H ₁N₁ What you Need to Know Q & A Session Ozark’s Technical Community College Michelle Howard,...
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Transcript of H ₁N₁ What you Need to Know Q & A Session Ozark’s Technical Community College Michelle Howard,...
H₁N₁
What you Need to Know
Q & A Session
Ozark’s Technical Community College
Michelle Howard, RN, BSN
Don’t Let the swine flu myths get out of hand!
What is H₁N₁?
History: Identified in 1930 after research from 1918 Flu
Pandemic Isolated virus from pigs and humans and labeled
H₁N₁ Originally called the “swine flu”
Determined to be a sub-unit-- “1st cousin” to Seasonal Flu (H₃N₂)
2009 H₁N₁
Now termed “Novel Flu” Spreading worldwide
Different than seasonal flu No antibodies/immunity
Very unpredictable Suspected that it could be worse than years past
CDC preparing for massive flu outbreak Seasonal flu (H3N2) and novel flu (H1N1)
How Does it Spread?
Still under investigation as new cases present
Available data suggests the following: Person-to-person contact via:
Droplet -“airborne” transmission Coughing, sneezing
Contaminated surfaces Virus lands on surface and then transported to eyes or
mouth
When do Symptoms Begin?
Incubation period is 1-7 days From exposure to onset of symptoms is typically
1-4 days
The Problem: Infected person can spread 1 day before and 7 days after getting sick
What are the Symptoms?
Range May be Mild to Severe Fever
Some cases may NOT have fever Cough Sore throat Runny/stuffy nose Body aches Headache Chills Fatigue Vomiting and/or diarrhea
Who is at Risk?
All ages are at risk However like the 1918 Flu Pandemic, H₁N₁
seems to affect the following: More younger populations
Highest risk 6 months- 24 years old
Those 65 years and older At least risk Cases of proven immunity
What are the Complications?
Complications include: Exacerbation of any underlying chronic
conditions Respiratory (asthma, bronchioloitis, pneumonia
& croup) Cardiac (myocarditis & pericarditis) Musculoskeletal (myositis & rhabdomyolysis) Neurological (encephalopathy, febrile seizures,
& status epilepticus) Sepsis
Who is at highest risk for complications?
Although more of the younger population may get the illness, there are several groups identified as high risk for severe complications: Children less than 5 years of age
Especially those less than 2 years old Elderly older than 65 years of age Persons with chronic conditions Pregnant women Immunosuppressed individuals
How is H₁N₁ Tested?
If your PCP suspects novel influenza Nasal swab or aspirate for Influenza A
Some clinicians may defer testing CDC states “Not all people with suspected novel
flu need to have confirmed diagnosis.”Positive novel flu in communityIllness is mild
How is H₁N₁ Treated?
Treatment is based on severity of symptoms Per CDC guidelines: Not all positive cases are
treated High-risk groups or serious ill
Most cases of H₁N₁ are NOT treated Less risk of side effects from antivirals Less chance of antiviral resistance
How is H₁N₁ Treated?
Antivirals are available Help lessen symptoms Prevent serious complications Include the following:
Tamiflu (oseltamivir) Relenza (zanamivir)
Antibiotics PCP suspects you have a bacterial infection
What about Prevention?
CDC recommends: Personal responsibility Vaccination
How can I fight against H₁N₁ ?
Take Action and Be Responsible! Cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze
Use a tissue or your sleeve
Wash Your hands with soap and water or use alcohol-based hand sanitizer
Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth Avoid close contact with sick people Stay home if you are ill
CDC recommends you stay home for 24 hours after you are fever free with no medications
Use Your Sleeve When you Sneeze!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXXgRvdq7fg.
How can I fight against H₁N₁ ?
Get the H₁N₁ Vaccine A new 2009 vaccine
Different than “Seasonal Flu” vaccine Provides protection from H₁N₁ Recommended for the following:
Anyone 6 months-24 years old Anyone 25-64 years old who are at the highest risk for
complications Pregnant women Those in contact with young children All healthcare professionals
H₁N₁ Vaccine
This target group makes up 159 million people in U.S. Will NOT protect against “seasonal flu”
Will need additional vaccine Manufactured the same as “seasonal flu” vaccine
As safe and effective Inactivated vaccine or intranasal dose
Injection form recommended for adults > 10 years
H₁N₁ Vaccine
Injectable H₁N₁ may be given at the same time as other vaccines including seasonal flu
Simultaneous dosing of intranasal flu is NOT recommended with seasonal flu administration
Dosing: One dose if 10 years and older Two doses for 6 month-
9 years(1 month apart)
H₁N₁ Vaccine
Contraindicated for: Anyone who has an allergy to eggs Anyone with severe allergic reactions to the flu
or any vaccine in the past Anyone with a fever
Notify the person giving the vaccine if: You have ever had Guillain Barré Syndrome Have had a fever in last 24 hours
H₁N₁ Vaccine
Reactions All vaccines pose a risk of reaction Mild:
Redness, soreness swelling at injection site Headache Low-grade fever
Severe Allergic reaction
The 1976 H₁N₁ Vaccine was linked to Guillain Barré Syndrome. Since then, there has not been a clear link.
Reactions All vaccines pose a risk of reaction Mild:
Redness, soreness swelling at injection site Headache Low-grade fever
Severe Allergic reaction
The 1976 H₁N₁ Vaccine was linked to Guillain Barré Syndrome. Since then, there has not been a clear link.
What is OTC doing to help?
OTC is on the frontlines for
our community Concerned for the safety of our
students Campus-wide vaccination campaign
initiated For students Faculty, staff and their immediate family
What is OTC doing to help?
Vaccination Day is coming Stay tuned:
OTC website Blackboard Email announcement Flyers
Let’s see what you know about
H₁N₁!
True or False?
The H1N1 Vaccine can give you the
‘Swine” flu….
FALSE
True or False?
The “Stomach Flu” and
influenza(H₁N₁) are the same virus….
FALSE
True or False?
The influenza virus is constantly changing, which requires a new vaccine to be created
every year…..
TRUE
True or False?
Handwashing is the BEST method for decreasing the
transmission of the swine flu…
TRUE
True or False?
If I get a “seasonal flu” vaccine, I will
not need to get the H1N1 vaccine….
FALSE