capita of $25,000 or more
– Literacy rate at/near 99%– Technology– Industrialized– Varied distribution of labor– Large Urban population– High life expectancy (above
76)
• Less Developed– Low life expectancy– Less than $8,000 GDP per
capita– Large rural population– High infant mortality rate– High birth rate
• Newly Industrialized– $9000-24,000 GDP per capita– Growing urban population– Growing technology
Definitions for your notes – Pg 12
• More developed• Newly industrialized• Less developed
Country Profile Assignment
• https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/