Sea Water Air ConditioningUsing deep sea water for ecological and affordable cooling solutionsDeprofundis A new solution for middle sized structuresBaptiste Bassot Presentation to Green Mondays 27/10/2008

Cold generation 101Necessary for Modern Society Processes Confort How do we produce cold? Force the opposite of a natural phenomenon High costs Energy intensive Gas

A sucessful approach: SWAC systems

Curaao, Netherlands Antilles, Evelop Crp: 90% electricity and CO2 emissions saved

In Toronto, Lake Ontario waters cooling 51 high-rise buildings, using 10% of conventional systems energy

Still in infancy, yet showing potential: OTEC systemsOcean Thermal Energy Conversion

The opposite of a conventional a/c system! Like all geothermal energy sources

Back to SWAC: Energy gainsCooling power 500 Cooling Power (kWce) 400 300 200 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Water flow (m/s) 160 180Energy saved Water arrival temperature

25 20 15 10 5 0 200 Temperature (C)

The cavitation problemP Liquid water Boil Ice Cavitation Steam

T

Cavitation in water phase diagram

Cavitation damages on a pump

Cavitation and suction limit speedMaximum speed in suction 1,8Maximum circulation speed (m/s)

1,6 1,4 1,2 1,0 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,0 0,0

Max speed in suction

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

Pipe outside diameter (m)

Energy balanceEnergy balance 500 400 Power (kW) 300 200 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Water flow (m/h) 140 160 180 200P1 : Maximum succion point Total pumping energy Energy saved Balance P2 : Energy optimal point

Our solution

Classical SWAC system

Deprofundis closed loop

Final energy balanceEnergy balance : classical system and closed loop500 400 Power (kW) 300 200 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Water flow (m/h) 140 160 180 200P1 : Maximum succion point Balance (open loop) Balance (closed loop) P3 : Closed loop optimal point P2 : Energy optimal point

Immersed heat exchanger Geometry

Massively parallel

Size

6 modules 3m x 3m x3m (400 Kg) each

Environmental topics Radius of 5 km of a depth of 600m (in tropical waters) Material used (PEHD used for pipes, titanium for heat exchanger): no exchange with the environment for decades. Able to be re-used indefinitely + recycled

Advantages Thin pipes Available in rolls Easy to handle Easy to deploy Suitable for remote Closed loop Control on the circulating water No end-pipe filter No risk of aspirating sea material Easy maintenance

locations

A special offer

location (distance and relief) options (PV / wind solutions for the pump) electricity costs subventions

ROI 5 years in average, for a solution least 20 years. Parameters of a characteristic site for the study: Intake depth : 800m (5C) - output water 14C Pipe of 2150 m in PEHD : diameter 150-123mm

Open Topics for Q&A: Tap into different energy sources Cold generation Sea Water energy systems Energy ventures Interesting? Interested? Sleepy/Hungry? Thank you for your attention