GRANT PROPOSAL and business etiquettes

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How to Write a Successful Grant Proposal

Common Mistakes in Grant Application

1. Problems in presentation2. Scientific flaws

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Common Mistakes in Grant Application

1. Problems in presentation:

• Poorly organized• Language errors and incorrect formatting• Clarity problems

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Problems in Presentation

Problem: Poorly organized Solutions:• Think logically• Outline the whole proposal clearly before

write• Explain science clearly (don’t assume

reviewers know everything)

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Problem: Language errors and clarity problemsSolutions:-- Use concise and clear language-- Read at least 3 times before submitting

(don’t rely solely on computer spelling and grammar check)

-- Ask somebody with good writing skills to check English

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Problem: Incorrect formatSolutions:• The height of the letter: not smaller than

Arial-10 or Times New Roman-12 point• Vertical density: no more than 6 lines of type

within a vertical inch• Margins: at least 0.5 inch (suggest: 0.75)

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Scientific Flaws

1. GeneralSelecting projectDeveloping hypothesis Setting the research objective

2. Abstract3. Specific aims4. Background and significance5. Preliminary data6. Research design and methods7. References

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Scientific Flaws in General

Write a proposal in two weeks? Never do it!Solution:1. Plan to write your grant as early as possible2. Never submit your application if it is not your

best effort--One application can be revised only 2

times--A failure will produce a bad record--Revision will take at least 6 months

3. Leave enough time for modification

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Selecting Project

Ideal Project: • Important and needed• Novel• Not too much controversy • You have a strong background • Large room for new methodology• You have plenty of preliminary data• Easy to establish a collaboration team

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Selecting Project Common Mistakes “I like this issue”

Should be based on significance, not on your interest

“Although this is not new, I have been doing this for years”Innovation is critical

“Although it is controversial, I can resolve it”Should avoid too much controversy

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Hypothesis

Where is the place to describe hypothesis?

1. Abstract (1 sentence)2. Specific Aims (a few sentences)3. Experimental Design (in detail)

Key: keep consistency

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Research Objective

What is the objective of a project

• It is not long-term goal, but is the a step toward the long-term goal

• It defines the purpose of the proposed research• It should be phrased in such a way that the

central hypothesis clearly grows out of it

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Abstract

How to do it?• Clearly state your long-term goal• Review the background of this area and unsolved

problems• Clearly state your objective(s) of this project and

why you select this objective• Summarize your specific aims and anticipated

results• State the significance of this project

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Specific Aims: How To Do It?

Linkage is the keyParagraph 1. Introduction

-- Opening statement-- What are known-- What are unknowns (gaps)-- Frame the problem which is most important

Paragraph 2. Goal, objective and hypothesis paragraph-- Long-term goal-- Objective of this project-- Hypothesis (sometimes how developed)

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Specific Aims: How To Do It?

Paragraph 3. Individual aims-- Concise and clear words-- Cover the experimental designs and methods-- Don’t overstate them-- Should not contain comments

Paragraph 4. Significance-- How innovative -- Expected results-- Impact

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Background and Significance

Problems:-- Too broad and not focused, Solution: only review the related materials-- Never frame the problem. Solution: clearly state what the problem is -- Too many referencesSolution: cite only critical papers-- Ignore the critical or new reportsSolution: cite newest and influential references

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Preliminary Studies

PurposeTo demonstrate 1) your hypothesis is correct2) you have the ability, methodology and

equipment to do it

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Preliminary Studies

Problem 1: Not enough dataSolution: 1) Wait for next cycle

2) Apply for smaller grantsProblem 2: Data are not solidSolution: Don’t use them. Problem 3. Showing to much data Solution: Select best data to show. Focus on the

goals; 1 or 2 figures or tables for each aim

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Research Design and Methods

Common Mistakes:• Too ambitious• Descriptive • No anticipated results• No alternative plan• Inappropriate methods

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Problem 1: Too ambitiousSolutions: 1) Calculate the work amount2) Focus on one critical issue

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Problem 2: DescriptiveSolutions: 1) Select one important issue2) Study the underlying mechanism3) Delineate the issue completely

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Problem 3: No anticipated resultsSolutions: • Describe what results you expect to get• State the weakness of the design and methods• List potential problems and Anticipated difficulties• Predict the impact on the whole project

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Problem 4: No alternative planSolutions: Design solid backup planHow to do it:

-- Only for critical issues-- Clearly explain your alternative studies-- Use reliable and predictable design-- Don’t use risky procedures

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References

Problem 1: Too many referencesSolutions: Select related, new, and influential papers

to cite. Reference number should not over 100 for application

Problem 2: Incorrect referencesSolutions: Search the whole area and select critical

papers

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References

Problem 3: Unclear formatSolutions: List references numerical or alphabetical

and clearly cite them in the text Problem 4: Incorrect citingSolutions: Check the list and citing carefully

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Budget

Mistakes: Too large or too smallSolution:

-- Understand that budget size will not influence your score-- Calculate your cost correctly-- Request in modules

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You Got The Grant

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Business Ethics Fundamentals

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Introduction

Inventory of Ethical Issues in Business

• Employee-Employer Relations• Employer-Employee Relations• Company-Customer Relations• Company-Shareholder Relations• Company-Community/Public Interest

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Business Ethics:What Does It Really Mean?

Definitions• Ethics involves a discipline that examines good or bad

practices within the context of a moral duty• Moral conduct is behavior that is right or wrong• Business ethics include practices and behaviors that

are good or bad

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Sources of Ethical Norms

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Fellow Workers

Family

Friends

The Law

Regions of Country

Profession

Employer

Society at Large

Fellow Workers

Religious Beliefs

The Individual

Conscience

Ethics and the Law• Law often represents an ethical minimum• Ethics often represents a standard that

exceeds the legal minimum

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Ethics Law

Frequent Overlap

Making Ethical Judgments

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Behavior or act that has been committed

Prevailing norms of acceptability

Value judgment and perceptions of the observer

compared with

Ethics, Economics, and Law

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3 Models of Management Ethics

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Three Types Of Management Ethics

3 Models of Management Ethics

1. Immoral Management—A style devoid of ethical principles and active opposition to what is ethical.

2. Moral Management—Conforms to high standards of ethical behavior.

3. Amoral Management– Intentional - does not consider ethical factors– Unintentional - casual or careless about ethical

considerations in business

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Three Models of Management Morality and Emphasis on CSR


Making Moral Management Actionable

Important Factors• Senior management• Ethics training• Self-analysis

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Developing Moral Judgment


Developing Moral Judgment

External Sources of a Manager’s Values• Religious values• Philosophical values• Cultural values• Legal values• Professional values

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Developing Moral JudgmentInternal Sources of a Manager’s Values• Respect for the authority structure• Loyalty• Conformity• Performance• Results

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Elements of Moral Judgment• Moral imagination• Moral identification and ordering• Moral evaluation• Tolerance of moral disagreement and

ambiguity• Integration of managerial and moral

competence• A sense of moral obligation

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Business Etiquette

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What Is Business Etiquette?

• Rules that allow us to interact in a civilized fashion

• Code of behavior that is grounded in common sense and cultural norms

• Manners matter in the workplace

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The Business HandshakeHandshakes are the physical greetings that go with

your words~ Unknown

• How to shake hands• When to shake hands• When not to shake hands• Handshakes to avoid

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Introductions in BusinessI look upon every day to be lost, in which I do not

make a new acquaintance~ Samuel Johnson

• Introducing yourself• Introducing others• Responding to introductions• What to do when you can’t

remember names• Secret to remembering names

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Mixing and Mingling in Business

• Prepare in advance• Arrive early• Position yourself• Work the crowd• Don’t clump• Know when to leave

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Secrets of a Great Conversationalist

• Prepare• Make eye contact &

smile• Take responsibility• Use icebreakers• Ask the right kinds of

questions• Be a good listener

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Exchanging Business Cards

• Carrying your card• Presenting your card• Receiving a card• When to exchange cards• With whom to exchange cards• Never leave the office without a good supply.

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Body Language

• A person’s posture, facial expressions, and gestures send messages.

• Sometimes the message is loud and clear; sometimes its is open for interpretation.

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Communicating in a High-Tech WorldThe telephone is lie the theatre~ when the phone rings you are on. Be a star!

• Answering the phone• Managing the hold button• Transferring calls• Effective screening techniques

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Dressing for the OccasionBy the time we meet and converse, we

have already spoken to each other in an older more universal tongue.~ Allison

Lurie, Author of The Language of Clothes

• Business professional attire• Personal props and accessories• The real meaning of business casual

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In Conclusion

• Manners will make the difference in whether you get that customer, a promotion, or that first job!

• Business etiquette is simply about feeling and showing kindness and respect for those around you. It is about exercising good judgment.

• Stop to hold a door, offer to help with a heavy package, or go out of your way to say thank you!

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Reference:

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U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service www.fws.gov (see “Grants at a Glance”)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

www.coralreef.noaa.gov/grants.html

USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service

http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/programs/

Thank You Hemantri Mam and Friends

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Any Questions?THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME!

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GRANT PROPOSAL and business etiquettes

Career

Transcript of GRANT PROPOSAL and business etiquettes