Gift of the NileGift of the Nile

World’s World’s Longest Longest RiverRiver• 4160 miles 4160 miles

long.long.

• Area along Area along the Nile is the Nile is fertile, the fertile, the area off is area off is Arid.Arid.

Cataract and DeltaCataract and Delta

• A cataract is a waterfall.A cataract is a waterfall.

• A delta is an area at the river A delta is an area at the river mouth.mouth.

Silt and FertileSilt and Fertile

• Silt is fine soil that is deposited by a Silt is fine soil that is deposited by a flooding river.flooding river.

• Silt makes the floodplain fertile, or Silt makes the floodplain fertile, or good for growing crops.good for growing crops.

Egyptian CropsEgyptian Crops

• Wheat, Flax and cottonWheat, Flax and cotton

• Lettuce, radishes, asparagus and Lettuce, radishes, asparagus and cucumbers.cucumbers.

• Dates, figs, grapes and watermelonDates, figs, grapes and watermelon

• Invented beer.Invented beer.

LinenLinen

• Linen was lightweight cloth made Linen was lightweight cloth made from spun flax.from spun flax.

• Perfect for the hot weather of Egypt.Perfect for the hot weather of Egypt.

HousesHouses

• Most houses Most houses a material a material were made were made from mud from mud and straw and straw and that and that was baked was baked into bricks.into bricks.

• They often They often cooked, ate cooked, ate and slept and slept outside.outside.

MiningMining

• Egyptian mined metals and jewels Egyptian mined metals and jewels from the Sinai Peninsula.from the Sinai Peninsula.

• The work was hard and miserable in The work was hard and miserable in the heat of the desert.the heat of the desert.

Transportation and TradeTransportation and Trade

• The Nile was a The Nile was a major major “highway” for “highway” for transporting transporting goods.goods.

• It is still used It is still used today for today for transportation.transportation.

Dynasties of EgyptDynasties of Egypt

• Old Kingdom (2600 BC to 2100 BC)Old Kingdom (2600 BC to 2100 BC)

• Middle Kingdom (1900 BC to 1600 Middle Kingdom (1900 BC to 1600 BC)BC)

• New Kingdom ( 1550 BC-1000 BC)New Kingdom ( 1550 BC-1000 BC)

Pharaoh and VizierPharaoh and Vizier

• Pharaohs were Pharaohs were believed to be believed to be gods.gods.

• Viziers were the Viziers were the Pharaohs chief Pharaohs chief ministersministers

• Menes unites Menes unites upper and lower upper and lower Egypt 2450Egypt 2450

• PtahotepPtahotep

PyramidsPyramids

• Necropolis, meant to preserve and Necropolis, meant to preserve and transport the Pharaohs possessions transport the Pharaohs possessions throughout eternity, 2540 BC, Khufu throughout eternity, 2540 BC, Khufu

Middle KingdomMiddle Kingdom

• War and revoltWar and revolt

• Occupation by the Hyksos and Occupation by the Hyksos and development of the Chariotdevelopment of the Chariot

New KingdomNew Kingdom• Height of the Egyptian Height of the Egyptian

Empire.Empire.

• Hatshepsut expanded Hatshepsut expanded tradetrade

• Thutmose III expanded Thutmose III expanded the bordersthe borders

• Ramses II, the most Ramses II, the most magnificent Pharaoh, magnificent Pharaoh, 66 year rein66 year rein

DeclineDecline

• Assyrians, Assyrians,

• Persians Persians

• Greeks, Alexander Greeks, Alexander the Great 332 BCthe Great 332 BC

• Ptolemic Dynasty Ptolemic Dynasty until Roman until Roman occupation in 50 occupation in 50 BC.BC.

Compare and ContrastCompare and Contrast

• Make a Venn diagram and compare Make a Venn diagram and compare and contrast the Nile River and The and contrast the Nile River and The Fertile Crescent. Which do you think Fertile Crescent. Which do you think might be better for civilization?might be better for civilization?