Halgin6e ppt ch02
-
Upload
tromblcm -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
138 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Halgin6e ppt ch02
Richard P. Halgin
Susan Krauss Whitbourne
University of Massachusetts at Amherst
slides by Travis Langley
Henderson State University
Abnormal Psychology
Clinical Perspectives on Psychological Disorders 5e
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter 1
Classification and Treatment Plans
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
The Client: The person seeking psychological services.
Prevalence of Psychological
Disorders: 1 in 5 people
during 2007
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Clinical Psychologists (PhD or PsyD)
The Clinician:
Mental health professional. There are many types taking many approaches.
The Clinician:
Mental health professional. There are many types taking many approaches.
Psychiatrists (MD)
An important distinction between psychiatrists and psychologists is that psychiatrists are licensed to administer medical treatment and prescribe medications, and psychologists are not.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
The DSM-IV The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
published by the American Psychiatric Association
The DSM-IV (the fourth edition) or DSM-IV-TR (fourth edition, text revision) contains descriptions of all psychological disorders, alternatively referred to as mental disorders.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
The DSM-IV The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Concerns in Developing the DSM-IV:
Reliability Validity Base Rates Social Context
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
The DSM-IV The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
1952 DSM (a.k.a. DSM-I)
1968 DSM-II (based on ICD)
1980 DSM-III
(more quantitative, objective)
1987 DSM-III-R
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
The DSM-IV The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
1952 DSM (a.k.a. DSM-I)
1968 DSM-II (based on ICD)
1980 DSM-III
(more quantitative, objective)
1987 DSM-III-R1994 DSM-IV
2000 DSM-IV-TR
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Mental Disorder
Clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern
Distress or disability Significant risk
Not accepted, culturally sanctioned response to a particular event
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Classification system based on medical model
Descriptive rather than explanatory
Atheoretical orientation Categorical approach Multiaxial system
Assumptions of the DSM-IV
Neurosis
Term referring to behavior that involves distressing, unacceptable symptoms that are enduring and lack any physical basis.
Not a modern diagnostic term.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Psychosis
Term referring to various forms of behavior involving a loss of contact with reality, such as delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations (false perceptions).
Although not a formal diagnostic category, psychotic is retained in the DSM-IV-TR as a descriptive term.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
The Five Axes of the DSM-IV
Axis I: Clinical Disorders Axis II: Personality Disorders and Mental
Retardation Axis III: General Medical Conditions Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental
Problems Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning
(helps assess prognosis)
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
The Diagnostic Process
The Client’s Reported and Observable Symptoms
Diagnostic Criteria and Differential Diagnosis
Final Diagnosis Case Formulation Cultural
Formulation
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
decision tree:
A series of simple yes/no questions in the DSM-IV-TR about a client’s symptoms that lead to a possible diagnosis.
decision tree:
A series of simple yes/no questions in the DSM-IV-TR about a client’s symptoms that lead to a possible diagnosis.
differential diagnosis:
Ruling out all possible alternative diagnoses.
differential diagnosis:
Ruling out all possible alternative diagnoses.
Cultural Formulation
culture-bound syndromes:
particular patterns of behavior in certain cultures, perhaps reflecting cultural themes that date back for centuries.
Example: “Ghost sickness” is a preoccupation with death and the deceased that is reported by members of Native American tribes.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Establish Treatment Goals Immediate Goals Short-Term Goals Long-Term Goals
Planning Treatment
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Planning Treatment
Determine Treatment Site Psychiatric Hospitals Outpatient Treatment Halfway Houses and
Day Treatment Programs Guidance Counselors Employee Assistance Program
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Treatment Modality
Individual Psychotherapy Family Therapy Group Therapy Milieu Therapy
Evidence-based practice
Clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research evidence and clinical expertise in the context of the client’s . . .
cultural background preferences characteristics
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Treatment Implementation
The Course of Treatment The Clinician’s Role The Client’s Role
The Outcome of Treatment
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
http:/www.mhhe.com/halgin6e
For more information on material covered in this chapter, visit our Web site: