Giant Magellan Telescope Project...
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 1
Giant Magellan Telescope
Project Status
Patrick McCarthyDirector - GMTO
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Topics
• Partnership, Funding, Staffing, Organization• Science Case Review• Technical Status
• Schedule• Telescope• Primary Mirrors• Adaptive Optics• Site
• Things to Think About During the Week
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
GMT Institutions
HarvardCarnegie
Texas A&M
ANU
KASI U. Arizona
LCO
SAO
U. Texas Austin
AAL
Chicago!
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
GMT Partnership and Funding
AALANUArizonaCarnegieChicagoHarvardKASISmithsonianTexas A&MTexas Austin
Full FundingAALANUCarnegieKASI
PartialOther FoundersUS NSF
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
GMT Org Chart
All of the group lead positions are now
filled
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Astro-2010
Decadal Survey Report
“New Worlds” - Exoplanets
“New Horizons” - First light & Reionization
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Astro-2010
Decadal Survey Report
18/20 Key science goals addressed by GMT
4/5 Discovery areas opened by GMT
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 8
Updating the Science Case
Update of the Science Case is underway
Exoplanets TinneyStar and Planet Formation WeinbergerStellar Populations FrebelGalaxy Evolution & Black Holes PapovichFirst Light & Reionization FinkelsteinDark Matter, Energy GladdersTime-Domain Chen
First Drafts – mostly doneComment period via open Wiki – soon!
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 9
The GMT Concept
Giant-Segmented Mirror Telescope
Increased angular resolution:
10 mas at 1µm with AOover ~30’’ field of view
0.2” FWHM over~5 arc-minutes with GLAO
Increased collecting Area:
380 square meters
10 x Magellan 6.5m Telescope
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 9
The GMT Concept
Giant-Segmented Mirror Telescope
Increased angular resolution:
10 mas at 1µm with AOover ~30’’ field of view
0.2” FWHM over~5 arc-minutes with GLAO
Increased collecting Area:
380 square meters
10 x Magellan 6.5m Telescope
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 9
The GMT Concept
Giant-Segmented Mirror Telescope
Increased angular resolution:
10 mas at 1µm with AOover ~30’’ field of view
0.2” FWHM over~5 arc-minutes with GLAO
Increased collecting Area:
380 square meters
10 x Magellan 6.5m Telescope
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
New Horizons - The First GalaxiesObservationTheory
~ few photons per hour with Hubble
~ several photons per minute with GMT!10
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
First Light and Reionization
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VLT & SINFONI14 hours
Lehnert et al. NATUREGMT & GMTNIFS
14 hours
Steve Finkelstein – TAMU
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 12
Resolved Stellar Populations
Factor of 3 improvement in image size is huge in confused regions
Gemini 8m
GMT 25m
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Project Schedule
Near Term
• We are midway through the design phase
• Design progressing, some prototyping, primary mirror development
• Preconstruction site work
• Subsystems reviews in 2012, PDR in Fall 2012
Longer Term
• Primary mirrors remain pacing item
• Construction of major systems should start in 2013, site construction ~ 2014
• Commissioning start 2019
• Science operations 2020, shared risk observing in 2019
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 14
Telescope Structure
Seismic analysis• Modal Analysis using GMT FSM• Damping 0.5%, 2.0%, 5.0%• Operation level earthquake = 200 yr. return• Survival level earthquake = 500 yr. return• Input conditions typical of Andes foothills• Soil conditions similar to Magellan = hard rock• Assumes primary mirror on static supports
Design accelerations (2% damping)Design accelerations (2% damping)Design accelerations (2% damping)
Location OLE SLE
Ground level .28g .34g
Instrument Platform 1.1g 1.4g
Primary mirror 3.5g 4.5g
Secondary mirror 4.1g 5.3g
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 15
Primary Mirror Supports & Ventilator Assemblies
Ventilators (~50) (blue) Hardpoints (6)
(magenta)
Triple-axis actuators (85)
(brown)Single-axis
actuators (80) (red & green)
Cell top plate (gray)
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 16
Actuators
Actuator assembly
Mirror
Loadspreader Assy Cell top plate
Triple-axis Actuator
Gimble attachment to cell
Mirror interface
Motorized jack-screw assembly
Force break-away mechanism
Load cell
HardpointDesigns nearing completion – prototyping next
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
First Off-Axis GMT Primary Segment
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Primary Polishing
Stressed Lap ”Silly Putty” Lap
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 19
Metrology- 3 tests
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Alignment of the Test Optics
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Alignment of the Test Optics
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
GMT1 Surface as of mid Feb
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
First Off-Axis GMT Primary Segment
Second Segment Casting planned for December
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
AO System Performance
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SJ = 36%
SH = 56%
SK = 72%
SL’ = 90%SM = 94%
Stre
hl R
atio
On-axis total wave-front error: 196nm
Wavelength (µm)
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 25
Adaptive Secondary Mirror (ASM)
Fixed Flange
Hexapod
Electronics
Mobile Flange
Cold plate
2 mm Face sheet & magnets (not shown)
Reference body & electromagnets
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The Large Binocular
Telescope ASM
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Viewed from below, with face sheet removed
Viewed from above
LBT GMT
Diameter 94 cm 101 cm
Actuators 672 672
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The LBT PSF in detail
Challenges for the GMT, Melbourne, June 16 2010 2727
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The LBT PSF in detail
Challenges for the GMT, Melbourne, June 16 2010 27
Linear intensity scale
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The LBT PSF in detail
Challenges for the GMT, Melbourne, June 16 2010 27
Linear intensity scale
Seeing = 0.7”
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The LBT PSF in detail
Challenges for the GMT, Melbourne, June 16 2010 27
Linear intensity scale
Seeing = 0.7”
Log intensity scale
27
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The LBT PSF in detail
Challenges for the GMT, Melbourne, June 16 2010 27
Linear intensity scale
Seeing = 0.7”
Log intensity scale
mv = 5.8
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The LBT PSF in detail
Challenges for the GMT, Melbourne, June 16 2010 27
Linear intensity scale
Seeing = 0.7”
Log intensity scale
4 s exposure
mv = 5.8
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The LBT PSF in detail
Challenges for the GMT, Melbourne, June 16 2010 27
Linear intensity scale
Seeing = 0.7”
Log intensity scale
4 s exposure
mv = 5.8
SR = 68%
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
LBT Adaptive Secondary
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HST WFC3 LBT with AO~15”
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 29
Adaptive Secondary Mirror (ASM)
Hexapod
Interface
Telescope structure
Controller
Wind shield
DM assembly• Cold plate• Reference Body• Face sheet
First round of design studies and cost estimate
complete
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 30
Las Campanas Observatory
Alcaino Pk. (2410 m)
Manqui Pk. (2450 m)
(Magellan 6.5m telescopes)
Campanas Pk. (2551 m)
Manquis Ridge (2308 m)
(DuPont 100” telescope)
Pan American Hwy (Route 5)
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
Seeing Statistics 2005-2008
Seeing Percen*les 10% 25% 50% 75% 90%
Manquis Ridge 0.46 0.55 0.67 0.85 1.07
Co. Manqui 0.42 0.51 0.62 0.79 0.99
Co. Alcaino 0.42 0.50 0.62 0.79 1.01
Co. Las Campanas 0.42 0.50 0.63 0.79 0.99
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GMT Project Status, March 2011
The Ground-Layer Contribution
Tokovinin Thomas-Osip et al.Ground-Layer
Mauna Kea Ground Layer ~ 30m (Chun et al. 2009)LCO Ground Layer
~200-300m
32MooSci (TAMU) will further characterize LCO Ground Layer
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 33
Some Things to Consider This WeekHow do we build scientific bridges to LSST?
With the astro2010 competition over, now is the time to think about synergy
How does GMT work best with JWST?
Where do we compete, where do we complement and where should fear to tread?
When is the science case “good enough”
The role of the science case is evolving – how do we balance specific science with discovery space considerations?
How do we avoid locking in too soon?
Science is changing much faster than the time scale for technical development
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GMT Project Status, March 2011 34
New GMTO Website – Hosted at UT Austin – coming
soon!