HIV/AIDS Lecture
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Transcript of HIV/AIDS Lecture
HIV and AIDS
Derrick Willard
Providence Day School
Objectives Define HIV and AIDS Understand Infection Learn History Learn Statistics Learn Treatments
Definitions HIV=Human Immunodeficiency
Virus AIDS=Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome
Other Facts
A person can be infected with HIV and not have AIDS
99% of those infected with HIV will eventually develop AIDS
HIV does not kill, secondary infections usually kill
Most people with HIV do not have AIDS
Infection (cellular) HIV invades human T-lymphocyte
cells (special white blood cells) These “Helper T-cells” usually
bind to infected cells and release enzymes which destroy the cell and viruses inside
Lysogenic (latent or dormant) type virus so symptoms of AIDS may not appear for many years
Retrovirus
Infection (body) Sexual Intercourse (vaginal, anal,
or oral) Blood to blood contact (needle
sharing or transfusion) Mother to child during/after
pregnancy NOT BY SWEAT, TEARS, URINE,
OR SALIVA (OR INSECTS)!
History Recent genetic research suggests HIV
jumped species from chimpanzees to humans around 1926
Some researchers say first known case in African man in 1959
Gay men in US, Sweden, Africa, and Haiti show signs of AIDS in 1978
Death rate explodes in 1980s
Statistics (US)-Cumulative Dead
1980: 31dead of AIDS 1981: 422 cases, 159 dead 1982: 1,614 cases, 619 dead 1985: 22,996 cases, 12,592 dead 1990: 198,466 cases, 121,255 dead 1995: 534,806 cases, 332,249 dead 1998: 665,357 cases, 401,028 dead 2006: 531,000 dead
US Trends
Statistics(Global)
1997: Approximate number of HIV positive people is 22 million
1997: Approximate death count due to AIDS is 6.4 million
Miller texts states between 1981 and 2006 that 37 million died of AIDS-related diseases?
Global TrendsSub-Saharan Africa 1985-2004
*Typical graph for Africa and Asia
2008 Global Figures
Treatments No known vaccine or cure HIV mutates glycoproteins too fast to
make an effective vaccine 3 Drug “cocktail” currently in use can
lower amount of HIV in blood and prolong life
Best strategy is prevention Abstinence Avoid blood to blood contact Safe sex
Sources
AEGIS (AIDS Education Global Information System). On the web at: www.aegis.com
www.unaids.org DiSpezio, Michael. The Science of
HIV. National Science Teachers Association. Arlington, VA. 1997.
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