Galaxy evolution in the Virgo cluster
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Transcript of Galaxy evolution in the Virgo cluster
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Galaxy evolution in the Virgo clusterBernd VollmerCDS, Observatoire de Strasbourg
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Interaction of a spiral galaxy with its environmentGravitational interaction galaxy - cluster
Gravitational interaction galaxy - galaxy
Ram pressure galaxy ISM intracluster medium (ICM)(Kenney et al. 1995)(Bhringer et al. 1994)(Kenney et al. 2004)
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Interaction diagnostics for Virgo cluster spiral galaxiesObservations: HI (VLA, Effelsberg), CO(1-0) (IRAM 30m), radio continuum (VLA)Simulations: non-collisional and collisional N-body code (sticky particles) including ram pressureComparison of the gas distribution and velocity field
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The Virgo Cluster3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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Observational gas characteristicsExtraplanar, high surface brightness gas (NGC 4522, NGC 4438)Extraplanar, very low surface brightness gas (NGC 4388)Perturbed, low surface brightness arms (NGC 4548, NGC 4569, NGC 4654, NGC 4254)
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3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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NGC 4522Contours: PIGreyscale: HI (Kenney et al. 2004)Contours: PI (Vollmer et al. 2004)Greyscale: B band(nearly edge-on disk)
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NGC 4522Observations ModelGrey: HI Contours: 6cm PI Grey: gas Contours: stellar disk
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3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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NGC 4438Color: optical B bandSpectra: IRAM 30m CO(1-0) (Kenney et al. 1995) (Vollmer et al. 2004)
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NGC 4438ModelGrey: gas Contours: starsModelspectraCO(1-0)spectra
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Observational gas characteristicsExtraplanar, high surface brightness gas (NGC 4522, NGC 4438)Extraplanar, very low surface brightness gas (NGC 4388)Perturbed, low surface brightness arms (NGC 4548, NGC 4569, NGC 4654, NGC 4254)
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3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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NGC 438820 kpc
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NGC 4388modelobservations(Vollmer & Huchtmeier 2003)
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Observational gas characteristicsExtraplanar, high surface brightness gas (NGC 4522, NGC 4438)Extraplanar, very low surface brightness gas (NGC 4388)Perturbed, low surface brightness arms (NGC 4548, NGC 4569, NGC 4654, NGC 4254)
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3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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NGC 4548Grey: HIContours: CO(1-0)(Vollmer et al. 1999)3D visualization
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3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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NGC 4569Contours: HI VLA C+DGreyscale: B band(Vollmer et al. 2004)
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NGC 4569HI observations active stripping past stripping (Vollmer et al. 2004)
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3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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NGC 4654(Phookun & Mundy 1995)HI gas distributionHI velocity fieldNGC4654NGC4639
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NGC 4654model I:ram pressuremodel II:ram pressure +tidal interactionHI observations(Phookun & Mundy 1995)(Vollmer 2003)gas distribution velocity field
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3 MpcNGC4522(Cayatte et al. 1990)
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NGC 4254Model:gravitationalonly
Model:gravitational+ ram pressure+ evaporation/ expansion
HI observations(Phookun et al. 1993)Solid: model spectraDashed: Effelsberg HI spectra(Vollmer 2004)
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Towards a time sequence of ram pressure strippingNGC 4438 NGC 4569NGC 4522 NGC 4548NGC 4388modelmodelmodelmodel
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NGC4654NGC4522NGC4254(3cm, Effelsberg 100m) (Chyzy et al.)(6cm, VLA)(Vollmer et al.)(3.6cm, VLA)(Chyzy et al.)Grey: model gas distributionContours: Model distributionof polarised radiocontinuum emissionEvolution of the polarised radio continuum emission(Otmianowska-Mazur & Vollmer 2003)
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Polarized radio emission in NGC4654 simulations versus observations Observations SimulationsEffelsberg 3cm :Chyzy et al. in prep.)(Soida et al. in prep.)