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Saab Aerosystems1

Geographical Data Supply to Simulators and Games

Digital Map Generating System (DMGS)

Göran Ancker Saab Aerosystems, Support Systems and Simulators

2007-01-25

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Gripen Mission Trainer

Cabins and visual systems

Instructor station (IOS)

Network to external systems

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Mission Evaluation

Gripen Aircraft SystemsMore than Aircraft necessary for mission completion

Mission Planning

Perform/RehearseMission

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Gripen Aircraft systemswhere geospatial data is vital for operation

Aircraft

Mission Planning& Evaluation

Training &Rehearsal

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Geographical Data – Geodata – Geospatial Data -Database - DatasetWhat do I mean?• Set of digital data that represents part of geography or information

related to geography. Digital format can be:• Proprietary formatted text tables• Standard formats e.g. ESRI SHAPE, DTED, ARINC 424• Relational Database .e.g Oracle Database• Etc.

• The Geographical Database is used by a System (not necessarily GIS) as exchangeable data for its functionality. Functionality can be:• Calculations and Analysis e.g. line-of-sight calculations• Visualisation e.g. maps or 3D-scenes• Etc.

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Geographical data in Gripen AircraftGripen Moving Map (GMM)

Moving Map Data:• Geographic

information• Features• Aeronautical

information

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Geographical data in Gripen Aircraft (SA)Navigation System Functions

Navigation system data (in SC):• IGRF (International Geomagnetic

Reference Field)• Geoids (local & global)• Elevation (local & “global”)• Runways• Radio navigation aids• Reference points

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Geographical data inMission Support System (MSS)Mission Planning and Evaluation

Embedded GIS application for map presentation and terrain analysis. Holistic GIS database:

• Geographic information• Features• Feature Attributes

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Geographical data inMission Support System (MSS)Mission Planning and Evaluation

Navigation system data

Moving Map Data:

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Geographical data inMission Support System (MSS)Mission Fly-Through

3D visualisation data:• OpenFlight database• 3D models

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Geographical data in Gripen Training System Real-Time Scene Generation

3D visualisation data for Out-The-Window (OTW), Infra-Red (IR) and Radar (RR):

• OpenFlight database• 3D models• IR and RR extensions

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Geographical data in Gripen Training System Aircraft Simulation

Gripen Aircraft simulation needs data for:

• GMM• Navigation Functions

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Geographical data in Gripen Training System Networked Simulators using Geographical Data

Computer Generated Forces (CGF) & Weapons simulation using GIS-data:

• Geographic information• Features• Feature Attributes

Instructor/Operator Station (IOS) Map GUI data:

• Geographic information• Features• Feature Attributes

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Geographical data management and database generation, traditionally

AircraftSystems

Aircraft

Mission Planning& Evaluation

Training & Rehearsal

GeographicalDatabases

GeographicalSourceData

0100 1011 0000 1011 1011 10011000 0101 0010

DatabaseGeneration

Process

Raster (e.g. images)

Grids (e.g. elevation)

Vector (e.g. roads)

Table (e.g. Geoid)

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Enterprise approach for geographical data management and database generation

AircraftSystems

Aircraft

Mission Planning& Evaluation

GeographicalDatabases

Raster (e.g. images)

Grids (e.g. elevation)

Vector (e.g. roads)

GeographicalSourceData

0100 1011 0000 1011 1011 10011000 0101 0010

Table (e.g. Geoid)

1 Process1 Database1 System

Training & Rehearsal

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Enterprise data managementOperational concept description

Support System Administrators

GeographicalSourceData

AircraftData Provider

GeographicalSource Data

Provider

Aircraft Ground Crew

GeographicalDatabases

Accre-ditation

DMGS

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DMGS - OverviewSystem Setup

H/WClients & Server

• PC ClientWindows OS

• Sun ServerSolaris OS

S/W ApplicationsDMGS S/W application

• ESRI ArcGISWith extended functionality

• ESRI ArcSDE• Oracle Database Management System

Supporting Tools• Erdas Imagine• Multigen Creator

Server

Clients

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What’s GIS?Geodatabase in GIS

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What’s GIS?Geographical data types

• Vector based dataPoints, lines, and polygons

• Raster based dataRaster images, grids

• Table dataContinuous set of data

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What’s GIS?Working with data in GIS

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What’s GIS?Geoprocessing

• ESRI ArcGIS class library includes ~2000+ methods• DMGS also includes Saab-developed methods

DMGS - OverviewSystem User Interface and Functions•ArcMap Graphical User Interface

•Tailored menus & wizards• Selected and verified

ArcGIS tools • DMGS unique tools• Process wizards

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DMGS - OverviewSystem Components

Import modulesImport of geospatial data

CoreGeodatabase management and common tools

Export modulesProcess geodata and export output databases

Core system

GMM Nav SNE OTWExport modules

Database CommonTools

Export API

Import modules Vector Raster Tables

DMGSDetails!

GMM Nav SNE OTWExport modules

Aircraft Mission Planning& Evaluation

Training &Rehearsal

Core system Database

CommonTools

Import modules VPF

AeronauticalImagesElevation“Map”-data Navigation

Shape DTED Geo-TIFF

ESRIGrid

GSDElev.

ARINC424

Prop-rietary

Reference

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OTW

DMGSOTW

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DMGS - OTW Export ModuleTarget System CharacteristicsOut-The-Window Visual

Database • Database for 3-D scene

visualization• Elevation• Terrain• Features/Objects

• Can be used for visualization in multiple spectra• Visual (Sensor images or human views)• IR (image sensors)• Radar (SAR)

• Output file in open standard format -Open Flight

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DMGS - OTW Export ModuleTarget System CharacteristicsOut-The-Window Visual

Database • Database for 3-D scene

visualization• Elevation• Terrain• Features/Objects

• Can be used for visualization in multiple spectra• Visual (Sensor images or human views)• IR (image sensors)• Radar (SAR)

• Output file in open standard format -Open Flight

• Independent of visualization system

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DMGS - OTW Export ModuleVisual Database for Dummies

Visual database principles • Elevation represented with

polygons• Texture (i.e. image) draped on

elevation• Features (i.e. static objects)

placed on terrain• 3D-models (i.e. moving objects)

inserted during simulation by image generator (IG) software

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DMGS - OTW Export ModuleTexture generating Tools

• Retrieves images from the Base Texture (e.g. satellite imagery) and High-res Texture (e.g. aerial photography) data frames

• Creates one base texture and a number of high-res textures per patch

GeotypicalTexturizer ImageBlenderColorizer

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DMGS - OTW Export ModuleTinBuilder• Creates a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN)

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DMGS - OTW Export ModuleGeotypicalBuilder• Creates geo-typical terrain polygons

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InsetBuilder

• Inserts 3D models into terrain

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DMGS - OTW Export ModuleScatteredObjectBuilder

• Distributes scattered 3D models on top of terrain

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DMGS - OTW Export ModulePointObjectBuilder• Plants 3D-models on top of terrain

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GMM

DMGSGMM

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DMGS - GMM Export ModuleTarget System CharacteristicsGripen Moving Map, GMM

(Swedish acronym ELKA ) • Gripen map display including

• Geographical info• Features• Aeronautical info

• Multiple pre-defined scales• Information dependent on map

scale, flight mode and altitude• GMM database in Gripen proprietary

format• Gripen hosts 4 map databases

each divided into sub-maps

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DMGS - GMM Export ModuleLayer definition and Feature assignment

Layer definitionSelect features from repository database (Data Transfer Wizard)Assign selected features to GMM layers

DMGS Repository

Feature Mapping

GMM Layers

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DMGS - GMM Export ModuleSegmentation and Split

Segmentation of vector data to • 16 directions• lengths suitable for each map scale

Split vectors crossing sub-maps

2 1 0 F E

3 D

C4

5 B

A9876

Directions&

LengthSub-maps

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DMGS - GMM Export ModuleMap Sign DefinitionDefine (Draw) Map signs

• Shape• Color• Intensity

Signs in map

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DMGS - GMM Export ModuleVerificationFilter out overlapping symbolsManual edit e.g. text overlapping other infoCheck for graphics processor overloadVisual inspection of end-result

Overload check End-result

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DMGS - GMM Export ModuleExport Aircraft BinariesCalculate check-sumsConvert into Gripen file structure and binary format

Map symbol definitionsScale 1

Map sets Map symbols

Scale 2

Scale 3

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Enterprise approach for geographical data management and database generation

AircraftSystems

Aircraft

Mission Planning& Evaluation

GeographicalDatabases

Raster (e.g. images)

Grids (e.g. elevation)

Vector (e.g. roads)

GeographicalSourceData

0100 1011 0000 1011 1011 10011000 0101 0010

Table (e.g. Geoid)

1 Process1 Database1 System

Training & Rehearsal

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Geographical Data Supply to Simulators and GamesConclusions

Do we need accurate geodata and environment?Requirements on geodata accuracy is influenced by:• Real system accuracy (through correlation requirements)• Simulation objective e.g. Mission rehearsal

How do we achieve “common” environment?Correlated geographical data is dependent on open standards,

but which standards? Gaming, Military simulation or GIS?

Where do we find technology for environment representation?Gaming, Military simulation or GIS?