Halliday, et al. (fNIRS 2014) fNIRS in Rural Gambia ...Montreal.pdf• To establish functional near...

D. Halliday 1 , S. Lloyd-Fox 2 , K. Begus 2 , P. Vellekoop 3,4 , H. Maris 2 , M. Papademetriou 1 , N. Everdell 1 , M. K. Darboe 3 , A. M. Prentice 3,4 , S. E. Moore 3,4 , C. E. Elwell 1 fNIRS in Rural Gambia: Studies of Cognitive Function from Birth to 24 Months of Age 1 Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, UK; 2 Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, UK; 3 MRC International Nutrition Group, Keneba Field Station, The Gambia; 4 MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK Aims • To establish functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a low cost, non invasive brain imaging tool for assessing neurocognitive function in infants from birth in resource poor settings. • To provide early biomarkers of cognitive development to inform and evaluate nutritional intervention strategies. • To supplement current assessment methods with a direct measure of cognitive functioning, unbiased to cultural background. Lloyd-Fox, S., Papademetriou, M., Darboe, M. K., Everdell, N. L., eeePrentice, A. M., Moore, S. E., & Elwell, C. E. (2014). eeeFunctional near infrared s pec tros c opy (fNIRS) to assess eeecognitive func tion in infants in rural Afric a. N ature Scientific eeeReport, 4:4740, DOI: 10.1038/ srep04740 www.globalfnirs.org Brain Imaging for Global Health More Information Email : info@globalfnirs. org Twitter: @globalfnirs Study Protocol A total of 99 infants were studied between birth and 24 months of age. Infants wore an fNIRS source detector array over the right hemisphere. Newborn infants were presented with social and non-social auditory stimuli whilst sleeping. All other age groups were presented with social and non social visual stimuli in addition to the auditory stimuli. Additionally, infants 6 months and older underwent behavioural assessment using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL). An assessment of the implementation of MSEL was performed to control for cultural bias. Conclusions • fNIRS can be used to measure neurocognitive function in infants from birth to 24 months of age in a resource poor setting. • Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies revealed distinct regions of the posterior superior temporal and inferior frontal cortex activated by either visual or auditory social stimuli. • fNIRS may be used to elucidate typical and atypical brain development from birth and hence investigate the effects of nutritional insults and interventions in global health studies. 0-2 months 4-8 months* 12-16 months 18-24 months Results INFANTS WERE SLEEPING * When the same aged UK infants were studied, similar patterns of selective cortical activation were seen Faltering head growt h is apparent by 12 months of age i n rura l Gam bia n infa nts. Associated neurocog nitive ramifications are poorly understood. Standar dise d a sse ssme nt measures are designed and normed on Western population, and are biased as such. Anthropom etric measurement s are commonly use d to tra ck physi cal devel opm ent; indice s from which indicators of nutritional status can be derived. Brain regions showing significant cortical activation: NON-SOCIAL > SILENCE SOCIAL and NON –SOCIAL > SILENCE SOCIAL > NON –SOCIAL Rationale US norm Cognitive t-score Age

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Transcript of Halliday, et al. (fNIRS 2014) fNIRS in Rural Gambia ...Montreal.pdf• To establish functional near...

Page 1: Halliday, et al. (fNIRS 2014) fNIRS in Rural Gambia ...Montreal.pdf• To establish functional near infrared spectroscopy ( fNIRS) as a low cost, non invasive brain imaging tool for

D. Halliday1, S. Lloyd-Fox2, K. Begus2, P. Vellekoop3,4, H. Maris2, M. Papademetriou1, N. Everdell1, M. K. Darboe3, A. M. Prentice3,4, S. E. Moore3,4, C. E. Elwell1

fNIRS in Rural Gambia: Studies of Cognitive Function from Birth to 24 Months of Age

1Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, UK; 2Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, UK; 3MRC International Nutrition Group, Keneba Field

Station, The Gambia; 4MRC International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK

Aims• To establish functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as alow

cost, non invasive brain imaging toolforassessing neurocognitivefunction in infants frombirthin resource poor settings.

• To provide earlybiomarkers of cognitive development toinformandevaluate nutritional intervention strategies.

• To supplement current assessment methods with adirectmeasureofcognitive functioning, unbiased tocultural background.

Lloyd-Fox, S.,Papademetriou, M., Darboe, M. K.,Everdell, N.L.,eeePrentice, A.M., Moore, S.E.,&Elwell, C. E.(2014).eeeFunctional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess eeecognitive function ininfants inrural Africa. Nature ScientificeeeReport, 4:4740, DOI: 10.1038/srep04740

www.globalfnirs.org

Brain Imaging for Global Health

More InformationEmail: [email protected]

Twitter: @globalfnirs

StudyProtocolAtotalof 99infantswerestudied between birth and 24months of age.InfantsworeanfNIRS sourcedetectorarrayovertherighthemisphere.Newborninfantswerepresented with social and non-social auditory stimuliwhilst sleeping. Allother agegroups werepresented with social and non social visual stimuli in addition totheauditory stimuli. Additionally, infants 6months and older underwent behaviouralassessment using theMullen Scales ofEarly Learning (MSEL). An assessment oftheimplementation ofMSELwas performed to control forcultural bias.

Conclusions• fNIRS can be used tomeasure neurocognitive function ininfants frombirth to24

months ofageina resource poor setting.• Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies revealed distinct regions ofthe posterior

superior temporal and inferior frontal cortexactivated byeither visual or auditorysocial stimuli.

• fNIRS maybe used toelucidate typical and atypical brain development frombirthand hence investigate the effectsofnutritional insults and interventions inglobalhealth studies.

0-2months 4-8months* 12-16months 18-24monthsResults

INFANTSWERESLEEPING

*When thesame agedUKinfants werestudied, similar patterns of selective cortical activationwereseen

Faltering head growt h is apparent by 12months of age in rura l Gam bian infants.Associated neurocognitive ramificationsare poorly understood.

Standar dised assessment measures are designed andnormed on Western population, and are biased as such.

Anthropom etric measurement s are commonlyused to tra ck physi cal developm ent; indicesfrom whi ch indicat ors of nutritional status canbe derived.

Brainregionsshowingsignificantcorticalactivation:

NON-SOCIAL >SILENCESOCIALandNON–SOCIAL>SILENCE

SOCIAL>NON–SOCIAL

Rationale

USnorm

Cog