gujarat university 8th Semester chemical engineering Nano Catalysis in Petrochemicals & Refining...

8/7/2019 gujarat university 8th Semester chemical engineering Nano Catalysis in Petrochemicals & Refining Industries

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Application of Nano Catalysis inPetrochemicals & Refining Industries

Dr. Anand HalgeriResearch Centre

Reliance Industries Limited

Vadodara 391 346

Workshop on

SURFACE SCIENCE ANDNANOTECHNOLOGY : NEW CHALLENGES

AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACADEMIAAND INDUSTRIES

at Dharmsinh Desai University

NADIAD

Saturday, March 1, 2008

A salute to the array of characterization tools


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Nanotechnology Application areas

Energy conversion and storage

Pharmaceuticals and diagnostics

Catalysis

SeparationsHigh-performance materials

Coatings

Electronics

Sensors

Promise in diverse fields

Nano tubes reinforcement & conductivityNano catalysts Enhanced productivityNano materials/devices Clean EnvironmentNano composites Niche products


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Nanoscale Effects in Catalysis

Modification of electronic structure

Interaction of different structure surfaces

Spill-over effects/other support interactions

Variation in fluid phase transport properties

Nano Particle size effect : Potential to increase

efficiency from, say, 60%to 90%

Size-Shape/Geometry- Quantum effects

Ability to manipulate interactions at atomic level


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Nanocatalysts - Size-Shape

130 nm Pt/CeO2 catalyst Fresh & 10 min after reaction

H2/O2 reaction at 1000 KChange in particle size & shape

[S. Johansson,et.al J. Vac.Sci. Tech. A 17 (1999) 297.]


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Nano materials - Economic impact

Nanomaterials by chemical industry - 1Bill. by 2007(for Top 50 chemical processes) - 35 Bill. by 2020

http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/nanotechnology.html


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Nano materials - Potential cost savings

http://www.chemicalvision2020.org/nanotechnology.html


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Nano materials Potential cost savingsby Industry


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NANOMATERIALS: The Challenges

Synthesis of diverse, high quality nanomaterial

building blocks (less than 100 nanometers)

Well- characterized chemical composition

Well-defined microstructure & stable architecturesEconomically viable manufacturing processes , Reproducible &

cost-effective

Predicted properties/ Structure-Property correlations

Clearly defined methods of assembly of nanomaterials intosystems and devices

Designs to perform specified functions

Evolving Nanostructures that deliver


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Nano catalysts The Features

35 times more enhanced catalytic

surface properties

Increased resistance to

de-activation over bulkcrystalline catalysts

< 1 gm/m3 Catalyst Of the

reactor volume yields 3 fold

product per m3

Projected global market for

Nano catalysts - $5bn by 2009

Small & uniform in size

Nanoproducts Corporation

USP-6652967- Dec.2003 ;www.nanoproducts.com


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Potential applications

Chemicals & Pharmaceutical manufacturing

Fuel cells

Automobile catalytic converters

Coatings

Environmental control

Petroleum refining

Regeneration of used catalysts

Nx Cat- Next Generation catalyst

HEADWATERS- Nanokinetix


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Nanocatalysts - Design & Fabrication

Supported metal catalyst

Headwaters - Nanokinetix

Nanoproducts Inc.

Catalytic Converters

Catalytic Solutions of Oxnard,

Nanostellar of Menlo Park and

Quantumsphere of Costa Mesa

Laboratory-Industry Transformation


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Headwaters - Nanokinetix

Design of catalysts for tomorrow!

Design of catalysts based on Nanochemistry / Nanotechnology


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Headwaters-DeGussa Process

Direct synthesis of H2O2 from H2 & O2 using nanocatalyst

Proprietary nanocatalyst- NxCat TM-Precious metalbased ( Pd alloy)

Degussa & Headwaters joint development Successful at pilot scale. Demonstration plant under

construction

Process by 2007 & plant 2008

Pilot plant at Hanau- Wolfgang

H2O2- Eco friendly oxidizing agent Manufacture of Propylene oxide, caprolactum &

phenol

Direct application of Nanocatalysis


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DSHP catalyst- Features

Critical particle size 2 Vs 4 nm

Activation specific to H2 & O2

Controlled particle size,

Bimetallic nano particle of specificcomposition

Effective dispersion

Unique surface structure

Effective anchoring of nano

particles

Expose specific crystal face-110



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Pd Nanoparticles supported on Carbon Nx CatTecchnology- Dr.Bing Zhou

Design of Nanocatalysts



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Nx Cat- Specific surface structure


Specific array of surface metal atoms

Facile & favourable adsorption of reactants Hydrogen-Dissociative Oxygen- Associative Facile desorption of product


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Nx Cat - Coal Combustion catalyst withNOx reduction

NxCat Catalyst Features

Highly dispersed low metalloading

2 nm iron based particles

Thin nanofilm coating

40% NOx reduction vscompetitors 0%


3 nm


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Nx Cat - Naphtha Reforming catalyst


1-2 nm bimetallic particlesSpecial hexagonal

nanostructure- Significant increase in

aromatics

selectivityAnchored particles No agglomeration/sintering- Deactivation reduced- Improved regeneration

toleranceHigher Gasoline octane

number-94 versus industry leader 79


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Nx Cat-

Additive for existing ebullatedbed

units or used as stand-alonecatalyst.Performs well on all crude oilsIncreases asphaltene conversionand reactor on stream timeReduces sediment, fouling, andcatalyst agglomeration

Higher throughput & conversionwith low cost heavy oilUp to $150k/day net added valuefor 50k BPD refiner

(HC)3 Heavy Oil Hydrocracking Catalyst(HC)3 Heavy Oil Hydrocracking Catalyst

HEADWATERS- Nanokinetix-HTI-ARCI


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Process technologies for PO

Dow Chemical & BASF PO plant in Antwerp,

Belgium - based on anthraquinone-route peroxide

supplied by Solvay.

Degussa & Headwaters new technology will yield

peroxide at a lower cost.

Degussa & Uhde to develop HPPO process,

peroxide-based propylene oxide process.


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Nano Gold- New Catalyst in the horizon

Gold- chemically inert, no reactivity with oxygen

Gold nano particles of 2-5 nm dia are active oxidatiou catalysts

Anchoring of gold onto support & stabilzing nano-structure is

crucial Raft like morphology is essential for nano structure stability

A bilayer surface strcuture, 45 times more active than bulk gold

is formed

Active for CO Oxidn, PO fuel cell catalysts, selective oxidationof olefins

Stability of the bilayer is the key issue

Synthesis of catalysts with tunable selectivity


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Nanocatalysis - R&D Road map

Synthesis methodsFunctional understanding

Structure-Property relationships

Characterization tools

Design of nanocatalystsManufacturing & Processing

Modeling &Simulation

Environmental Safety & Health

Chemical Industry R&D Roadmap for Nanomaterials by Design

Chemical Industry Vision2020 Technology Partnership

www.C

hemicalVision2020.org


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Thank you!

gujarat university 8th Semester chemical engineering Nano Catalysis in Petrochemicals & Refining...

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