Fungicide Performance in Wheat 2010 -2011

Septoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola)Septoria tritici (Mycosphaerella graminicola)

I 2009 d 2010In 2009 and 2010• Lower pressure due to dry springs

• Mainly protectant activity in 2010

In 2011A danger of complacency:

• Septoria tritici is potentially the most yield damaging pathogen

• Spring rainfall will determine the extent of the epidemicextent of the epidemic

Below average Spring rainfall in 2009 & 2010Below-average Spring rainfall in 2009 & 2010100 2008

70

80

90 20092010Average 1971-2000

50

60

70

all (

mm

)

30

40

Rai

nfa

0

10

20

0March April May June

New SDHI / triazole mixtures approvedNew SDHI / triazole mixtures approved

Aviator235 Xpro p75 g/litre of bixafen + 160 g/litre of prothioconazole

– new active ingredient (bixafen) and formulation (Xpro)g ( ) ( p )– version tested contained 150 g/litre prothioconazole– evaluated in HGCA trials since 2008.

Seguris125 g/litre of isopyrazam + 90 g/litre of epoxiconazole125 g/litre of isopyrazam + 90 g/litre of epoxiconazole

– new active ingredient (isopyrazam) in wheattested as tank mix in 2008 & 2009 co formulation in 2010– tested as tank mix in 2008 & 2009, co-formulation in 2010.

New SDHI / triazole mixtures approvedNew SDHI / triazole mixtures approved

Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors (SDHI’s)y g ( )– a new mode of action for wheat foliar disease control

– same chemical group as boscalid (in Tracker)same chemical group as boscalid (in Tracker)

– single site mode of action: use in mixtures e.g. with triazoles.

Fungicides includedFungicides included ProductU d

Full Dose (l/h )

Active IngredientsUsed (l/ha)Aviator Xpro 1.25 75 g/l bixafen + 150 g/l prothioconazoleSeguris 1 0 125 g/l isopyrazam + 90 g/l epoxiconazoleSeguris 1.0 125 g/l isopyrazam + 90 g/l epoxiconazoleBrutus 3.0 37.5 g/l epoxiconazole + 27.5 g/l metconazole Opus 1.0 125 g/l epoxiconazole (SC)Opus 1.0 125 g/l epoxiconazole (SC)Ignite 1.5 83 g/l epoxiconazole (EC) (from 2010)Proline 0.8 250 g/l prothioconazole(Proline275) (0.72) (275 g/l prothioconazole) (from 2010)IZM solo 1.0 125 g/l Isopyrazam

Comet200 1.25 200 g/l pyraclostrobinFirefly 1.5 50 g/l fluoxastrobin + 100 g/l prothioconazole

Septoria tritici protectant activity2008 2010 (all sites)

n=12 trials

2008 - 2010 (all sites) 18

14

16

ci

OpusProlineAviator Xpro

10

12

oria

triti

c Isopyrazam*SegurisBrutus

4

6

8

% S

epto

0

2

4

* only available in mixtures

00 0.5 1 1.5 2

Dose (proportion of full label rate)

Septoria tritici eradicant activity 2008 2010 (all sites)

n=7 trials

2008 - 2010 (all sites) 25 Opus

Proline

20

ci

ProlineAviator XproIsopyrazam*SegurisB t

15

toria

triti

c Brutus

5

10

% S

ept

0

5


0 0.5 1 1.5 2Dose (proportion of full label rate)

Yield t/ha (single spray treatments) Septoria tritici sites 2008 2010

n=11 trials

Septoria tritici sites 2008 – 20109.6

9 0

9.2

9.4

8.6

8.8

9.0

ld t/

ha

8.2

8.4Yie Opus

ProlineAviator Xpro

7 6

7.8

8.0 SegurisBrutus

7.60 0.5 1 1.5 2


Fungicide Performance Septoria triticiHalf label rates at T1 & T2: 2008 Yields

n=4 trials

Half label rates at T1 & T2: 2008 Yields

10 5

9 5

10.0

10.5

a

9.0

9.5

Yiel

d t/h

8.0

8.5Y

7.5

Fungicide Performance Septoria triticiHalf label rates at T1 & T2: 2010 Yields

n=3 trials

Half label rates at T1 & T2: 2010 Yields

10 5

9 5

10.0

10.5

a

9.0

9.5

Yiel

d t/h

8.0

8.5Y

7.5

Fungicide Performance Septoria triticiHalf label rates at T1 & T2: 2008 2010

n=11 trials

Half label rates at T1 & T2: 2008 – 2010

10.5

9 5

10.0

a

9.0

9.5

Yiel

d t/h

a

8.0

8.5Y

7.5

Septoria tritici activity 2010 (two sites)P t t t E di t

n = 2 trials

Protectant Eradicant12 Opus 12 Opus

10

p

Ignite 10 Ignite

6

8

triti

ci

6

8

. trit

ici

4

6

% S

.

4

6

% S

.2 2

00 0.5 1 1.5 2


00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Summary: Septoria tritici and YieldSummary: Septoria tritici and Yield

When compared as single or two-spray treatments:p g p y

• Combinations of bixafen + prothioconazole (as Aviator Xpro) and isopyrazam + epoxiconazole (as Seguris) add substantially to septoria control compared to Proline or Opus alone;

• Aviator Xpro has given similar level of septoria control to Brutus, d S i h h bl t t t ti itand Seguris has shown comparable protectant activity;

• Aviator Xpro has given an average yield advantage of 0.35 t/ha over best triazole treatment (for half label rates applied twice);over best triazole treatment (for half label rates applied twice);

• Seguris has given yields that are at least as good as Brutus;

• Ignite at least as effective as Opus against septoria in 2010.

Brown rust: 2011 a low risk season?Brown rust: 2011 – a low risk season?Brown rust development slowed by:

• Frosts – affecting spore survival

• Overwinter temperatures– reducing infection efficiency

t di l t t i d– extending latent period

• However, many varieties are at risk– over 40% of UK wheat area rated 4 or less– susceptible varieties include:

Cordiale Solstice Grafton Duxford JB Diego Gallant

Brown rust 2008 and 092008 and 09

16 Opus

12

14ProlineAviator XproIsopyrazam*Brutus

8

10

wn

rust

BrutusFireFlyComet

4

6

8

% B

row

2

4


00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Yellow rustYellow rust2010• Epidemic checked by winter frosts

and dry spring• Significant disease developed in• Significant disease developed in

some areas from April onwards

20112011• Early epidemics now unlikely• April / May threat large, if conditions p y g ,

favourable– Oakley and Robigus account for >10%

of sown areaof sown area – Further 25% of area rated 5 or less

Yellow rust 2008 and 2009

45 OpusProline

35

40o e

Aviator XproIsopyrazam*BrutusFireFly

25

30

low

rust FireFly

Comet

15

20

% Y

el

5

10


00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Powdery mildewPowdery mildew

2010• Spring conditions generally too dry• Slow N uptake / thin crops reduced pressure

2011• Found widely in autumn 2010• Later sowings / backward crops likely to favour

disease developmentdisease development• Significance will depend on spring conditions

2009 Half label rates at T1 and T2 – mildew

89

678

w

345

Mild

ew

012

0

untre

ated

Proline

viator

Xproop

yraza

m*

Tern

Flexity

Torch E

xtra

Talius

Cyflam

id


u

Avia Isop

To

Summary: Other diseasesSummary: Other diseasesYellow Rust

• Brutus and Opus have been the most effective products;• Brutus and Opus have been the most effective products;• New SDHI Isopyrazam very active on yellow rust. • Aviator Xpro gave good control of yellow rust, especially at more than half

label rate .label rate .Brown Rust

• Brutus and Comet (pyraclostrobin) highly active on brown rust; • Aviator Xpro has given very good control significantly better than• Aviator Xpro has given very good control, significantly better than

prothiconazole alone (Proline).• Isopyrazam highly active on brown rust

MildewMildew • Data from 2009 indicates that Aviator Xpro can give good control,

comparable to standard mildewicides.• Isopyrazam adds useful activity on mildew controlIsopyrazam adds useful activity on mildew control

For more informationFor more information…Website: www.hgca.com/diseasecontrol

Barley Fungicide Performance 2010 – 2011

New SDHI ProductsNew SDHI Products

Siltra XproSiltra Xprobixafen 60 g/l + prothioconazole 200 g/l

Bontimacyprodinil 187.5 g/l + isopyrazam 62.5 g/lyp g py g

Fungicides includedFungicides included

Product Full Dose Active IngredientsUsed (l/ha)Bontima 2.0 187.5 cyprodinil + 62.5 g/l isopyrazamC t200 1 25 200 /l l t biComet200 1.25 200 g/l pyraclostrobinFandango 1.25 100 g/l fluoxastrobin + 100 g/l prothioconazoleProline 0 8 250 g/l prothioconazoleProline(Proline275)

0.8(0.72)

250 g/l prothioconazole275 g/l prothioconazole (2010 only)

Siltra Xpro 1.00 60 g/l bixafen + 200 g/l prothioconazole

Bravo 2.0 500 g/l chlorothalonilTracker 1.5 233 g/l boscalid + 67 g/l epoxiconazoleac e 5 33 g/ bosca d 6 g/ epo co a o e

Rhynchosporium protectant activity 2009 2010

n = 4 trials

2009 - 201010 Bontima

7

8

9 SiltraProlineCometFandango

5

6

7

hync

ho

Fandango

3

4

% R

h

0

1

2

00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Rhynchosporium eradicant activity 2009 2010

n = 4 trials

2009 - 2010 25 Bontima

20

SiltraProlineCometFandango

15

ynch

o

g

10

% R

hy

0

5

00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Net Blotch protectant activity 2010

n = 2 trials

201018 Bontima

Silt

14

16SiltraProlineCometFandango

10

12

Blo

tch

4

6

8

% N

et

0

2

4

00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Net Blotch eradicant activity 2010

n = 2 trials

2010 30 Bontima

25

SiltraProlineCometFandango

15

20

Blo

tch

g

10

15

% N

et

0

5

00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Brown rust protectant activity2008 2009

n = 2 trials

2008 - 20098 Fandango

Bontima

6

7BontimaSiltraProlineTracker

4

5

own

rust

2

3%B

ro

0

1

2

00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Ramularia protection2009 2010 Spring barley

n = 3 trials

2009 - 2010 Spring barley

30 Bontima

25

30 BontimaSiltraProlineTrackerB

15

20

mul

aria

BravoOpus

10

15

% R

am

0

5

00 0.5 1 1.5 2


Barley SummaryBarley Summary

Siltra Xpro

• Very good control of all foliar diseases tested;• New standard for rhynchosporium;y p• Useful mildew activity.

BontimaBontima• Very good control of net blotch, ramularia, brown rust;• Good control of rhynchosporium (but inferior to Proline / Siltra);Good control of rhynchosporium (but inferior to Proline / Siltra);• Useful mildew activity.

Thank youThank you

Fungicide performance in oilseed rape 2010 - 11 2011jhj

fPhoma leaf spot and stem canker

• Late epidemic in 2009/2010Late epidemic in 2009/2010

Earlier onset in 2010 October• Earlier onset in 2010 – October

• Delayed by cold conditions

• Re-infection occurring in crops now

fPhoma fungicide trial – spray dates 2010

• cv Catana

• Boxworth sprayed 1 Dec (GS 1,6-1,9) and 15 Feb - 42% phoma at T1at T1

• Terrington sprayed 1 Dec (GS1,6-1,8) and 6 Jan - 47% phoma at T1T1

Product choice important – use Poraz as a

HGCA phoma canker control Boxworth 2010

protectantLSD = 16.3

70

80

90

50

60

70

ecte

d

30

40

50

% p

lant

s af

fe 00.51

10

20

30

0

10

Prosaro Proline Caramba Sanction Poraz

l2

l2 Change title - suggestion was 'Choose your product carefully'laurat, 12/01/2011

Significant responses to full rate Prosaro and

HGCA Fungicide Performance: Phoma control and yield Terrington 2010

Poraz at drought-stressed site

HGCA Fungicide Performance: Phoma control and yield,Terrington 2010

3 2

3.4

LSD = 0.34

3.0

3.2

2.6

2.8

Yiel

d (t/

ha)

00.51

2.2

2.4

2.0Prosaro Proline Caramba Sanction Poraz

l5

l5 Can we tailor this slide to 'Managing the threat? and show how disease control can be reduced from last year, but explain the threats that still remainlaurat, 12/01/2011

Product performance – moderate disease k d i ld

4.150

canker and yield

3.9

4.0

Punch C

Plover

40

00)

3.7

3.8

yiel

d (t/

ha) Proline

Prosaro

C b20

30

ker i

ndex

(0-1

0

3.5

3.6

Caramba

Charisma

10

20

cank

3.4

3.5

0 0.5 1

dose

00 0.5 1

dose dosedose

Source: Six HGCA trials 2006 - 2008

Phoma control

• Good control with fungicides at half doseGood control with fungicides at half dose

• Positive yield trends in low disease situations

• Prochloraz should be used as a protectant treatment

• Responses in drought stressed situation in 2010

• Potential for responses of 0.5 t/ha in 2011Potential for responses of 0.5 t/ha in 2011

fLight leaf spot

• 2010 – epidemic less damaging to2010 epidemic less damaging to yield than usual (cold + dry spring)

2011 t h d t l t• 2011– most crops had at least one autumn fungicide

• Incidence increasing in all regions – CropMonitor

Light leaf spot in spring has been increasing for g p p g gthe last 5 years

7080

2003

5060 2004

20052006

203040 2006

200720082009

01020 2009

2010

% crops % plants

l8

l8 Old logo for Crop Monitor. Will send new one.laurat, 12/01/2011

f fLight leaf spot fungicide trial – spray dates 2010

• cv Castillecv Castille

• Malton sprayed 4 Dec (GS 1,6) and 8 April

• cv NK Bravour

• Aberdeen sprayed 28 Oct (GS1,4) and 26 April

All treatments gave light leaf spot control in Ab d l it

HGCA Fungicide Performance: Light leaf spot control Aberdeen 26 April 2010

Aberdeen - low severity

3.0

3.5

LSD =1.02

2.5

cted

1.5

2.0

% le

af a

rea

affe

c

00.51

0.5

1.0

%

0.0Prosaro Proline Sanction Poraz

All treatments gave control of light leaf spot,

HGCA Light leaf spot control (post T2), High Mowthorpe, May 2010

Malton, N Yorks – no yield differences

10

12

LSD = 0.97

8

10

cted

6

% le

af a

rea

affe

c

00.51

2

4%

0Prosaro Proline Sanction Poraz

U i t t i ti f li ht l f t t l

20U t t d P li 27 N 4 M P li 4 M

Use resistant varieties for light leaf spot control

16

eaf s

pot Untreated Proline 27 Nov + 4 Mar Proline 4 Mar

12

th li

ght l

e

8

f are

a w

it

0

4

% le

af

0Castille Cuillin

(KWS data 16 March 2010 N Yorks)

Large yield benefits from varieties with good light l f t i t

5.5Untreated Proline aut + sp Proline spring

leaf spot resistance

5.0

Untreated Proline aut + sp Proline spring

4.5

d (t/

ha)

3 5

4.0Yiel

d

3.0

3.5

Castille Cuillin(KWS data 2010 N Yorks)Castille 4.19 Cuillin 4.84 LSD =0.2

fLight leaf spot control

• Importance in England still underestimatedImportance in England still underestimated

• 15% planted affected at stem extension = 5% yield loss

• Older azoles still giving control and economic responses

• Exploit varieties with good resistance where farms have difficulty controlling light leaf spot

Sclerotinia stem rot in 2010

• Late infection recorded intoLate infection recorded into June

S l ti i i f ti f d• Sclerotinia infection found after some single fungicide sprays

• Two spray programmes worked well at high risk sitesworked well at high risk sites

TreatedUntreated

SkleroPro infection model – Koch et al. 2006

• Minimum requirements for infection:Minimum requirements for infection:

7ºC and 80% RH for 23hr

• Potential decision making tool

• Identifies infection events in England

l9

l9 Enlarge the reference for Koch and give longer explanation of SkleroPro and how it is not a tool that growers can easily uselaurat, 12/01/2011

Fungicide persistence 3 weeks – needed 2 g psprays in 2010

35

30

35

Sklero Pro infection events

20

25

all (

mm

)

10

15

Rai

nfa

AFD

0

5

01-Apr 08-Apr 15-Apr 22-Apr 29-Apr 06-May 13-May 20-May 27-May 03-Jun 10-Jun

Sclerotinia surveys WOSR England 1986-2010 –y glow in 2010

CropMonitor data7

CropMonitor data

5

6

4

5

affe

cted

2

3

% p

lant

s

1

2

0

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

l6

l6 Crop Monitor logolaurat, 12/01/2011

S l ti i i id (% l t )

Region 2007 2008 2009 2010

Sclerotinia incidence (% plants)

gEast 1.9 7.9 0.1 1.3

M & W 2 5 2 0 0 9 0 3M & W 2.5 2.0 0.9 0.3

North 1.6 3.4 0.2 0.2

South East 6.5 6.8 1.8 0

South West 34.7 7.6 0.4 0.9

Mean 5 7 6 2 0 5 0 7Mean 5.7 6.2 0.5 0.7

l7

l7 Crop Monitor logolaurat, 12/01/2011

S fSclerotinia fungicide trial – spray dates 2010

• Hereford cv DK CabernetHereford cv DK Cabernet

Sprayed 13 May GS 4,5

• Essex cv Vision

Sprayed 5 May GS 4,5

Products stretched in 2010 by late flowering i f ti ( l J )

HGCA Fungicide Performance: sclerotinia control Hereford 2010

infection (early June)

40

50

LSD = 5.3

30

40

ecte

d

20

% p

lant

s af

fe Untreated0.51

10

0Amistar Compass Filan Galileo Proline Prosaro Topsin

Responses c. 1 t/ha from all products, Hereford

HGCA Fungicide Performance: yield responses to sclerorinia control Hereford 2010

2010

HGCA Fungicide Performance: yield responses to sclerorinia control Hereford 2010

6

LSD = 0.32

5

5.5

4.5

Yiel

d (t/

ha)

Untreated0.51

3.5

4

3Amistar Compass Filan Galileo Proline Prosaro Topsin

Untreated sclerotinia incidence and yield response to control

y = 0.0252x + 0.05452.5

3

y 0.0252x 0.0545R2 = 0.84

1.5

2

onse

(t/h

a)

0.5

1

Yiel

d re

spo

-0.5

00 20 40 60 80 100

% sclerotinia% sclerotinia

(data taken from 3 products at full dose from HGCA-funded Fungicide Performance trials 2006 - 2010)

Action points on sclerotinia control

• Higher risk for next few yearsHigher risk for next few years

• Sclerotinia control usually justifies high doses

• Spray timing is critical

• Protectant activity for 3 weeks

• Consider 2-spray programmes for high risk sitesConsider 2 spray programmes for high risk sites

Fungicide Performance in Wheat 2010 -2011

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