The Role of Public Health in America

Justin HarmsonHLST 2001-63117University of Louisiana at Monroe

What is Public Health?

Vaccination and control

Motor vehicle-safety Safer workplaces Safer and healthier foods Safe drinking water

Healthier mothers and babies

Decline in deaths Recognition of tobacco

use as a health hazard.

Public health refers to all organized measures (whether public or private) to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole. Its activities aim to provide conditions in which people can be healthy and focus on entire populations, not on individual patients or diseases

(World Health Organization, 2015)

What is the current status of Public Health in the United States?

Life expectancy of infants Life expectancy at birth was 8.2 years longer for white males than for black males in 1990, and 4.7 years longer for white males than for black males in 2015. Motor Vehicle-related Death Rates Motor vehicle-related deaths are a significant cause of preventable death, accounting for 35,332 deaths in the United States in 2015 across all ages Male. Current Cigarette Smoking 2002 and 2015, cigarette smoking among students in grade 12 decreased from 27.4% to 19.3% for male students and from 25.5% to 14.5% for female students High school seniors 30.

(Krienger, 2015)

The Future of Public Health The future of public health must begin with extensive change within the society or group. It must also be able to examine and explain the health status of Americans. This begins with describing individuals and organizations needing to work together as a public healthcare system. As well to recommend the evidence- based system to be an effective force in attaining the vision of healthy people in communities, and, ultimately, a healthier nation.

The strengths of Public Health include. Private Sector Barriers to the physicians

assuming the central role 1-The individual physician’s

willingness and ability to perform health promotion and disease prevention activities.

2-The ability of the population to access the service of a private physician. (William and Torrens, 2008)

Fee-for-service medicine

Managed Care

Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) 1-Long term responsibility for

supervising all aspects of an individuals care to specific physician or medical group

2-Reimburesment of the physician or medical group on a per capita basis.

Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA)

Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)

Levels of Prevention Cont. Primary prevention –attempts to promote

better health and educate the public for the standards of sanitation.

Secondary prevention- halting the progression of disease from its early unrecognized stage to a more serve one and preventing the complications.

Tertiary prevention- the prevention of the effects of disease once it has been identified.

(Williams, 2008)

The impact on Physicians of Health• Medicare• Medicaid• HMO• PPO

Impact on Physicians Cont. Medicare coverageMedicare is the foundation of health care coverage for most people age 65 or older. Medicaid coverageA joint federal and state program that helps low-income individuals or families pay for the costs associated with long-term medical and custodial care, provided they qualify HMO“pre-paid” or “capitated” insurance plans in which individuals or their employers pay a fixed monthly fee for services instead of a separate charge for each visit or service. PPOA type of health insurance arrangement that allows plan participants relative freedom to choose the doctors and hospitals they want to visit.(Tannahill, 2015)

Current challengesevidence shows that healthcare providers face several challenges in managing care for migrants, which included not only language and cultural barriers, but also resource constraints within their workplaces, and disharmony between the law and their professional norms. Further studies, which explore health care management for migrants in countries with different health insurance models, are recommended.

(Suphanchaimat, 2015)

Challenges of Health Immigrants Language barriers Individual beliefs

How do Physicians manage care of different races?

Impact on Physicians Cont Medicare Medicaid HMO PPO Statistics of health insurance and impact onphysicians

Where to find information about public health

NPHIC https://www.nphic.

org

National Public Health Information Coalition

Contact 986 Hidden Hollow

Drive Marietta, GA 

30068 770-509-5555 info@nphic.org

(NPHIC, 2015)

Information on Public Health Cont.NPHIC holds monthly calls with the CDC key issues.  Most of these Emergency Preparedness and Health Promotion calls have been recorded and are available in our Audio-Video Library.

(NPHIC, 2015)

Conclusion

Public health is used as a preventive measure against disease and helps individuals live longer. Public health also keeps society and its members up-to-date with the latest pandemics across the nation. Every state in the nation uses public health to ensure a better quality of life for individuals and without public health there would not be research done to prevent the next big ailment.

Resources World Health Organiztion. (2015). Retrieved October 7, 2015, from

http://www.who.int/trade/glossary/story076/en/

Kreinger, N. (2015). 2002 and 2012, cigarette smoking among students in grade 12 decreased from 27.4% to High school seniors 19.3% for male students and from 25.5% to 30 14.5% for female students. Retrieved October 7, 2015, from http://iom.nationalacademies.org/~/media/Files/Activity Files/Environment/EnvironmentalHealthRT/2011-Nov-RT/132291.pdf

Suphanchaimat, R., Kantamaturapoj, K., Putthasri, W., & Prakongsai, P. (2015). Challenges in the provision of healthcare services for migrants: A systematic review through providers’ lens. BMC Health Services Research BMC Health Serv Res, 15(1), 390-410.

Tannahill, B. (2015). Basics of Medicare--Part 2. Journal of Finacial Service Professional, 69(3), 9-13.

National Public Health Information Coalition (NPHIC) - National Public Health Information Coalition (NPHIC). (2015). Retrieved October 7, 2015, from https://www.nphic.org

Williams, S. J. and Torrens, P.R. (2008). "Chapter 6." Introduction to Health Services. (7th ed.) 144-45. Print.