N EWTON ’ S L AWS OF M OTION. Three Laws that Explain How and Why Objects Move.
HOW FEDERAL LAWS ARE MADE Learning Objectives Explain where the ideas for laws may come from. Name...
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Transcript of HOW FEDERAL LAWS ARE MADE Learning Objectives Explain where the ideas for laws may come from. Name...
HOW FEDERAL LAWS ARE MADE
Learning Objectives
Explain where the ideas for laws may come from.
Name the six steps it takes for a bill to become a law.
Give two reasons why a bill might fail to become a law.
Words to KnowTestify – to make statements in hearings or
in court to establish some truth or fact
Subcommittee – a branch of a standing committee that has a special area of study
Conference committee – a House Senate committee that works out the differences in bills passes by the two houses of Congress
Presiding officer – the leader of a government body who runs or directs that body
Legislation – laws that are made or proposed
Floor leader – the leader of each of the two political parties in Congress who directs the debate on proposed bills
Whip – the assistant to each of the floor leaders of Congress
Where Laws Come FromTurning a bill into a law is a long and often
hard jobMaking laws takes many stepsEvery law starts with an idea from anywhere.
Farmers, President, Senators, or even you.
How a Bill Becomes Law
Every law begins as a bill in Congress
Step 1: Introducing the Bill
a. A representative has an idea for a new law.
b. Writes the idea for new law in a bill.
c. Takes bill to the meeting room of the House and drops in into a
wooden box call the “hopper”
d. The clerk gives bill a short title and a number
e. The Title and number are written in the Congressional Record.
This is called the first reading of the bill.
f. The bill is printed so all members have a copy.
g. Speaker of the House sends bill to the proper standing committee.
Step 2: The Committee Stage
a. Members of the committee study the bill carefully.
b. They listen to other representatives speak for or against the bill.
c. The committee asks many questions.
d. Sometimes the committee will hold a public hearing. Experts in the
field, government officials, and other persons may be invited to testify.
A Committee Within a CommitteeA standing committee will sometimes turn
over its work on a proposed bill to one of its subcommittees.There are about 140 subcommittees in the
HouseThere are more than 100 in the SenateAfter several meetings the committee will
vote. If the bill passes, it goes before the whole
House of Representatives
Step 3: The Debate
a. The bill receives its second reading b. Each representative in the House may
debate the bill. c. Representatives are allowed 1 hour to
speak. d. The bill is printed in it’s final form. e. Then it is given a third reading. f. The House votes
Step 4: On to the Senate
a. Debating begins again.
b. Senate votes.
Step 5: Conference Committee
a. If both houses of Congress pass the same bill with different
amendments the bill goes to a special conference committee.
b. Members of both houses make up committee. c. Committee can only consider the points on
which the two bills differ.
d. Bothe houses of Congress must pass the new compromise bill. No more amendments can be added.
Using a FilibusterSenators can speak as long as they like.Some Senators try to kill a bill by talking so
long that the senate has to move onto other business.This delaying is called a filibusterSenate can end a filibuster by voting for the
cloture rule.3/5 of senate of the (60 senators) votes for
cloture the filibuster is stopped.
Step 6: The President’s Desk
a. Every bill that Congress passes goes to the President
b. One of four things can happen.
1. Sign the bill so it becomes law
2. Veto (stop) the bill. It would then be returned to congress.
2/3 of both houses must vote for the bill then it will be a law.
This is called overriding a veto.
3. Leave bill unsigned for ten days while Congress is in session.
Then it automatically becomes a law.
4. Leave bill unsigned for ten days after Congress has ended its session. Then the bill dies.