HISTORYDEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY

1H E

OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY

Department of Zoology

A History

b

Ernst I. Dornfeld

a i id

Charles E. King

Oregon State UniversityCorvallis, Oregon

1989

Foreword

As the Department of Zoology at Oregon State University approached its 100th birth-day, it occurred to me that it was time to update the excellent History which had beencompleted by Ernst I. Dornfeld in 1966. For most of the time since Ernst's retirement in1976 the department had been chaired by Charles E. King, and he appeared to be themost appropriate person to undertake this task. This was begun in the fall of 1988, andthe resulting extended version of our history is what fills the following pages.

History buffs should know that this version omits some material included in the 1966edition, but the omissions are minor. Copies of both publications might be soughtthrough the department, the College of Science, the Department of Archives at OSU, orthe main library on campus.

As we go to press, we feel that we are in an era of change in the State System ofHigher Education, and we are uncertain as to the extent to which such change willaffect us. Only time will tell, and therein lies the value of books such as this one. Wehope you will discover within it all you hope to find, and more.

Christopher J. BayneChairpersonDepartment of ZoologyJuly 1989

Contents

Part 1,1889-1966. 1Part II, 1967- 1988 ............................................................... 13

Appendices

I Faculty (1889-1988) ................................................ 25

II Associated Faculty ................................................. 28

III Graduate Degrees in Zoology ............................. 30

IV Chairpersons of the Department of Zoology . . ..36

Part I. 1889 - 1966

by

Ernst J. Dornfeld

Corvallis College offered the first college-levelcurriculum about 1865 when the Rev. W. A.Finley became its president. Before this time,beginning with the incorporation of the college in1858, the program of studies was that of a pre-paratory academy. The faculty of the collegiatedivision consisted of the Rev. W. A. Finley, A.M.,President and Professor of Languages, and theRev. Joseph Emery, Professor of Mathematics.The 1867-68 annual catalog of the college showsthat first-term freshmen included in their course ofstudy the subject of physiology, taught by Prof.Emery.

In 1868 Corvallis College became the Agricul-tural College of the State, and Prof. Emery intro-duced first-term sophomores to a course entitledGeneral Principles of Zoology, using Agassiz'textbook. The physiology and zoology courseswere part of the required "general curriculum"; in1870 a course in entomology was added for the"agricultural curriculum." In this year the collegeacquired a 35-acre farm, which is now part of thepresent campus. Classroom instruction, however,took place in a building near 5th and MadisonStreets, which served this purpose until 1889.

Under the new presidency of B. L. Arnold,A.M., in 1872, biological instruction was organ-ized under the "School of Physics," and the 1872-73 catalog describes the area as follows:

"Here come to be considered the general principlesof life on its physical side. Vegetable and MineralPhysiology, Botany, Zoology. Text Books - Huxley,Carpenter, Gray or Wood, Agassiz. The more im-portant principles will be demonstrated by micro-scope. We hope to have a Spectroscope this year,when spectroscopic analysis will be taught."

Apparently the spectroscope did not material-ize as expected, for the "we hope to have..."statement appears in successive catalogs until1876! Moreover, the courses in zoology, as well asthose in mineralogy and geology, remained in theversatile hands of Prof. Emery until 1882.

In 1883 Edgar Grim, A.B., was appointedProfessor of Chemistry and Agriculture, andsucceeded Emery-jp charge of the courses in

Professor Ernst J. Dornfeld, Chairman,Depart,nent of Zoology, 1952-76 (photo, 1972).

zoology and entomology. Shortly, however, thelatter were transferred to the tutelage of W. N.Hull, A.M., Professor of Physiology and Drawing(sic!). A similar oddity was the title of W. W.Bristow, A.B., Professor of Book-Keeping and BeeCulture. The character of Prof. Hull's coursescan be gleaned from the following catalog de-scriptions (1888-89):

"Physiology: The best method of studying thehuman body is undoubtedly by clinique, but sincethis is not possible except in medical schools, thenext in excellence is by drawing and coloring. Everystudent draws the vital parts of the body upon theblackboard, generally natural size, and recites fromhis own drawings. The value of this display powerand this sight knowledge cannot be overestimated.

"Zoology: Here, again, when the animal formscannot be secured, the graphic art is invaluable.Every student becomes a taxidermist, and thereforepossesses the power of preserving many valuablespecimens. Insect and animal life in their relation tovegetableor plant life, particularly where they benefitor destroy, should be generally studied."

The year 1889 saw the removal of instruction

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College Hall (now Bent on Hall), the first b,,ildi,i,' oji the present campus, completed 1888. Zoology occupiedone, later two rooms on the third floor, 1889-1902. Photo courstesy of University Archives.

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Laboratory and M useuni oft/ic Department ofZoology and Entomology in CollegeHall, 1893. Photo courtesyof University Archives.

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from the original college building at 5th andMadison Streets to the new and first building onthe present campus, the historic structure that isnow Benton Hall.

"The college building is new and commodious,and is unsurpassed for beauty of situation." Atthe same time, a Department of Zoology andEntomology was organized, and placed in chargeof Prof. F. L. Washburn, A.B. (Harvard), who wasalso made first Entomologist of the AgriculturalExperiment Station. The department quartersconsisted of a single room which served as class-room, laboratory, and museum, and was situatedon the third floor; another room was added a littlelater. Prof. Washburn taught three courses:General Zoology, Physiology, and EconomicEntomology; in 1893 he added, as electives,Comparative Anatomy, and Economic Ornithol-ogy. Prof. Hull's approach was materially modi-fled:

"In General Zoology the student learns, by compar-ing the structure of animals, the principles of classi-fication, familiarizes himself or herself with the lifehistories of many, paying special attention to thoseanimals of economic importance. By drawing speci-mens in the laboratory and writing original descrip-tions of the same, the student is trained to independ-ent observation and thought. Textbook: Orton'sComparative Zoology.

"In Physiology each student dissects in the labora-tory a typical mammal in order to get a general ideaof mammalian anatomy, and to better understandreferences in textbooks. Drawings of these dissec-tions are required. Laboratory work further consistsof demonstrations illustrating circulation of theblood, composition of the blood, mechanism andchemistry of respiration, optical phenomena, reflexaction, etc., and the study of tissues with a micro-scope. Textbook: Martin's Human Body."

Washburn served as Professor of Zoology andEntomology until 1895, when he became Professorof Biology at the University of Oregon and subse-quently (1902) State Entomologist of Minnesota.He was succeeded in the fall of 1895 by ArthurBurton Cordley, B.S. (Mich. State), who in 1908also became the first Dean of the School of Agri-culture. Under Cordley's head ship, which ex-tended to 1914, the course offerings of the depart-ment were expanded to include the following:Histology, Embryojogy, Systematic Zoology,Parasitology, Evolution, Advanced Entomology,

and several courses in applied zoology andapplied entomology. Cordley saw to the enlarge-ment of the department staff, adding a successionof assistants and instructors. Included in the latterwere Fred M. McElfresh (1899-1901), William T.Shaw (1901-07), John C. Bridwell (1907-1 0), Fred L.Griffin (1908-1 0), Alice L. Edwards (191 0-16), andGeorge F. Sykes (1910-21). Shaw prepared a largecollection of mounted birds which is now in theHomer Museum. Prof. Cordley was an entomolo-gist, and it was perhaps not accidental that thisinterest dominated the work of the department.Thus, Harley Frost Wilson, who later became headof the entomology department at Wisconsin, wasappointed assistant professor in 1911.

In 1902 the Department of Zoology and Ento-mology was moved from its cramped two-roomquarters in the Administration Building (BentonHall) to the newly completed Agriculture Hall(now Education Hall), which was built at a cost of$42,000. The department was installed on thethird floor, where it occupied seven rooms (office,entomology research laboratory, student labora-tory, general laboratory, lecture room, storeroom,and photographic darkroom); the fourth floorhoused the museum.

When the School of Agriculture was establishedin 1908, with Prof. Cordley as its first Dean, theDepartment of Zoology and Entomology became apart of this unit.

A third move took place in 1910, when thepresent Agriculture Hall (center unit) was com-pleted. Again, the third floor seemed an appropri-ate location, and nine rooms were made available(two offices, research laboratory for entomology,physiology laboratory, general zoology laboratory,two lecture rooms, vault, and photographicdarkroom). The museum remained in its previousquarters on the fourth floor of what was nowrenamed Science Hall (present Education Hall).

In 1914, a separate Department of Entomologywas established, and George F. Sykes, M.A.(Brown), was made Professor and Head of theDepartment of Zoology and Physiology. Duringhis administration there were the followingappointments to the faculty: Irving H. Blake (1913-16), Asa Chandler (1914-19), Elizabeth R. Cole(1915-16), Charlotte N. Hurd (1916-19), HowardM. Wight (191 6-27), Aravilla Taylor (1920-21), andNathan Fasten (1920-44). Dr. Chandler in lateryears achieved eminence as a parasitologist andjoined the Rice Institute. A number of new

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Agriculture Hall (later Science Hall, ,iow Education Hall),completed in 1902. The DepartmentofZoology andEntomology occupied seven rooms on the third floor, 1902-ll0. Photo courtesy of University Archives.

Agriculture Hall. Center unit completed in 1909; wings added in 1911 and 1913. Home of the Departmentof Zoology from 1910 to 1967. The Department first occupied nine rooms on the thi rd floor ofthe center section;later additions included all of the second and third floors in the south wing. Photo courtesy of UniversityArchives.

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Frederick L. Washburn (1860-1927), Head of Department1 889-1895. Department ofEntomology.

Arthur 8. Cordley (1864-1 936),Head of Department 1895-1914.Univ. Arch.

courses were added, among them Game Propaga-tion (Sykes), Animal Parasites (Chandler), Proto-zoology (Chandler), Aquaticulture (Sykes),Taxidermy and Zoological Collecting (Wight),Genetics (Sykes; Fasten), and Animal Ecology(Wight).

Nathan Fasten, Ph.D. (Wis.), who had beenInstructor and Assistant Professor of Zoology atthe University of Washington from 1914 to 1920,replaced Prof. Sykes as Head of the Department ofZoology and Physiology in 1921. The followingyear the department became part of the newlyorganized School of Basic Arts & Sciences whichendured until the foundation of the School ofScience in 1932. The name of the department wasshortened in 1927 to Department of Zoology.While an undergraduate major curriculum wasnot authorized before 1932, graduate study waspossible and the first M.S. degree was awarded in1923 to Walter P. Covell.

Faculty appointments between 1921 and 1932included James E. Lynch (1921-22), Florence S.Hague (1921-26), Wilber D. Courtney (1922-30),John L. Osborn (1923-47), Bess R. Green (1926-29),Kenneth L. Gordon (1927-69), Kimber C. Kuster(1926-27), Edith L. Benedict (1929-38), and WilliamB. Woen (1930-31). James Lynch later becameProfessor of Fisheries at Washington, FlorenceHague became Chairman of Biology at Sweet BriarCollege, and William Owen became Professor ofZoology at Wyoming.

This was a difficult decade, and one not condu-cive to departmental growth. The School of BasicArts & Sciences was "service" oriented and notauthorized to offer-major departmental curricula.

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George F. Sykes (1878-?). Head Nathan Fasten (1887-1953),of Department 1914-1921. The Headof Department 1921-1944.Orange, ool 8 (1915). Photo hi1 E. J. Dornfeld (1940).

This situation and the economic depression of theearly 1930's blocked any significant progress,offered no prospect for the improvement offacilities, and prevented the development of astable staff.

During this crucial period, higher education inOregon was completely reorganized and placedunder a single State Board of Higher Education. Asystem of allocations was devised under whichOregon State College was designated as the centerfor basic and applied sciences. The School ofScience resulted (1932) and major curricula wereauthorized for its several departments. While thisimportant step laid the "legal" foundation forexpansion, the slow recovery from the economicdepression hampered progress. The implementa-tion of the reorganization of higher educationincluded transfer of faculty between the Univer-sity at Eugene and the State College at Corvallis.In this manner the Department of Zoology ac-quired Prof. Arthur Russell Moore and Prof.Rosalind Wulzen. Both Moore (1932-33) andWulzen (1933-47) had been students at the Univer-sity of California of the distinguished physiologist,Jacques Loeb.

The first bachelor's degree in zoologywasawarded in 1932 to Wendell Lee Ball. In 1935Alfred Taylor received the first Ph.D. and wasappointed instructor (1935-40). Other staff addi-tions under the leadership of Nathan Fastenincluded Ernst J. Dornfeld (1938-76), Grant A.Swan (1939-43), Delmar I. Ailman (1939-65), andClifford Grobstein (1940-43).

Under the leadership of the new Dean of theSchool of Science, F. A. Gilfillan (1938), and of

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President A. L. Strand who took office in 1942,strong encouragement was given to the improve-ment of scientific instruction and staff engage-ment in research. The policies were welcomed by"the young men in a hurry" who responded bydeveloping courses of rigorous quality, recruitinggraduate students, and engaging in productiveinvestigations. Facilities and teaching loads leftmuch to be desired, but the blessings of NSF andNIH were still in the future. Research in theDepartment of Zoology during these years in-cluded the discovery and exploration of a nutri-tional anti-stiffness factor (Wulzen), the behaviorand learning responses of ground squirrels(Gordon), the developmental cytology of theovary (Dornfeld), endocrine aspects of fin regen-eration in fishes (Grobstein).

The years of World War 11(1942-45) affected theprogress that had been achieved. Class enroll-ments dwindled as young men were called intomilitary service. In the fall of 1944 the studentsserved by the Zoology Department numbered 292;the previous high, in 1941, was 627. There werebut two undergraduate majors. Staff membersvolunteered for additional instructional duties inthe Army Specialized Training Program. Gordontaught geography, Dornfeld and Grobstein taughtphysics. In 1943 Grobstein left to accept a commis-sion with the air force.

With cessation of hostilities in 1945 a new erabegan. Prof. Kenneth L. Gordon was appointedChairman of the Department of Zoology, replac-ing Nathan Fasten who resigned from the faculty.The return of veterans swelled the enrollment,which reached 814 in the fall of 1946. Addition ofstaff and space were imperative. In this year IvanPratt, Ph.D. (Wis.) and Howard H. Hillemann,Ph.D. (Wis.) were appointed assistant professors.A specialist in parasitology, Dr. Pratt was todevelop this area and invertebrate zoology. Dr.Hillemann, an embryologist, was selected tosucceed Prof. Osborn whose retirement wasimminent. The faculty, now consisting of Drs.Gordon, Allman, Dornfeld, Hillemann, Osborn,Pratt, and Wulzen, immediately addressed theircollective efforts to developing sound policies ofdepartmental operation, curricular standards, andgraduate study. These served as a foundation fororderly growth in the years ahead.

The great increase of students brought statefunds for the purchase of much needed laboratoryequipment, particularly full sets of good micro-

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scopes for the laboratories of embryology, parasi-tology, and cell biology. Space shortages on thecampus were met by the erection of "temporary"quonset huts, Butler huts, and an assortment ofsurplus army barracks. In this way the depart-ment acquired, in 1948, an aluminized Butler hutto house the museum collections and laboratoriesfor vertebrate natural history and ecology. Itstemporary status proved rather enduring.

By 1950 critical space needs also existed inphysiology which had expanded beyond anyability to share rooms with invertebrate zoologyand parasitology. At this moment the President'sresidence was about to be vacated and demol-ished. It was an old frame house that had servedits purpose and stood in the way of planned siteimprovements. The residence was generouslyloaned to the Department of Zoology, and quiteappropriately, too, quipped the President, sincethe rats were already there. The physiologistsfound the mansion roomy and adaptable. Thecellar was good for bulk storage and experimentalnimals; the living room and dining room became

class laboratories; bathtubs made excellent frog,fish, and crayfish tanks; bedrooms were fine forergometer and basal metabolism studies, as wellas for offices.

Further faculty appointments were made in1948, 1949, and 1950. Dr. Wuizen having retired,Hugo M. Krueger, Ph.D. (Mich.), who previouslyheld positions at Michigan and St. Louis Univer-sity, and had just spent two years at Beirut, wasmade Professor of Physiology in 1948. The sameyear, Robert M. Storm, who completed his Ph.D.as a student of Prof. Gordon, was appointedInstructor and taught courses in ornithology,mammalogy, and herpetology. In 1949 Carl L.Anderson, Dr. P. H. (Mich.), Professor of Hygiene& Health Education in the Division of PhysicalEducation, was added to the Zoology staff on apart-time basis to teach a course in human biol-ogy. Max W. DeLaubenfels, Ph.D. (Stanford), awidely known authority on the systematics ofsponges, was brought from the University ofHawaii to become Professor of Zoology in 1950.Prof. deLaubenfels took charge of the freshmancourse in general zoology.

The postwar influx of students was at thegraduate as well as undergraduate level. In thespring of 1951, 29 graduate majors were enrolled.Over a three-year period, 29 Master's degrees andtwo Ph.D.'s. were conferred.

Zoology Staff, May 1947. Upper row (1. to r.): Samuel F. Toevs (grad. asst.), Robert M. Storm (grad. asst.),Walter S. Vincent (grad. asst.), Virginia Weimer (grad. asst.), Amelia Jaramillo (secretary), Samuel W. Lesher(grad. asst.). Lower row: Ernst I. Dornfeld, Howard H. Hil!emann, John L. Osborn, Ivan Pratt, Kenneth L.Gordon, Rosalind Wuizen, Delmar I. Ailman.

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Zoology Faculty, June 1955. Standing (1. to r.): Kt'u,,eth L. Gordon, Howard H. Hzlle,nann, Ernst J. Dorufeld,Austin W. Pritchard, Robert M. Storm. Seated: Delman I. Ailman, Hugo M. Krueger, Rosalind WuI:e'n, Carl L.Anderson, Max W. de Lauhenfels.

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In 1952, after serving eight years as chairman,Dr. Gordon relinquished this office and wassucceeded by Prof. Ernst J. Dornfeld. The depart-ment was now in a period of rapid growth.Because of the part-time affiliation of Dr. Kruegerwith the Department of Animal Husbandry andthe need for expanding physiology, Austin W.Pritchard, Ph.D. (Hawaii) was added to the facultyin 1953. Dr. Pritchard took charge of the introduc-tory course in physidlogy and developed ad-vanced instruction in general and comparativephysiology. Prof. Krueger's specialty becamemammalian physiology.

Alfred Owczarzak, Ph.D. (Wis.) arrived in 1955to work with Prof. Dornfeld as research associate.His appointment to the instructional staff twoyears later permitted expansion in cellular biol-ogy. Dr. Owczarzak took over the courses inhistology, microtechnique, and experimentalembryology, and initiated formal instruction inhistochemistry and tissue culture.

An important step in 1955 was the addition of ageneticist. A beginning course in this subject hadbeen taught since 1914 and parallel courses hadsprung up in a number of other departments. Inorder to consolidate these, as recommended by theinter-departmental genetics committee, andstrengthen the field by adding graduate instruc-tion, the appointment of James D. Mohler, Ph.D.(Calif.), was made. Facilities for Dr. Mohler'swork were duly installed in the President'smansion where his flies joined the menagerie ofthe physiologists. His course in theoreticalgenetics became a basic contribution to the gradu-ate programs in genetics.

In 1957 the first unit of Cord ley Hall, the newbuilding for the biological sciences, was com-pleted. While it was originally hoped that thisunit would house the Departments of Botany andZoology, space did not permit and the buildingwas assigned to Botany, Horticulture, and Ento-mology. As the Department of Botany & PlantPathology had previously occupied the secondfloor in the south wing of Agriculture Hall, thisspace was now available for Zoology. Since therewas also pressure to demolish the President's oldresidence, physiology and genetics moved back tothese quarters. The contiguity with other zoologi-cal laboratories had advantages, but the facilitiesoffered by Agriculture Hall were painfully obso-lete and no net gain of space was achieved

The death of Prof. de Laubenfels, following a

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brief illness in February of 1958, necessitated hisreplacement in the fall. Frederick L. Hisaw, Jr.,Ph.D. (Harvard), was appointed to take charge ofthe large freshman course and to develop gradu-ate work in endocrinology. The following yearCyrus Mayshark,H.S.D. (Indiana), inherited thecourse in human biology from Prof. Carl Ander-son, whose increased responsibilities in theDivision of Physical Education required hiswithdrawal from the zoology staff.

The School of Science had some yearsprevi-ously acquired an electron microscope, but itseffective use suffered for lack of a qualified personto take full-time charge and to train potentialinvestigators in its operation. In 1960 James D.Newstead, who was pursuing doctoral researchunder Prof. Dornfeld and had special training inthe electron microscopy laboratory of Dr. H.Stanley Bennett in Seattle, was given this responsi-bility and appointed instructor.

The spring of 1962 brought from the Universityadministration the long-sought approval top1roceed with the planning of a new building forthe department, the first addition to Cordley Hall.Calculations and projections indicated that a four-story building of about 60,000 net square feet wasrequired. Another story was to be added toprovide additional research space for the Depart-ments of Botany and Entomology. The prelimi-nary plans for this building were prepared duringthe summer, together with grant proposals forfederal aid to supplement the anticipated statefunds. Drs. Dornfeld and Owczarzak carried theprincipal responsibility for this work, coordinatingthe requirements of the staff, and translating theseinto specifications and drawings. The architec-tural work was assigned to the Portland firm ofBear, McNeil, Schneider, Bloodworth & Hawes

The fall of 1962 saw the faculty addition ofRonald H. Alvarado, Ph.D. (Wash. State) to whomfell the task of organizing a physiology coursesuitable to the needs of pharmacy students andother advanced undergraduates. Dr. Alvaradoalso shared the instruction of general zoology withDr. Hisaw as enrollment in this course hadclimbed from 255 to 547 in two years. On thegraduate level, Dr. Alvarado directed work onmembrane permeability and ion transfer mecha-nisms.

The same year the department set up aninstructorship with the responsibility of supervis-ing and coordinating the freshman laboratories,

Zoology Faculty, June 1966. Standi,o' (1. to r.): John K. Ellis, La Von C. Johnson, James D. Mohier, AlfredOwczarzak, Ronal H. Alvarado, Austin W. Pritchard, Frederick L. Hisaw, Thomas D. Dnrrozi', Patricia J. Jarris.Seated (I. to r.): Robert M. Storm, Hugo M. Krueger, Howard H. Hillemanu, Kenneth L. Gordon, Ernst I. Dornfc'ld,Ivan Pratt.

which now ran into 29 sections. Given to anexperienced graduate assistant in the last year ofhis doctoral work, this appointment was awardedto David E. Kerley, and the following years toGlenn A. Anderson, John C. Belton, Thomas D.Darrow, and Eugene C. Fuller. A similar position,for coordination of the physiology laboratorysections, was instituted in 1966, and first held byGeorge S. Aispach.

During his sabbatical year of research at theUniversity of Syracuse, Dr. Mohler's duties weretemporarily assumed by Lester J. Newman, Ph.D.(Wash. Univ., St. Louis), who subsequently joinedthe Biology faculty of Portland State College.

James Newstead had resigned as electronmicroscopist in 1963 in order to pursue postdoc-toral study. His successor, appointed in 1964 asAssistant Professor of Zoology, was Patricia J.Harris, Ph.D. (Calif.). Dr. Harris' research on theultrastructure of the mitotic apparatus at Berkeleyhad gained international attention. Within a yearDr. Harris was successful in obtaining grant fundsfor a second electron microscope and support for aresearch program on the structural analysis of celldivision.

In 1965 Cyrus Mayshark, who had been incharge of the course in human biology, accepted aposition at the University of Tennessee as Head ofthe Department tf Hygiene and Health Education.

He was replaced in the Zoology Department byJohn K. Ellis, Ph.D. (Mich.). Also, Prof. Allman,who for many years taught human anatomy andapplied physiology, reached retirement age andwas succeeded by La Von C. Johnson, M.A. (Utah).

Of foremost concern to the department was, ofcourse, the new building, the preliminary plans ofwhich were drawn in the summer of 1962. In thespring of 1963 the State Legislature gave approvalfor its construction, and the National ScienceFoundation provided a matching grant of $425,000which was subsequently increased to $446,000.Unhappily, however, a tax referendum in Octobercancelled the higher education building program,and the whole matter was put off for a biennium.Success finally came in the legislative session of1965, and an additional grant of $190,000 wasreceived from the National Institutes of Health;the Higher Education Facilities Program (Title I)also contributed $364,777. By the time of bidopening, December 7th, construction costs hadrisen so high that there was much apprehension.Surprisingly and to everyone's relief, the bidscame below the architects' estimates. The buildingwas completed in 1967 at a cost of $3,137,0J0 (Stateof Oregon $2,136,223; federal grants $1,000,777). Ithas gross square footage of 125,106 and a netfootage of 73,547.

Also of importance to the department was the

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The New Addition" to Cordley Hall, completed in 1968. The Department of Zoology occupies the first, second,third, and fifth floors. This view is from the East.

completion in 1965 of the Marine Science Center atNewport, located on the south shore of YaquinaBay. This facility of the University, operating on atwelve-month basis with Dr. Joel W. Hedgpeth asthe first resident director, has both laboratory andfield research facilities as well as 38,000 square feetof floor space and a dock to accommodate theOSU oceanographic vessel.

Further additions to the Zoology faculty weremade in 1966. Since Dr. Pratt's program inparasitology had grown to consume all of his time,Richard L. Miller, Ph.D. (Chicago), was appointedto take over the work in invertebrate zoology.Likewise, the load of Dr. Storm required relief,and John A. Wiens, Ph.D. (Wis.), was brought in toassume responsibility for ecology and ornithology.Both also joined the lecture team in generalzoology and made it possible for the departmentto grant "released time" to one staff member eachterm for research at the marine laboratory.

Prof. Mohier, who for eleven years had capablymanaged the area of genetics, was offered aposition at the University of Iowa in the fall of1966, which he decided to accept. His place wasfilled by Paul A. Roberts, Ph.D. (Chicago), whosince 1962 had been on the staff of the Oak RidgeNational Laboratory where he was engaged in

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research on the cytogenetics and developmentalgenetics of Diptera.

Student enrollment in the department stood at814 in 1946. A temporary decline followed thedisappearance of the G.I. bill students, but by 1956the loss had been regained. Five years later, in thefall of 1961, the children of the war veteransarrived and the enrollment surged sharply up-ward. This trend continued unabated with 2,187students enrolled in zoology classes in the fall of1965. Also between 1961 and 1965 the number ofundergraduate zoology majors climbed from 22 to167, graduate majors from 31 to 61.

The number of higher degrees awarded inZoology mounted rapidly after 1948. By 1966 atotal of 113 master's degrees and 57 Ph.D.'s hadbeen conferred.

Departmental research activity, closely en-meshed with the program of graduate instruction,has been decisively assisted and accelerated bynumerous grants from federal, state, and privateagencies, particularly the National Science Foun-dation and the Public Health Service. Throughthese grants the acquisition of research equipmenthas been substantial, and funds have been pro-vided for the salaries of research assistants andassociates. Further help for graduate students has

come from an increasing number of teachingassistantships and from fellowships and trainee-ships (NSF, PHS, Rockefeller Foundation, NDEA,and other agencies).

While space does not permit a full account ofpast and present research programs in the depart-ment, it may be noted that during the twenty-yearperiod from 1946 to 1965 the published resultsappeared in 271 articles, as opposed to about 40during the preceding two decades.

This brief history of the Department of Zoologyhas been essentially a chronology. In compressingthe span of almost eighty years into a few pages,much has had to be omitted. Various members ofthe staff have held offices in national and regionalprofessional organizations and have served onscientific advisory and editorial committees. Inter-national meetings and sabbaticals have involvedthe faculty in foreign travel. There have been

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awards for outstanding teaching and research.Important work has been performed by depart-mental committees. It has not been possible todetail the valuable contributions of the long list ofgraduate teaching and research assistants, or tocomment on the careers of the graduates who arescattered throughout the country and in foreignlands. Many of the latter have made distinguishedrecords. Nor would the department have beenbuilt without the loyal services of competentsecretaries.

The centennial of the University will coincidewith the first year of the department in CordleyHall. To paraphrase the remark of 1889 concern-ing Zoology's first home, "the building is new andcommodious, and is unsurpassed for excellence ofits facilities." It will make an auspicious startingpoint for the next history of the department. J

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Part II. 1967-1988

by Charles E. King

Preface

Departments, like organisms, evolve andZoology at Oregon State University (OSU) in 1988is not what it was in 1967. The history of a depart-ment is a Lamarckian record of cultural evolutioncontaining obvious analogies to the forces thatdrive biological evolution. Several of the facultylineages in our department have a long history ofdescent with change. The departments first cellbiology position was held by Arthur Cordley atthe turn of the century. This position has subse-quently been occupied by George Sykes (1910-1921), Nathan Fasten (1921-1944), Ernst Dornfeld(1938-1976), Robert Hard (1978-1985), and RobertGimlich (1988-present). Radiating from thislineage have been other cell biology positions suchas those occupied by Alfred Owczarzak (1955-1983), Patricia Harris (1964-1973), and Frank Conte(1963-present). Other lineages have been greatlymodified as time has passed, and still others arenow extinct.

The selection that drives this process of culturalevolution is carried out both at the level of theCollege of Science, the immediate source of allpositions, and at the level of the department wherethe chairman and the faculty jointly track develop-ing areas of zoology. The most obvious quantita-tive aspect of a departmentthe number offacultyis determined by the university admini-stration. The dominant qualitative aspectthedistribution of subject-area specialties within thedepartmentis usually determined by the currentfaculty. A large stochastic factor also influencesthe structure of a department since it is impossibleto predict accurately the course of individualcareers or the vicissitudes of federal and statefunding. We will see each of these factors at workin the following pages.

Updating the departmental history at this timeseems particularly appropriate since 1989 willmark the start of the second century of the Depart-ment of Zoology at Oregon State University. Intruth, although I gained an appreciation for thevalue of a departmental history while I waschairman of the Department of Zoology, I did notlook forward to the task of preparing this update.To my surprise the experience has been an enjoy-able one. Too often we take our surroundings forgranted. In gathepng the material for this update,I have renewed mappreciation of the many

contributions made by my colleagues to both ourscience and our students. And it is also clear thatthese contributions are a two-way street for thesuccess of the department, in large measure,reflects the success of its students, both past andpresent.

As Ernst Dornfeld stated in Part I, a briefhistory is essentially a chronology in which muchinformation is omitted. Because I am dealing with22 rather than 78 years, I have also attempted togive some impressions of the academic climateduring this period. This climate includes changesin the discipline as a whole as well as modifica-tions of the federal, state, and private resourcesavailable to support the department. I have alsoattempted to give more detail on faculty interestsand activities than was possible in Part I.

On behalf of the entire department, faculty andstudents alike, a number of acknowledgments arein order. First and foremost, none of this historywould have taken place without the continuingsupport of the Oregon taxpayer. However, as willbe made clear, major developments have alsoreflected the generosity of many alumni andfriends of the department. Prominent on this listare funds the department has received from theBraley Estate and for the Wayne and GladysValley Chair in Marine Biology. Financial supporthas also been received from the department'sfaculty--for instance, the current OSU Foundationreport of donors lists contributions by approxi-mately one-half of the faculty present during the1987-88 academic year. Particularly notable is thegift from our emeritus colleague and his wife, Pro-fessor and Mrs. Hugo Krueger, of the Wulzen-Krueger Fellowship for a graduate student inphysiology. And finally, the department's devel-opment and atmosphere also reflect the dedicatedservices of its staff. In this category, I would rec-ognize the many and varied contributions of itshead secretariesClaudia Hamren (1978-80),Penny Miller Hardesty (1980-81)and its manage-ment assistant, Pam McAllister (1979-1987).Particular gratitude is due Dianne Rowe (1981-present) who first as head secretary, and then asadministrative assistant, has continuouslybreathed life, spirit, and joy into our day-to-dayprofessional lives. J

13

Faculty

Update on Faculty Covered in Part IThree of the faculty chronicled in the first part

of this history are still active. Fred Hisaw* hascontinued to play an important role in the depart-ment's non-major physiology instructional pro-gram. He teaches the two-course sequence inmammalian physiology that serves students inpharmacy and the pie-professional health sciencesand one of the three terms of our human anatomyand physiology sequence that is required for stu-dents majoring in health and physical education.

Austin Pritchard teaches the other two terms ofthe non-major's human anatomy and physiologysequence and shares instruction of the major'sphysiology course and the 15-credit MarineBiology course taught at the Hatfield MarineScience Center each spring. In addition to theseduties, Austin serves as head adviser to theZoology undergraduates and faculty adviser ofthe Zoology Club. He is currently Assistant Chair-man of the department.

Paul Roberts was appointed to the departmentjust as Part I of the history came to a close. Hisinstructional duties include genetics, evolution,and genetics of organisms. His research onDrosophila cytogenetics has recently been ex-panded into the area of molecular genetics. Paul isalso interested in basic determinants of senescenceand has conducted National Institutes of Health-sponsored research in experimental gerontologyusing fruit flies as model organisms.

Seven of the faculty active when Part I endedhave subsequently retired, or died while stillactive. Dates for Ernst Dornfeld, Kenneth Gordon,Howard Hilleman, and Ivan Pratt are listed in Ap-pendix I. These valued colleagues have since died.Happily, Bob Storm, Alfred Owczarzak, and HugoKrueger, although retired, still live in Corvallisand make regular appearances in the department.

The remaining active faculty covered in Part Ihave, with one exception, left OSU. Jeff Gonorcontinues as a full-time Professor and HeadAdviser in the College of Oceanography. RichardMiller is now at Temple University, Ron Alvaradois at Arizona State University, Pat Harris is at theUniversity of Oregon, and John Wiens went to theUniversity of New Mexico and has subsequentlymoved to Colorado State University.

Faculty active at the end of J988 are first indicated inboldface print.

14

New FacultyTo expand the area of cellular and molecular

biology at OSU, three new faculty positions wereestablished by the College of Science in 1963. Oneof these--cell physiology--was awarded to FrankP. Conte (Ph.D., University of California,Berkeley). Temporary facilities were found forFrank's research in Weniger Hall under the aegisof the Department of General Science. When theCordley Hall addition was occupied in 1967, hisfaculty position was transferred to Zoology. Hisresearch has involved investigations of the mecha-nisms of salt secretion by epithelial cells found inanimals living in saline habitats, particularly brineshrimp and brine flies. This research has takenFrank to marine and saline lake stations in Japan,Africa, Italy, France, Australia, and Spain. He hasalso served as a program director for regulatorybiology at the National Science Foundation andbeen an invited member of the National ResearchCouncil Mono Lake Basin Ecosystem Studycommittee.

In 1967 Paul Roberts of Zoology joined withfellow geneticists in Botany and Microbiology toappeal for more support of genetics by the Collegeof Science. Two positions were obtainedone fora molecular geneticist to be housed in the Depart-ment of Biochemistry and a second for a popula-tion geneticist to be housed in the Department ofZoology.

Successful search strategies sometimes subsumeserendipity. In this search the serendipity oc-curred when a six-year-old girl pointed her fingerat a twenty-foot pfle of excavation dirt and said:"Daddy, look at that mountain!" "At that point,"recounts Seattle native Peter S. Dawson (Ph.D.,University of California, Berkeley), "I knew it wastime to leave central Illinois."

Pete's research, which has received generoussupport from the National Science Foundation,focuses on genetic factors influencing the outcomeof competition between two species of flourbeetles. Although his graduate study at Berkeleywas in the Department of Genetics, his approachto this problem broadened to include ecologicalfactors while he was at the University of Illinois.This resulted from his association with CharlesKing (see below) and was continued after hisarrival at Oregon State University in 1969 throughextensive interaction with John Wiens. One of the

major benefits of this interaction was the establish-ment of a new course in Population Biology whichcontinues to occupy a central position in thedepartment's advanced undergraduate curricu-lum. Pete is currently investigating the effects ofdifferent environments in modifying the course ofnatural selection both within species and betweenthe two competing species.

Following the departure of Richard Miller forTemple University in 1968, the department soughtto rebuild its strength in marine biology and ad-vertised broadly for a replacement to fill thisposition. Among the applicants was John E.Morris (Ph.D., UCLA) who was completing apostdoctoral research program at the University ofChicago following two years as a postdoctoralfellow at Wenner Gren's Institute in Stockholm.Although John had conducted research usingmarine invertebrates, his central expertise was incellular aspects of developmental biology. Fortu-nately, the department recognized a rare opportu-nity and added John to its faculty. His subsequent"marine" research has been on the cell biology ofretina development in chickens and on the interac-tions between the cell surface of embryos and theuterine epithelium in mice. He has concentratedon the role of a class of molecules, the proteogly-cans, involved in the interaction of the cell surfacewith the extracellular matrix.

John has been one of the most active facultymembers in departmental governance. He has aparticular talent for stimulating his colleagues toconsider issues more carefully. His departmentalservice includes the positions of Assistant Chair-man and Acting Chairman of Zoology. John alsomaintains a high profile in university affairs,having served as Vice President and President ofthe OSU Chapter of the American Association ofUniversity Professors. In addition to continuinghis research, which has been funded by both theNational Science Foundation and National Insti-tutes of Health, John is currently Associate Deanof the College of Science.

In 1970 John Morris was assigned more appro-priate duties in the area of developmental biology,and the department again decided to search for amarine invertebrate biologist. This time the searchled to the hiring in 1971 of Christopher J. Bayne(Ph.D., University of Wales). Following comple-tion of his Ph.D., Chris participated in a RoyalSociety expedition,..to Aldabra in the Indian Oceanand undertook postdoctoral research at the Uni-

versity of Michigan. His studies were focused onvarious aspects of the ecology and physiology ofgastropod molluscs (snails and slugs). However,after joining our department Chris undertook jointresearch with Alfred Owczarzak on a study of theresponse of a freshwater snail to infection withblood flukes and then, more broadly, his researchbecame focused on the comparative immunologyof compatibility and resistance in host-parasitesystems. Such changes are encouraged for theypermit a department to track the rapid shifts in ascientific area; were this not so, readjustment offaculty expertise to recent developments wouldonly occur when new faculty were hired.

In another context, the re-focusing of Chris'research to problems associated with parasite-hostinteractions followed the tradition of his predeces-sor in this position, Ivan Pratt. In 1965, when theMarine Science Center opened, Ivan shifted mostof his instructional and research activities to thecoast. At about the same time the field of parasi-tology underwent a great reorientation. The newemphasis was less descriptive and focused onfunctional questions such as "How are parasitesable to escape the defense systems of their hosts?"and "How are hosts able to decrease the damagedone by their parasites?" Both are fundamentalquestions in the field of immunoparasitology, andthe department is fortunate to have Chris repre-senting this important area.

Since joining our faculty in 1971, Chris Baynehas brought over $1,100,000 of federal researchmonies to the University and State of Oregon.Over the same period, his total salary from thestate has been less than half this amount. Similarstatistics could be gathered for several other fac-ulty who are now active in the department. On adepartment-wide basis, the information presentedbelow is a record in which we can take pride.

Total TotalYear Faculty Salaries Grant Expenditures78/79 $ 425.590 $ 455,618

79/80 472.777 359.667

80/81 419,365 478,618

81/82 452,401 502,290

82/83 452,106 893.939

83/84 461,374 479,586

84/85 427,735 343.481

85/86 462.004 518,165

86/87 521,024 537,556

87/88 580,022 610,742

$4,701,398 $5.1 79,662

15

Obviously, from an economic standpoint itwould be difficult to imagine a better investmentfor Oregon than more growth of this type.

With the shift of Chris Bayne into cellularaspects of parasitology, the department's staffingneeds in marine biology again returned to theforefront. In response, Marjorie Reaka (Ph.D.,University of California, Berkeley) was employedin 1975. She remained for one year and then leftfor the University of Maryland. In 1976 thedepartment recruited a married couple, BruceMenge (Ph.D., University of Washington) andJane Lubchenco (Ph.D., Harvard University), tofill the position in marine biology. Husband-wifeteams in academic life have historically haddifficulties in securing suitable positions for bothindividuals. The traditional answer to this di-lemma has been for one member, almost alwaysthe wife, either to drop out of science or to accept aless appropriate position (e.g., research assistant,part-time lecturer, etc.). Both Bruce and Jane fullymet the advertised criteria for the position inmarine biology, and both were highly desirableappointees. Therefore, a new arrangement forOSU tenure-track faculty was set up. Both wereappointed independently to half-time positionswith the understanding that they would beindependently evaluated and each would beassigned half the normal duties of a full-timefaculty member. This arrangement has been to thegreat advantage of the Department of Zoology forwe have gained two productive colleagues for the"price" of one. The primary benefit to Bruce andJane, in Bruces words, is that "both of us canteach, do research, have equivalent tenure-trackpositions in the same institution, AND havesufficient time to be intimately involved in parent-ing our two sons."

Because of their extraordinary talents and zealfor scholarly research, Jane and Bruce have joinedthe ranks of the world's leaders in experimentalmarine ecology. Bruce's research focus is thedetermination of ecological forces producingcommunity structure in rocky intertidal systems.His concentration tends to be on prey-predatorrelationships. Jane pursues similar problems atthe population level by studying marine plant-herbivore interactions. Her most recent work hasbeen an investigation of plant chemicals, so-calledsecondary compounds, that possess anti-herbivoreeffects and provide at least one explanation ofwhy the world is green. In recognition of their

16

exceptional productivity, the Dean of the Collegeof Science has increased their employment to twofull-time positions.

With the retirement of Howard Hilleman in1975, instructional needs were created in the areasof comparative vertebrate anatomy and embry-ology. John A. Ruben (Ph.D., University ofCalifornia, Berkeley) was selected as Howard'sreplacement. John's professional background isunusually diverse. After completing a bachelor'sdegree in wildlife management at Humboldt StateCollege, he obtained a master's degree in paleon-tology at Berkeley. He then moved to Berkeley'sZoology Department for his doctoral researchwhere he combined environmental physiologyand functional morphology in a study of snakes.This diversity has continued to be reflected inJohn's research and teaching. Since joining theOSU Zoology Department, John has conductedNSF-sponsored research on morphological evolu-tion in snakes, U.S. Park Service-sponsoredresearch on the John Day Fossil Beds in easternOregon, an NSF-funded project on the effects ofash from the Mount St. Helens eruption on salmonsmolt, and a Sea Grant investigation of the biologyof exercise-induced hypercalcemia in fish. Johnteaches Natural History of the Vertebrates, Com-parative Anatomy, and Physiological Ecology.

When John Wiens left for New Mexico in 1978,a substantial gap was created in the department'svertebrate ecology staff. The advertised positiondrew over 200 applications, and it was with greatdifficulty that the search committee reduced thisnumber to a short list of ten individuals. Five ofthese ten were invited to campus. After extensiveinterviews, Andrew R. Blaustein (Ph.D., Univer-sity of California, Santa Barbara), who had servedthe department as an instructor for GeneralZoology, was appointed to the position.

Andy's doctoral research had been a field studyof rodents in which he had found that competitioninfluences their spatial, temporal, and reproduc-tive patterns. Shortly after joining our depart-ment, he initiated joint research with his postdoc-toral associate, Richard OHara, who had noticedthat the larvae of certain frog species form aggre-gations in mountain lakes. Starting with this ob-servation, he demonstrated that these aggrega-tions were probably composed primarily ofsiblings, and that individuals were able to recog-nize one another by their degree of relatedness.Andy has found that an animal reared in total

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isolation can recognize as kin both sibs and half-sibs it has never seen before. This research hashelped to resolve a major scholarly debate amongevolutionary and behavioral biologists. While theability of some organisms to recognize kin hasbeen known for some time, it was not knownwhether this recognition was based on learned orinnate characteristics. Andy's research suggeststhat some species have a strong genetic compo-nent involved in their kin recognition system. Hisresearch has been sponsored by three separateNational Science Foundation grants as well as anaward from the National Geographic Society.Currently Andy is in the process of testing severalhypotheses concerning the adaptive value of kinrecognition in larval amphibians.

When Ernst Dornfeld retired in 1976, he left twopositions vacant that of cell biology facultymember and department chairman. The cellbiology position was filled in 1978 with theemployment of Robert Hard (Ph.D., State Univer-sity of New York at Albany), a specialist in ciliastructure and function. Bob remained with usuntil 1985 when he was offered a position at themedical school of the State University of NewYork at Buffalo. His replacement, Robert Gimlich(Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley), joinedthe department in the Fall of 1988 following post-doctoral fellowships in cell biology at BaylorCollege of Medicine and Scripps Clinic andResearch Foundation. Bob studies the cell biologyof early development in vertebrates using em-bryos of a southern African frog as his experimen-tal organism. He is particularly interested in theoperation of cell to cell signalling mechanismsduring embryonic induction of the larval muscula-ture and central nervous system. Using morpho-logical, pharmacological, and molecular geneticapproaches to study intracellular signal transduc-tion and cell-cell communication via specializedjunctions, Bob is attempting to delineate earlyevents during development that determinepatterns of cell fates.

Since Ernst had been chairman of the depart-ment for 25 years, both the dean of the college andthe faculty of the department thought it appropri-ate to bring in a replacement from outside theuniversity with a new perspective. The positionwas announced nationally and in 1977, after anextensive search, I (Charles E. King, Ph.D.,University of Washington) was named the newchairman. My postdoctoral work, in 1965, in-

18

volved formulating computer simulation modelsof zooplankton population growth at the Centerfor Quantitative Studies of the University ofWashington. Following completion of this re-search, I spent a year as an instructor at YaleUniversity and then went to the University ofIllinois as an assistant professor. While there I metanother young faculty member in Zoology, PeteDawson. For two years, during shared dailylunches of canned soup and saltines, I learnedpopulation genetics from Pete while he leArnedpopulation ecology from me. This experienceprofoundly influenced our future paths in bothteaching and research. For instance, when Iaccepted subsequent faculty positions at YaleUniversity, the University of South Florida, andOSU, my courses were either in genetics or had astrong genetic orientation.

My research combines population genetics andecology to quantify the population structure andevolutionary dynamics of rotifer populations. Iam particularly interested in how these smallzpoplankton adapt to seasonal variation in thephysical and biological environments of theirlakes and ponds. In addition to National ScienceFoundation support, I have obtained support alsofrom the National Institutes of Health to pursuemy research interests in the genetics of ageing. Iam currently using mitochondrial DNA analysisto characterize gene flow in rotifers.

My discussions with Dean Robert Krauss of theCollege of Science during negotiations over thechairmanship centered around the need forZoology to develop a focus in cell biology thatwould parallel the strong group that had beenassembled in ecological and evolutionary biology.As a result of these discussions, two new positionswere added to the department. In the fall of 1978the Department held a weekend retreat at theMenucha Conference Center in the ColumbiaGorge. One of the major topics of this meetingwas how best to use the new positions. Afterextensive discussion of both the department'sinstructional needs and research specialties of cellbiology that held great promise for major concep-tual progress, two areas were selected for the newappointments: neurobiology and behavioralendocrinology.

The first of these positions was filled by PhilipH. Brownell (Ph.D., University of California,Riverside). Following completion of his doctoralwork on the neurobiology of prey localization by

scorpions, Phil moved to the University of Califor-nia, San Francisco, where he held Sloan Founda-tion and National Institutes of Health postdoctoralfellowships to study neural control of cardiovis-ceral function in the sea hare Aplysia. This workwas continued, again with NIH support, after hisarrival at OSU in the fall of 1979. Phil has recentlyreturned to his studies relating sensory physiologyto behavior in scorpions. He has found that thepectines, comblike structures of hitherto unknownfunction, are actually chemosensory organs thatfunction in prey and predator detection and alsoin mating behavior. This research is being spon-sored by the National Science Foundation.

An appointee for the second new position wasfound closer to home. Frank L. Moore (Ph.D.,University of Colorado) was employed by theOSU Department of General Science on a tempo-rary faculty line from 1975 to 1979. He quicklygained a reputation as one of the finest teachers inthe department. He also obtained NationalScience Foundation Support for his research onthe reproductive endocrinology of the rough-skinned newt and began producing an outstand-ing series of publications that would make thisorganism a new model for studies of endocrinecontrol of reproductive behavior. Since theDepartment of General Science did not have atenure-track position available, the Department ofZoology was able to arrange the addition of Frankto its faculty. Two years later he was awarded aNational Institutes of Health Research CareerDevelopment Award (RCDA). This award,perhaps the most prestigious available to a youngscientist, provided full salary to Frank for a periodof five years so that he could concentrate hisenergies on his research program. AlthoughFrank maintained an active role in the depart-ment's graduate program during his RCDA, hisNIH grant reimbursed the department for hissalary so we were able to employ other youngscientists (Drs. Paul Shirk and Jack Rose) to teachFrank's undergraduate courses.

Frank's RCDA ended in 1986. He then resumedfull instructional duties and his research alsocontinued at a vigorous rate. He is currentlyinvestigating the role of small neuropeptides inregulating male sexual responsiveness. Thesestudies have brought five postdoctoral associatesto Frank's laboratory. One of his papers deservesspecial note. AlQng with his wife, Dr. KathleenMoore of the OSU Philosophy Department, Frank

has published an article entitled "Look out forNewts" in that favorite journal of all grade schoolstudents: Ranger Rick. With such foresight inrecruiting, it seems likely that Frank will continueto maintain a laboratory that is bulging at itsseams with bright young students and post-docs.

When faculty are added to a department, theyare expected to participate in the education of thenext generation of scholars by serving as majorprofessors to graduate students. Collectively, thefive assistant professors employed from 1976 toI 979Drs. Blaustein, Brownell, Lubchenco,Menge, and Moorehave graduated 17 studentswith the M.S. degree and 12 students with thePh.D. Doctoral students graduating from thesefive laboratories have gone on to become facultymembers and postdoctoral fellows at Stanford,Brown, and Notre Dame, at the Universities ofNew Mexico, Missouri, California, Maryland,Colorado, South Carolina and the Virgin Islands,and to become staff members at the CabrilloMarine Museum, the National Institutes of Health,and Hopkins Marine Station. The five Zoologyfaculty currently have two master's and 16 doc-toral students working under their tutelage.

A signal event occurred in 1984 when Robert M.Storm retired after being associated with thedepartment as a graduate student and then afaculty member for 45 years. When I joined thedepartment in 1977, I frequently heard faculty,students, and office staff saying "Doc" did this, or"Doc" did that, or ask "Doc," or "Doc" said, etc. Inan environment in which doctorates are morecommon than short speeches, the appellation"Doc" caused me a certain amount of confusion. Isoon learned, however, that there was only onereal "Doc" and his last name was Storm. Inaddition to acting as head advisor to all Zoologyundergraduates, as faculty advisor to the ZoologyClub, and as Assistant Chairman of the depart-ment, Doc maintained a full instructional load andwas active in herpetological research and writingup to the time of his retirement. As befits a CarterAwardee for Inspirational Teaching, his courses inherpetology, ornithology, zoogeography, andvertebrate biology were among the most popularin the department. Such faculty members are notreplaceable; one merely searches for anotherperson to begin again the process of building aprogram in the area.

The department chose to advertise broadly inthe area of vertebrate ecology. As with the last

19

Robert "Doc" Storm. Photo taken in the late I 970snear Denio, Nevada.

search for an ecologist, a large number of applica-tions was received. Two candidates emerged ashighly desirable colleagues. After much discus-sion with the upper administration, the depart-ment received permission to hire both individuals.F. Lynn Carpenter (Ph.D., University of California,Berkeley), an established faculty member at theUniversity of California, Irvine, whose researchfocused on the ecology of hummingbirds, wasappointed Associate Professor. Unfortunately,personal considerations led to her return toCalifornia after two years on our faculty.

The other person identified in the search forDoc's replacement was Mark A. Hixon (Ph.D.,University of California, Santa Barbara). Mark'sdoctoral research included the first publishedexperimental demonstration of competitionbetween natural populations of fishes. He wasjointly appointed to the faculties of Zoology andOceanography in 1984 after postoctoral stints atthe Universities of Hawaii and California. Mark'sresearch specialty is behavioral and communityecology of reef fishes and hummingbirds. He alsobrings expertise to the department in theoreticalecology and has produced a series of elegant mod-

20

els on the energetic costs and benefits of territori-ality. He successfully tested these models withHawaiian damselfish and Sierran hummingbirds.

Mark is currently studying interactions betweenlarval recruitment, predation, and reef structure indetermining the distribution and abundance offishes in the Virgin Islands. He has constructed 52artificial reefs providing various numbers andsizes of shelter holes, and will manipulate thedensities of predatory fishes on these reefs. Closerto home, Mark has joined with colleagues in theCollege of Oceanography to study a deep rockyreef on the edge of the continental shelf off Oregonusing manned submersibles. The reef is a nurseryhabitat for commercially important fish species.This study is providing unprecedented data oninterannual variation in communities of deep-reeffishes.

A significant new addition to our facultyoccurred in 1979 when Arthur J. Boucot (Ph.D.,Harvard University) of the OSU Geology Depart-ment was given a joint appointment in Zoology.this relationship became increasingly closer andin 1986 his line was formally transferred to ourdepartment. Art is one of OSU's most distin-guished professors. His bibliography containsover 380 entries of scientific articles, books, andother publications, and his numerous honors andawards include not only academic citations but,stemming from his Air Corps service in the 1940s,the Distinguished Flying Cross, Air Medal, and sixOak Leaf Clusters. Following discharge from themilitary in 1945, Art obtained his doctorate in thefield of invertebrate paleontology at Harvard andthen worked for the U.S. Geological Survey beforeassuming faculty positions at the MassachusettsInstitute of Technology and later the CaliforniaInstitute of Technology. He came to OSU in 1969as Chairman of the Geology Department. Inaddition to extensive field work collecting fossilmarine brachiopods in the United States, Art hasconducted research in both Western and EasternEurope, the Soviet Union, Antarctica, New Zeal-and, Australia, Malaya, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, SouthAfrica, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, China, andGhana. He has contributed extensively to ourunderstanding of rates and patterns of evolutionand extinction. At an age when most people startthinking of retirement, Art continues to workseven days (and evenings) a week and to producemore than 10 papers (and usually a book or two)each year. He has had continuous support from

the National Science Foundation and has just beenawarded an Accomplishment-Based grant; that is,because of the quality and quantity of his pastresearch, he was not required to submit a fullcompetitive proposal to NSF for grant renewal.Art teaches courses in evolution, biogeography,and paleontology and interacts extensively withboth faculty and graduate students in our ecologyand evolution group.

After completing two terms (8 years) as chair-man, and feeling frustrated at trying to maintainthe department's strengths while resources werebeing withdrawn by the upper administration (seebelow), I expressed my desire to put aside admin-istrative duties and return to full-time teachingand research at the end of the 1985-86 academicyear. The department held an election to recom-mend a replacement to the dean, and Chris Baynebecame the new department chairman in Septem-ber, 1986.

One of Chris' first acts was to arrange a week-end faculty retreat at the Oregon House inYachats. The meeting had the dual purpose ofattempting to consolidate gains made by thedepartment in recent years and to reach newdecisions that would lead to increased nationaland international visibility of OSU Zoology. Afterextensive debate, the department unanimouslydecided to create a focus by concentrating futurefaculty appointments, whenever possible, in the

area of behavioral biology. This area had theadvantage of building on our current strengths inbehavioral ecology, genetics, endocrinology, andneurobiology. The field of behavior is one thatlends itself to study at all levels of biologicalorganization from the molecule to the community.Moreover, it is clear that new and exciting devel-opments will continue to take place in this area formany years to come.

Under Chris' stewardship, and due largely tothe efforts of OSU President John Byrne andCollege of Science Dean Frederick Home, the de-partment has received its first endowed professor-ship, the Wayne and Gladys Valley Chair inMarine Biology. This position has been madepossible by a $1,500,000 gift to the department andwill be occupied by a distinguished facultymember with internationally recognized excel-lence in some area of research with marine ani-mals. The search for this individual is currentlyunderway.

After a three-year term of accomplishment andof frustrations over the continuing budgetarywoes of the 1980s (see below), Chris Bayne de-cided to relinquish the chairman's position in 1989so that he could devote more time and energy toresearch and teaching. The department now looksforward with eager anticipation to that period ofits future history during which its next chairper-son, Jane Lubchenco, will be at the helm. J

21

The Zoology Club

In response to frequent comments from ourundergraduates that they wanted to become betteracquainted with each other and the faculty, in 1979the department established the Zoology Club. DocStorm volunteered to act as faculty advisor and tohelp in arranging speakers. At club meetings,members of the zoology faculty or biologists fromanother OSU department or a nearby institutionpresent informal talks on their research. Two fieldtrips and one field course have been sponsored bythe club each year. The field trips are to the FridayHarbor (Washington) Marine Laboratory in thefall, and to the Malheur Refuge in eastern Oregoneach spring. Over half the department's facultyand many of its graduate students have partici-pated in these field trips, providing ideal settingsfor informal interactions.

Since 1981 the Club has sponsored an annualspring break field course to the deserts of southernCalifornia and Arizona. Each student generallyfocuses on one group of desert animals and keepsa complete field notebook of observations andcollections. In the spring quarter the specimensare prepared and added to the department'scollections while the students continue their pro-jects with library research and preparation ofa

22

paper on their selected topic. This course has beena great success, but it has been necessary to limitenrollment to 20 students because of financialrestrictions. Limited funds from the Zoologyaccount of the OSU Foundation are used to rentvans for the trip. Students pay for all otherexpenses, which are held to a minimum bycamping and cooking as a group. This trip hasbeen cited by a number of department majors ascrystallizing their interests in zoology and stimu-lating them to continue their education in gradu-ate school.

The Zoology Club also provides input to thedepartment for changes in its curriculum andundergraduate policies. From the time of itsformation, undergraduate members have beenasked to evaluate faculty classroom performancewhen promotion and tenure decisions are beingmade.

Since Doc Storm's retirement, departmentalliaison with the Club has been jointly provided byAustin Pritchard and our colleague from theBiology Program, Dr. Joe Beatty. Joe, who ob-tained his Ph.D. in zoology under Doc's guidance,has been a regular leader on the annual field trips.

Faculty Meetings MinutesDepartmental faculty meetings sometimes seem

like a "good news -bad news" joke. In the formercategory, the following items of cheer and whim-sey have appeared in the minutes:

-from the minutes of 27 February 1980:

"The Zoology Department Christmas party will beon Friday, February 29, 7:00 p.m. at GreenberryGrange. Dinner will be a potluck and families areinvited."

-from the minutes of 27 May 1981:

"Student credit hours (SCH) in the College of Sci-ence increased by 12 percent from 1973/74 to 1980/81 (183,000 205,000). In that same period, SCHgenerated by Zoology faculty increased by 29.5percent (11,243 14,564)."

-from the minutes of 13 January 1982:

"Beaver Open House will be held on January 30,1982. Dr. Storm asked for a volunteer to representthe department. Dr. Brownell asked, "What is Bea-ver Open House?" The assembled faculty immedi-ately suggested that he be presented with an oppor-tunity to acquire this knowledge."

The "bad news" side is also amply represented,Indeed, no history of the department in the 1980'swould be complete without a record of its seriousand continuing budgetary problems. Theseproblems are not unique to our department; theyoriginate with the Oregon economy and arepassed to us through the State Board of HigherEducation. They have resulted in faculty losses,played a role in the resignation of two departmentchairmen, and frustrated both faculty and stu-dents alike. Perhaps the best way to report theseproblems is to reprint portions of faculty meetingminutes.

-from the minutes of 22 September 1981:

"The $300,000 budget cut to the College of Sciencewill affect the Department of Zoology in some way,as yet unknown. Departmental administrative costshave already been cut. Further budgetary decreaseswill involve reduction in essential departmentalactivities."

-from the minutes of 16 February 1982:

"Next year the College of Science will be required toreduce its budget base by 3 percent. One entry-levelfaculty position and the department research assis-tant will be removed from Zoology. Thus a total ofapproximately $30,000 is being lost by our depart-ment. The department's reduction will be met by (1)elimination of the General Zoology instructorship,(2) elimination of the RA, and (3) removal of $3,200from our course budget (which totals $22,140 thisyear)."

-from the minutes of 14 April 1982:

"Dr. King stated that the main business today is todiscuss the budget picture and review the determi-nation of who gets cut and by how much. In the mostrecent round of budget cuts, the College of Sciencehas had an additional reduction of $85,000. The$240,000 in base-budget reductions will not be re-turned to the college budget in the future.

"In addition, Pharmacy will be sending approxi-mately students zoology humanlabs starting next year. It will cost an additional$1,500- $2,000 to supply these students with cats fordissection. We do not have these funds and so farhave been unable to obtain them from either theDean of the College of Science or the Vice Presidentfor Administration. In general discussion it wassuggested that students might be asked to supplytheir own cats; perhaps an arrangement could bemade for purchase of cats from the bookstore. Thedepartment's accountant was asked to check on thispossibility, and after several minutes of 'catty' ban-ter, she was informed by the bookstore that this was'not a desirable line of inventory'."

-from the minutes of 13 April 1983:

"Dr. King reported on a recent meeting with DeanSugihara. It is highly likely that there will he a cut innext year's budget. The Teaching Assistant andSupplies budgets are in particular jeopardy. Thehall telephones used for emergencies and by ourgraduate students have been removed to save money.Xerox charges have also been increased."

-from the minutes of 7 March 1984:

"The Chancellor has reduced the OSU budget by$885,000; $110,000 of this will be passed on to theCollege of Science. Zoology will lose one morefaculty position (that of Dr. Owczarzak who re-

23

cently retired) and 6.5 terms of Graduate TeachingAssistant service."

-from the minutes of 11 February 1987:

"Dr. Bayne distributed a memorandum from theBiological Sciences Librarian for Kerr Library whichdetailed the need for book and journal requests.Approximately $10,000 has been allocated for zool-ogybooksand faculty and graduate students shouldforward their requests."

-from the minutes of 24 February and 4 May1988:

"The Kerr Library anticipates cancellation of journalsubscriptions to save funds. A saving of over $5,000will be realized by cancellation of zoology journalsubscriptions."

-from the minutes of 4 May 1988:

"The College of Science has required our depart-ment to cut next year's budget by 1 percent. Depart-mental response to this permanent cut will be toreduce the Lab Tech II position to 70 percent timeand to reduce funds in the graduate teaching assis-tant budget."

As the above notes illustrate, the decade of the'80s has been a difficult one for the State of Ore-gon. The Department of Zoology has acceptedwith a commendable measure of grace and under-

24

standing the fact that its high productivity is noinsurance against loss of resources. However,fiscal insecurities are obviously debilitating whenthey result in loss of badly needed faculty andgraduate student positions. Equally debilitatingare the frustrations of having to do less than ourbest as teachers and as scholars because of out-dated equipment and absence of supplies. Valuedcolleagues have left OSU because of this situationand, unless this trend is reversed, more will leavein the future. -

Part I of the Zoology history ended on a highnote with the anticipation of moving into a newbuilding having adequate space and modernresources. Part II ends on a different note. As the1988-1989 academic year draws to a close, newbudget cuts severely affecting the departmenthave been announced. Moreover the fiscaloutlook for the next biennium remains clouded.At the same time the Department of Zoology hasmatured into a nationally recognized group offaculty, alumni, and students who are bound to-gether by a common perception that the privilegesof association we have been accorded must bepreserved for those to come in the days and yearsahead. This would therefore seem to be an appro-priate point at which to wait for the future tobecome the past so that this chronicle can becontinued. U

Appendix I

Department of ZoologyFaculty 1889-1989

Ailman, Delmar I.B.S. (Michigan State Normal) 1928; M.S.(Michigan) 1931; Ph.D.(Michigan) 1936Assoc. Prof. 1939-48, Prof. 1949-65, Emeritus1965-1983

Alvarado, Ronald H.B.A. (California) 1956; M.S. (Washington State)1959; Ph.D. (Washington State) 1962Asst. Prof. 1962-66, Assoc. Prof. 1966-74

Bayne, Christopher J.B.S. (Wales) 1963; Ph.D. (Wales) 1966Res. Assoc. (Michigan) 1968-71, Asst. Prof.1971-76, Assoc. Prof. 1976-82, Prof. 1982-present, Chairman of Department, 1986-89

Benedict, Edith L.B.S. (Northwestern) 1928; M.A. (Northwest-ern) 1929Instr. 1929-38

Blake, Irving H.B.A. (Bates) 1911; M.A. (Brown) 1912Instr. 1913-16

Blaustein, Andrew R.B.A. (UC Santa Barbara) 1971; M.S. (Nevada)1973; Ph.D. (UCSB) 1978Instr. 1978-79, Asst. Prof. 1979-84, Assoc. Prof1984-1989, Prof. 1989-present

Boucot, Arthur J.A.B. (Harvard) 1948; Ph.D. (Harvard) 1953Prof. of Geology 1969-present; Prof. of Zool-ogy 1979-present

Bridwell, John C.B.S. (Baker) 1901Instr. 1907-10

BrowneD, Philip H.B.A. (UC Berkeley) 1970; Ph.D. (UC Riverside)1976Asst. Prof. 1979-85, Assoc. Prof. 1985-present

Carpenter, F. LynnB.A. (UC Riverside) 1966; Ph.D. (UC Berkeley)1972Associate Prof. 1984-87

Chandler, Asa C.B.A. (Cornell) 1911; M.S. (California) 1912;Ph.D. (California) 1914Instr. 1914-1 7,Asst. Prof. 1917-19

Conte, Frank P.A.B. (UC Berkeley) 1951; Ph.D. (UC Berkeley)1961 Asst. Prof. 1960-65, Assoc Prof. 1965-71, Prof. 1971-present

Cord ley, Arthur B.B.S. (Michigan State) 1888; MS. (Cornell) 1900Prof. and Head of Department 1895-1914

Courtney, Wilbur D.B.S. (Washington State) 1922; M.S. (Washing-ton) 1929Instr. 1922-29, Asst. Prof. 1929-30

Dawson, Peter S.B.S. (Washington State, Pullman) 1960; Ph.D.(UC Berkeley) 1964 Assoc. Prof. 1969-75, Prof.1975-present; Chairman, Genetics Program1977-84

deLaubenfels, Max W.B.A. (Oberlin) 1916; M.A. (Stanford) 1926;Ph.D. (Stanford) 1929Prof. 1950-58

Domfeld, Ernst J.B.S. (Marquette) 1933; M.A. (Wisconsin)Ph.D. (Wisconsin) 1937Instr. 1938-42, Asst. Prof. 1942-45, Assoc. Prof.1945-50,Prof. 1950-76, Chairman of Dept. 1952-76.Emeritus Prof. 1976-83

Edwards, Alice L.B.S. (Oregon State) 1906Instr. 1910-16

Fasten, NathanB.S. (C.C.N.Y.) 1910; Ph.D. (Wisconsin) 1914Assoc. Prof. 1920-21, Prof. and Head of Dept.1921-44

Gimlich, Robert L.B.S. (UC Santa Barbara) 1980; Ph.D. (UCBerkeley) 1985Asst. Prof. 1988-present

Gordon, Kenneth L.B.A. (Colorado College) 1923; M.A. (Missouri)1925; Ph.D. (Cornell) 1936lnstr. 1927-29, Asst. Prof. 1929-40, Assoc. Prof.1940-45, Prof. 1945-52, Chairman of Dept.1945-52, Emeritus Prof. 1969-83

25

Green, Bess R.B.A. (Illinois) 1907; M.A. (Illinois) 1910Asst. Prof. 1926-29

Griffin, Fred L.B.S. (Oregon State) 1908Instr. 1908-10

Grobstein, CliffordB.S. (C.C.N.Y.) 1936; MA. (UCLA) 1938; Ph.D.(UCLA) 1940Instr. 1940-43

Hague, Florence S.B.A. (Kansas) 1911; M.A. (Kansas) 1914; Ph.D.(Illinois) 1921Instr. 1921-24, Asst. Prof. 1924-26

Hard, Robert P.B.S. (Washington) 1967; M.S. (Washington)1970; Ph.D. (St. Univ. of NY) 1975Asst. Prof. 1978-85

Harris, Patricia J.B.A. (UC Berkeley) 1954; MS. (Yale) 1958;Ph.D. (UC Berkeley) 1962Assoc. Prof. 1964-73

Hillemann, Howard H.B.S. (Marquette U., Milwaukee) 1933; M.A.(Wisconsin) 1939; Ph.D.(Wisconsin) 1942

Asst. Prof. 1946-52, Assoc. Prof. 1952-56, Prof1956-75 Emeritus 1975-85

Hisaw, Frederick L., Jr.B.S. (Missouri) 1950, M.S. (Missouri) 1952;Ph.D. (Harvard) 1955Asst. Prof. 1958-61, Assoc. Prof. 1961-1989

Hixon, Mark A.B.S. (UC Santa Barbara) 1973; M.A. (UCSB)1974; Ph.D. (UCSB) 1979Asst. Prof. 1984-1989, Assoc. Prof. 1989-present

Hurd, Charlotte N.B.S. (UC Berkeley); M.S. (UC Berkeley)Instr. 1916-19

King, Charles E.A.B. (Emory) 1958; M.S. (Florida State) 1960;Ph.D. (Washington) 1965Prof. 1977-present, Chairman of Department,1977=86

26

Krueger, Hugo M.B.A. (Denver) 1924; M.A. (Denver) 1926; Ph.D.(Michigan) 1930Prof. 1948-62, Emeritus 1962-present

Lubchenco, JaneB.A. (Colorado Coll.) 1969; M.S. (Washington)1971; Ph.D. (Harvard) 1975Asst. Prof. 1977-82, Assoc. Prof. 1982-88, Prof.1988-present, Chairperson of Department1989-

McElfresh, Fred M.B.S.; Instr. 1899-1901

Menge, Bruce A.B.A. (Minnesota) 1965; Ph.D. (Washington)1970Asst. Prof. 1976-79, Assoc. Prof. 1979-85; Prof.1985-present

Miller, Richard L.B.S. (Chicago) 1962; Ph.D. (Chicago) 1965Asst. Prof. 1966-67

Mohler, James D.BA. (Missouri) 1949; M.A. (Missouri) 1950;Ph.D. (California) 1955Asst. Prof. 1955-60, Assoc. Prof. 1960-66

Moore, Arthur R.B.A. (Nebraska) 1904; Ph.D. (California) 1911Prof. 1932-33

Moore, Frank L.BA. (College of Wooster) 1967; M.A. (Colo-rado) 1970; Ph.D. (Colorado) 1974Asst. Prof. 1979-82, Assoc. Prof. 1982-87, Prof.1987-present

Morris, John A.B.A. (Stanford) 1958; MS. (Hawaii) 1960;Ph.D. (UCLA) 1966Asst. Prof. 1968-1974, Assoc. Prof. 1974-82,Prof. 1982-present

Osborn, John L.Ph.C. (Michigan) 1915; B.A. (Kansas) 1922;M.A. (Nebraska) 1923; Ph.D. (Washington)1939Instr. 1923-34, Asst. Prof. 1934-46, Assoc. Prof.1946-47, Emeritus 1947-?

Owczarzak, AlfredB.S. (Cornell) 1944; Ph.D. (Wisconsin) 1953Instr. 1955-57, Asst. Prof. 1957-61, Assoc. Prof.1961-83, Emeritus 1983-present.

Pratt, IvanB.A. (College of Emporia, Kansas) 1932; M.S.(Kansas State) 1935; Ph.D. (Wisconsin) 1938Asst. Prof. 1946-47, Assoc. Prof. 1947-52, Prof.1952-73

Pritchard, Austin W.B.A. (Stanford) 1948; M.A. (Stanford) 1949;Ph.D. (Hawaii) 1953 Instr. 1953-55, Asst. Prof.1955-59, Assoc. Prof. 1959-65, Prof. 1965-present

Reaka, MarjorieB.A. (Kansas) 1965; M.A. (Kansas) 1967; Ph.D.(UC Berkeley) 1974Asst. Prof. 1975

Roberts, Paul A.B.S. (Illinois) 1953; M.D. (Illinois) 1957; M.Ed.(Chicago T.C.) 1962; Ph.D. (Chicago) 1962Assoc. Prof. 1966-73, Prof. 1973-present

Ruben, John A.B.S. (Humboldt) 1968; M.A. (UC Berkeley)1970; Ph.D. (UC Berkeley) 1975Asst. Prof. 1975-83, Assoc. Prof. 1984-present

Shaw, William T.B.Ag. (Minnesota) 1898; B.S. (Minnesota) 1899;M.S. (Michigan State) 1900Instr. 1901-07

Storm, Robert M.B.Ed. (N. Illinois) 1939; M.S. (Oregon State)1941; Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1948Instr. 1948-50, Asst. Prof. 1950-55, Assoc. Prof1955-62, Prof. 1962-84, Emeritus 1984-present

Anecdote

Preparing this history brought me into contactwith OSU's little-known Office of Archives, whichserves as a repository for sundry arcane materials.This office is the major official source of historicalinformation since University policy requiresdepartments to forward personnel records toArchives when faculty and students depart orretire from the University. We thank Archives forconsiderable help in assembling information.Sometimes research progressed less well than wewished, as illustrated by the following sequence ofevents:

Swan, Grant A.B.S. (Oregon State) 1922Asst. Prof. 1939-43

Sykes, George F.Ph.D. (Brown) 1909; M.A. (Brown) 1910Instr. 1910-1 3, Asst. Prof. 1913-14, Prof. andHead of Dept. 1914-21

Taylor, AlfredB.A. (Oregon) 1932; M.A. (Oregon State) 1934;Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1935Instr. 1935-40

Taylor, Aravilla M.B.S. (Chicago) 1915; M.S. (Chicago) 1916; Ph.D.(Chicago) 1919Asst. Prof. 1920-21

Washburn, Frederick L.B.A. (Harvard) 1882Professor and Head of Dept. 1889-95

Wiens, John A.B.S. (Oklahoma) 1961; M.S. (Wisconsin) 1963;Ph.D. (Wisconsin) 1966Asst. Prof. 1966-69, Assoc. Prof. 1969-75, Prof.1975-78, Chairman of Department 1976-78

Wight, Howard M.B.S. (Bates) 1915; M.S. (Oregon State) 1916Instr. 1916-20, Asst. Prof. 1920-27

Wulzen, RosalindB.S. (UC Berkeley) 1904; M.S. (UC Berkeley)1910; Ph.D. (UC Berkeley) 1914; Sc.D. (Ore-gon) 1943Asst. Prof. 1933-41, Assoc. Prof. 1941-46, Prof.1946-47, Emeritus 1947-80

1 Dec 88--I asked Chairman Chris Bayne toobtain information on retirement dates of severalZoology faculty.

2 Dec 88--Chris addressed a letter to Archivesrequesting the information.

7 Dec 88--Archives asked the College ofScience to provide them with the retirement dates.

9 Dec 88--The College contacted Chris Bayneto obtain the information for Archives.

9 Dec 88--Chris, knowing I was working onthe departmental history, asked if I could help theCollege of Science gather some information onretired Zoology faculty. 1

27

Appendix IIAssociated Faculty

1889-1989

Alspach, George S.B.A. (Antioch); M.S. (Oregon State) 1967; Ph.D.(Oregon State) 1972Instr. 1966-67

Anderson, Carl L.B.S. (Michigan) 1928; M.S. (Michigan) 1932;Dr. P.H. (Michigan) 1934Prof. 1949-59

Anderson, Glenn AB.S. (Washington State) 1953; M.A. (Washington State) 1958; Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1964Instr. 1963-64

Baer, DeeB.S. (Illinois) 1953; Ph.D. (UC Berkeley) 1962Prof. 1984-present

Beatty,J.J.B.S. (Missouri) 1970; M.S. (Missouri) 1973;Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1979Instructor (Zoology and Biology Program)1979-present

Belton, John C.B.S. (Lewis & Clark) 1957; M.S. (Oregon State)1962Instr. 1964-65

Buckley, PatriciaB.S. (Ohio University) 1948; M.S. (OregonState) 1958; Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1964Inst/ Asst.Prof. /Res. Assoc. 1978-82

Chilgren, John D.B.S., (Gonzaga) 1965; MS (Washington State)1968; Ph.D. (Washington State) 1974.Asst. Professor 1974-78

Cole, Elizabeth R.B.A. (Brown)lnstr. 1915-16

Darrow, Thomas D.B.A. (Nebraska State) 1960; M.A. (SouthDakota) 1961Instr. 1965-66

Ellis, John K.B.Ed. (S. Illinois) 1943; B.S. (S. Illinois) 1944;M.P.H. (Michigan) 1948; Ph.D. (Michigan)1963Assoc. Prof. 1965-74, Prof. 1975-85, Emeritus1985-present

28

Fuller, Eugene C.B.S. (Nevada) 1960; M.S. (Nevada) 1962Instr. 1966-72

Gonor, Jefferson J.B.S. (Southwestern Louisianna) 1953; Ph.D.(Washington) 1964Asst. Prof. 1965-79

Janis, ChristineB.A. (Cambridge) 1973; M.A. (Harvard) 1974;Ph.D. (Harvard) 1978. -

Instr. 1977-78

Johnson, La Von C.B.A. (Brigham Young) 1957; M.A. (Utah) 1959;Ph.D. (Utah) 1967.Asst. Prof. 1965-69

Kerley, David E.B.S. (Oregon State) 1958; M.S. (Oregon State)1962Instr. 1962-63

Kuster, Kimber C.B.S. (Michigan) 1925; M.S. (Michigan) 1926Instr. 1926-27

Loker, Eric SamB.S. (Cornell) 1972; M.S. (Michigan) 1974;Ph.D. (Iowa State) 1979Instr./Res. Assoc. 1979-83

Lynch, James E.BA. (Nebraska) 1917; M.A. (Nebraska) 1921Instr. 1921-22

Mayshark, CyrusB.A. (Williams) 1949; M.Ed. (Boston) 1952;MS. (Harvard) 1952; H.S.D. (Indiana) 1954Asst. Prof. 1959-62, Assoc. Prof. 1962-65

Mullen, Terry L.B.A. (Central Washington State College) 1969;MS. (C.W.S.C.) 1971;Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1975Instr. 1978-1979

Muske, LindaB.A. (Tufts) 1968; Ph.D. (Oregon) 1983Asst. Prof. 1989

Newman, Lester J.A.B. (Washington University, St. Louis) 1955;M.A. (Michigan)1960; Ph. D. (Washington University, St.

Louis) 1963Asst. Prof. 1963-64

Newstead, James D.B.A. (British Columbia) 1954; M.A. (BritishColumbia) 1956; Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1962Instr. 1960-62, Asst. Prof. 1962-63

O'Hara, RichardB.S. (Michigan State) 1972; M.S. (MichiganState) 1974; Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1981Asst. Prof./Res. Assoc. 1981-present

Owen, William B.B.A. (Kentucky) 1927; M.A. (Minnesota) 1929Instr. 1930-31

Paul, DorothyB.A. (Radcliffe College) 1963; D.E.S. (Facultedes Sciences; Marseille, France) 1965; Ph.D.(Stanford) 1970Asst. Prof. 1976-77

Polls, GaryB.S. (Loyolla, Los Angeles) 1969; M.A. (UC

1976; Ph.D. Riverside) 1977Asst. Prof. 1977-79

Potter, Sandy W.B.A. (Minnesota) 1960; M.S. (Minnesota) 1967;Ph.D. (Arizona) 1970Asst. Prof. 1983-85; Asst. Prof. Research 1986-present

/

Romerdahl, Cynthia A.B.S. (Washington State) 1978; Ph.D. (UCBerkeley) 1984Asst. Prof. 1988-present

Rose, JackB.S. (Ohio State) 1975; M.S. (Ohio State) 1979;Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1985Asst. Prof. 1985-86

Shirk, Paul D.B.A. (Northern Iowa) 1970; M.S. (Texas A&M)1975; Ph.D. (Texas A&M) 1978Asst. Prof. 1981-84

Taylor, AlfredB.A. (Oregon) 1932; M.A. (Oregon State) 1934;Ph.D. (Oregon State) 1935Instr. 1935-40

Turner, TeresaB.S. (Michigan State) 1974; M.A. (CaliforniaState, Hayward) 1978; Ph.D. (Oregon State)1982Instr. /Res. Asst. 1984-86

Yamada, Sylvia BehrensB.Sc. (British Columbia) 1968; M.Sc. (BritishColumbia) 1971; Ph.D. (Oregon) 1974Asst. Prof.! Res. Assoc. 1984-present

29

Appendix III

Graduate Degrees in Zoology

Year M.A. M.S. Ph.D.

1923 Walter P. Covell

1926 Nettie L. Murray1934 Alfred Taylor1935 Alfred Taylor

1938 Raymond W. Coopey1939 William Graf Maurice S. Tarshis1941 Daniel W. Slater

Robert M. Storm1942 Sr. Gemma Piennett1943 Gilbert M. Shearer William Graf

1944 Hildegard Lamfrom Robert L. Livezey1947 Virginia L. Weimar1948 Bertha D. Cutress Robert M. Storm

Walter S. Vincent Jr.1949 Philip C. Dumas Myrtle D. Beatty Fred G. Evenden Jr.

Donald J. Reish Charles E. CutressRobert M. Yancey Robert W. Merriam

Ernst W. RetzlaffRudolph E. RieschelAryani. RoestRobert C. von BorstelKenneth M. Walker

1950 James H. Berrian Herbert G. AdamsHarold V. Gallaher Claude C. Alexander

Robert D. BratzRichard A. PimentelRichard M. RitlandRobert R. SowellRoland D. Walters

1951 Donald G. Dunlap Frank W. Adams Elwin E. BenningtonEarl Gregoire Delpha D. Dunlap

Marvin F. HillJohn A. McGowanDonald M. PurdyDonald W. TwohyWilliam C. Van Arsdel III

1952 William C. Burns Denzel E. Ferguson Robert D. BratzDarrell L. Davis John C. Giesler Albert C. Hawbecker

Lloyd R. Yonce Donald V. HemphillRichard A. Pimentel

1953 Lydia Beyerlein Wesley J. Birge Philip C. DumasRichard H. Eddy Jr.

1954 Vernon E. Thatcher Lewis E. Aldrich Jr. Richard E. FreiburgDavid R. McIntyre Donald L. LehmannRobert S. Tether James E. McCauley

Aryan I. Roest

1955 Franklin W. Sturges Robert A. Knight Wesley J. Birge

30

Year

1956

1957

1958

1959

1960

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965

M.A.

Forrest D. TibbittsSimone T.-H. Truong

Morris E. Weaver

Hugh P. Stanley

Glenn R. Stewart

Elver H. Voth

Gordon W. Martin

Larry T. Spencer

M.S.

Hilda L. ChingGalen E. ClothierStanley N. Wilkes

Jack Foster

John W. GoertzOliver W. JohnsonRobert E. MooreKenneth R. PorterRobert L. PuyearGertrude L. S. SwedbergNorman F. Weatherly

Eugene D. BawdonAlan C. HeathNorman C. LeelingJames E. MonroeRonald J. WhiteEllis I. Wyatt

William M. BeckJohn C. BeltonGrace A. HamiltonDavid E. KerleyLewis M. Turner Jr.

George F. CrandellHoward C. MorseJohn C. Neeley

Jean E. KneelandSheridan V. MerrittClarence A. PorterGilbert A. RinardRonald L. RitschardSteven R. ThompsonRosalind W.-P. Yuen

Francis P. BelcikJohn A. DorschFrankJ. Longo

Ph.D.

Vernon E. DuikerMarvin F. HillAndrew C. Olson Jr.Kenneth M. Walker

Nathan W. CohenCharles G. HansenDonald G. HumphreyDenzel E. FergusonFranklin W. Sturges

Forrest D. Tibbitts

William C. Van Arsdel IIIMorris E. Weaver

Lewis E. AldrichAsa C. ThoresenElisha S. Tikasingh

Albert G. CanarisGalen E. ClothierClifford V. DavisHugh P. StanleyJohn H. Wirtz

James M. FordJames D. M. NewsteadHarold Watling

Audrey L. Braswell Jr.Charles G. Danforth

Glenn A. AndersonJoan D. BeltzJohn D. DeMartiniAlan G. HeathGlenn R. Stewart

Frank W. AdamsHugh C. BlackOliver W. Johnson

31

Year M.A. M.S. Ph.D.

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

32

Elaine C.-L. ChanJames W. York

Hans W. Behrisch

Stanley H. AndersonJeffrey L. BriggRichard T. CarterLouise G. ChatlynneJames R. Hall

Flash GibsonLinda S. GibsonMichael C. HartmanThomas W. MoonBarbara W. SaigoRandall W. Smith

William L. BlissJames F. Traynor

Ralph R. Moldenhauer Thomas G. MeadeMelvin L. Schamberger Robert L. PuyearLoren E. Van Tassel

Glen W. ClothierRobert R. HollenbeckTod S. JohnsonChristopher 0. MaserJames M. ShumakeJames G. WernzHerman E. WyandtPatrick T.-C. Wong (G

John C. BeltonCarl A. ForssCornelis LabanGordon W. MartinClarence A. Porter -Ronald L. RitschardStanley N. Wilkes

enetics)

George S. Aispach Thomas D. DarrowJames R. Barnes Eugene G. FullerEdmund D. Brodie Jr. Frank J. LongoRichard C. Gethmann Howard C. MorseJohn D. Haertel John M. SmithCarol M. Inhelder Steven R. ThompsonJoseph S. Lidrich Russell A. WhiteheadEdwards R. LongRobert H. Parsons

Kasparek (Thompson)Beatrice M. Wyse

Carol D. BakerSamuel LinRaul J. V. MorenoDavid J. Wall

Daniel 1.-H. LawAnne MoodyWilliam E. NoonanWilliam E. SypeThomas G. Wicklund

Dale L. BuresMichael A. DuvallDennis S. GreenleyAlfred W. HansonShirley A. HullMichael A. Lee

Michael G. 0'RandIrwin PollsDaniel F. StifflerKent L. ThornburgRichard J. Ulbricht

James C. HansonPeter A NybergElver H. VothRonald J. White

Ronald G. AltigEdmund D. BrodieThomas H. DietzJohn J. DroppRalph R. MoldenhauerEric Panitz

Stanley H.AndersonJohn D. HaertelDavid E. KerleyStephen J. KleinschusterJoseph S. LidrichRobert I-I. Parsons

James 0. RobertsMelvin L. SchambergerPatrick 1.-C. Wong

Year

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

M.A.

Karen I. Miller

Patricia J. Elvin

/

M.S.

Robert E. BatieNorman W. CastilloCorynn D. ConverseJudith A. ElkinsJames D. HansenDan L. HawkinsRobert P. HeckeyMargaret L MacavoyAntoinette M. PooleRobert F. RamigPatricia A. RobertsElizabeth A. RoseberryDennis L. Wilson

Gary L. GillSpencer H. HamadaPamela H. LinnJoan C. MoranJohn W. PikeJeannine H. Riazance

Eugene M. BurresonPaul C. DroukasAnne L. EdwardsTheresa L. FeltenGregory R. GarmanFrederick E. JarvisAlice M. LindahlRobert L. Rodgers

Seth R. HootmanDwight J. KimberlyJohn T. RotenberryEllen K. ShurtleffCynthia K. TaitDaniel C.-N. TsuiGregory J. Wastek

David L. AlfordJane R. BensonDavid W. Canoy

Ph.D.

Jeffrey L. BriggsGlen W. ClothierFlash GibsonSheldon R. JohnsonStephen G. MartinJohn C. NeeleyLester E. Walker

George S. Alspach Jr.James R. BarnesRandall E. BrownLouise G. ChatlynneBill P. LovejoyAlbert MozejkoRonald A. NussbaumPaul J. A. PresidenteKent L. ThornburgAlan B. ThumDavid R. VothRobert A. WasmerHerman E. Wyandt Jr.Ellis J. Wyatt

Viroj BoonkoomRichard T. CarterAlfred W. HansonMichael C. HartmanShirley A. HullDonald E. KroodsmaWilliam E. NoonanJames M. ScottDaniel F. Stiffler

Robert E. Ba tieNorman. D. MorrisonTerry L. MullerMichael F. SalamoneJames B. StatesFrancis T. Takahashi Jr.Richard J. Ulbricht

Eugene M. BurresonRobert C. CloverSpencer H. Hamada

33

Year M.A. M.S. Ph.D

1975 Lowell V. Diller Terry L. MullenChristine M. Hall (Gniewosz) Gary L. PetersonDavid E. Hill Peter C. RothlisbergBert Marsh William E. SypeMary H. NortonLori S. RyndJames M. Stone

1976 Lavon L. Bartel Weldon S. Bosworth Jr.Richard D. Bayer Spencer H. HamadaKam N. Chow Daniel T.-H. LawCharles J. Costa Janet PenningtonKeith C. DanielsonBretton W. KentDiAnne T. MotubuCarolyn J. Mullikin

1977 Gail M. Breed David J. BroderickSai-Chung Chan Richard L. MillerRonald L. Haines Clara V. RiddleSusan E. Htfie1d Russel A. RiddleWayne A. Hoffman Donald K. SeavyRoy B. Mason H James T. TaylorRobert D. PietruszkaBeatrice Van Home

1978 David M. Chapin Theresa L. FeltonDale F. DeWan Daniel B. MatlockRobert S. DeWoskin John T. RotenberryDennis W. Heinemann Paul S. RutledgeBeth M. Musser Robert L. White(Carl) Eric OrrRobert C. RoelkeDarrel E. WardRandy Webb

1979 Eric K. Birks Bruce R. BartlettCharles E. Hart Joseph J. BeattyJames S. Heppler Bruce L. BoeseJerry N. Moore Charles L. DavisGeorge R. Schmidt Laurie A. MacPhailDouglas C. Ure Paul B. Samollow

Daniel C. N. Tsui

1980 Hailu Ebba Charles L. DavisSteven H. Eddy Steven Craig HandDavid B. Herbst Hugh C. Hanlin

Lori S. Rynd

1981 John F. Carpenter Karen I. Miller

34

Year M.A. M.S. Ph.D.

1981 David F. Zirkie Richard K. O'HaraWilliam R. Rice

1982 Melinda BrownMonica GeberAudrey A. MillemannDiana K. PadillaSaroj PandeyEmile J. SchoffelenJoan M. WittierMary A. YuiKenneth R. Yates

1983 Brett A. Adams Steven D. GainesCarla M. D'Antonio Robert J. LowyKathy A. Lumas Teresa TurnerJill Meisenhelder

1984 Sunny K. Boyd Christopher P. MarshEdith F. Moore Robert T. ZoellerKathryn B. StaleyAlice E. Weaver

1985 Carolyn S. Fairfax Sandra P. SpielvogelShelyl M. FurgalDiana K. HewsAnnette M. OlsonLaura PierceYuqi Zhao

1986 Alice F. Brown Carl A. BoswellPatricia S. Estes Arlene T. Doyle

David B. HerbstLani West

1987 Nancy C. Treneman-Groth

1988 Brenda L. Wiens Sunny K. BoydTerence M. Farrell

1989 Claire A. Fuller Craig M. FloryDeanna H. OlsonCatherine R. Propper

MAIS DEGREES

1977 Nancy L. Eldred1978 Sandra L. Rambo

Zoology, Psychology, General ScienceAnthropology, History, Zoology

35

Appendix IV

Zoology

Chairpersons

Pre-Department Formation

1868-1882 Rev. Joseph Emery, A.M.Professor of Mathematics

1882-1889 Edgar Grim, B.S.Professor of Agriculture and Chemistry

W. N. Hull, A.M.Professor of Physiology and Drawing

Post-Department Formation

1889-1895 F. L. Washburn1895-1914 Arthur B. Cordley1914-1921 George F. Sykes1921-1944 Nathan Fasten1945-1952 Kenneth L. Gordon1952-1976 Ernst J. Dornfeld1977-1986 Charles E. King1986-1989 Christopher J. Bayne1989- Jane Lubchenco

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Department of ZoologyOregon State UniversityCordley Hall 3029Corvallis, OR 97331-2914Phone (503) 737-3705

Desktop publishing (Aldus PageMaker) and layoutby Eva M. MillemannCollege of ScienceOregon State University