Hist2 8 formation of philippine colonial society (1876-1896)
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Transcript of Hist2 8 formation of philippine colonial society (1876-1896)
Formation of Philippine Colonial Society (1876-1896)
British Occupation of Manila, 1762-1764
• For a short period of time, the Philippines was put under the control of Britain through the British East India Co.
Contributory Factor in the Political, Economic, and Intellectual Awakening of the Filipinos
Oppressive Colonial Policies and the Native’s
responses
External Political Forces
19th Century
Economic Developm
ent
19th Century Political
Development
Oppressive Colonial Policies and the Native’s responses
Common
grievance
-Friars committed abuses and exploitation-Native’s resistance to excessive impositions of forced labor and taxes, confiscation of properties, the policy of reductionEarly
uprisings
-Filipinos had staged more
than 100 revolts prior to
the 1896 Revolution
-It showed the Filipinno’s
dissatisfaction to the Spanish
rule
External Political Forces
Progressive European ideologies
Ideas of the Enlightenment or Age of Reason (17th
and 18th Century)
French Revolution
fostered the ideas of liberty,
equality, and
fraternity that led to the growth
of liberalism
The Cadiz Constitution
of 1812, which
extended rights not only to the Spaniards but to all
subjects of Spain
19th Century Economic Development
Opening of the Philippines to international commerce
Change from mercantilism to laissez-faire
Galleon Trade ended in 1813
Expansion of Philippine trade and opening Philippine ports
Rapid development and regionalization of cash crops
Rise of the Middle Class
• Prosperity was obtained by at least a few Filipinos and mestizos
Improvement in transportation and communication facilities brought about by the demands of expanded commercial activity
Construction of roads and
bridges
Improvement of mail service
Helped the natives to become
aware of their native plight
Opening of Suez Canal
• Shortened route between Philippines and Europe
The establishment of British and American business firms in the Philippines
• By 1880s, England and USA become the principal trading partners of the partners
• English banks were established• American firms were mostly engaged in
the export-import business
19th Century Political Developments
Secularization and Filipinization
• Quarrel between the seculars and the regulars over the administration of parishes
• Increased the number of native priests
Diocesan priests
Augustinian priests
Liberal Administration of Gov. Gen. Carlos Maria de la Torre
• Passed a number of decrees granting certain individual right to the natives
• Filipinos experienced how to live under a liberal regime
Cavite Mutiny and the Martyrdom of Gomburza
• During the regime of Gov. Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo, he promptly suspended or revised his predecessor’s liberal decrees and classified personas sospechas those persons who had supported de la Torre’s policies
• Burgos, Gomes, and Zamora were suspected as behind the Cavite Mutiny (1872) and were publicly garroted.
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