He Thong Thon Tin Quang 7874

B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC GIAO THNG VN TI C S 2 KHOA IN IN T ---------

BI TIU LUN:

H THNG THNG TIN QUANG

GVHD : TS. TRN THIN CHNH HVTH : L QU VIN : BI VN NHT M LP : CH. K19-KTT

TP.HCM, THNG 09 - 2012

Tiu lun H thng thng tin quang

Trang 1

MC LC

Gii thiu ........................................................................................................................... 3

CHNG I : TNG QUAN V H THNG THNG TIN QUANG 1.1 Tng quan ................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 H thng truyn dn quang ........................................................................................ 5 1.3 Thc trng mng vin thng Trung tm vin thng Hi An ...................................... 6 1.3.1 S lc v m hnh mng truyn dn v chuyn mch vin thng Qung Nam ...... 6 1.3.1.1 S mng truyn dn v mng chuyn mch Vin thng Qung Nam .............. 6

1.3.1.2 S mng truyn dn quang Vin thng Qung Nam ........................................ 8 1.3.2 Mng truyn dn ti trung tm vin thng Hi An ................................................... 9 1.3.2.1 Mng truyn dn cp I ........................................................................................ 11 1.3.2.2 Mng truyn dn cp II ........................................................................................ 11 1.3.2.3 Mng truyn dn cp III ....................................................................................... 11 1.3.3 Cc vng Ring ......................................................................................................... 11

CHNG II: CC THIT B TRN MNG QUANG 2.1 Thit b pht quang ..................................................................................................... 11

2.1.1 C ch pht x nh sng ........................................................................................ 11

2.1.2 Diode pht quang LED ........................................................................................... 13

2.1.3 Laser Diode ............................................................................................................. 14

2.1.3.1 Cu to ................................................................................................................. 14 2.1.3.2 Hot ng ............................................................................................................. 15 2.1.4 Nhiu trong ngun pht Laser ................................................................................ 15

2.1.5 So snh LED v LD ................................................................................................. 16

2.2 Thit b thu ................................................................................................................ 16

2.2.1 C ch thu quang ................................................................................................... 16

2.2.2 B tch sng photodiode PIN ................................................................................. 18

2.2.3 Diode quang thc APD ........................................................................................... 18

2.2.3.1 Cu trc Photodiode thc APD ............................................................................ 18 2.2.3.2 Nguyn l lm vic ca APD ............................................................................... 19 2.2.4 Tham s c bn ca thit b thu quang .................................................................. 19

2.2.4.1 Hiu sut lng t ............................................................................................... 19

2.2.4.2 nhy quang ................................................................................................... 20


Trang 2

2.2.4.3 Tp m ca tch sng quang ................................................................................ 20

2.2.5 B thu quang trong truyn dn tn hiu s ............................................................. 21 2.2.6 M phm cc thit b ............................................................................................... 21 2.2.6 Cc thit b trn mng quang: ................................................................................. 21

2.2.6.1 Thit b Optix ca hng Huawei: ......................................................................... 21

2.2.6.2 Optix OSN 3500: ................................................................................................. 22

2.2.6.3 Optix OSN 2500: ................................................................................................. 23

2.2.6.4 Optix OSN 1500: ............................................................................................... 24

2.2.6.5 Thit b ONS 15305 ca CISCO: ......................................................................... 24 2.2.6.7 Thit b SMA ca Siemens: ................................................................................ 24

2.2.6.8 Modem quang: ................................................................................................................ 25 2.2.7 Cc thit b t ti v tr cc Khi trong phng,Thnh ph c m rng thm ............................25

CHNG III: MNG FTTH V CC DCH V TRIN KHAI TRN MNG QUANG FTTH 3.1 Thng tin v cc dch v vin thng ti TTVT Hi An ............................................ 27 3.1.1 in thoi ............................................................................................................... 27 3.1.2 Telex ....................................................................................................................... 28

3.1.3 Fax .......................................................................................................................... 28

3.1.4 Truyn s liu ......................................................................................................... 28 3.1.5 Thu knh thng tin v thit b ............................................................................... 28 3.1.6 Cc dch v chnh ca tng i in t s ............................................................. 28 3.2 Trin khai mng FTTH ti Trung tm vin thng Hi An ......................................... 29 3.2.1Cu trc in hnh mng FTTH ti Trung tm Vin thng Hi An ........................ 29 3.2.2Cng ngh s dng mng FTTH: ............................................................................ 30 3.2.3 Thc trng trin khai mng FTTH ti Trung tm vin thng Hi An .................... 33 3.3 Cc dch v c trin khai trn mng quang FTTH ................................................ 34 3.3.1 Dch v FTTH ........................................................................................................ 34 3.3.2 Cc dch v c trin khai ................................................................................... 34 3.3.2.1 VPN (mng ring o)/ Server Game ring .......................................................... 34 3.3.2.2 Dch v MyTV ..................................................................................................... 36 3.3.2.3 Dch v Internet .................................................................................................. 37 3.3.2.4 Dch v Metronet ................................................................................................. 38 3.3.2.5 Dch v MegaWan ............................................................................................... 39 Kt Lun: ......................................................................................................................... 41


Trang 3

GII THIU Hi An l mt Thnh Ph trc thuc Tnh c v tr a l ht sc quan trng, c nhiu

tim nng pht trin v kinh t, nhiu khu du lch kt thnh t khu du lch th c v khu du lch vng ven bin.

Trung Tm Vin Thng Hi An c thnh lp v i vo hot ng t ngy 01/07/2010 trn c s chia tch t Trung Tm Vin Thng 3. c s ch o v gip ca Lnh o cp trn, cng vi s n lc ca cn b cng nhn vin, Trung Tm Vin thng Hi An xy dng v pht trin ton din theo hng tn dng mi c hi, thc hin i mi, ci cch c ch, a dng ho dch v tin thng vo cng nghip hin i ca t nc, p ng tt nht nhu cu thng tin ca khch hng tt c cc vng trn a bn Thnh Ph.

Ngy nay mng vin thng t c nhng thnh tu ln. S pht trin ca k thut s, k thut phn cng v cng ngh tin hc em li cho ngi s dng nhiu dch v mi a dng v phong ph. Mt trong cc dch l ng truyn cp quang tc , cht lng, hin i vi 100% vn ca Tng cng ty Bu chnh vin thng Vit Nam. Hin ti mng cp quang ti Thnh Ph Hi An phc v 99% cc x u c h thng cp quang v kt ni c vi cc Tnh Thnh, cc Quc gia v cc vng lnh th trn th gii.

Hi An l mt th trng ang pht trin mnh v rt giu tm nng thun li trong vic kinh doanh cc dch v cng ngh thng tin. Hin nay, th phn Vin thng v cng ngh thng tin ti Thnh Ph hi An, Trung tm vin thng Hi An l n v vn chim lnh so vi cc nh khai thc khc nh: EVN Telecom, Viettel, FPT,.......

Trung tm vin Thng Hi An thy c tm quan trng ca khch hng trong mi trng cnh tranh. Thc hin mc ch lm cho khch hng hi lng, gy thin cm vi khch hng, vi nhiu dch v cng ngh cao v cc dch v gia tng. Trung tm vin thng Hi An u t mng truyn dn vi nhiu thit b cng ngh cao.


Trang 4

CHNG I

TNG QUAN V H THNG THNG TIN QUANG

1.1 Tng quan

Cng vi s pht trin ca x hi th nhu cu ca con ngi i vi thng tin

ngy cng cao. p ng c nhng nhu cu , i hi mng vin thng phi c

dung lng ln, tc cao... Cc mng li ang dn dn bc l ra nhng yu im v

tc , dung lng, bng thng... Mt khc, my nm gn y do dch v thng tin pht

trin nhanh chng, thch ng vi s pht trin khng ngng ca dung lng truyn

dn thng tin, th h thng thng tin quang ra i t khng nh c chnh mnh.

Nh vy, vi vic pht minh ra Laser lm ngun pht quang m ra mt

thi k mi c ngha rt to ln vo nm 1960 v bng khuyn ngh ca Kao v

Hockham nm 1966 v vic ch to ra si quang c tn tht thp. 4 nm sau, Kapron

ch to ra c si quang trong sut c suy hao truyn dn khong 20dB/km. Cho

ti u nhng nm 1980, cc h thng thng tin si quang c ph bin kh rng ri

vi vng bc sng lm vic 1300nm v 1500nm cho thy s pht trin mnh m ca

thng tin si quang trong hn 2 thp nin qua. Ngy nay, cp si quang to ra nhng

trin vng mi cho cng ngh truyn thng tc cao cng nh vic hin i ha mng

thng tin v nhu cu kt ni thng tin. S kt hp si quang vo bn trong dy chng st

cng nh dy dn em li nhng gii php ti u cho nh thit k. Vi s gia tng ca

dy chng st v dy dn in kt hp vi si quang khng nhng ch truyn dn v phn

phi in m cn em li nhng li ch to ln v thng tin. iu lm gim gi thnh

ca h thng v cng chnh v nhng l do trn m cp quang ang c ng dng rng

ri trn th gii. Vi gi tr suy hao ny gn t c gi tr suy hao 0.14dB/km ca

si n mode, t cho ta thy h thng thng tin quang c cc c im ni bt hn

h thng cp kim loi l:

Suy hao truyn dn rt nh.

Bng tn truyn dn rt ln.

Khng b nh hng ca nhiu in t.

C tnh bo mt tt.


Trang 5

C kh nng nng cp d.

C kch thc v trng ti nh.

Si c tnh cch in tt v c ch to t vt liu c sn.

Vi cc u im trn m cc h thng thng tin quang c p dng rng ri

trn mng li. Chng c th c xy dng lm cc tuyn ng trc, trung k, lin

tnh, thu bao ko di cho ti c vic truy nhp vo mng thu bao linh hot v p ng

c mi mi trng lp t t trong nh, trong cc cu hnh thit b cho ti cc h thng

truyn dn xuyn lc a, vt i dng...Cc h thng thng tin quang cng rt ph

hp cho cc h thng truyn dn s khng loi tr tn hiu di dng ghp knh no, cc

tiu chun Bc M, Chu u hay Nht Bn.

1.2 H thng truyn dn quang

Tn hiu in t cc thit b u cui nh: in thoi, in bo, fax s liu... sau

khi c a ti mch iu khin s m ha v a n thit b pht quang. Ti y, tn

hiu in s c chuyn i sang tn hiu quang. Tn hiu trong sut qu trnh truyn i

trong si quang thi s b suy hao do nhng mi hn,b ni quang...v..v..do trn ng

truyn ngi ta t cc trm lp nhm khi phc li tn hiu.

Hnh 1.1: S pht trin ca cc h thng thng tin quang


Trang 6

tn hiu quang ban u tip tc truyn i. Khi n thit b thu quang th tn hiu quang

s c chuyn i thnh tn hiu in, khi phc li tn hiu ban u a n thit b

u cui.

Hin nay, cc h thng thng tin quang c ng dng rng ri trn th gii,

chng p ng c c cc tn hiu tng t cng nh tn hiu s, chng cho php truyn

dn tt c cc tn hiu dch v bng hp v bng rng, p ng y mi yu cu ca

mng s ha a dch v (ISDN). S lng cp quang c lp t trn th gii vi s

lng ngy cng ln, mi tc truyn dn v mi c ly. Nhiu nc ly mi trng

truyn dn cp quang l mi trng truyn dn chnh trong mng li vin thng ca h.

1.3 Thc trng mng vin thng Trung Tm Vin Thng Hi An

1.3.1 S lc v m hnh mng truyn dn v chuyn mch vin thng Qung Nam

1.3.1.1 S mng truyn dn v chuyn mch vin thng Qung Nam

Hnh 1.1 Cc thnh phn chnh ca tuyn truyn dn cp si quang

Mch iu khin

Ngun pht

quang

Thu

quang

Mch in

Pht

quang

Khuch

i quang

Tn hiu in vo

B pht quang B ni

quang Mi hn si

Si dn quang

B chia quang

Cc thit b khc

Trm lp

u thu

quang

Chuyn i tn hiu

B thu quang

KD

i

in

Tn hiu in ra


Trang 7

Cu trc mng vin thng Qung Nam dng hnh sao vi tng i ch OCB 1000E10 ti Th x Tam K v hai tng i Host t ti huyn Duy Xuyn v ti Thnh

Ca

rd

F

O

Ca

rd

F

O

AWA 1504-2/2E1

Quyt Thng

(SDE - 330L) NG GIANG

(906L)

AWA 1504 - 1E1

2AW

A

1504

4E1

HI AN

(4864 + 5120L)

C Lao Chm

184L-AN 2000

AWA 1504

2E1

DUY XUYN

(3072L-9)

I LC (3328L-10)

(2048L-43)

AWA 1504 - 2E1

H Tn

(906L-394L)

M Hip

NAM GIANG

(904L)

AWA 1504-2E1

Viba 1808-4E1

AWA 1504-2E1 Viba 1808-4E1

NI THNH

(5120L-18)

(512L-34)

An Ha

(1280L-4)

OCB

(4864L+1280L)

AWA

1504

2E1

QU SN (3072L)

THNG BNH

(4608L-29)

(512L-41)

Trung Phc (1024L)

Vit An

(1280L-19)

HIP C

(1024L-24)

i 505

PHC SN

(2048L-39)

AWA 1504 2E1

BC TR MY

(1792L-36)

i 405

TIN PHC

(2048L-13)

i 211

An Xun

(4352L)

AWA 1504 -2/2E1

AWA 1504

2/2 E1

AWA 1504 2/2E1

DM1000 -

4/4E1

TOLL

VTN3

IN BN (5120L-7)

(1024L-30)

Ni Rang

(768L-45) AWA1504- 2E1

D

M

1000

-

8E

1

D

M

10

00

- 16

E1

DM1

000 -

16E1

A

TF

H

-

10

E1

Hng An

(2304L-11)

S

D

H2

,5

G

-

29

E1

Vng B

(2048L-6)

1 AWA 1504 - 2E1

Tam Hi (768L-22)

AWA

1504

2/2E1

AWA 1808

4/4E1

o Le

Tam Dn

(1536L)

in Ngc (4352L)

H Nha

(2304L-8)

OCB NG

AWA 1504 - 1E1

Kim Lm

( 2048L-12)

Phong Th

(1792L-1251L)

G Ni (1024L-17)

(1024L-46) AWA 1504 -2/2E1

K Xuyn

(2048L-20)

i Hng

(SDE- 752L)

AWA 1504-2E1

B Bu

(1536L-40)

Minilink - 16E1

Tin Th

(586L)

Cu Chm

( 3072L-25)

Chin n

(2304L-37)

FLX-155A

7/8E1 KCN (4096L-38)

i Hip

(1024L-26)

S

D

H1

55

-

15

E1

SDH 622Mb/s 7E1

CA I

(3450L)

Trm Viba

B N

Cm H

(2580L)

SDH155M - 5E1

NEC

SDH 155M- 6E1

Tam Thanh

(1280L-31)

Sng Kn (V5.2 UMC- 180L)

AWA1504 - 1E1

AWA 1808

4/4E1

Mi

nil

in

k2

E1 Mi

nil

ink-

4E

1

2

si

O

FC

-

8F

O

B Rn

(1792L-16)

AWA

1504

1E1

PHC Hip

(UDC - 120L)

VSAT CH VNH

(TOCA 32 + 4 E&M)

TR MAI

(512 L-42)

O

FC

- 8E

1

A Vng

(UMC-120L)

AWA

1504

1/2E1

TIN LNH

(DLC - 120L)

SDH

622M

b/s-

12E1

AWA 1504

2E1

Mi

nil

in

h

-

16

E1

AWA 1504 -2E1

Mi

nil

ink

-

16

E1

Tr Kiu

1024L-50

O

FC

-3/

8E

1

TR NG (DLC -120L)

CTR210- 4/4E1

AWA 1504

1E1

BN GING (460L)

TR DN

(USC - 64L)

OFC

-

1/

4E

1

Minilink - 16E1

A ZCH

(SDE 256L)

O

FC -

1E

1

TY GIANG

SDE

(474L)

SDH NEC - 6E1 in Thng

(3072L-36)

BN THCH

(1280L-49)

OFC - 2E1 A s (UMC-64L)

AWA

1504

1/2E1

3 AWA 1504 - 2/2E1

S

D

H

7E

1

Minilink - 16E1

RMR1500

Tam Lnh

(UMC - 240L)

S

D

H

15

5

M/

b/s

N

E

C

SDH FLX

2/8E1

3 RMR1504

Qun G

(1024L-44)

FLX-

155A

3/21E

1

Opnet

Bnh Minh

(1280L-32)

Ring Huawei 7E1

Rinh nhnh 6E1

SDH155M - 6E1

NEC

S

D

H

10

E1

Minil

ink

2E1

: Truyn dn quang PDH : Truyn dn vi ba AWA 1808 : Truyn dn vi ba AWA 1504 : SDH 155M - NEC

: SDH 155M FLX : SDH 622M FLX : Truyn dn Minilink : Truyn dn CTR 210 : Tng i SDE

: BTS Vinaphone

: BTS Mobiphone

: B lp vi ba

: Tng i CSND

: B khuych i Vinaphone

: Tng i CSNMM

: Trm chuyn tip vi ba

SDH 155M

FLX-11/21E1

2 DM1

000

V5.2 Tam Ph

(UMC-360L)

UPG 60L

BRAS VTN3

OFC-1/4E1

Tr Gip

(USC - 40L)

SDH NEC 3/16E1

O

FC

-

1/4E

1

Tam Sn (V5.2 - 120L)

UMC

OPNET

4/21 E1

OFC 8E1

KCN N- N

(1024L-48)

Ring Nhnh 6/21 E1

AWA 1504 - 2/2E1

Ring Nhnh 6/21 E1

Ring Nhnh 2/21

E1

: DSLAM Siemens

: DSLAM C-COM

: V5.2

: Tng i RLU

Qung hu (1024L-27)

p Chnh

(UMC-60L)

Dng

(300L)

RLU

Dim Ph

(1792L-15)

: USC

SDH NEC 5/16E

1

SDH NEC 13/32E1

SDH NEC 7/16E1

SDH 155Mb/s NEC 11/16E1

: Zyxel

SDH

FLX 16/21

E1

FLX-

155A

2/8E1

FLX-

155A

5/21E

1

FLX

2/21E

1

FLX

7/63E1

Ring

Nhn

h 6/21

E1

3/21

E1

AWA 1504 -1/2E1

Phu Ninh

: Para

AWA

1504

2/2E1

in An (300L)

An Bng

(500L)

Nam HV

Tam M ng

(192l)

Tin

Cm (120l)

Tam Lc

(240l)

OFC

-

1E

1

Huyn mi

TGiang

Za hung

USC 32L

O

FC -

1E

1

OFC-1/4E1

OFC-1/4E1

Sng Tr

(UDC - 120L)

OFC 1/4E1

SDH 155M HUAWEI -2 E1

Card

F

O

Trng Xun (768L)

KDC s 1

(1536L)


Trang 8

Ph Hi An x l v iu khin 60 tng i v tinh v 10 tng i SDE nm ri rc ccThnh Ph, Huyn v Th X trong Tnh. 1.3.1.2 S mng truyn dn v tuyn Vin thng Qung Nam

AWA 1504

Quyt Thng

NG GIANG

AWA 1504 2AWA 1504

HI AN

Cu Lao

Cham

AWA 1504

DUY XUYN

AI LC

AWA 1504

Ha

Tn

My Hip

NAM GIANG

An Hoa

OCB

AWA 1504

QU SN

Trung

Phc

HIP

C

i 505

PHC SN

AWA 1504

i 405

TIN PHC

i 211 AWA 1504

AWA 1504

AWA 1504

DM1000- 16E1

IN

BAN

Ni Rang

AWA1504

DM1000 - 16E1

Vung B

AWA

1504

Tam

Hai

A

W

A

1

5

0

4

AWA 1808 eo

Le

in Ngoc

Kim Lm

Go Ni

ai Hng AWA 1504

Minilink - 16E1

Tram Viba

BA NA

Sng Kn AWA1504

M

i

n

i

l

i

n

k

-

4

E

1

AWA 1504

AWA 1504

TIN LANH

M

i

n

i

l

i

n

h

-

1

6

E

1

AWA 1504 -2E1

M

i

n

i

l

i

n

k

-

1

6

E

1

CTR210

AWA 1504

BN GING

Minilink - 16E1

AWA

1504

AWA 1504

DM 1000-4E1

RMR1500

3 RMR1504

DM1000-8E1

AWA 1504

AWA 1504 Phu Ninh

Tam Lc

A

W

A

1

5

0

4

AWA 1504

AWA 1504

AWA 1504

Vit An

AWA 1808

M

i

n

i

l

i

n

k

-

1

6

E

1

AWA 1504

AWA 1504 AWA

1504

AWA 1504

AWA 1504 AWA 1504

Binh Sa

AWA 1504


Trang 9

1.3.1.3 S mng truyn dn quang Vin thng Qung Nam

1.3.2 Mng truyn dn ti Trung Tm vin thng Hi An

p c

TOLL

VTN3

n

th

S MNG cp quang BT tnh n thng 5/2007

Tam Lnh

Bnh Minh

Ph

Tr Gip

Tam Sn

Qung hu

p

Chnh

Dim

Ph

Tam M ng

Tin Cm

KDC s 1

Tam k

n

Sn

n

n

ng

Bnh Sa

8FO-C 16FO-C

8FO-C 8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

24FO-C

8FO-T

8FO-T 8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

16FO 8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T 8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO

8FO-T

8FO-C

8FO-C

24FO-C

24FO-C

24FO-C

VTN

8FO-T 16FO-C

16FO-C

16FO-C

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-T

8FO-C

8FO-T

16FO-C 16FO-C

16FO-C

16FO-C

16FO-C

24FO-C

16FO-T

8FO-T 8FO-C

8FO-C

24FO-C

24FO-C

8FO-C

24FO-C

8FO-C 8FO-C

8FO-T

8FO DN

8FO-C 8FO-T

8FO-T 24FO-C

24FO-C

8FO-T

8FO-T

VTN-C

VTN-C

Cm Nam

24FO-C

Trung Ph-c

8FO-T

in Ho

in Th

8FO-T

24FO-C

Bnh Qu

8FO-T 8FO-T

Giang

8FO-T

Cm Thanh

8FO-T


Trang 10

HOST

HI AN

AXE810

HOST

DUY XUYN

ACATEL

HOST

TAM K

ACATEL

VTN3

NNG TOLL2

VTN3

NNG TOLL2

MGW NNG 43 RLU V5.1

- Tng i Host Hi An: S dng tng i loi Ericsson loi AXE 810 thuc d n ODA, phin bn phn mm APZ 212 33C, lp t ti Thnh Ph Hi An vi 10 tng i v tinh, tng dung lng lp t l 44340 lines, dung lng s dng l 33320 thu bao , tng trung k s dng/lp t l 261/492 , s cng bo hiu s dng/lp t: 30 /128. - Cc h khc nhau ca tng i: 10 tng i c lp SDE v 03 b truy nhp V5.2 tng dung lng lp t l 8.426 lines.

- Ngoi tng i ch Host Hi An cn c 43 tng i RLU v 10 tng i SDE lp t ti cc huyn, x. Cc tuyn truyn dn chnh l DM1000, AWA 1504, AWA 1808 v FLX 150/600 ca Fujitsu, truyn dn quang ca NEC, V5.2 ca UTStarCom.

S MNG CP QUANG TTVT HI AN

- HOST Hi An i HOST Tam K v ngc li s dng ng truyn: 10E1 C7 - HOST Hi An i HOST Duy Xuyn v ngc li s dng ng truyn: 8E1 C7 - HOST Hi An i VTN3 Nng Toll2 v ngc li s dng ng truyn: 10E1

C7.

- HOST Hi An i VTN3 Nng Toll1 v ngc li s dng ng truyn: 2E1 C7

- HOST Hi An i MGW Nng v ngc li s dng ng truyn: 16E1 C7 - HOST Hi An i RLU v ngc li s dng ng truyn: 50E1 29RLU


Trang 11

1.3.2.1 Mng truyn dn cp I:

Tng i loi Ericsson loi AXE 810 s dng thit b viba s ATFH 10E1 vi tc 140Mb/s do Php v c hp tc sn xut (hin nay dng d phng) v thit b SDH 2,5Gb/s - 20E1 di quyn gim st ca VTN3.

1.3.2.2 Mng truyn dn cp II: c truyn i trc tip t phng truyn dn Hi An n cc i

1.3.2.3 Mng truyn dn cp III: Ch yu s dng thit b viba s 1504 ca c sn xut, tc 4Mb/s, dung lng

60 knh, phc v cho cc khu vc c lu thoi thp hn. * Tuyn AWA 1504 ca c:

-Pht t Hi An i in Bn, G Ni, Phong Th -Pht t Hi An i Cm Kim, C Lao Chm -Pht t in Bn i TOLL (VTN)

* Tuyn cp quang ca Nht: -T Hi An i Ca i, Cm H, in Ngoc

1.3.3 Cc vng Ring

Hin ti Vin thng Qung Nam ang s dng hai thit b truyn dn cng ngh SDH ca NEC v FLX ( Tc 155 Mb/s ) vi 5 vng Ring , mt nhnh r kt ni n cc tng i

Vng ring 1-1: STM -4 dng thit b FLX dung lng s dng 79/126E1 gm 05 trm: HOST: Hi An, in Bn v nhnh r t Duy Xuyn Phong Th - i Lc H Nha.

Vng ring 2-1: STM -1 s dng thit b NEC, dung lng s dng 22/96E1 gm c 4 trm: HOST Hi An, in Thng, in Ngc, Cm H, Ca i.

CHNG II CC THIT B TRN MNG QUANG

2.1 Thit b pht quang

2.1.1 C ch pht x nh sng

Gi thuyt c mt in t ang nm mc nng lng thp ( 1E ), khng c in

t no nm mc nng lng mc cao hn ( 2E ), th iu kin nu c mt nng

lng bng vi mc nng lng chnh lch cp cho in t th in t ny s nhy ln

mc nng lng 2E . Vic cung cp nng lng t bn ngoi truyn nng lng cn ti


Trang 12

mt mc cao hn c gi l kch thch s dch chuyn ca in t ti mt mc nng

lng khc c gi l s chuyn di.

in t ri khi mc nng lng cao 2E b ht nhn nguyn t ht v quay v

trng thi ban u. Khi quay v trng thi 1E th mt nng lng ng bng 2E - 1E c

gii phng. l hin tng pht x t pht v nng lng c gii phng tn ti

dng nh sng gi l nh sng pht x t pht. Theo c hc lng t, bc sng nh sng

pht x c tnh theo cng thc:

12 EE

hc

(3.1)

Trong , jsh 3410.625,6 (hng s Planck)

810.3c l vn tc nh sng

Bc sng t l nghch vi lch nng lng ca cc nguyn t cu to nn

linh kin pht quang. Do bc sng nh sng pht x phn nh bn cht ca vt liu.

Khi nh sng c nng lng tng bng 12 EE p vo mt in t trng thi

kch thch, in t trng thi kch thch 2E theo xu hng s chuyn di v trng thi

1E nay b kch thch chuyn v trng thi 2E . Sau khi hp th nng lng nh sng p

vo (hnh 3.1c). l hin tng pht x kch thch. Nng lng nh sng pht ra ti thi

Hp th

E2

Pht x t pht

Pht x kch thch

E1

E2

E2

E1

E1

h 12

h 12

h 12

b

a

c

h 12

Hnh 2.1 Mc nng lng v qu trnh chuyn dch


Trang 13

im ny ln hn nng lng nh sng pht ra t nhin. Cn i vi c ch pht x ca

bn dn: l nh kh nng ti hp bc x pht quang ca cc ht dn trng thi kch

thch. T iu kin cn bng nhit, in t tp trung hu ht vng ho tr c mc nng

lng thp v mt s t vng dn mc nng lng cao. Gi s rng trong bn dn c

N in t trong c 1n in t vng ho tr 2n in t vng dn. Khi nh sng

chiu t bn ngoi vo bn dn trng thi ny, t l gia bc x cng bc v hp th

t l thun vi t s 2n v 1n . Vic hp th chim a s v nh sng pht ra gim i.

2.1.2 Diode pht quang LED (Light Emitting Diode):

C hai kiu cu trc LED c s dng rng ri l cu trc tip gip thun nht v

cu trc tip gip d th kp (khng ng nht). Qua thc t v nghin cu th cu trc d

th kp c hiu qu, c s dng nhiu nht.

2.1.2.1 Cu to: Gm cc lp bn dn p v n ca min hot tnh, khi hot ng c

phn cc thun, nh hnh v:

a) Tip gip pn b) Phn cc thun

Hnh 2.2 cu trc LED

2.1.2.2 Hot ng:

Khi c in p phn cc thun t vo lp tip gip pn th cn bng in tch b

ph v, cc electron d dng i qua min tip gip, cc in tch t min n v cc l trng

vng p s kt hp vi nhau ti min hot tnh, bc x ra photon. Qu trnh bc x nh

sng xut hin. Trong thng tin quang c 02 loi LED c s dng:

Cu trc LED pht mt (SLED: Surface Emitting Led).

Loi n Loi p

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

Loi n Loi p

- - -

- - -

- - -

Tip gip pn Vng ngho Electron

khuch tn

Vng ngo hp li

Ngun ngoi


Trang 14

Cu trc LED pht cnh (ELED:Edgle Emitting Led).

2.1.3 Cu trc Laser Diode (LD):

2.1.3.1 Cu to: Gm cc lp bn dn p v lp n ca min hot tnh v lp hot cht.

Lp hot cht ny l mt cp phin phng - l gng phn x c t qua vo nhau

phn x nh sng bc x hay cn gi l hc cng hng (Fabry-Frot).

Phin ta nhit

Kim loi ha (in cc)

SiO2 SiO2

Si quang

Vt liu bao

Kim loi ha

Cht nn

Lp cu trc d th kp

Ging khc hnh

trn

Cc lp

giam

Hnh 2.3 Cu trc ca LED pht mt

Kim loi ha

Lp SiO2 cch ly

Cc lp d th kp

nh sng

ra kt hp

Lp dn nh sng

Cht nn

Kim loi ha Ta nhit

Hnh 2.4 Cu trc d th kp ca LED pht cnh


Trang 15

2.1.3.2 Hot ng: Khi c mt lp in p phn cc c t vo lp tip gip th

cc electron s c bm vo, lp hot cht c kch thch, sau ti hp vi cc l

trng c in tch dng ti , ng thi sinh ra nng lng di dng quang v nhit.

Hc cng hng (Fabry-Frot) to ra s tng tc gia photon v electron din ra nhiu

ln v c th to ra cng sut quang ln.

C 02 loi diode laser: diode laser a mode v diode laser n mode:

Diode laser a mode thng thng s cho a ph nhng lm vic

khng n nh tc cao.

Diode laser n mode c rng ph hp, hot ng da theo

nguyn l b phn x cch t Bragg. Chng p ng tt yu cu lm

vic n nh cc h thng thng tin c tc cao v c ly truyn

dn xa.

2.1.4 Nhiu trong ngun pht Laser

Khi cc LD c s dng trong cc h thng thng tin quang c tc cao, th

mt s hot ng ca Laser bt u xut hin v tc bin i cng cao th chng cng

th hin r v c th gy ra nhiu u ra ca b thu. Cc hin tng ny c gi l

nhiu mode, nhiu cnh tranh mode v nhiu phn x. V nh sng lan truyn dc theo

si dn quang nn s kt hp ca cc suy hao mode ph thuc, thay i pha gia cc

in cc

Bn dn loi p

Lp hot cht

Bn dn loi n Mt pht x

nh sng

Hnh 2.5: Cu trc LD (-)

(+)


Trang 16

mode v s bt n nh v phn b nng lng trong cc mode khc nhau s lm thay i

nhiu mode. Nhiu mode xut hin khi c s suy hao bt k no trong tuyn. Cc

ngun pht quang bng hp c tnh kt hp cao nh cc Laser n mode s gy ra nhiu

mode ln hn cc ngun pht bng rng.

Ngoi ra, hin tng phn x nh tr li Laser do cc mt phn x t ngoi c

th gy ra s thay i ng k nhiu mode v v th cng lm thay i c tnh ca h

thng. Nhiu phn x c lin quan ti mo tuyn tnh u ra LD gy ra do mt lng nh

sng phn x tr li v i vo hc cng hng Laser t cc im ni si. C th gim

c nhiu phn x khi dng cc b cch ly quang gia LD v si dn quang.

2.1.5 So snh LED v LD:

LED c chi ph thp hn LD.

LED c cu trc n gin hn LD.

LED bc x nh sng ng hng, gc m bc x ln nn kh nng ghp

vo si quang thp.

LD c nh sng bc x ln, gc m bc x b (to mt ph vch). Do

kh nng ghp vo si quang tt.

2.2 Thit b thu quang

Thit b thu quang ng mt vai tr rt quan trng trong h thng thng tin

quang, n c chc nng bin i tn hiu quang thnh tn hiu in. Trong lnh vc thng

tin quang ta s nghin cu vn thu quang theo hiu ng quang in.

2.2.1 C ch thu quang

Nh ni trn, c s ca hiu ng quang in l qu trnh hp th nh sng

trong cht bn dn. Khi nh sng p vo mt vt th bn dn, cc in t trong vng ho

tr c chuyn di ti vng dn nhng nu khng c mt s tc ng sy ra th s khng

thu c kt qu g m ch c cc in t chuyn ng ra xung quanh v ti hp tr li

vi cc l trng vng ho tr. Do bin i nng lng quang thnh in ta phi tn

dng trng thi khi m l trng v in t cha kp ti hp. Trong linh kin thu quang,

lp chuyn tip p-n c s dng tch in t ra khi l trng. Khi nh sng p vo

vng p s b hp th trong qu trnh lan truyn n vng n. Trong qu trnh , cc in

t v l trng c to ra v ti vng ngho do hp th photon s chuyn ng v hai


Trang 17

hng i ngc nhau di tc ng ca in trng nn chng tch ri nhau. V khng

c in trng bn ngoi vng ngho nn cc in t v l trng c to ra do hiu

ng quang in v s ti hp trong qu trnh chuyn ng ca chng. Tuy nhin, s c

mt vi in t di chuyn vo in trng trong qu trnh chuyn ng v c kh nng

thm nhp vo mi vng. V do c mt in th s c to ra gia cc min p v n.

Nu hai u ca min c ni vi mch in ngoi th cc in t v l trng s

c ti hp mch ngoi v s c dng in chy qua.

2.2.2 B tch sng photodiode PIN

2.2.2.1 Cu to c bn ca PIN .

Gm cc vng bn dn p, n gia l mt lp t dn i rt mng. Khi diode PIN

c phn cc ngc th diode khng c dng, ch c dng ngc rt nh gi l dng ti.

Khi nh sng i vo photodiode nu mt photon sinh ra ti lp p, i, n mt cp in t

v l trng. Cc in t th b ht v min n v c in p dng, cn cc l trng th v

pha min p c in p m nh in trng ngoi. Tt c cc phn t mang in ny sinh

ra mt ngoi mt dng in v in p.Qu trnh pht ra cc cp in t v l trng cn

gi l ht mang quang (hnh 3.6).

Thin p

in t

Vng ngho Vng ho tr

Vng dn

Vng

cm P

n n

P n i

L trng

in t L trng

hv >E

Photon

Tr ti IP


Trang 18

Hnh 2.6: S vng nng lng ca Photodiode PIN.

2.2.2.2 Nguyn l hot ng.

Photodiot PIN l b tch sng dng bin i tn hiu quang thnh tn hiu

in. Cu trc c bn ca Photodiode PIN gm cc vng p v n t cch nhau bng mt

lp t dn i rt mng. thit b hot ng th cn phi cp mt thin p ngc vng

bn trong rt ht cc loi ht mang. Khi c nh sng i vo Photoit PIN th s xy ra

qu trnh nh sau. Nu mt photon trong chm nh sng ti mang mt nng lng h ln

hn hoc ngang bng vi nng lng di cm ca lp vt liu bn dn trong Photodiode

th photon c th kch thch in t t vng ho tr sang vng dn.Qu trnh ny s pht

ra cc cp in t, l trng. Thng thng, b tch sng quang c thit k sao cho cc

ht mang ny ch yu c pht ra ti vng ngho l ni m hu ht cc nh sng ti b

hp th S c mt ca trng in cao trong vng ngho lm cho cc ht mang tch nhau

ra v thu nhn qua tip gip c thin p ngc. iu ny lm tng lung dng mch

ngoi, vi mt lung dng in s ng vi nhiu cp mang c pht ra v dng ny gi

l dng photon.

Trong trng hp l tng, mi photon chiu vo phi sinh ra mt xung in

mch ngoi v gi tr trung bnh ca dng in sinh ra phi t l vi cng sut ca nh

sng chiu vo nhng trong thc t, khng t c nh vy m mt phn nh sng b

tn hao do phn x.

2.2.3 Photodiode thc APD(Avalanche Photodiode)

2.2.3.1 Cu trc Photodiode thc APD .

Cu to gm lp bn dn p, n v lp bn dn yu p-n+ cn gi l min thc,

cng in trng trong min ny rt ln, y xy ra qu trnh nhn in t.

tng nhy it quang ngi ta ng dng h thng ging nh hiu ng nhn

in t trong cc b nhn quang in.

Photoit thc k hiu APD (Avalanche photodiote) c c tnh tt hn i vi

tn hiu nh. Sau khi bin i cc photon thnh cc in t th n khuch i ngay dng

photo bn trong n trc khi dng ny i vo mch khuch i tip sau v iu ny lm


Trang 19

tng mc tn hiu dn ti nhy my thu tng ln ng k. thu c hiu ng nhn

bn trong th cc ht mang phi c tng dn nng lng ti mc ln ion ho cc

in t xung quanh do va chm vi chng. Cc in t xung quanh ny c y t vng

ho tr ti vng dn ri to ra cc cp in t- l trng mi sn sng dn in. Cc ht

mang mi ny to ra tip tc c gia tc nh in trng cao v li c th pht ra cc

cp in t- l trng mi khc. Hiu ng ny gi l hiu ng thc.

Hnh 2.7Cu trc Photoit thc v trng in trong vng tri. 2.2.3.2 Nguyn l lm vic ca APD

nh sng i vo thit b xuyn qua vng Pt v c hp th trong vng vt l i,

khi c photon b hp th n s truyn nng lng cho in t to ra cc cp in t - l

trng v chng b tch di tc ng ca in trng trong vng i. Cc in t ny qua

vng i n min p-n+ th chng nhn thm nng lng do in trng mnh ti y. Nng

lng thm ny mnh n mc cc in t khi va chm vo cc nguyn t li to ra cc

phn t mang in mi gi l Ion ha do va chm, s lng cc phn t mang in tng

nhanh, dng in sinh ra c khuch i nhiu ln so vi PIN, do nhy cng tng

ln. i vi photodiode Sc, ngng in trng cn thit thu nhn mc 105 V/cm.

2.2.4 Tham s c bn ca thit b thu quang

2.2.4.1 Hiu sut lng t

P+

n+

p

i

Vng thc

Trng in

Vng ngho

Trng ti thiu cn

thit tc ng ion ho


Trang 20

Hiu sut lng t c nh ngha l t s in t c sinh ra trn s photon

c hp th.Thng cc it t hiu qu khong 60% n 80%.

2.2.4.2 nhy quang

nhy quang cho bit kh nng bin i cng sut quang thnh dng in.

Nu ti mt bc sng c s photon ri vo l 0N v nng lng mi photon l:m

hcE (3.2)

th cng sut quang thu c l:

dt

dNchPT

0

(3.3)

v lng in tch sinh ra l:

eNq 00 (3.4)

vi ce 1910.6,1

T ta tnh c dng in sinh ra t cc photon l:

dt

dNe

dt

dqi 000 . (3.5)

TT

p SPhc

ePi

..

gi S h s chuyn i quang in[A/W]vhc

eS

.. (3.6) 2.2.4.3

Tp m ca tch sng quang

i vi cc b tch sng quang, b thu quang cn phi c nhy thu rt cao,

iu i hi cc photoit phi tch c tn hiu quang rt yu t pha ng truyn

ti. thc hin thu c cc tn hiu rt yu ny, cn phi ti u ho c b tch sng

quang v c cc mch khuch i tn hiu i km theo , iu ny cho php ta nhn

c t l tn hiu trn tp m S/N:

KDTS

p

PP

P

N

S

(3.7)

vi pP : Cng sut tn hiu do dng photo to ra.


Trang 21

TSP : Cng sut tp m ca b tch sng.

KDP : Cng sut tp m ca b khuch i.

t c t l S/N cao th phi hi cc iu kin sau:

S dng cc b tch sng quang c hiu sut lng t cao nhm to ra cng

sut tn hiu ln.

Phi hn ch c cc tp m ca b tch sng quang v b khuch i tn

hiu trong b thu quang cng nhiu cng tt.

Tp m ca cc b khuch i quang l tp m ca b tin khuych i v ca

cc b khuych i pha sau. Nhng trong thc t, phn ln tp m l do cc

b tch sng v cc b tin khuych i quyt nh.

2.2.5 B thu quang trong truyn dn tn hiu s

Hu ht cc h thng thng tin quang hin nay thc hin truyn dn tn hiu s.

Tn hiu c pht ra t pha pht l lung s nh phn vi cc gi tr 0 v 1 trong mt

khong thi gian. Trong mt b thu quang, nh sng nhn c t pha ng truyn s

c tch v bin i thnh tn hiu in v c khi phc u thu. B khuch i

thc hin vic bin i dng ny thnh tn hiu in p vi mc ph hp vi cc mch

tip theo sau. Nhim v ca b lc nhm gii hn bng tn ca b thu, lm gim ti thiu

tp m pht ra t b tch sng v khuch i. Xung clock c trch ly ra t chm tn

hiu s trong mch quyt nh.

Vic la chn b tch sng quang thng c da vo cc yu t cn c quan tm

nh qu cng sut ca h thng, di thng theo yu cu, tnh phc tp phn cng, hiu

qu kinh t.

2.2.6 Cc thit b trn mng quang:

2.2.6.1 Thit b Optix ca hng Huawei:

Dng thit b truyn dn quang Optix ca hng Huawei, vi cc u im, gn nh chi ph thp, dung lng lon v mm do, kh nng h tr a dch v. Cc sn phm tuyn dn quang Optix ca Huawei c kh nng p ng cc tt c cc nhu cu ca khch hng. T gii php mng Metro n mng ng trc.

Hnh 2.8: s khi ca b thu quang in hnh trong truyn dn s.


Trang 22

Dung lng mm do p ng vi cc nhu cu khc nhau: STM-1/4/16/64/256 vi cc kh nng u cho (cross-connect), xen r (add/drop)....

Kh nng tch hp h tr truyn ti a dch v: thoi, d liu v hnh nh p ng nhiu nhu cu khc nhau ca khch hng.

H tr a dng cc cu hnh: vng ring, hub, hnh sao, hnh cy. Line....

2.2.6.2 Optix OSN 3500: l thit b th h sau c pht trin bi Huawei vi cc chc nng chnh: SDH, WDM ghp knh phn chia theo bc sng. Ethemet, ATM phng thc truyn ti khng ng b. Truyn dn hiu qu cc dch v thoi v d liu, vi cc kiu giao din. Truyn dn hiu qu vi cc dch v STM-64, STM-16, STM-4, STM-1, FE, GE, E3/T3, E1/T1, STM-4, STM-1 ATM.OSN 3500. c ng dng trong mng truyn dn s dng ch yu lp hi t v trc ca mng MAN. OptiX OSN 3500 c th kt hp vi cc thit b khc nh: OptiX OSN 9500, OptiX OSN 7500, OptiX OSN 2500, OptiX OSN 1500.


Trang 23

2.2.6.3 Optix OSN 2500: cng l sn phm ca Huawei tch hp bi cc chc nng: SDH, WDM-ghp knh phn chia theo bc sng Enthernet, ATM phng thc truyn ti khng ng b, PDH h thng s cn ng b, SNA khu vc mng lu tr, truyn hnh qung b s. Vi cc kiu giao din STM-16, STM-1, STM-1 in, E4, E3/T3, E1/T1. Optix OSN 2500 s dng ch yu ti lp bin v lp truy nhp ca mng MAN. Optix OSN 2500 c th kt ni vi cc thit b khc nh Optix OSN 9500, Optix OSN 7500, Optix OSN 3500, Optix OSN 1500.


Trang 24

2.2.6.4 Optix OSN 1500: c tch hp cc k thut SDH phng thc truyn ng b, WDM-ghp knh phn chia theo bc sng Enthernet, ATM phng thc truyn ti khng ng b, PDH phng thc cn ng b. C hai kiu Optix OSN 1500 do s khc nhau v dung lng truy nhp. Optix OSN 1500A v Optix OSN 1500B. Vi cc kiu giao din STM-16, STM-1, STM-1 in, E4, E3/T3, E1/T1. Optix OSN 2500 s dng ch yu ti lp bin v lp truy nhp ca mng MAN.

2.2.6.5 Thit b ONS 15305 ca CISCO: Thit b ONS ca Cisco Systems c dung lng cao, thit b truyn dn quang nh gn nht ca Cisco l ONS 15305 cng h tr dung lng ln n STM-16 (2,5G). Cc khch hng c th la chn d dng mt thit b ph hp vi nhu cu hin nay ca mnh cng nh nhu cu m rng trong tng lai.

Thit b truyn dn quang SDH: ONS 15305 c dung lng t STM-1 n STM-64 v thch hp cho nhu cu kt ni mng Metro hoc cc lp mng bin, lp mng truy nhp ca cc nh cung cp dch v.

2.2.6.7 Thit b SMA ca Siemens: SMA l dng thit b truyn dn quang ph bin nht ca Siemens, gm 2 loi thit b: SMA16/4 c kh nng p ng cc ng dng STM-16 v STM-4.


Trang 25

SMA4/1 c kh nng p ng cc ng dng STM-4 v STM-1.

Dng thit b SMA c kh nng cung cp cc giao din tributary t 2 Mbps PDH n STM-4 SDH vi kh nng add/drop thng qua ma trn u cho c dung lng ti a 64 STM-1 i vi SMA16/4 v 16 STM-1 i vi STM4/1. Kh nng tch hoc xen r ti mi mc VC: VC-2, VC-3, VC-4 v VC-12; v cc giao din nh Ethernet, Fast Ethernet hay Gigabit Ethernet u c th c ghp vo cc VC).

2.2.6.8 Modem quang: Modem quang l gii php kinh t i vi cc khch hng c nhu cu truyn d liu tc ln trn si cp quang m khng phi dng thit b truyn dn quang c chi ph cao. Hin nay CT-IN c kh nng cung cp rt nhiu loi Modem quang t nhiu nh cung cp thit b ni ting nh Telindus (B), TAICOM (i Loan), ADTRAN (M),. Cc modem quang c th cung cp truyn d diu tc 1E1, 2E1, 4E1, 8E1 hay 16 E1 qua cp quang vi khong cch ln n 70 km. Modem quang cng c th cung cp nhiu loi giao din ngoi cc giao din truyn thng nh V.35, V.36, RS 232, X21 cn c cc giao din nh E1, E3 (G.703), Ethernet 10/100 BaseT vi cc chc nng cu ni (bridge) hoc nh tuyn (routing).

2.2.7 Cc thit b t ti v tr cc Khi trong Phng, Thnh ph c m rng thm:

2.2.7.1 Trm Ca i (Thuc Phng Ca i) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: LOOP 16E1 (PDH). Tng i: RLU AXE 810 (Erision). Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI. Trm BTS 3G: ZTE.

2.2.7.2 Trm An Bng (Thuc Phng Cm An) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: NEC STM1 (SDH). Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.


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2.2.7.3 Trm Thanh H (Thuc Phng Thanh H) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: ALCATEL 1642 STM1. Tng i: RLU AXE 810 (Erision).

Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.

2.2.7.4:Trm Cm Chu (Thuc Phng Cm Chu ) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: LOOP 16E1 (PDH). Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.

2.2.7.5:Trm Cm Nam (Thuc Phng Cm Nam ) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: ALCATEL 1642 STM1. Tng i: RLU AXE 810 (Erision). DSLAM: HUAWEI IP.

Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.

2.2.7.6: Trm Tn An (Thuc Phng Tn An ) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: ALCATEL 1642 STM1. DSLAM: HUAWEI IP.

Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.

2.2.7.7: Trm Cm Thanh (Thuc x Cm Thanh ) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: LOOP 16E1 (PDH). Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.

2.2.7.8 i chuyn mch (Thuc Phng Minh An) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: TELWEI 8E1 (PDH). Tng i: RLU AXE 810 (Erision). DSLAM: HUAWEI IP.

Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.

2.2.7.9 Trm H Trung (Thuc x Cm Kim) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: ALCATEL 1642 STM1. Tng i: RLU AXE 810 (Erision). DSLAM: HUAWEI IP.

Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.

2.2.7.10 Trm U Ban Thanh H (Thuc Phng Thanh H) gm c: Thit b truyn dn quang: ALCATEL 1642 STM1. Tng i: RLU AXE 810 (Erision). DSLAM: HUAWEI IP.

Trm BTS 2G: HUAWEI.


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CHNG III MNG FTTH V CC DCH V TRIN KHAI TRN MNG QUANG FTTH

3.1 Thng tin v cc dch v vin thng ti TTVT Hi An 3.1.1 in thoi:

- Dch v in thoi t hn: Khi mun ni chuyn vi mt ngi no , khch hng c th t hn ngi

n mt s my in thoi bu cc-ghi s, i l no vo thi gian nht nh, ch chung v m thoi.

- Dch v in thoi giy mi trong nc: Khch hng c nhu cu mi mt ngi (c ghi r tn, a ch, ni c th) n

bu cc tip chuyn vi mnh theo ngy, gi nh. - Dch v in thoi thy hnh (video phone): Dch v in thoi thy hnh l mt loi hnh dch v in thoi m trong qu trnh

m thoi vi nhau, ngi ni v ngi nghe u nhn thy hnh nh ng ca nhau trn mt mn hnh mu nh c gn lin vi my in thoi.

- Dch v hp th thoi: y l dch v cung cp cho khch hng hp th in t t ti tng i ghi li

bn tin nhn bng ting ni ca ngi gi n. H thng ny c 3 dch v: in thoi o, tr li cuc gi v hp th thng tin.

- Dch v 108: Dch v 108 l dch v cung cp v gii p thng tin kinh t-vn ho-x hi qua

mng in thoi cng cng theo yu cu ca khch hng. - Dch v in thoi HCD (Home country direct): y l mt dch v in thoi quc t cho php ngi nc ngoi n Vit Nam

gi thng v tng i nc mnh ng k v thit lp cuc gi ( ng k s dng dch v v c xc nhn bng m c nhn - PIN). Ngi gi khng phi tr cc ph ti Vit Nam m s tr ti nc ca mnh khi v nc.

- Dch v in thoi quc t Collect-Call: Cuc gi in thoi Collect-Call bt buc phi gi qua in thoi vin quc t,

ngi gi khi ng k phi cho in thoi vin bit l cc ph ca cuc in m do ngi c gi thanh ton, tn ngi gi v ngi c gi, s my gi v s my c gi trc khi thc hin ni thng.

- Dch v in thoi hi ngh quc t: Mt cuc in thoi hi ngh quc t l mt cuc in thoi trong c t nht 01

my nc ngoi tham gia m thoi v c kt ni bi ti thiu 03 my in thoi tr ln.

- Dch v in thoi giy mi quc t: Cuc in thoi ny cho php ngi nc ngoi mi ngi Vit Nam khng c

in thoi nh ring ti bung m thoi cng cng tip chuyn; ngi c mi phi c ch nh r bng h, tn, a ch.


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- Dch v in thoi di ng (Vinaphone): Mng in thoi di ng Vinaphone l mng di ng s dng cng ngh GSM

hin i vi 100% vn ca Tng Cng ty bu chnh vin thng Vit Nam. Hin ti mng Vinaphone ph sng 61/61 tnh, thnh ph. Vinacard l dch v in thoi di ng tr tin trc.

- Dch v nhn tin ton quc (Paging): Nhn tin l dch v tip nhn cc tin nhn qua in thoi ti cc trung tm nhn tin

ca Bu in, tin nhn s c truyn i bng v tuyn in n i tng c nhn theo yu cu ca ngi gi. - Dch v in thoi dng th (Card Phone):

Mun s dng dch v ny khch hng mua th trc gi in ni ht, lin tnh v quc t t ng ti bt k cabin in thoi no trong phm vi c nc.

3.1.2 Telex:

-Telex thu bao

-Telex cng cng

3.1.3 Fax:

-Fax cng cng -Fax thu bao

3.1.4 Truyn s liu: -Truyn s liu chuyn mch gi -VN email

-Internet

3.1.5 Thu knh thng tin v thit b: -Knh thoi ng di -Knh in bo -Knh pht thanh truyn hnh -Knh truyn s liu

3.1.6 Cc dch v chnh ca tng i in t s: -Dch v thng bo ch thu bao vng mt -Dch v ng dy nng -Dch v cho bit ha n thng bo cc ng di -Dch v bt gi cc cuc gi n mang tnh cht vi phm th l in thoi, vi

phm php lut -Dch v my in thoi chuyn gi i hoc gi n -Dch v thng bo c cuc gi n khi ang m thoi -Dch v bo thc bng in thoi


Trang 29

-Dch v gii hn tm thi cc nghip v n thoi ng dy theo yu cu ti my thu bao

-Dch v chuyn cuc gi tm thi sang my thu bo khc -Dch v ng dy thu bao u tin

3.2 Trin khai mng FTTH ti Trung tm vin thng Hi An 3.2.1 Cu trc in hnh mng FTTH ti Trung tm Vin thng Hi An

Hin ti Trung tm ang s dng mng cp quang AON n cc thu bao FTTH, dung lng khon 60 thu bao, mt phn b thu bao khng ng iu, tp trung ch yu ti cc khu vc x, Phng c dn c ng. Mng ny phn ln phc v cho khch hng l cc i l kinh doanh Internet, cn li mt s t l cc c quan ban ngnh v doanh nghip trn a bn Thnh Ph.

- M hnh:

FO

L2 switch

(Access)

LAN

Khch hng

GE

GE

FE/GE

L2 switch

hin c

Internet VDC /

IP core

CPE

BRAS/PE

FO

LAN

Khch hng

FE/GE

CPE

FO

LAN

Khch hng

FE/GE

CPE

L2 switch

(HUB)

L2 switch

(Access)

IP-DSLAM

NG-SDH

hin c

GE

GE

GE

MAN - E


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QNM03TKY

123.29.14.11 DSLAM

MA5600

Modem

HSI and

IPTV

SR router

Alctel (DHCP relay)

BRAS Core

Router

T1600

Unicast Source : 172.25.224.0/19

Multicast Source : 123.29.128.4/29

Multicast Group : 232.84.1.1 to 34

GE2/0/11

HSI and

IPTV

FTTx Sw

QNM00TKY

123.29.41.2Unicast and VoD: Vlan1101

IP TV: Vlan 99

Ge3/1/8

GE4/0/0

GE2/0/0

Modem

FTTX

Unicast: VLan1101 L3 VPN172.25.224.0/19

STB

STB

VoD and

IPTV

VoD and

IPTV

MAN E

GE0/7/0

VPLS

VPLS

Modem : 1 VPI/VCI for HSI (PPPoE)

1 VPI/VCI for VoD and IPTV (Bridge)

GE2/0/1

3.2.2Cng ngh s dng mng FTTH: Hin nay, cng ngh FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home l mng vin thng bng thng rng

bng cp quang c ni n tn nh cung cp cc dch v tc cao nh in thoi, Internet tc cao v TV) ang c trin khai kh mnh m trn th gii. Ti nc ta, FTTH cng c FPT Telecom trin khai ti mt s thnh ph ln. Tiu chun ny cn c gi bng tn khc l FTTB (Fiber To The Building), khc vi FTTC (Fiber To The Curb) - ng dn cp n bn ngoi ng thi, cn dn vo nh vn l tiu chun dy ng nh c.


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Khi dng cng ngh FTTH, ng truyn dn hon ton bng cp quang ti tn phng my ca ngi s dng. Cht lng truyn dn tn hiu bn b n nh khng b suy hao tn hiu bi nhiu in t, thi tit hay chiu di cp nh i vi ADSL.

bo mt rt cao. Vi ADSL, kh nng bo mt thp hn v c th b nh cp tn hiu trn ng dy, cn vi FTTH th hu nh khng th b nh cp tn hiu trn ng dy.

Vi cng ngh FTTH, nh cung cp dch v c th cung cp tc download ln n 10 Gigabit/giy, nhanh gp 200 ln so vi ADSL 2+ (hin ch c th p ng 20 Megabit/giy). Tc truyn dn vi ADSL l khng cn bng, c tc ti ln lun nh hn tc ti xung (Bt i xng, Download > Upload) v ti a 20 Mbps. Cn FTTH cho php cn bng, tc ti ln v ti xung nh nhau (i xng, Download = Upload) v cho php ti a l 10 Gbps, c th phc v cng mt lc cho hng trm my tnh.

Tc i Internet cam kt ti thiu ca FiberXXX >= 256 Kbps, ln hn tc i Internet ca tt c cc gi ADSL. Vi ADSL, chiu di cp ti a cn 2,5 Km t s n nh cn thit, cn vi FTTH th cn s ny ln ti 10 km.

FTTH c bit hiu qu vi cc dch v: Hosting Server ring, VPN (mng ring o), Truyn d liu, Game Online, IPTV (truyn hnh tng tc), VOD (xem phim theo yu cu), Video Conferrence (hi ngh truyn hnh), IP Camera hay cho cc im truy cp Internet cng cng

D kin FTTH s dn thay th ADSL trong tng lai gn mt khi bng thng ADSL khng sc cung cp ng thi cc dch v trc tuyn trong cng mt thi im. FTTH cung cp 1 IP tnh thch hp vi cc doanh nghip, t chc trin khai d dng cc dch v trc tuyn nh IP Camera, lu tr mail, truyn d liu tc cao...

Cng ngh FTTH c khong 20 triu kt ni ton cu, trong chu c nh gi l th trng c tim nng pht trin ln. Theo d on, vo cui nm 2012, ring chu s c 54 triu kt ni FTTH, tip theo l chu u/ khu vc Trung ng/ chu Phi vi 16 triu, ri n Bc M v Nam M vi 15 triu. Hin nay, qu trnh chuyn i sang FTTH ang c thc hin nhiu nc, gm an Mch, Php, Hng Kng, Nht Bn, Hn Quc, Thy in, i Loan v M.

- Cc loi thit b s dng: + S kt ni t 1 Swich L2 ra nhiu my tnh:


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Hnh 1


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Hnh 2

nh 2 Swicht L2 ti i Vin Thng Hi An

3.2.3 Thc trng trin khai mng FTTH ti Trung tm vin thng Hi An

S M T TRIN KHAI MNG QUANG FTTH

GIN MNG CP QUANG FTTH

8FO-1265 m

ODF

Mng xng

ODF 48FO

36FO-430 m

ODF 24FO

ODF 24FO

24FO-1060 m

(1-48)

(49-72)

Thu bao

Thu bao

i


Trang 34

T cc i v tinh n cc mng xng (mi ni), cc ODF v n thu bao khch hng Trong tng lai cp quang trin khai n tn nh khch hng, bng thng rng nhm thay th cc dch v bng thng hp.

3.3 Cc dch v c trin khai trn mng quang FTTH 3.3.1 Dch v FTTH: - FTTH l dch v truy cp Internet tc cao s dng cp quang - u th ca dch v ny: + Dng cng ngh FTTH, truyn dn hon ton bng cp quang + Truy cp Internet siu tc, ln n 1 Gigabit/giy + Tc Upload/Download i xng - cht lng tn hiu n nh, khng b nh hng bi thi tit, chiu di ca cp ...... + Nng cp bng thng d dng, cung cp a ch IP tnh + Truy cp internet tc cao c bit ph hp vi cng ty t chc ln

3.3.2 Cc dch v c trin khai: Trong qu trnh chuyn i t ADSL sang FTTH, nhiu dch v lai c cc ISP cung

ng ra th trng, va tn dng h tng cp ng va cung cp dch v bng thng cao.

Chng hn dch v FTTC (Fiber to the curb) vi tc bng thng upload/download i

xng 100/100Mb/giy, nhanh gp nm ln tc ADSL2+, to nn tng cho dch v

truyn hnh nt cao (HDTV). Hoc gi dch v Triple Play c tch hp trn nn IP

vi ng truyn ADSL cho bng thng 8Mb/giy v cc dch v truyn hnh tng tc

(ITV), in thoi c nh cng ngh IP (Ivoice). So vi vic s dng ring l tng dch v

th mc chi ph cho Triple Play tit kim c hn 20%.

3.3.2.1 VPN (mng ring o)/ Server Game ring:

Hin nay, s ra i ca cc cng ngh mi dng nh khng lm cho ngi tiu dng qu chong ngp. iu ng khng ch trn th gii m ngay c Vit Nam. Mt cu hi


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thng c t ra l liu cng ngh mang li ch li g cho cuc sng, trong sinh hot, trong gii tr, sn xut, kinh doanh.

Cng ngh mng ring o trn nn NGN khng phi ngoi l. NGN-cuc cch mng

Vin thng th h mi Nu chin lc i thng vo cng ngh s cch y gn 20 nm

c xem l cuc cch mng th nht, th vic p dng cng ngh mng th h mi NGN

hay IP ho h tng vin thng Vit Nam l cuc cch mng th hai.

* Mng ring o hay VPN (vit tt cho Virtual Private Network) l mt mng dnh ring

kt ni cc my tnh ca cc cng ty, tp on hay cc t chc vi nhau thng quan

mng Internet cng cng. * NGN (Next Generation Network) l mng h tng thng tin

da trn cng ngh chuyn mch gi, cho php trin khai cc dch v mt cch a dng

v nhanh chng, p ng s hi t gia thoi v d liu, gia c nh v di ng vi chi

ph thp nht, gim thiu thi gian a dch v mi ra th trng, nng cao hiu sut s

dng truyn dn, tng cng kh nng kim sot, bo mt thng tin ca khch hng.

M hnh kt ni VPN n: M hnh VPN kt ni t cc my trm xa vo mng LAN ca doanh nghip:

- M hnh site to site: VPN kt ni gia 02 mng ni b t xa vi nhau (LAN LAN):


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3.3.2.2 Dch v MyTV:

MyTV l dch v truyn hnh theo yu cu. Khch hng khng ch xem truyn hnh n

thun m c th xem bt c chng trnh no mnh yu thch vo bt k thi gian no v

s dng nhiu dch v khc nhau qua mn hnh tivi nh: xem phim theo yu cu, ht

karaoke, chi game, nghe nhc, .... S khc bit ln gia dch v truyn hnh ca MyTV

so vi truyn hnh truyn thng l khch hng c th:

Kho nhng chng trnh c ni dung khng ph hp vi tr em ( Parental Lock ).

Tm kim chng trnh truyn hnh, ly thng tin chi tit tng th loi, xem lch phat

sng v cc knh cho xem li nhng ni dung pht ngy trc.

+ IP Camera + Video Conferrence (hi ngh truyn hnh), + VoD (xem phim theo yu cu), Game online + c bit ph hp vi i l Net


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3.3.2.3 Dch v Internet:

Internet l mt h thng thng tin ton cu c th c truy nhp cng cng gm cc

mng my tnh c lin kt vi nhau. H thng ny truyn thng tin theo kiu ni

chuyn gi d liu (packet switching) da trn mt giao thc lin mng c chun

ha (giao thc IP). H thng ny bao gm hng ngn mng my tnh nh hn ca cc


Trang 38

doanh nghip, ca cc vin nghin cu v cc trng i hc, ca ngi dng c nhn, v

cc chnh ph trn ton cu. Chng cung cp mt khi lng thng tin v dch v khng

l trn Internet.

Mng Internet mang li rt nhiu tin ch hu dng cho ngi s dng, mt trong

cc tin ch ph thng ca Internet l h thng th in t (email), tr chuyn trc tuyn

(chat), my truy tm d liu (search engine), cc dch v thng mi v chuyn ngn, v

cc dch v v y t gio dc nh l cha bnh t xa hoc t chc cc lp hc o.

Ngun thng tin khng l km theo cc dch v tng ng chnh l h thng cc

trang Web lin kt vi nhau v cc ti liu khc trong WWW (World Wide Web). Tri

vi mt s cch s dng thng ngy, Internet v WWW khng ng ngha. Internet l

mt tp hp cc mng my tnh kt ni vi nhau bng dy ng, cp quang, v.v..; cn

WWW, hay Web, l mt tp hp cc ti liu lin kt vi nhau bng cc siu lin kt

(hyperlink) v cc a ch URL, v n c th c truy nhp bng cch s dng Internet.

3.3.2.4 Dch v Metronet: Dch v Metronet l dch v kt ni cc mng (nh mng LAN ti cc vn phng, chi nhnh) ca mt doanh nghip, mt t chc thnh mt mng ring, duy nht. V mt k thut, dch v Metronet chnh l VPLS (Virtual Private LAN service), mng ring o lp 2 da trn cng ngh MPLS v Ethernet.

Li ch dch v: Kt ni n gin vi chi ph thp. Nh cung cp dch v ch cung cp kt ni trn lp 2, khch hng t trin khai giao thc nh tuyn trn lp 3 nn khch hng t bo mt thng tin tt hn. Mm do: d dng khai bo cu hnh dch v v nng cp tc ng truyn. tin cy: cung cp knh truyn cho khch hng vi tin cy rt cao. H tr a giao thc ti pha khch hng: v nh cung cp dch v khng tham gia vo qu trnh trao i nh tuyn ca khch hng nn c th h tr a giao thc nh IP, IPX, SNA

c tnh k thut:

Truyn dn theo thi gian thc, khng b tr Tc p ng cc yu cu ca khch hng. Cung cp cc kt ni theo tiu chun im- im, im - a im Cung cp gii php kt ni gia cc mng LAN-WAN


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S kt ni

3.3.2.5 Dch v Megawan: Dch v mng ring o Megawan l dch v kt ni cc mng my tnh nhm phn tn

ti cc im khc nhau (nh vn phng, cc chi nhnh ....) ca khch hng thnh mt mng ring duy nht.

Dch v Megawan hot ng trn nn mng IP, s dng phng thc chuyn mng nhn a giao thc MPLS (Multi Protocol Laber Switching) Li ch dch v: Kt ni n gin vi chi ph thp. Mm do, linh hot: c th va kt ni mng ring o va truy cp Internet (nu khch hng c nhu cu). Cung cp cho khch hng cc knh thu ring o hot ng n nh c tin cy cao. Dch v MegaWan thch hp cho cc doanh nghip hot ng kinh doanh c din tri rng, gm nhiu im c nhu cu kt ni vi nhau. D dng nng cp tc ng truyn.


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M hnh mng MegaWAN (lin tnh)


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KT LUN

Thng tin quang thc s em li cho ti nhiu hiu bit v thng tin si

quang. Khi tm hiu v tng quan v mng truyn dn quang chng I trnh by mt

cch khi qut v h thng v gip cho ti c tm nhn v h thng thng tin quang

mt cch tng qut. Cc chng tip theo s tp trung vo trnh by mt cch then cht

cc vn Tm hiu cc thit b trn mng quang, trin khai mng FTTH v cc dch v

c trin khai trn mng quang FTTH.

Trong nhng nm gn y, cc nc pht trin trn th gii nh M, Nht, Trung

Quc, cang ngin cu a ra cng ngh mi :WDM l cng ngh truyn dn

tc cao vi trm Gbit n Tbit. Dng cng ngh WDM m rng dung lng l

cng ngh truyn dn siu ln nht hin nay. N khng nhng m rng dung lng, tit

kim c s lng ln im b lp, b ti sinh, gim gi thnh ca h thng. N l nn

mng cho s pht trin lu di trong tng lai.

Trong Chng III tm hiu mng FTTH v cc dch v trin khai trn mng, cng ngh FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home l mng vin thng bng thng rng bng cp quang c ni n tn nh cung cp cc dch v tc cao nh in thoi, Internet tc cao v TV) ang c trin khai kh mnh m trn th gii. Vi cng ngh FTTH, nh cung cp dch v c th cung cp tc download ln n 10 Gigabit/giy, nhanh gp 200 ln so vi ADSL 2+ (hin ch c th p ng 20 Megabit/giy). Tc truyn dn vi ADSL l khng cn bng, c tc ti ln lun nh hn tc ti xung (Bt i xng, Download > Upload) v ti a 20 Mbps. Cn FTTH cho php cn bng, tc ti ln v ti xung nh nhau (i xng, Download = Upload) v cho php ti a l 10 Gbps, c th phc v cng mt lc cho hng trm my tnh.

.............................................................HT.........................................................

He Thong Thon Tin Quang 7874

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Transcript of He Thong Thon Tin Quang 7874