Islamic Conquest

Pahlavi writing

Pahlavi writing

Iranians have maintained some of their pre-Islamic traditions and adapted them with Islamic codes. Finally these two customs and traditions merged and an "Islamic Iranin" identity as a new identity has emerged

Two centuries of silence

Iran was indeed Islamized, but it was not Arabized. Persians remained Persians. And after an interval of silence, Iran reemerged as a separate, different and distinctive element within Islam

The caliphs adopted many Sassanid administrative practices, such as:

- coinage system

-the office of vizier, or minister,

- the divan, a bureaucracy for collecting taxes and giving state stipends.

The Sassanid architecture had a distinctive influence over Islamic architecture

Golden Age of Islam

Science

780 – 850 AD

AlgorithmAlgebra 865 - 925 AD

discovery of alcohol

980 - 1037 AD

The Book of HealingThe Canon of Medicine

al-Khwarizmi

Avicenna

Al-Razi

Philosophy … poetry, …

Omar Khayyam

1048 – 1131 AD

Neo-Platonist, musician

Al-Farabi

870 – 950 AD

MathematicianAstronomer-Poet

And if the Wine you drink, the Lip you press,End in the Nothing all Things end in — Yes —Then fancy while Thou art, Thou art but whatThou shalt be — Nothing — Thou shalt not be less.

(Fitzgerald's translation)

Persian literature of the medieval and pre-modern periods

800-900 AD

The Book of One Thousand and One Nights

1000 AD

Shahname (The Book of Kings)

LiteratureLove Poetry … Sufism

Jalal ad-Din Rumi

1207 – 1273 AD

1310 - 1337 AD

Hafez

Manteq al-Tayr (Conference of the Birds)

1142 – 1220 AD

Attar

romantic epic poet

1141–1209 AD

Nezami

Mongol conquest

A large number of people, particularly males, were killed; between 1220 and 1258, the population of Iran dropped drastically.

The Ilkhan dynasty, lasting from 1251 to 1335

The harsh rule of the Mongols caused an economic decline throughout the 13th century.

Safavid Empire (1502-1736)

The birth of Modern Iran

Founding the modern nation-state of Iran.

Even though Safavids were not the first Shia rulers in Iran, they played a crucial role in making Shia Islam the official religion in the whole of Iran.

The cultural growth was accompanied by considerable development in all forms of art.

In the Safavid era the Persian Architecture flourished again and saw many new monuments, such as Naghsh-i Jahan Square, the biggest historic square in the world.

Constitutional Revolution

Members of the first Majlis (Parliament)

Islamic Revolution