Geo STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE AND FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTAN

23-11-2013Muhammad Ali KhanGEO STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN1Out lineGeographical Position of Pakistan.Relations with neighboring countries.Importance of Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea.Importance of Pakistan with reference to land lock countries.Super Powers Interest.Pakistans Relations with Super Powers.Regional Importance of Pakistan.Front line state against the War on terrorism.Conclusion

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3GEO-STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTANLocation

West part of South Asia. It lies between the latitudes of 23.30 degree and 35.45 degree north and between the longtitudes of 61 degree and 75.31 degree east of Greenwich.

Total Area

796096 sq km broad East to West.1600 kms north to south and about 885 kms broad east to west.

4BoundariesMarch with Iran, Afghanistan and India bounded to west by IranTo the North by Afghanistan to the North East by China.To the East and South East by India and to the South by Arabian Sea Pakistan is separated from Tajikistan by a narrow strip of Afghan territory called WAKHAN5BorderPAKISTAN shares border 2252 km long common border (Durand Line) with Afghanistan585 kms long border with China 805 kms long border with Iran 700 kms long coast with the Arabian Sea6Geographical Position of PaksitanMap of the Pakistan.Locations of the neighboring countries.Border sharing with the neighboring countries.Sea-ports of the Pakistan.Border sharing with the Arabian Sea.Importance of the Persian Gulf.U.S.As interest in the Persian Gulf.60-70% Oil trade of the world through Persian Gulf.Pakistans Border sharing with two atomic powers.

7Importance of the neighboring countriesIndiaIndian population is more than 1.2 billion.India as an emerging power in the region.Pakistan-India clashes.ChinaChinas population is more than 1.5 billion.China is emerging economical super power in the world.Chinas policies with the neighboring countries.AfghanistanAfghanistans position in the world regarding war on terrorism.IranIrans importance regarding oil producing gulf countries.Irans foreign policy-U.S.A contained in the region.Threat of the clash between U.S.A and Iran in the Persian gulf.8Relations with neighboring countriesPakistans relations with India.Pakistans hard diplomacy and foreign policy towards India.Bone of contention between Pakistan and India.Regional hegemony of India.Role of SAARCPakistans relations with China.Friendship based on individuals interest.Friendship between developed and developing countries.Importance of Gawader Port for the china99

10ContPakistan's relations with Iran.Irans importance regarding oil producing countries.Irans interests in Pakistan.Regional Importance of Iran for Pakistan.Gas pipeline agreement between Pakistan and Iran.Role of U.S.A in the region particularly regarding Irans foreign policyPakistans relations with Afghanistan.Participation of Pakistan in proxy war at Afghanistan against Russia.Border security Issue.Indians involvement in Pakistan through western Border.Talibinization.Role of U.S.A in the friendship of Pakistan and Afghanistan.U turn in the Pakistans Foreign Policy regarding Afghanistan.

11Importance of Persian GulfLocation of Persian Gulf.Gulf Countries issue and role of U.S.A.Presence of US Navy. Role of Irans policies to contain the U.S.As policies.Importance of Gawader.Chinas interest in the Persian Gulf.US hegemony threatening by the chinas presence.12

13Pakistans Importance regarding Trade for the Land Lock CountriesPakistans enjoys friendly relations with central Asian countriesImportance of Pakistan for the Afghan trade and transit trade is vital.Chinas interest of trade through Pakistan.Trades impacts on Pakistans economy.Role of foreign agencies in the Pakistan to hurt the chinas interest in Pakistan.14Interests of Super PowersImportance of Pakistan since cold war era.U-2China USA relationImportance of Pakistan in the proxy war against communism in Afghanistan 1979-87US support for intervene in the war for Pakistan.Success of the U.S.A and U turn of the U.S.A in Russia-Afghan war.Chinas economic and Military interests in the region.Gawader to Control the Indian OccasionNegative Role of India in the region.TTP and other banned outfits157th US Fleet

16Pakistans Relation with Super Powers.Pak-US relations.Pakistans entry into capitalist block.Ups and downs in the Pak-U.S relations during 50s-60s.Pakistan supported by U.S.A in the Russian-Afghan war.Pak- Russia Relations.Pak-U.S.S.R relations during 60s-70s.Gift of the Steel Mill for PakistanBhuttos policies of socialism

17Regional Importance Role of Pakistan in SAARC.2nd Important MemberIndians hegemony in the region and counter policies of Pakistan.Atomic PowerPakistans relations with other SAARC countries.Role of other super powers in the region.As first Defense line of ChinaFirst proxy in the WOTInterest of other super powers in the region.US-ChinaUS-USSR18Pakistan as a Front Line State War on Terrorism.War against CommunismOrigin of the terrorism.Location of Pakistan regarding war issues.Pakistans U turn from Supporting Talban to TTPRole of Pakistan in war on terrorism.50 K Martyrs, Economic Loss Suffering of Pakistan in that war.Role of Pakistans agencies in this war.19ConclusionDrawbacks and benefits of the geo strategic and importance of PakistanWar ridden economyTerrorismEconomic DependencyPlay ground of SuperpowersBuffer Zone for Sectarian ClashesFuture of Pakistan is brightPolitical and Military strategic plan of Pakistan.Economic potential of PakistanTransit tradeOil RootsChange in Foreign Policy20What can we earn ?National InterestNational Security.Territorial Integrity.Economic well being.National Prestige.

21Foreign Policy of Pakistan22FOREIGN POLICY OF PAKISTANConcept

The external policy of an independent, sovereign state which it pursues in its relations with other nations of the world in order to seek its national interest.

The external policy of the state which it pursues to preserve its ideological character, safeguard its territorial integrity, maintain its political sovereignty and guarantee its economic well being23DETERMINENTS OF PAKISTANS FOREIGN POLICYNational Interest Supported byGeo-Political Settings.Historical Legacies and Past Traditions.Socio-Economic Condition.Political Systems and Structure.Ideological Considerations.Decision Makers Dream, Images and Motives.External Environment.Power Considerations.National Interest.24ELEMENTS AFFECTING FOREIGN POLICYTechnology leaves impact on foreign policy.The national capacity of a state also exercises profound influence on the foreign policy of state.The social structure of a society also exercise profound influence on its foreign policy.Public opinion is another important element of countrys foreign policy.

25ELEMENTS AFFECTING FOREIGN POLICYThe political organization found in a country also greatly influences the foreign policy. For example under authoritarian systems quick foreign policy decisions are takenThe press also plays a vital role in foreign policy formulation processThe nature of political accountability prevailing in a system also greatly influence the foreign policy of the state.The leadership also plays a vital role in the shaping of a countrys foreign policyThe great power structure prevailing in the world politics also greatly influence the policy of a country26ELEMENTS AFFECTING FOREIGN POLICYWhile making foreign policy the state has to take note of the international law, treaties and contracts.While formulating its foreign policy a country has to take note of the reaction of other states to its various actions.Alliances concluded by various states also greatly influence the foreign policy.The world public opinion also influences the states foreign policy.27PHASES OF PAKISTANS FOREIGN POLICYPhase-I1947-53(The Era of Neutrality)Phase-II1954-62(The Era of Alignment)(1)Pak-US Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement.(2)South-East Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO)(3)Central Treaty Organization (CENTO)28PHASES OF PAKISTANS FOREIGN POLICYPhase-III1963-77(The Era of Bilateralism)Phase-IV1978-89(The Era of Non-Alignment)Phase-V1999 Onwards(Quest for Multilateral Foreign Policy)

Restructuring of Foreign Policy Keeping in view of Geo-Strategic Importance

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