Harijan Uplift in Madras Government Measures Explained

8/19/2019 Harijan Uplift in Madras Government Measures Explained

1/42

HARIJAN t l ~ L I F T : IN

.l\fADRAS .

GOVERNMENT MEASURES

'

EXPLAINED

.,

ISS C ED BY

TBl l DmECTOB OJ' INFORMATION AND FC .BLICI iY .

GOVERNMENT

OJ

YADRAS


2/42

CONTENTS

·

I,

P:uuClll ••.

II.·

CoMMtTNITIEs ELIGIBLll: FoB HELP

l iT TRll LAllotrB

DEPA..Bl M:EN I

m : A.bMisSION TO PLACES OF PtrBLlO

RESOllT

:..n

,·,

Jlnmtr

lc.MPLES

'

lV.

ADMISSION T


3/42

HARIJAN

UPLIFT-·IN

MADRAS·

• • • •

GOVERNMENT

MEASURES

EXPLAINED .

I.: PREFACE

Ameliorative work for Harija.ns

h s

been going' onfor over.

1Lirty years in this Provi:npe. The Christian· o n s a n d a few.

~ o c i a l Service Institutions have been devoting ,E Ome a.ttentlon

·to

·

lh"

religious, social and economic betterment · of · these classes.

llut. the real stimulus to this movement of emancipation of the·

down-trodden people was given, when

the

Government of

India.

accepted the resolution moved by·

the

Hon'ble Da.dabhoy in ~ e

Imperial Legislative Council on the 16th March 1916. and

com:-

:

mended it to the various Provincial Goverrullents for implementa.

tion.

In

consequence of this, the Government of·

Ma d ra s

·under·

took an exhaustive enquiry into the work that h d already been .

done for the improvement of the depressed and backward classes·,'

including aborigines and the scope

of the

work that still ,had to

be undertaken. In G.O. No. 748,. R e v e n u e ~ dated 29th March

Hll9, the late Sir George Paddison, I.C.S.,.

wa.'s

·appointed,

in

the

.first instance, on special duty for • term of

two

years to deal with •

~ b e measures ncces lary for improving the condition of the Ha.rijana

and in G.O. No. 271, Revenue, dated 2nd February.1920, he was

appointed Commissioner of Labour

a.Od.

entrUsted with the.

duty·

n(

betterment of the conditions of the Ha.rijans. .Ever Jnce 1920,

the Government of Madras have, through the La.boll '. department,,

continuously worked hard to improve the social and; , economic

cunditions of the Harijans, by various measures.. '' .. ' .

·

. I

•

The Indi:m National Corigress, under

the

leadership

of

Mahatma

Gandhi, has also been working for the eradication of untouchability

Ct·om 1920 onwards and when the Congress formed the Government

in

the Province for the first time

in

July 1937 under the Govern.

nu.mt oC India. Act, 1935, the pace of progress of the Harijan Uphft

work was quickened in pursuance of the Poona. Pa.cl

of

1939.

The

late Diwan Babadur M. C. Rajah, a Harijan leader who had been

working (or the removal of social and economic diaa.bilities of his

community

along

with the late Diwan Bah&dur R. Srin.ilrasan, was

the first Harijan Minister in the Interim Government (Madras)

which

~ · s

in office from 1st Aprill937 to the middle of Julyl937

.

I n the first Congress Ministry, Sri

V.I.

Maniswami Pillai was tho

Harijan Minister until the Congress Ministry resigned

office

in

:ktober 1939. A few months before the resignation of the Ministry

the H:lrijan Temple F.ntry Movement was started by the Govern:

ment by admitting the Harijana into the famous Madura. ) eena.kahi


4/42

CONTENTS

·

I,

P.au.A.cm . • •

.

II.·

CoMMtT:l.UTIES

E L i o ~ L i :

Fo:a

w

BY

l D

LA:aov:&

. DEPA.RTMENT

m

AtiMrsSION

TO

PLACEs

OJ'

PuBLIO RJ:SOBT j . l 'fJ)

. • III:NDv

' .'E:M:PI.Es

•: ••

tv. A D ~ S i o N To SCRooLS

.

V. LABoUB ~ C R o o L s ·'

VI. (a) EDUCATIOli'_.U. FACILITIES l'BOVIDJ:'D BT Tllll

. ' .

Ll.BOUB

l>E:P.A.BTMENT· · , , , · . '

J

•...

·

(b)

EDUCATIOlUL.

FACILlTIES l'BOYIDED

..

BY TBll

·

EnvoAnoll ' DEPABTMENT

rn. Hosw ·

JUINTA.I:NJ:n

.Aim

rro:BSIDIZED BY

GoVDlOitD'l '

VIII. BoA:anmG

Guns

IX. G:&.A.NTil ~ Pm:vA.U

.AGENCIES ENGAGED m

Soow.

. . ·

_ ~ : l ~ E C O N o M I O

A l > V A N l E M ~ T OF TBB

• i •

; l:I..UI.uANs · · • · .

•·

·

·:x

n o ~ T S m· _ G o ~ T SEBVIClll.

.

XI

..

J»aoVISION

o:r Housx-siTEs · • • · ..

XU, . DB.l':iowtG-WATEB .'WELLS, l'ATJIWAYS ID OTHJ:B

· .,,; SANIT.A.BT

A¥ENITIES .

• .

. • • _.,

If • : - ..

XIII. S:tEtU.L

WOBX

l l l MAl>

BAS

CITY

-CONSTBVCTIO:W

. ' .•

0 .

.A:5D

FLOOD

BELl:Ji:J'

• •

XIV.

-RESUVAT'IOlf AND . ASSlGt 'fMDT OJ' . LAND FO:

. CULTIVAT'Iolf • . • • ·

XV.

Co-Ol EBA.TIVB SOCIJCTIES

XVI.

I.A:Bot7B STAR

(BlW>QVA.RTDS AND

TBll

• _DISTBICTS) . ._ ·

XVU

How

·

AND WJU1' Gov:D:nt:n-'1'

AD

Bl'J:NDING

oN IIA:Jwus

••

XVIII. liA:Buu. WELFJ.D Colllii'rJ:Ell .A:5D DxsTBIC l.

· · n u u UPLifl'

ADVISoBY

ColDIIrrn

:nx.

H u i Tu CoLOlfiZA.'l'loll'

ScJ:Wo

·

XX.·

G:uu.u.

.

.

.

.

Annt l ieu . . . .

I.

RooT

AL

o:r

Crm.

Disun.m:u Ac'f.

1938,

AC:r

·"

XXI o-r1938, .UAJIDDED :n; AC l

XI

ol' 1947.

II. Tml :MADBAS ' TzluLJI Elft l i ,T AUTBOJUUTIOW

· Acr.

1947

· ••·

m T:D

Pooli'.A. P.A.Cr. 193 • •

2

5

15

22

23

24

25

28

• 29

30

3

33

33

34

37


5/42

HARIJAN

UPLIFT···.

IN MADRAS

.

.

.

. .

.

.

GOVERNMENT

MEASURES

EXPLAINED:

.

,

•

.

I •

PREFACE

; .

.

.

Ameliorative work for Ha.rija.ns lia.a been going' on. for over

\birty years

in

this Province.

The

Christian M.issions a.n.d a few

l:::ocial Service Institutions have been. devoting .some attentton.

to

the religious, social and economic· b e t t e r ~ : r r t · of these classes.

But

the real stimulus to

this

moveiXll'fit of emancipation of

the

'down-trodden people was given, when. the Government

of

India.

a


6/42

Amman Temple, first by

an

ordinance, replaced later by

an

Act

of

the

Provincial Legislature.. During the war, members of the

Harijan community joined

the

Military Service

in

large numbers

and thereby improved their economic conditions to a large extent.

Again, when .Congress formed the Government in April

1946,

Sri

V. Kurmayya,

B.A., LL.B.,

was appointed Minister in charge of

Harijan Uplift. The present Government have· set apart one

crore of rupees for

the

Harijan Colonization Schemes and have

put on

the

statute book the Removal of Civil Disabilities (Amend··

-wenifA.c't,-1941,, and the Temple Entry Authorization Act, 194

7.

· Thus; within iliict.y_years, untouchability as

part

of Hinduism,

has been eradicated by

.la.w

, _

but

economically, socially and educa

tionally,

the

Harijans have still

to go a.

long way before they can

occupy

an

equal position with ca.st&-Hindus. However, judging

from

the

pace of progress already achieved

in

this important work,

the

future of the .Harija.ns, especially in this Province, may be

said to be bright. , , . .

. Broad details of ameliorative work done for·

the

Harijans are

given

in the

following pages. · . ·

: U

COMMUNITIES

ELIGIBLE

FOR

HELP

BY

THE

LABOUR DEPARTMENT.

The .following classes are' eligible for

the

ameliorative

m e a s u r e ~

undertaken by the Labour department

.

.Ca

Ha:rijans (Scheduled

Clases)-

1) Adi-A:Adbra,

2)

Adi-Dravida,

3)

Adi-Karnataka, 4)

Ajila, (5) Ara.na.dan (also • P.T.), (6) Arunthuthiyar, (7) Baira,

8) B&l-ada, 9)

Bandi,

· (10) Ba.riki, 11) Battada, 12) Bavuri,

(13) Bellara, (14) Byagari, (15) Chachati, (16) C h a ~ y a n 17)

Chala.vadi,

18)

Chamar,

19)

Chanda.la,

(20)

Cheruman,

(21)

Dan

dasi,

(22)

Devendrakulatha.n, (23) Dombo (also • P.T.), (24) Ghasi,

(25) Godagali, (26) Godari, (27) Godda, (28) Gosangi, (29) Haddi,

130) Hasla,

31)

Holeya,

32)

Jaggali, (33) Jambuvulu, (34) Kadan

(also

~

P.T.), (35) Kalladi, (36) Ka.nakkan, (37) Karimpalan (all o

• P.T.), (38) Kattunayakan (also •

P.T.), 39)

Kodalo,

40)

Koosa,

41) Koraga, (42) Kudiya (also • P.T.). (43) Kudubi (also •

P.T.),

(44) Kudumban, (45) Kuravau, (46) Kurichchan (also • P.T.), (47)

Kurum.ati (also •

P.T.),

(48) Madari, (49) Madiga, (50) Ma.i a,

5 1 ~

. Mala,

(52)

Mala Dasu,

(53)

Malasa.r (also •

P.T.),

(541.tMatangi,

(55) 1\[avilan.

(also

• P.T.), (56) Moger (Holeya Moger), (57)

Muehl,

(58)

Mnndala,

(59)

Nalakeyava,

(60)

Nayadi, (61) Pa. adai,

l62)

Paidi,

(63) Painda., (64)

Paky,

(65) Pallan, (66) Pambada.,,

(57)

Pamidi.

(68)

Panchama,

(69) Paniyan, (70) Panniandi, (71)

Pano (also • P.T.), (72) Para.iyan, (73) Paravan, (74) Pulayan.

(75)

Puthirai

Vannan, (76) Raneyar, (77) Relli, (78) Samagara,

•

P.T.=Primitive

Tribea.


7/42

(79) Samban, (80) Sapari, (81) Semman, {82) T h o t i ; ~ sa)

. tiru-

valluvar, (84) Valluvan, (85). Va.lmiki, {86) Vettuva.n P o l a y ~ .

Vettuvan). , .

(b) Aboriginal and Hill Tribes- .

Name of community.. . . District (and places) in which chiefly found,

1 Badaga. Coimbatore· and

the

Nilgirh.

2 B ~ g a t a .

Vizaga.patam.

3 Chenchu

Kurnoo1, Wel't

Godavari,

Kiatna.,

4: Gadaba

5 Gond

6

Irula

....

...

7 Jatapu

8 Kani

or Kaniyan

9 Konda Kapu

Jdanya.

Kapu.

10 Karumba.lan

•.

11

Kattunayakan

12 Kondh

S

Kanda Dora

••

14 Kota. ••

15 Koya

••

-16 Kudubi .

17 Kurichan

•.

Cuddapah., Guntur

and

Vizagapatl\ru. '

Vizagapatam and Ellst Godavari.' ·,

. . Do.

..

• .North .Arcot, Salem, Chittoor, Coimba.- ·

tore

and the Nilgiris •

.Vizaga pa.tam. .

Coimba.tore and Tinnevelly.

or East Godavari.

Malabar.

.

Malabar

and the Nilgiris.

.Vizagapa.tam. 1

Vizagapatam

and

East

Godavari.

· The Nilgiris. · · . ·

West o d a v a r ~

Vizagapata.m an'd

East

Godavali. , · · · · · · ·

••

South Kanara.. · · · ··

Malabar

and Bellary.'

18 Kurumba.

or

K u r u o ~

Malabar

and

the

Nilgiris:

man.

19

'-fala.sar

20

::Malaya.U

or Malaiali.

U

Marati

22 Mavilan

23 Melakudi or· Kudiya.n.

2. Poraja

Coimbatore. 1

Trichinopoly, S a l ~ m and North·

Arcot.

South Kanara.

· ·

·Malabar.

South

Kanara.

Vizagapatam (Agency tracts)

Vizaga.patam.

1 •z s

Savara

26

Sholagar

27

Toda ••

n'Yen&di

• • Coimbatore. ·

The

Nilgiris. ·

Chingleput,:

·

Chittoor, Cuddapah,

Guntur, Kistna., · Madras, ·Nellore ' ·

and West Godavari. · ··

c) Members

of Notified Criminal Tribes

and

their families.

l:o .B.-The Criminal Tribes .Aet. 19 4, u tiUbsequently amended, hllo8 now been.

111\ade inapplieable in the Province

of

Hadras

by

the Criminal

Tribes (Madras

~ . R e p e a l ) Ad X or 19f7. · . . I •

Ill

G.O.

Ms.

No. US, Publio

( E i e c U o n ~ ~ ) , dated

18th November

11137

the

Qoyor.,rnen' b.ave ord- .d thM t.be euBiz •

du

• should ao' be added 'o the ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

of

memlJOlW

of the

Scheduled

eiMi188 aod

instead,

the

eutJi.s

•ayya

•

may

be added,

14


8/42

lo

G.O. No. 8.50, Public (Elections), dated 18th Maroh 1947, the Govertl.meht

have direoted that the term • Harijans should be used to denote persons belong.

in

to

the

Scheduled

classes

in

all

public records exoept

in

proceedings under

statutory enaotmoots until the statute is amended.

111. ADMISSION TO

PLACES

OF PUBLIC RESORT

AND HINDU TEMPLES

The Madras Government have now removed .ail the social

disabilities under which the Harijans wer suffering by t:aacting

the Madras Removal of Civil Disabilities (Amendment) Act

XI of

1947 (amending the Removal of Civil Disabilities Act XXI of

1938)

and

~ h e

Madras Temple

Entry

Authorization Act V of

1947

which came into force from 2nd June 1947. The Harijans have

now equal rights of access with members

of

other castes and com-

munities among Hindus to all Hindu Temples and places of public

resort .such as educational institutions, streams, rivers, public wells,

tanks, pathways, hotels, etc. The offences against these acts have

been made cognizable and also punishable with imprisonment on .

the ttecond or subsequent occasions. These two Acts are printed

as Appendices I and IV · The ·Government propose to give

wid.o

· ~ l i c i t y to the provisions of these Acts all over the Province .

. IV.

ADMISSION

TO

SCHOOLS

. .

£he policy of the Government has all along been to endeavour,

as fa.r as possible, to get the Harijan pupils admitted into the

schools already existing

n

the locality and to open separate schools

for them only in places where, owing to caste prejudices, the

existing schools are not easily accessible to them or in places where

there are no schools whatsoever; The Government have tried to

enforce this policy by laying down the following rules

. (a) Recognition shall not be granted to any school situated

io a locality which is inaccessible to members of any class or

· community. · ·

(b) Recognition may be withdrawn from any school whether

under public or private management which refuses admission to

any pupil merely on the ground of the caste or community to which

he belongs.

f

no

pupils belonging to the Harijan community are

actually attending

a

school,

it

will be deemed to refuse admission

to such pupils within the meaning of this rule, unless the manage-

, ment of the school shows

that

no such pupils are residing within

a distance of one mile from the school or adduce other satisfactorv

reasons for the absence of such pupils from the school. Before

recognition is withdrawn from any school under this rule, the

District Educational Council shall give the management of the

school,

a\ least, one month s notice of its intention to

do

so.


9/42

(c) No grants shall-be paid

to.

any inl ltitution,

Cl)

which.is

· situated in a locality which is inaccessible

to the

member of any

caste

or

community

or

(2)

which· refuses admission

to

any pupil

merely on the ground of

the

caste or community to which

he

belongs [G.O. No. 1446, Law (Education), dated 16th July 1935].

. But under the Removal of Civil Disabilities (Amendment)' Act,

XI of

1947)

which is now in force,

the

Harijan. ehildren h a v e ~

equal rights of admission into all educational institutions along

with caste-Hindu children. In G.O. No. 1225, Education,: dated

11th June 1947, the Government have also reserved, .With. effect

from

the

school or academic year 1947-48,

ten

per cent :of the

seats in all secondary and training schools, Government :Arts im.d

Training Colleges, and

the

Law College, for Harijans and have

,tequested the Director of Public Instruction to arrange with the

managements of aided Colleges,.

to

make. a similar reservation

of

r

feats for Harijan students 'Xhey have also asked the Director o

Public Instruction to consider the question whether the Madras

~ d u c a t i o n a l Rules should be amended so as to make the ·reserva...

tion of seats for llarijan pupils one of

the

conditions 'of· recogni

tion of secondary schools. · The Government have also ordered

.in.

, G.O._ No. 1364, Education, dated 27th June 1947,

that the

com

munal principle should be applied in regard to admission·· to

Engineering Colleges and accordingly one out of every

~ w e l v e

seats

in the Engineering Colleges should be r e ~ e r v e d f o r ~ Harijans.

V. LABOUR SCHOOLS ·

· The Government have opened special schools. t meet the needa

o the Harijans in certain localities. · The number of such separate·

schools run by' the Labour department was

1,148

on 31st: March

1947. 77,674 children consisting of 50,538 boys and 27,136

girl15

received instruction in these schools on ·slat

March·

1947. The

number of teachers employed in, them on

·atst

March 1947 was

2.198 of whom 2,196_were trained. and the remaining two

un·

trained. Mid-day meals are supplied to children of the eligible

communities in these schools.

The

system of supply of .mid-da.v

meals was first introduced in some of the Labour schools in 1941-42

and bas now been extended , o all the Labour schools. · The

expenditure incurred on

the

supply of mid-day meals

in

1946-47

was Rs. 10,50,222. . . . · . ,

VI. (a) EDUCATIONAL

FACILITIES

PROVIDED BY

THE

LABOUR DEPARTMENT . . .

In

G.O. 'Ms. No. 2319, P.W. (Labour). dated 23;d· S e t e m b ~ ~

'1941, the Government have ordered that

the

educational facilities

provided by the Labour depllrlment should be ~ x t e r i d e d to fer o:tlV


10/42

•

_belonging

to the .communities eligible for help by the Labour

department who have been converted to Christianity or any other

religion ·and their

d e s c e _ n ~ ~ n t s

SCHOLARSHIPS.

A. Ordinary Education.

· · The Jollowing scholarships are given by the Labour depart

ment for general education

, 1. Residential. These are given only for pupils studying in

o ~ IV and above in

High

Schools and

in

the Collegiate classes.

They are intended to cover expenditure on boarding charges, besides

school

or

college fees, purchase of books, etc. The rates of the

scholarships are -

·Yearly value

of

the scholarship i

the

pupil pays

-

.A.

Half fees.

No

fees.

... .____ ., ---- --

Madras.. Mufassal. Madrl .ll. M u f a s ~ a l

. . BS. BS. BS. BS.

Forms IV to VI 149 135 128 114

Intermediate 180 . 162 126

117

.B.A. . 189 180 144

126

. .The

rate. :of residential scholarshjp for students

in

Arts

Colleges staying in hostels attached to the Colleges should not

exceed Rs.

25

per mensem. · · ·

2. Non residimtial. These are ·given to pupils in Stan

dards

IV

to

VIII in

elementary schools,

in

class

IV

to Form

VI •

in Secendary schools and

in

the College clasRes. These scholar

ships

are

intended to cover expenditure on payment of school or

college fees, purchase of books, etc. The rates o these scholar-

ships

are -

·

Elementary Schools

Yearly value of the scholarship i t the pupil

pays

,... .A . - -- - - -- -

Halffees

• .

No fees.

-

Mufas8al:

,... .A.

Madras

City.

Me.dra.ct

City.

Mufasaal.

BS. A. P. R S ~ A. P. BS. A. P.

BS. A.

P.

Standard

IV

10

8

0

8 4 ·0

6

0

0

6

0 0

V

12

0

0

9

0

0

6

0

0

6

0

0

••

VI

. 15

0 0 .

10

8

0

6

0 0

6

0 0

. VII

18

8 0

13 4

0

8

0

0

8 0 0

Vlll

20 0

0

14

0

0 8

0

0

8

0 0

· · Secondary

School8

Clasaes

IV

and V

. 13

0

o·

11 0

0 . . 8

0 0 8 0

0

forms

I

a.ndll

.25

0 0

25

0 0

14

0

0

14

0

27 0

0

. 25

0

0

16

0

0

14:

0

lV to VI

49

0

0

4S

0

0

28 0

0

24

0

0

,


11/42

Yearly value of

the

echola;ship i f

the

pupil pays

-

Half fees,

· · Nofees. r

, .----- ---- \ .....

.

.

-

Madras City. lluto.sSal. :Madras City; Mufassa.

B8. A. :r. BS. A. :r. B8.' A

r .

Bs. A, i.

, , , 1

College .

Intermediate Junior.

81

0 0

81

0 0 37 0 0

35

0 0

,, Senior. 81 0 0

72

0 0 28 . 0 0 · 26 · 0 0

B.A. Junior

117

0 0

108

0 0 51 8 0

51

8 0

B.A. Senior

99

0 0

99

·o

.

0

38 o

0 · 38. 0 0

Applications for the above scholarships should

rea.ch

the Com

missioner of Labour on or before the dates .specified below

Scholarships tenable in Elementary schools-lOth July every

year. .. . .. . .

Scholarships tenable

in

Secondary Schoot,s-:.;...20th July every

year. · ·

Scholarships ·for

Post-Graduate·

courses in M.A. or MSc.

Scholarships

for Post-Graduate· courses in M.A • .or· .M .Sc.:

classes.-Three non-residential scholarships or residential scholar·

ships are awarded every year to deserving students, for Post·

Graduate studies in M.A. or 1LSc. courses.· The rate of each

non-residential' scholarship should not exceed Rs. 200 per annum.

In the case of Residential scholarships, . an extra. amoilll-t for

boarding and lodging charges not exceeding Rs.

25

per .mensenJ

may

be sanctioned. ' ' ' · ·

.

B.

Special Education. . ;

1

Madras

Setiasadan.-Ten Residential scholarships,'each· of the,

value of Rs. 150 per annum, · are granted to girl pupils . of' the

Harijan community residing in the boarding home of the ':Madra\ '

Sevasadan.

C Professional and Commercial Courses• ' .

1. Residential.-Midwifery · scholarship for pupils takhig

Mid:,.

wifery course. . ' ,

Period

of

course.-Eighteen months. · · · '

1

·J

f

.

Value

o ~

?holarship-1\Iadras

C i t y _ : _ R u ~ e s

60

initia pay,

ment on adiD1ss1on, Rs. 216 for the first year payable

in, thrt>e

instalments in July, November and March and Rs. 108 for the

next half-year, payable in three instalments in July, September

and November. . . . 1 ,

Mufassal.-Rupees

30

initial' payu}ent on ~ m i s s i o ~ R ~ 120

for the first year payable in three instalments in July, Novt mber

and March, and Rs. 60 for the next half-year payable in three

instalments in July, September an(l November, ·


12/42

8

In addition, the

pupilR

are given a dearness allowance of

Rs. 1 Q · e _ a c ~ per me:p.sem.

2.

·N on-Residemia t-

(a) Physical Education

Scholarship in the Y.M.C.A.

College of Physical Education,

Saida.pet.

:

'

''

,}

b)

B.So. Agriculture ; •

( ' ' • ' J •

,; . c:) M.B.B.S Medical

College. ·. · .

- · (i) Pre-Registration.

10 months

Rs. 450 or Rs. 430 or

Rs. 400 in a year

payable in 3 instal

ments in July, Octo

ber and Jnoua.ry.

3

years

6 months

Rs. 9 for a year for

· special fees only. ·

· · Rs. 61 for the half year

for essential books

n ~

special fees.

: (ii) Post Registration. 5 years

· Rs. 108 for

·the

year

for essential books

and special fees.

,:,.

·

cl)

S a ~ t a r y Inspector.

1 year

e) B.E. Engine ring . •

·4

years

( f Engineering (Upper

Subordinate). ·

(g) Engineering (Pro-

bationary

and

Lower Subordi·

nate)

.

2 years after

probation

course.

Probationary

2

years.

Lower

. Sub

ordinate 1

year after

probation.

h) L.I.ll.

School

of 4 years·

Jndia.n Medicine.

L.I.M. · School of

~ raonths

Indian

Medicine Apprentioe

Course.· . ,

: J•

B.V.Sc. V e t ~ a r y

4 yeara

. j) B.T.

or

B.Ed.

1

e ~

~ . •

Rs. 39 for the year for

essential books and

. special fees.

Rs. 57 for

a year

for

essential books and

special fees. ·

Rs. 27 for

the

year for

e ~ e n t i a l books and

special fees. ·

Rs. 32 for the year for

essential books

P.nd

special fees.

Rs. 43 a year for essen

tial books a.nd special

fees.

Rs. 4 a year for special

fees.

Rs. 23 a year for essen•

tia.l books

and

special

fees.

Actual requirements for

education, special

fees, cost of

boob,

subject ~ o •


13/42

9 '

2. No _ResidentaZ--cont.

.

. .

t '

· maximum of Rs. 190

in the ·

c se

of

Non-Residential

and

Rtt.

225

ip the,

case

· of Residential scholar·

· shi s . ··· ·. ·

. ~ '

' ,

, I l

' •

The total number of scholarships

both

. non-reside,ntial,

e.n< l

residential that ca.n be awarded

in

a year

is

3. , · .

k)

Compoundere' .

2

months Rs .

16. ~ c h , ~ h e r e . t h ~ ~

Tra.ining. . pupU has to pay,

no

fee and Rs

. 31

each

: where

the

pupU.

has

(l) Diploma in Medical

Radiology.

(m)

Diploma.

a.s Certified

Radiological Assistant. ·

Do.

to pay

half fees. : : :

· Rs. 150 where ihe pupi

has to ,pay :no fees

and

Rs.

350 · 'where

· the pupu·

hai

to

pay

'half fees. · ;' .. .

.

1

Do. · , •

·:

Rs.

50

where the ·pupU

,has

to. pay

·DO( fees

a.nd, Rs. ·

150.,

:where

r the pupil·

has)o,

pa7

half

fees:. ' ,

,.

; .

Two. scholarships can be sanctioned

b y ~

the

C ~ m ~ ; ~ ~ n e r :

of

Labour every year for each

of the

two courses of

study

mentioned in

itoms and (m). · , , .

1

The Non-residential scholarships for Professional

. Course

may

be converted into Residential scholarships at such .rates as local

conditions necessitate. , . ' · · · .. .: . , , .. ·

1

Ten Non-residential

e ~ c h o l a r s h i p s

for pupils studying shorthand,

typewriting, book-keeping, theory and practice . of commerce,

banking and commercial geography are awarded every y e a r ~ · Each

scholarship

is

of the value of Rs. 36.

n G.O. Ms. No. 4358, Development, dated 23rd November

1946,

the Commissioner of Labour has been authorized

to gran(

ten scholarships every year for the Law Course. Five

of

these ,

scholarships are to be given to poor and deserving students belong

ing

to the Yerukala, Yenadi, and other aboriginal

t r i b ~ s .

If,

in.

any year, sufficient number of deserving students belonging

to

these·

tribes

is

not available for the award of the scholarships, the scholar

ships

may

be given to deserving applicants :from

the

Itarijan


14/42

10

x m p t i ~ n from payment of examina1 ion. fees to deserving pupils

:of the

eligible communities. .

. f •

E Industrial education

··

, Industrial scholarships are awarded by the Commissioner of

J.Jabour to the pupils of the eligible communities learning

a

trade

or profession

in

recognized industrial schools or to selected appren·

tices serving properly arranged apprenticeships for a specified term

of training in workshops or mills. The aim of these scholarships

is

to encourage deserving apprentices and pupils to complete their

ttpprenticeship or period of training at a particular institution or

w r ~ p

and where

an

institution maintains

a

boarding home, to

provide for their maintenance

in

the boarding home. In the award

.pf.

these scholarships, preference will be given to applicants whosa

families are already

in

the trade. Particulars of the scholarships

are' given below-.-

.,·.

:

a} About

35

residential scholarships will be awarded to pupils

taking such courses as carpentry, blacksmithy, etc., in the

St. Joseph's Industrial Schools at Dunadala near Bezwada, at

Tindivana.m. in South Arcot, at Ootacamund in the Nilgiris, and at

.Trichinopoly:

in the

Methodisfi Mission Industrial School

at

Karur,

Trichinopoly;·

in the

A.A.M. Industrial School at Velacheri, near

St. Thomas• ·Mount, and in the Pasumalai Trade School near ·

Madura. · · ·

I . The rates of these scholarships vary from Rs. 40 to Rs. 100

per annum and include charges on account of boarding, etc.,

in

the

boarding homes attached to the institutions in accordance with the

arrangements made

by

the Commissioner of Labour with the insti

tutions concerned. The rates for

the

present are

.

I I

J

·

a ~ e or

inlltitution.

St. Joseph's Indus

- trial

·

school at

Gunadala,

near

..

First

year

course.

BS.

A.

-

Bezwa.da

.

87

8

St 'Joseph's Indua-.

trial

schools

at

· · Tindivanani, Tri- _

: chinopoly · and ·

Ootacamund 80 0

Methodist.

'

ltfisSion

_ Industrial , school

, at Ka rur . 80 · o

Yearly value of

achola•·Hhip

•

Second

Third

Fourth

Fifth

year

year

yeu

year

COUI' Ie,

courRe.

eourae.

eOUl 8e.

A.

A.·

RS,

A.

RS.

A.

77

8

80 0

fiO 0

50 0

80 0

60 0

50 0

4:

0

80 0

65

0

55

0

4

0


15/42

Nama

of

institution.

Pasuma.le.i Trade

school · near

:Madura

A.A.M. Industrial

school,

Velacheri

near St. Thomas

Mount ••

u

Yearly value o£ echolarahip. · ·

i

~ ~ ~

Seoond Third

Fourthirst

year

course

BS.

A.

year

I

year year · ;

COUl A, COUI IIe. course .•

as. A.

BS. A.

I

B.S. ....

55 o

.

55 0

55

0

'

ifth

year

00111 88.

BS, A.

: ' , t ' J

.55

10 .

.

. '

' t; . i

., . ; :

·:

I

100

0

100

0 80 0

60;

0 .·,

4:0

.0

.

1 Pupils undergoing training

in

other industrial schools r ~ o g

nised by the Director of Industries and Commerce are also eligible

for residential scholarships provided they stay in the hostels, if any,

attached to the institutions or

in

recognised boarding homes.· The

scholarships will be awarded at a maximum rate of Rs.

1

10 per

mensem for ten months in a

yea;r,

gradually reducing to a minimum

of Rs. 5 per mensem in the fifth year, account being taken of the

earning capacity of the pupils in the third and subsequent

ye.ars

of

their training. · · J · · · · 1

. rhe selection

~ f

pupils· for these scholarships. will ordinarily

be

restricted

to

applicants belonging to the districts

in

·which

the

institutions are situated. Only those coming from places more than

five

miles away from

the

institutions concerned and who

ha.ve

passed

a.t

least Standard V in a day school and are between 2 a.nd

15 years of age are eligible for these scholarships, , The age-limit

will

be relaxed in respect of deserving cases. ·

Applications should be in the prescribed form and should be

accompanied by the School-Leaving Certificate in original and

the

written consent of the parent, or, i no parent is alive, of the guard

ian, agreeing to send the applicant for residential training in

the

institution concerned. · . . · • · , • ·

t l

t

1

Applications for these scholarships should reach the

C o ~ -

missioner of rJabour before the 1st July. . . . . . .

·These residential industrial scholarships are payab16 in three

instalments each representing . one-third of the annual·· value· in

J

uJy,

October and January. , , , , ,

(b) About 35 non-residential scholarships. will. he. awarded to

pupils taking such eourses

a s

carpentry, blacksmithy etc.,

in

insti- ,

tutions recognized by the Director of Industries and Commerce,

M ~ r a . s , , the Gov.ernment School ?f Arts ~ n d Crafts, .Chengalvaraya

Na1cker

s Techmeal and Industrtal Instttute, ete., m ·t·he City of

~ l a d r a s

and

such other institutions in the mufassaJ. . ·• · ·


16/42

. The maximum annual• value of these scholarships u e -

....

'

J •

t

I

Yee.r.of.coUJ'H.

1 •

• · J · · .

'

• · ,

t

l

Where

the

inetitutioo

·.

Jeviea any fee:s

on

· ~ e o i l t

of u i ~ i o n

·Where

the

institutio1

Jeviea no fees on

OOOIUlfl

Of tuition,

. ·., · BS. A, P. BS. A.

P.

Firstyear

. .

42 0 0 10 8 0

Second year . • 48

o o 12 o o

(Third year

::.

• ' ' ·· 60 0 0

15

· 0 0 '

Fourth year • • 72 0 0 ..

18

0 0

Fifth

ear

.

8 . : · .21

In

addition, a non-recurring bonus calculated at Hs. 6 for each

·;year of the course· during which the pupil was ·a scholarship bolder

. and subject

tq .a.

maximum

of.

Rs

.

30 will be paid til him on his

. satisfactorily . completing the course. . Claims for bonus should be

made within .

.

period of twelve . months after completion of ·the

;

u r s e

:.

.·

. _

.

, · . 1 · · · • · ;

1 • • · • ' •

. : •· Applicanta should not have exceeded 20 years of age on the

tlst July and should have passed at least Standard V in a day-school.

:The age-limit will be relaxed in respect of deserving cases. · Appli

·.cations in the prescribed form should reach· the Commissioner of

Labour before the 1st July.

:.

_ . . These non-residential industrial scholarships are payable

in

:two. instalments-the first instalment representing three-fourths of

.the annual value being paid in July.or as soon as possible after the ·

scholarship is sanctioned and the second instalment representing the

:remaining fourth

·of

the annual value early in January. '

i • · (c)

Two scholarships

i n t e n d ~ d

to cover the boarding and other .

charges will be awarded to pupils selected for training as apprentice

titters

in

.the engineering department of the Deccan Sugar and

.Abkari. Company, Limited, Samalkot

_near

Cocanada. The period

.of apprenticeship is five years.

I

The annual value

of

these scholar

.sbips will be Rs. 60 for each of the first two years, and Rs.

84

for

each of the remaining three years. The selection of candidates for

these scholarships will ordinarily be restricted to applicants of the

East Godavari district. Only those coming from places more than

tive miles away, from the institution are eligible for these scholar

ships..

Applicants should be between

17

and 20 years of

ae:e

on

1st July and should have passed at least Form m or Standard vm

n

day-school. . , . ·

·

. · .

•

i . :Applications in the prescribed .form should reaeh

the

Com-

m t ~ s i o n e r of .Lsbour be ore 1st July. · , · · · ·

.:··

..

h e _ s ~ ; f : C h o l a r ~ h i p s ·are ·payable_ in

· . t h ~ e e

ineta.lments ea.eh

representmg,

one-third

of the annual value· m July, October.

ana

J anuM 7·


17/42

13 I

(d}

A few scholarships will be .awarded to pupils s e l e t e d to

undergo apprenticeships in .motor car. mechanism .in· the

United:

Motors, Limited, Coimbatore,

the

Canara. .Public Conveyance Com-.

pa.ny, Kodialbail,

~ 1 a n g a l o r e the Andhra

Engineering Company ·

and the St. Aloysius Works, Vizagapatam. ; · ·

·•

; -... ··

These firms levy no tuition fees; .some

of

them give. the .

apprentices

a.

small pay during ,their apprenticeship.

_The-

periods

of apprenticeship are two years in the Canara. Public Conveyance

Company, three years in the Andhra. Engineering Company,

Vizagapatam, three to :five years

in

the· United Motors, Limited,

Coimbatore, and five years

in

the St.

Aloysius Works, Vizagapa.tam.·

The selection of pupils for apprenticeship

fu

·

he

mufa.ssa.f

workshops mentione.d above will be restricted to residents of

.the,

districts in which

the

workshops .are situated.

rhe

1

annual

va.lue

:

of

the

scholarship in their cases will be

R ~ .

60, .if ljving

at

o D J e

and getting no pay from their employer or

i

living away frcm home

and getting pay from their employer; Rs

. 90

,· j livmg away from

home and getting no pay from .their employer ; and Rs.

3 if

living ·

at home and getting paid by their employer. , . .

·:...

.· ..

Applicants for. these scholarships should have· ·completed

:Form III

or Standard VIII in a d a y ~ s c h o o l . and should have -been·

declared tit for promotion to the higher class. . The.· scholarships ·

will not be granted to those who are either below 17· or. above 18

years. of age on the 1st July. . Applications in· the prescribed form. .

accompanied by

s c h o o l ~ l e a v i n g

certificates in: original

s h ~ u l d reach.

the

Commissioner of Labour b e f ~ r e 1st J uly. . . . ,

..

· . ·: ,

These scholarships are payable in three. instalments,

each

instalment representing one-third of the_ annual value,

_in

July,

October and January. · · . . . . . . · · . .

(e)

Three scholarships will be awarded

to

pupils selected

for

training as apprentices in the· Public Works Department Work-

f hops: one each

a.t

Madras, Bezwada. and .Dowla.ishwaram. · , ,

The selection of candidates for the Madras City workshops

will

be restricted to applicants from

the

Tamil districts of

the

Presi"

Cleney, who have passed S.S.L.C. and have been declared eligible

for the

college course. Applicants should not be below

15 or

above

20 year11

of age on

the

1st

July.

· · . · , · · · . · .

The candidate selected for the Madras City Workshop will be

given a non-residential industrial scholarship.

A

seat will

be

reserved for him in

the

Government School of Technology, Madras,

which he has to join on selection. f

the

selection is made from

amonl ' the applicants belonging to the mnfassal, the candidate will,

in addhion, be provided with free board and lodging in the Slater

Hostel, Madras. · · ·


18/42

, .Applicants, for the apprenticeship. in the Public Works

Department

1

Workshops

at

.Bezwada. and Dowlaishwaram should

have. passed at. least Form

m.

Selection will be made only ftom

those belonging.

to

the Telugu districts of the Presidency who are

noi below 15 or above 18 years of age

on

the 1st July. The selected

candidate will be given

a. scholarship

of

the annual value of Rs.

42

which, together with the daily wage of annas four he will get from

the workshops, is intended to cover boarding and other charges.

, . Every applicant for apprenticeship in the Public Works

Depa•·tment. Workshops should produce in original his school·

leaving certificate,

a.

medical certificate from

a.

registered medical

practitioner that he is

of·

good physique and fit to undergo the hard

training in the workshops, and at least two testimonials covering

the three years immediately preceding the date of application

about· his character and· respectability. .

Applications for these scholarships in the prescribed form

accompanied by .the required documents should

1·each

the Com

missioner of Labour before 15th June..

- The scholarship

is

payable

in

three instalments, each instal

ment representing a. third of the annual value. The first instal

ment is payable in July or as soon as possible after the scholarship

is sanctioned, the second in October and the third in January.

. : The scholarship will be continued

in

subsequent years at the

. prevailing rates, on

a.

report from the head of the institution about

the progress and conduct of the apprentice, but will cease imme·

dia.tely

the

apprentice s pay in the workshops amount to Rs.

15

a.

month.. . · · ·

. · . he heads of the institutions should report at once to this

office when any scholarship-holder discontinues his studies or :Ois

name is struck off the rolls or when the scholarship has to be can

celled fol any othe.r reason

so

that the scholarship may be cancelled

by this

office

without delay.

j) Six residential scholarships of the value of Rs. 150 each

will be awarded to pupils undergoing training in sericulture for a.

periOd

-of six months

in

the Sericultural Branch of the Department

of Industries· and Commerce

at

Kollegal, Coimbatore district.

ThE

pupils will be selected by the Sericultural Expert, Kollegal. Appli

l ations

in

the prescribed form should be sent through him. ·

, F · Non recurring granu

Every

yea.r,

a provision

.,of

Rs. 6,500 is made in· the builo'et

estimate for grants to pupils towards purchase of clothes, books

ete.· n the districts where a Labour staff is working, the CnJlecton


19/42

u

are empowered to sanction grants from this provision and .

he

districts where there is no Labour staff,

the

grants are ,sancttoned

by the Commissioner of Labour. These grants are generally given

to pupils studying in Classes I to in secondary schools,

.

in

Standards I to in elementary. schools and to those undergomg ·

teachers' training. · · · · ·

G Poverty

certificates

'rl1e educational concessions, including individual boarding

grants, are sanctioned by the Labour department only to those.

pupils

who

produce a poverty certificate

in

the prescribed Jorm,

signed by anyone

of

the following officers, viz · · · , · · ·

,

..

Gazetted officers ; . .

i · : ·

·.

Officers of the Revenue department not l o w ~ r · in rank than

al

Deputy Tah11,ildar;

District Labour Officers; and ·

Inspectors of Police.

'l'o

be

eligible for the concessions, the annual income

of.

the parent '

or guardian

of

the pupil should not exceed Rs.

820

'if he

is

studying

in an elementary school or secondary school and Rs.

1,120

if he is ·

studying in a college. . · · · '

V ~ · b ) .

EDUCATIONAL

FACILITIES PROVIDED. BY. THE

.

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT. · · '

1.

Full fee

c o n c e s s i o n s ~ U n d e r rule 92 of .the 1 I a d r ~ · E d ~ d a :

tiona Rules, no fee shall be levied . from girls belonging to

()ackward classes (including Harijans) in Form

ll

and below and

from Rarijan students in Arts and Professional Colleges subject.

to the condition that the annual income

of

the ·parent or.guardiant

of the pupil does not exceed Rs. 820 in secondary and elementary

schools and Rs. 1,120 in colleges and subject to

the

production

ot

\neome certificate prescribed in Appendix 18 of the Madras Ednca·

tional Rules. · · · · · ;· · ' · · ·

2.

Half fee

coucessions

. : Under rule 92 of t h e ; M a d r a ~ Ednca.:·

tional Rules, poor pupils belonging to the Scheduled Castes pay

in

all secondary schools only one half of . the fees levied . in .such

institutions subject to the conditions referred to. above under the

heading " full-fee concessions." The Government have under ,

c ~ m s i d e r a t i o n a.

proposal to grant such pupils full-fee concessions

tllrongbllut the secondary school course. No fees are collected from

Harijan pupils in elementary schools under- public management.

Income certificates required for

the

grant of the .

eou.ceesiori

tt::we

ordinarily

to

be signed by a. Gazetted Officer, an

Impecior

of

I .1

>

, _ : •


20/42

16

~ o l i c e or

o

N o ~ ~ G a z e t t e d

Officer of the Revenue Department

not lower

n

rank

than

a. Deputy Tahsildar or Sub-Magistrate.

.

Up.der rule 13,of the rules issued with G.O . No. 3239,

L.

:M., ·

dated 12th

u g u s ~

1932,

a.

District Board may, with

the

approval of.

the Director of Public Instruction, make regulations for tbe remia·

sion,

n

whole or

n

part, of school fees from poor pupils

n

secondary

schools

~ u b j e c t

to tbe condition

that

the· aruou.m of fees remitted

in any scn•.tol shall not exceed 10 per cent ol' the t"tal fees rea.lisahle

from all pupils of such .school. Similarly, a. municipal council may

remit, under the proviso to rule 51 (1) of Schedule IV of the Madras

District Municipalities Act,

the

whole or part of the fees from

poor pupils n secondary schools under 'its management up to the

limit of lU per cent of the total fees .realisable n each school:

In

addition

to

'these,' Adi-Dra.lidas. and Adi-Andhras are granted

scholarships and fee remissions under G.O .• No. 1038, Home

. Education), dated 28th August 1919.

" Some District Boards and Municipal Councils have passed

resolutions proposing to grant total exemption from payment

o

school fees, games .fees. library. fees, etc., or scholarships n the

case of· pupils variously described

in

the

resolutions as Harijans,

Adi-Dravidas, Adi-Andhras, Depressed Classes or untouchables.

The Government have no objection to the grant by District Boards

and Municipal Councils of concessions which go beyond those

contemplated under the existing orders and rules referred to above

provided

that

(1) they are allowed

in

the case of all pupils belong

ing·

to

the .Harijan communities specified in Appendix 17-A of

the

;Madras Educational Rules, (2)

a.

certificate of poverty

11

obtained in the case of each pupil as required n rule 92 of tho

Madras · Educational Rules, and

(3)

the ·additional expenditure

involved by the new concessions is borne entirely from the general

revenues of the local body concerned." G ~ O . No. 1779, L. M.,

dated

Jlth

April1934.)

The' Government observe

that

few local bodies are

now

E-npplying books and slates, free of cost,

to

poor pupils belouging

to· the scheduled castes reading

n

elementary schools under their

control. They desire

that

the concession should be allowed by all

Iooa.l

bodies to such pupil.

The

expenditure on this account may

be debited to the .Elementary Education

Fund

with the sanction

o f ~ Government.' The expenditure· is, however, subiect

to

the

following conditions · · '

, -ci. The boob .H.nd · slates should remain the property of

Government

and

should be

so

marked. .

: .

(2)

They should be. used by the pupils only during school

houra and should not be t&keu home.


21/42

17

, 1 (3) . h ~ previous sanction of Go¥ernment should be obta.uied

before incurring the expenditure." · (G.O. No. 195, Education and •

. Public Health, dated 28th January 1937.)

Preference is ordinarily given to Harijan students 'when' licholar·

ships are awarded by the Education Department.

'·

Vll. HOSTELS MAINTAINED .AND SUBSIDIZED BY 'l'H£

.I

, LABOUR

DEPARTMENT.

· :

. . .

· · ·, - ·:

· ,,

• • • • . I I

·

I ·-

The Labour Department is running

the

following hostels in the

Province where free boarding and lodging are given

.to

the Harijall

. students. Admissions to these hostels were formerly , .open' to

c o ~ v e r t s of the eligible ~ o m m u n i t i e s to other religions,:. b u ~ i9

G.O. No. 3950, Development, dated 19th October 1946,

the

Govern-

ment have ordered that,

in

future, admission. to all

G o v e r n m e n ~

hostels maintained by. the Labour Department .should be

r e s t r i c t e ~

tc the Hindu members of the eligible communities. . Applicatic·n

for admission to the hostel

at

Madras should be made

to

the o m ~

missioner of Labour. In

the

other c:tses, the application should

l)e

made to the· Collectors

of

the districts concerned:·· '

·'

·"

1

1

, . I ; : • _

.J,

,(a)

Slater

Hostel, Madras.-Tbis hostel

is

' n t ~ n d e d . fo1

ltarijau boys serving as apprentices or undergoing industrial train.

lng in the City of Madras. The sanctioned number of free boardera

in the hostel 30. Paying boarders may also be admitted .into

the hostel. · · · · ' · ' ' " ·

.

.... ,,(b) Sundaracharlu Hostel,

Salem.- rhis hostel.

js

·run,

fofr

Harijan boys studying

in.

.Salem Xown. ·,The sanctioned strength

of

the hostel is 36. · ·

· ··(c) Go etnment

Scheduled.

Classes ·Hostel, Calic.ut• .:-Thie

hostel is intended for Harijan boys studying in Calicut. ' Thel sane·

tioned strength of the hostel is SO. ' There are .also 5 payiugl

boarders in it. '

':

.

1

. . . I

I I ' . I . : •

(d) Go ernment

Scheduled

Classes Hostel, Masulipatam.

This hostel is intended for Harija.n beys studying in· Masulipatam

r

'.1:-'he

strength

o r

the hostel is 110. . . .

..

.

·.

:.. . . '

..

·

.

··

(e)

Go mtment•

Nandanar Hostels for

Boys

and.

for· Girls,

Cltidambaram.-These hostels are intended for Harija.n boys and

girls studying in C h i d a m b a r ~ There are

200

boys and 92 girls

in the hostels;. . . .. · . . · : · . • .cl

, . . . , : : , ,r 1

t

The Government pay. substantial grants .

every.

yeu · to.

t h e ~

following hostels for the maintenance of Harijan boys and..

i r l s ~


22/42

18 ,

mentioned. against each. Harijan pupils seeking: a d m i s s i o n ~ into

these hostels should apply

to the

management direct. · · :

I ,

..

Name

of

Boarding Home or Hostel. · . ·

(_ I• . .,

t

, • , I I I

4

,

f l ~

·· ',

Anantapur District. .

I. Boys• Hostel,· Ana.nta.pur. {Sri cKesav,

Vidya.niketan}. ' .·. . . .

1

· · · · · •

·

2. Boys' Hostel, Urav'akonda · · ·· ... - · · ' :: ·

, , ,, f i : .(.. . . . . · '·

••• ··,

• J •

1: ··

"'

·

·· North Arcot District,

3:

Vivekan:and.a.

1

Boa.rdi:D.g

·Hom ) (Harijan ·.

' · •

1

Hostel);'

Vellore. · · · · · · • ''

:

Ramdoss Hostel, Vellore · · ' • ·

....

1' , \

·'

)I:

f

. . . . ;_, ' .. . .

, • . · , . , . . .

Bellarg

District,

1

6 A d i A n d h r a . B o y s ~ oste

A I ~

·. :. ·,·.

6. Na.rasa.palli Chinna.ppa Hindu Boys'

1

• "· ··Home (Students Home), Bella.ry. . . ···•

• u ~ ~ . •\

•·•.\,

~ ; j ~ 0 : 0 : t.\

,

, .

, •

:

1. ·.·' " ; •. : · . ; '.· : Chinglepm District. :

7.

Hostel

attached

to.

the

Ka.na.ga.

sa.ba.pathi-

naga.r Harijan: Industrial School,"

,

Conjeeveram.

. ,

k;'Hostel attached to

the

Hindu Religious'

· : · ·

1

'School, Walaja.bad. ' · . . , 11 ·

.· ' ; .

:

• . ·' '. '· ChittoOr-

DistriCt.··

b.· Boys• Hostel, Tirupati

. . . Coimbatore District.

10. ·Hostel at Coimba.tore · ••

U.

Harija.n Hostol, Udumalpet;

..

·.'.

East Godavari

District.

I ~ .

:Ha.rija.n ·: Boys' i a.n,d 1 - G4'ls' : H9etel._ ·

.·.

Cocana..da

.... ; · . . . , '.. . . .

13. Sri Ma.hipathi .... Suryarao Adi-Andhra.

· · · Students' Home,

Ra.zole.

· ' · · ·

· 14. Adi-Andhra. Girls' Hostel, Ra.machandra.-

.

pur-am.

' f

·

.. 'r • · , . ' ' •

15,, Harijan, Boys' , Hostel, ;Ramacha.ndra.- ;

· p:uram. · ,

1

;

16. Sa.reh Hostel, Ra.ja.hmundry ••

1,1.'-Venka.mamba.

Harija.n

Hostel,

Amala..

·

1

1

.

pUra.m. . .

..

: ,. 1

f i · • , ; W

u l

GtHlavari. District.

18. Boys' Hostel, Na.rasa.pur

19. :Boys• o s ~ Tanuku

20. Boya' Hostel, Nidadavole · ·••

U,;

Gida' Hostel, Ellore ' · · · ••

:Number

of·

'

Boarding .

A m o u n ~ .

·

· e:ranta.

(2)

,28.

29

23

14

10

42

6

'·.,

52

. 1 ~

20

26

4:

12.

25

25

15

23

RS.

,4,2\}0

4,350

4,800

1

2,5so ·

'.

I

. I

3,450.

2,100'

'I l .

:

3,ooo:

1,500

·• 6300

,

goo·-

'7,800

. ~ . 4 0 0

1

3,000'

3 9 ~ ·

600'

1,800

.3,750

3,750

. 2,250

. 3,450:


23/42

19

Na.ms of Boarding Home or Hostel. ·

(l)

-

.

Guntur District.

22. Boys' Hostel, Guntur . • •

23. Sri Krishna.srama.m, Hostel, Guntur

24. Boys' Hostel Sa.ttena.pa.lle ••.

25. Boys' Hostel, Peda.na.ndipadu

.•

26. Boys' Hostel, Santanatha.la.pa.du

27. Boys' Hostel, Brahma.nakodur ·

28. Boys' Hostel, Guruzala. .•

29. Harijan Hostel, Koppa.ru .•

30. D.Cs. Hostel, Appika.tla. •• ·

31. Sri Lakshmi Bhaska.ra. Va.ni Niketanam

Scheduled Cla.sses Boa.rding Home for

Girls, Guntur.

32. Harija.n Girls' Hostel, Sra.dha.nanda.

Harijan Colony, Tena.li.

South

Kanara

District.

33. Hostels maintained by the D. C. Mission,

Ma.ngalore.

34. Boarding Home at Udipi

·

stna

District. ·

35. Boys' Hostel, Gudivada. · , ,

36. Boys' Hostel, Pedasanaga.llu •.

·, 37. Sri Anja.nadevi Girls' . Boarding

Home;

Bezwada..

38. St. Francis Adi-Andhra. Boarding ·Home,

lhsulipata.m. . . _

·Kurnool

D strict:

·

39. Boys• Hostel, Kurnool

·:•

M a d ~ r a District.:

4:0 .. Nandana.r Boarding Home, Periya.kula.m

(1. Sevala.ya. Hostel at

:ft a.dura.

· ; , · . ,

4:2. Bhara.ti Hostel, Dindigul • '

4:3. Ha.rija.n Hostel, Usila.mpatti • • . ••.

«. Meenakshi Hostel for Girls, Madura.

4 5. Hostel at Melur

4 6. Andav n

ostel

t

Palni

:

.,

.

- .

._

.

'

· ' '

J

alabar

District.

·

. 7. ·

Harijan

Balika Sa.da.n, Puthia.ra, · Ca.licut.

. . l

· · · ' · · ,Nellore

District,

. ·

4:8.'

Y.'M.C.A. Hostel, Induurpeta. ·, '

4:9. Yenadi Boys' Hostel, Nellore • , ' ••

50. Yenadi Girls• Hostel, Nellore ••

lSl.

Harijan Girls' Hostel, Nallore ••

62. Harijan Boys' Hostel, Nelloro ••

3

Number of

1

Boarding ' · Amount.

grants.

(2) (3)

11

23

16

24

12

20

21

10

15

14:

11

100

10

:56

26

58

15

14

'30

47•

30

31

21,

12

'15

.

. 26

13

5

'14

16

RS.

1,650".

- ~ 4 5 )

2,400',

. '3,600.

1,800

3,000·

/. 3150'

1:5oo.'

2,250:

2,100'

1,660

. .

:15,000

-1,500 •

I 1. ,t :

· s:400

3,900

'8,700

1

2,25Q_,

r

'

:

J 2,100

'

j L

.\) ,

;4,500.,

7,050'

4,500

4 6 5 0 ~

. 3,150

. 1,800

. 2,250

,·:

606

\ } . , ..

. 1 ..,

· 3,9oo:

1,9150

: . 750

2,100.

%40Q

I

,

.


24/42

20

N6111e or

Boarding:Home or Hostel.

( 1)

.

N

llor

District cont.

53. Nello\'e Orphanage Association Hostel

54. Boys' Hostel, Buchireddipalem

55.

Boys•

Hostel, Kandukur ••

56. Ha.rija.n Hostel, Vaka.du

. · amnad District.

67. Gandhi Ashram, Devakottai

• •

·

Salem District.

58. Hostel at Trichengodu •

59. H rijan Orphanage, Dharmapuri

60. Harija.n Hostel, Namakkal

•

Tinmvelly District.

6 ~

Harijan

Hostel, Shermadevi . • •

Trichinopoly District.

62. Hostel attached to the Agricultural

· Industrial School of the Servants of

India

Society, Mnyanur.

63. Hostel

at

Trichinopoly

64. Hostel

at

La.lgudi ••

65: Harija.n Hostel, Musiri

V zagapatam District.

66. Harija.n G i r l s ~ Hostel, Vizia.nagram · '

_ . Madras City.

67. Hostel attached to the Harijan Industrial

School, Kodamba.kkam.

· 68. Ashram attached

to

the

Gokala.m Cottage

, · · Industrial School, Triplicane.

69. Thiagarayanagar Boarding· Home, Thiga.

. . . rayanaga.r, Madras. ·

'10. 'Hostel attached to

the

Adi-Dravida

1

Samooha

Seva.ka.r

Sangham, ~ s h e r

manpet.

Number

or

Boarding Amount.

grants.

(2) (3)

BS.

11

1,6 10

30 4,500

10

1,500

24 3,600

38 5,700.

21

8

8

37

60

25

26

6

7

46

25

15

17

2

3,150

1,200

1,200.

5,550

9,000

3,750

3,900

900

1,050

6,900.

3,750

·2,250

2,550

300

1

Orphanage

of

the Madras Hindu Sevak

. Sangh, Madras.

, 'With a view to help poor Harijan students

who

seek admission

to

the hostels attached to Colleges and who are not

in

a position

to pay the initial deposit money themselves, the Government have,

jn

G.O. Ms. No. 2892, Development, dated 4th July 1947, autho

rised the Commissioner of Labour to grant a repayable advance of.

lhe amount equal to the initial hostel deposit fees· and recover it

when scholarship amounts are disbursed to the students through

the Principala

of

the Colleges concerned.

n the

same Government

Older; Collectors have been requested

to

take personal interest in


25/42

21

'

regard to the admission of Harijan students· into hostels and to.see

that, as far as possible,. no Harijan student who. seeks admission

into a hostel is denied such admission by the management.

Vm. BOARDING GRANTS.

·

The Commissioner of Labour· is empowered. to· sanction 446 ·

boarding grants to pupils of the eligible communities stu,dying :n.

standards IV to

Vill

in elementary schools and in. class IV to Form·

nr

in secondary schools and to pupils studying

in

Industrial

schools recognized by the Director of Industries and Commerce,·

Madras, and residing in any recognized boarding home

r·

hostel.

The grant is paid at the rate

of

Rs.

15

per mensem for 10 months·

in a y e r ~ · • · .. · · · · ·

In addition: to the· above, special boarding . grants are ·.also

sanctioned to pupils , of the eligible communities as .

e t a i l e d

below:- · · · · ·

Partioule.rtl.

20 Special· boarding grants

to

deserving pupils

of

the·

eligible communities who

are residents of Madras

City and studying n High

Schools in the City from

1 Forms IV

to

VI.

20 Special boarding grants

for College students

of

the

Government Depressed

Classes Hostel, Masulipa.

tam, towards their boa.rd· ·

ing

and lodging .charges n

the respective hostels.

15 boarding grants

to

Toda.

pupils in the N.ilgiris and

Tinnevelly districts.

54: boarding grants

to

the

pupils of the eligible com.

munities residing n

the

labour hotels

at

Ootaca-

mund

and

Hubba.thal&i.

9 boarding grants to Mala.-

yalee pupils n Salem

District.

Atmakur Boa.rding Home,

Kurnool.

Monthly

value. ·

:as.

15.

25

15

17

15

•

Period for

which , ·

tenable.

10 months.

Sanctioning

· Authori ty. .

. .

Commissioner of,

..

Labour

.

10 months, C 1 n ~ i ; ; ~ i o ~ e r of

Labour,

lO, months.

10 months.

Collectors of the

Nilgiris.

and

Tinnevelly.

Collector

of the

·

Nilgiris.

10 months. Collector ' of

Salem.

10 months.· President, Dis-

trict Board,

Kurnool

• A subsidy o Bs. 4,3 0 is given to the District o a r d ~ Xumooi. tor

he

mainteruwe

or

so pupil•

o

the

I J.isible

ltOIUDlunitie• n

th is

hoqae.


26/42

22

IX.·GRANTS

TO

PRIVATE AGENCIES

ENGAGED

IN

SOCIAL

"' AND

ECONOMIC ADVANCEMENT OF

THE HARIJANS .

..

The· 'Government have sanctioned recrirring

g r ~ t s

to privatE

institutions such as the D.C.. Mission, Mangalore, South Kanara

district;· Olcott .. Mission, Adyar, Chingleput district;

D.M.R.

Trust , Gopalapuram, ,Malabar district; Servants of India Society

g r i c u l t u r ~ l

School; :Mayanur. Trichinopoly · district; . Seither

Sevagapandiya. .

Board,

High School, Rajapalayam, Ramnad

district; Gokulam Method Village

W e l f a r ~

,Association, Madras,

e.tc.:, for,, work connected· ~ i t h · the educatimi and. a,meljorative

measures for the Harijans. · ,

.

1 , . . , .

The Commissioner of Labour is also empowered 'to make dis

cretionary grants for the following objects connected with the wel

fare -vrork for the eligible communities provided that no grants are

made for supplementing the grants paid by the Education

Department in respect of .elementary schools-

•

:·ca)

g r ~ n t s to assist societies, institutions

()r

individuals'

in

educating. members of the eligible co:r;nmunities or improving their

social and economic 'conditions ; . '

:

. .

(b) contributions for tlie

e n c o u r g e ~ e ~ t

:of athletic .associa

tions among members of the eligible communities and ~ h e provi-

sion of games requisites for them ; · ·

(c) contributions to newspapers, periodicals and other publi

cations .in.tended for and actually engaged in educating the eligibll\

communities; ·and · · · · · . , . .

(d) contributions to help members of the eligible com

munities who. are

in

distress on account of a fire, flood, cyclone,

epidemics or other similar sudden calamity. - · · '

A list of the grants made

in 1 9 4 ~ 7

is given

below:-

.

·

rant

for

Reading Rooms

. 1\ a.dras· Rational Society, Stanleynaga.r, Washerma.npet

· Arul Jothi llava.sa. Kalvi Ka.zagam, Kasimode, Madras ••.

M:uthu

Social and Literary Institute, Wa.shermanpet ••

Ga.nesapuram Progressive Youths Association, Vya.sar.

pa.dy. '

Ra.o

Sahib

V.

Dha.rmalinga.m Pilla.i Sangam . • • • •

Oriental Comrades Guild, Ka.lya.na · Maistri Gardens,

Parambur, Perambur Barracks. ·

Harijan National Sevak Sa.ngh, Rayapura.m

Kannappa

Na.ya.na.r

Kaza.ga.m

• • . ; .

Harija.n Welfare Committee, Natesa.nagar, Madras

Recreation Club, Flowers Road, Purasawalkam

Nanmai Naduvore Khazagam. Chinta.dripet

St.

ltaq a Union,

HaJ.l$

G ~ d e n

R o y a p e t t ~

BIJ•

96

76

6

65

65

65·

65

6

31

22

'

31


27/42

Grant

for Reading Room.s-:-cont.. . ·

.ll$.l,

Chunnambu

k a l a ~ ~ i ~ h e r i

Mylapore (Reading Room) ·

••

:

i ·

65::

Reading Room for the Madras ~ c h e d u l e d Castes Welfa.re.

:: J 31

Association, Mackay's Gardens, Royapetta.. . ·

' '

. . .

. .

. .

. Welfare Worlt

Gokulam Method :Village Welfare · Association, K ~ r a n a i · :

240

puducheri, Chingleput District. . · · · · · · : •

Welfare work in Chu.nnambukala.va.i cheri, Mylapore · . i ·

··-180·

. Welfare work in 6 centres by

Y.M.C.A

. '.. • • :, ... ;

.288.

Welfare work in Guru puram cheri . • · .• ; :

_120

• I

; . - l

·

Other Grants

. . .

Repairs to the. shed

of

the Gokulam Agriculturist Coloniza-

· 120.

tion Co-operative Society, Karanaipuducheri, Chingleput.

district. ; · . . · · ·: · ·

1

Construction of a well for the D.C.

Mission·

Girls' Boarding, 600'

Home, Mangalore. · · · · · :. '

Supply of books, periodicals and. construction

of

shed. for. 200

reading room

at .Maruda.m

village, Chingleput district. t .

1

Construction of a reading room for the Adi-Andhra Young 120

Men Association, Krishnampet, Madras. · · · · · • . . .

Half grant towards cost of a construction of an ·additional'

200

shed for the hostels of the Adi-Dravida Sevakar Sa.mooga. · · · · '

Sangam, Washermanpet; Madras. · • · ·

Grant for the Nehru Library, Chiluva.ru, Guntur . . ' • .- · 100.

Repairs to the Night School building of the Ka.lvi b i v i ~ · , 30

.Ma.na.var Kazaga.m Venkatesapuram, Vya.sarpady; _

. • : , .. . •


28/42

('

~ ~ e r group 0 s h ~ l l be e l i g i b ~ e for such an appointment. The ·age·

lim1t has been raised to

27 m

.the case of ministerial services till

31st December

1950.

· · . • · · ·

1

· ·

The ~ o v e m m ~ n t have directed

that

the age-limit prescribed in

the special rules

m

respect of the members of the Provincial and

Subordinate Services shall not apply-·

i}

.to the appointment of

a

candidate belonging to any

of

the scheduled ca.stes or the backward classes, to a post included

in

a service. for which the. special rules prescribe a qualification lower

~ b t t the degree of B.A. or B.Sc. of a University in the Province.

1f

such candidate possesses a general educational qualification which

is higher than

that

referred to

in

sub-rule

a)

of general rule

10

n ~ he

is .otherwise qualified for appointment or; .

• . · (ii) to the appointment

to

a post included in a service of a

candidate belongmg

to any

of

the

scheduled castes or backward

classes who holds a degree of a University in the province or any

other degree recognized as being equivalent to such a degree,

l'.. (1)

by the

commission in cases where

the

appointment has

to be made in consultation with it, and

1

·

(2) by

the

Provincial .Government or·

by

the appointing

authority with

the

approval. of

the

Provincial Government, in other

cases, . . .

if the

degree he holds is not lower than the degree, i f any,

prescribed in the· special rules for appointment to such post and

4

i

he is otherwise qualified for appointment,

or

·

(iii)

to

the

·

p p o i n t m e n ~

in special circu.m.stances to

be

recorded in writing of a person selected for appointment

to

one

service or a class or category thereof to another service or

a

class

or category thereof, the qualifications prescribed for appointment

to

which ·are identical with those prescribed for appointment to

the former service, class or category. .

\

:In G.O.

Ms. No.

903,

Public (Services), dated 21st March

1947,

t.he Government have directed

that

in filling posts in non-technical

subordi:rJ.ate services and pasts to which recruitment is admissible

by

transfer from the Madras Ministerial Service a.ild such recruit

ment is not made on a communal basis, preference should, as far

as possible, be given

to

Harijan members of the Madras Ministerial

Service working in the department concerned.

I :

•

;

XL PROVISION OF

HOUSE.SITES.

:·Private lands are acquired for the purpose of providing house

sites for

the

eligible communities wherever necessary for

the

pur

pose of

relieVing

congestion. The Government bear half the cost I

of .acquisition subject to maximum of Rs.

150

per aere for dry


29/42

land, Rs. 350 per acre for wet land and

Rs:

250 :Per acre for garden

land. They bear also the entire _cost of

the

portions set apart for

communal purposes

n

the area acquired, all legal and other inci·

dental charges· and .the amount of interest on enhanced com.pensa.tion

from the date of taking possession of the land to the date of d e p o s i t ~

ing

the

enhanced compensation n court n cases where referent&

ia

made to courts under section · s of the Land Acquisition Act. : Of

the balance,

the

applicants should deposit 25 per cent before aequi·

sition and should pay the remaining 75 per cent in a limited number

of annual instalments not exceeding

five

by way of .equated pay

ments covering principal and interest. Applications for acquisi·

tion of house-sites are to be made to

the

Collector of

the

district

through the District Labour Officer. The scheme applies only ·to

rural areas. The benefits of the scheme are available• lot landlesa

labourers of other commu.D:ities also. The question· of·. further

liberalising

the

conditions under which houae·sites .are being'·pro:.

vided to Harijans and other landless labourers is under considerati"n•

t • •

J

XII.

DRINKING-WATER WELLS,

PATHWAlS AND

OTHER

SANITARY

AMENITIES.

• . 1 , \ .

The Collectors of the districts are empowered to sanction non·

recurring expenditure

up

to a limit of Rs. 4 , ~ 0 0 in each case

ori.

miscellaneous measures connected with

the

welfare

o ~

the l arijane

such the construction of well , pathways, latrines, and r ising-

th., level of house-sites. ·The powers of

the

Labour C o m m . i s : ~ i o n e r ,

to

sanction expenditure on similar itema are Rs.' 7,500 in earb case

Applications for the above facilities .should be sent to the Collectors

of

the

d stricts.

XIII.

SPECIAL WORK IN

.MADRAS CITY.

(a.) Con truction of tenements. In the City of Madras, houses·

built by the assignees on the sites allotted

to

them were shabby and

~ o n s e q u e n t l y the Harija.n colonies, thougl;l formed on proper lay·

outs, presented an untidy appearance.

As

an experimental solutioll

of this problem, the o v ~ r n m e n t have laid out a colony in

the

Bris .

leenaga.r Settlement and constructed 68 huts with all sanitary ame .

nities in t at a cost of Rs. 70,000. The huts are let out on a monthlv

rent of Re.

1 8 0

per

hut

to

the

eligible communities.

The

cost

of

maintenance and repairs to these huts was intended to be met from

the rent collected, but the cost of such maintenance and repairs e x ~

ceeda the income derived from the rents on account of the temporary

nature of the construction. The

que11tion

of recon.structing theM

huts on a more substantial basis will be taken np n due course.. '

The Government have also o n s t r u t ~ d a· colony of 37

h o ~ s e s

with all sanitary amenitiPs at a cost of Rs. 77,000 in

R.S.

No.' 1847/lJ

4 l


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26

cf

T o n d i a . r p e t ~ .

These are pucca. houses and

will oe

let out to

the

: e l i g i b l e ~ o ~ u n i t i e s

on a rent of Rs. per house. · ·· . ·: ·· ·

: ; · _ , _ T ~

~ ~ l i ; ; e t h e · . ~ ~ f f e ; ~ g

.of

the-

e l i g i b l ~ · c o m ~ u n i ~ l e s :

a f i ~ c t ~ d

.by

.the mlll roubles in 1921, pucca. houses were built by. _the Labour

D e ~ t m e n t

.and given

to

the eligible communities in

Paddison:..

pwa.m -and..Ganesapuram in the Madras City. ·Half the

cost_

of

construction. was borne by the. Government. and the balance was

~ d y a . n c e d by the Government as a loan to be repaid in equal monthly

mstalments

.spread:

over 20 years ...

n

Paddisqnpuram, the occu

pa.nps:kept the houses in a bad ~ t a t e .of repairs and also failed to pay

:the

i:ustalments, the arrears .accumulating to .Rs. 33,640. The Gov

erD.IIient. have · thereforet written off, the arrears of Rs. 33,640,

r e s ~ e d the houses and let them out to .the eligible communities on

monthly rent of Re.l 8 0 per house. The· Government have

also undertaken to. repair the tenements at a

cost_

of Rs. 40,000.

Similar conditions exist

in.

Ganesapuram colony and the G o v e r n ~

ment have. therefore sanctioned

the

resumption of these tenements

and their letting out on small rentals

.to

the existing occupants

as was done

in

the case

of

Paddisonpuram: · · ·

_ b)

Flood

relie{ The

eligible .communities in the City of

Madras were seriously affected by the floods in October 1943 and

again

in

:pecember

_1946.

.The Personal Assistant to the Com

missioner of Labour toured the affected areas in which the eligible

communities ·Jived and arranged for food and temporary

a c c o m ~

modation for them. Hutting materials and clothing were also

~ u p p l i e q to thooe

~ f f e c t e d •.

· ·

XIV RESERVATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF LAND FOR

. , . CULTIVATION

, The old rules for the assignment of waste lands with their insis·

tence on the rights

of :first

applicants, adjoining landholders or those

who had actually brought land under cultivation, made it very

difficult for the Harijans-to obtain lands, even after the land·hunger

stirred in them. n 1918, the Government ordered that waste lands

in

every· ryotwari village in the presidency should be examined and

fair

proportion definitely reserved for assignment to them: The

lists of such lands when once drawn

up

and, approved can only be

modified under the orders of the Collector. . Condition varied much

in different districts and ·villages and although not infrequently,

through inadequate inepection by local officers, lands which required

too

much capital to develop or had· already been under -occupation

for -years were included

·in

the. lists ·and iii many areas, there was

good reason: to suspect village officers of seeking to defeat the objeet

of

the Government orders.


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27

· There can be

no

doubt that the scheme made possible' the'

assig:d

ment of very considerable areas of land to the Harijans

t h r o u g h o u ~

the Province, thus affording them something

to

fall back upon when

labour was scarce or wages unduly

low.·

Further_, when large blocks

of land such as unreserved forests, una >sessed wastes and lands

hitherto unnecessarily retained as ·porambokes (public lands) were

transferred to the head of assessed land with a view to assignment

for cultivation, a substantial share was nearly

a l w a y ~

reserved for

the Harijans.

In

most districts, the missionary organization•

have, on the whole, rendered valuable assistance to Collectors n

seeing that land which was intended for the Harijans came into

their possession. All land cultivable as wet is now classed as valu·

able land and is no longer assigned free, but when sold to Harija.ns.

the payment is spread over a term of years, extending even upto

ten years and instead of having to fight for the land

n

auction, they

are offered it at a fair market price

fixed

by the Collector.· Further

where much reclamation is required, a Harijan assignee is exempted

from payment of the assessment for seven years, provided he brings

at least, one.fifth of the area newly under cultivation, each year.

In

addition, land not specially reserved for Harijans is also being

assigned to them under the ordinary rules, but subject to the con·

cessions mentioned. above. Special Harijan · colonies ·have. been

formed at Divi (Kistna district}, Perundurai (Erode taluk, Coim

batore district) and (N ayadi ·colony), Olavakot (Malabat: district)

and lands have been assigned to the eolonists for

Harijan Uplift in Madras Government Measures Explained

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