Global Interdependence, 1960–Present QUIT Chapter Overview Time Line Visual Summary SECTION...

Global Interdependence, 1960–Present

QUIT

Chapter OverviewChapter Overview

Time LineTime Line

Visual SummaryVisual Summary

SECTION Science and Technology Shape Human Outlook 1

SECTION Global Economic Development 2

SECTION Global Security Issues 3

SECTION Cultures Blend in a Global Age 4

36CHAPTER

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Chapter Overview

Advances in communications technology and increasing economic, cultural, and political interdependence give rise to a global community. People face growing responsibilities for maintaining the environment and for working toward world peace.

36CHAPTER Global Interdependence,

1960–Present

1972 U.S. and Soviet Union agree to joint space venture.

1975 Helsinki Accords support human rights.

1986 Soviet Union launches Mir space station.

36CHAPTER

Time Line

1960 2002

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Global Interdependence, 1960–Present

1994 NAFTA goes into effect.

1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty signed.

1999 European Union launches common currency.

1992 Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro.

Advances in technology during the second half of the 20th century focus on the exploration of space and also on communications networks and medical and agricultural techniques that improve the quality of people’s lives.

OverviewOverview AssessmentAssessment

Key Idea

Science and Technology Shape Human Outlook

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MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW

Advances in technology after World War II led to increased global interaction and improved quality of life.

The lives of all people around the world are affected by advances in science and technology.

Overview


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AssessmentAssessment

• Hubble Space Telescope

• Internet

• genetic engineering

• cloning

• green revolution

TERMS & NAMES

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1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Using the three categories listed below, give information on ways science and technology has changed human life.


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Section 1 Assessment

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Science and Technology Changes Lives

Communications Health and Medicine Green Revolution

Television contact across the globe; home offices and telecommuting

Improved diagnoses and surgery; mapping and genetic engineering

Increased crop yields; decreased use of pesticides through plant genetics

2. What is your opinion about cloning? In your judgment, is there a limit to how far cloning should go? Support your opinion with reasons. THINK ABOUT

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1 Assessment

• the Human Genome Project • positive effects of cloning • negative effects of cloning

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continued . . .

Cloning has led to many advances in health and agriculture. It can be pushed too far; for example, creating dangerous biological weapons.

Possible Responses:

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3. Why do you think that space exploration became an arena for cooperation between the Soviet Union and the United States? THINK ABOUT

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1 Assessment

• goals of space exploration • technologies involved • images of Earth from space

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Both nations saw the advantages of sharing costs and information, pooling technologies, and increasing good will between their countries.

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As the global economy expands, the nations of the world are forced to adjust to new patterns of work and trade and to the necessity of maintaining economic growth while preserving the environment.


Key Idea

Global Economic Development

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The economies of the world’s nations are so tightly linked that the actions of one nation affect others.

Every individual is affected by the global economy and the environment.

Overview


• developed nation

• developing nation

• global economy

• multinational corporation

• free trade

• Gulf War

• ozone layer

• sustainable development


TERMS & NAMES

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1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List examples of forces that have shaped a global economy.


continued . . .

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Forces that shape a global economy

advances in communication

transportation

development of multinational corporations

expanded free trade

regional trade blocks

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2 Assessment

ANSWERANSWER

• In developed nations more people work in information industries; in developing nations more people work in manufacturing.

• Some people work at home or through telecommunications; technological advances have increased the work pace.

Possible Responses:

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End of Section 2

2. In what ways has technology changed the workplace of people across the world? THINK ABOUT

• the kinds of industries people work in • the location of the workplaces • the speed at which work is done

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Nations try to preserve peace and collective security and promote human rights but face many challenges, including ethnic and religious conflicts and the dislocation of peoples through migration.


Key Idea

Global Security Issues 3HOME

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Since 1945, nations have used collective security efforts to solve problems.

Personal security of the people of the world is tied to security within and between nations.

Overview


• Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty

• proliferation

• terrorism

• fundamentalism

• Universal Declaration of Human Rights

• civil rights movement

3


TERMS & NAMES

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Global Security Issues

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1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. List collective methods employed by the nations of the world to increase world security. Give examples.


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Method Examples

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Form military alliances NATO, SEATO, Warsaw Pact

Reduce threats of war U.N. formed

Promote peace U.N. peacekeeping missions

Control weapons Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty;Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties

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ANSWERANSWER

People involved in ethnic and religious conflicts may use terrorist tactics to get attention. These conflicts often endanger the security of neighboring nations. Immigrants from troubled areas can present security problems to their host nations.

Possible Responses:

2. How are ethnic and religious conflicts related to problems of global security? THINK ABOUT

• current conflicts • political/ideological tactics of groups • immigration

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ANSWERANSWER

The technical ease of making biological or chemical weapons makes less-powerful nations able to be more aggressive and threaten security. Rapid transportation allows easy movement of terrorists or armies across international borders.

Possible Responses:

3. In what ways have advances in science and technology increased threats to global security? THINK ABOUT

• the ability of less-powerful nations to produce biological or chemical weapons

• the ability to move easily across international borders

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• the destructive capability of one nuclear weapon

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Expanded communications technology brings peoples of the world closer together, creating conflict as they strive to preserve their uniqueness while respecting and living in harmony with their global neighbors.


Key Idea

Cultures Blend in a Global Age

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Technology has increased contact among the world’s people, changing their cultures.

Globalization of culture has changed the ways people live, their perceptions, and their interactions.

Overview


• popular culture

• materialism

• accommodation


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TERMS & NAMES

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1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts. Describe the areas of popular culture that have become very international.


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continued . . .


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International popular culture

Clothing: blue jeans

Food: fast food such as McDonald’s

Mass media: television

Music: Rock ’n’ Roll


ANSWERANSWER

2. You have just immigrated to the United States. You are anxious to “fit in” in your new home but don’t want to lose aspects of your former culture. What do you accept about the new culture and what do you retain of your birth culture? THINK ABOUT

• elements of your birth culture you wish to maintain, adapt, or leave behind

• practical and day-to-day concerns


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• feelings about your identity

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continued . . .

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4 Assessment

Many immigrants may want to keep religious and holiday traditions but adapt clothing, food, and social customs to fit in. They would need to learn English, get an education, and acquire practical skills such as how to get a job to survive on a day-to-day basis.

Immigrants will vary in how much of their birth culture they would be willing to give up. Some may feel that giving up too much would threaten their identity. Others may be willing to lose their old identify to be more “American.”

Possible Responses:

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End of Section 4

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