tiiJUNE 26.21315 H5 Hi31' e v v frontie rsOv e r a pe riod of e ightde ca de s, the Ta ta Institute of Socia l Scie nce sha s e me rge d a s a n institution of e xce lle nce with its focus onhigh-qua lity re se a rch a nd socia lly significa ntinte rv e ntionsERG TLITowa rds ne w frontie rsOv e r a pe riod of e ightde ca de s, the Ta ta Institute of Socia l Scie nce sha s e me rge d a s a n institution of e xce lle nce with its focus onhigh-qua lity re se a rch a nd socia lly significa ntinte rv e ntionsJinda l School of Inte rna tiona l A ffa irsIndia 's F irstGlob a l P olicy School .= QGiob d curriculum a nd pe da gogyP a rtne rships with the b e ste duca tiona l e sta b lishme nts a roundthe glob einte rdisciplina ry course s to tra in stude nts in e rne rghg a re a s of 'glob a l policystudie sMa nda tory inte rnship e nd fore ign la ngua ge tra iningExte nsiv e ca re e rguide nceBA . ( Hons ) ( GA ) is e thre e -ye a r progra mme itis a n inte r-die cipllne ry unde rgra dua te de gre e to tra in a tude nta forlnte me llone ica re e rsthroughb a sicle a rnlnglnworida lfa irs.A ca de mic Course Structure 6 Se me e te rs with lnte me hlpa e rla ta nd2ndye a reSpe cia lisa tion in re giona l studie s of A frica La tin A me rica ,Europe Middle Ee e t&A e ie P a cificOptlona |progre e e lontoMA ( DLB) a ie r3ye a raEa riya ta rtforca re e rsindipiorne cyltinta ma tioria lorga nisa tions" ,l ,,-,_ { ',: '_ ," _ ,," ',,,i'; " ,,} ',," ,} ' A DMISSIONS A NNOUNCEMENT 2015-16 i" "O P . Jinda l Glob a l Univ e rsity la a non-profituniv e rsity re cognise d b y the Univ e rsity Gra nte Commission ( UGO) a nde sta b lishe d b y the I-le rya na P riv a te Univ e rsitie s ( Se cond A me ndme nt) A ct, 2009, in Sonipa t, l-la rya ne ( NCR of De lhi)Distinctiv e F e a ture s of Jlnda l School of inte rna tiona l A ffa irs ( JSIA ) Flnte ma iiona l studie s lib ra ry with ov e r 50.000 v olume s e nde xde nslv e e le ctronic da ta b a se sinte ma iiona istude nta nd te ouity e xcha nge progra mme sRe gula r pub lic le cture se rie s a nd se mina rs e nga ging e mine ntschola rs. gov e mme ntre pre se nta tiv e s a nd pra ctitione rs froma roundtne worldF ully wire le ss ca mpus with high-te ch cla ssrooms a nd mode mlra llsof re side nceMa ste r of A rts ( Diploma q, La w & Busine ss)MA . ( DLB) in e two-ye a r inte r-disciplina ry socia l scie nceMe e te re de gre e tha ttra ine surde nte torlnte me tiona ice re e rea nd a dv a nce d te e ming inworide ffa ire . ltwa sle unche d inlhe ye e r2011.P rogra mme Mode s: Monda y to F rida y ( Re side ntia l) a ndSa turda y-Sunda y ( Non-Re side ntia l) for workingprofe ssiona lsofNCRDe lhlA ca de mic Course Structure : 4 Se me e te re . 4 Core Coure e ea nda noptiontochooe e e ie ctiv e sfromta w,Bue ine e s,inte rna ilone ile lra , P ub lic P olicya nd Huma nitie sOptiona lprogre e e iontoP hDa e r2ye a reca re e rs. Ca re e rb ire ctor a ce ta te stude nts infinding the rightinte ra hipe b oth in the countrya nd a b roa dSa mple of lnte rne hlpe : A otiona id, Sa v e the Childre n. CNN-IBN, Croce Doma in, Huma n Rights Wa tch, Oxfa rn, IDSA , A mne styInte rna tiona l, Ga te wa yhouse , UNDP , A re b Institute forse curity Studie s-Jorda n, Ope n Socie tyF ounda tionSa mple Employe rs of J8lA A lumnl: Ta ylor ll F ra ncis, De lhiP olicy School, Koa n A dv isory Se rv ice s, P olish Institute , Bhe rtl instituteof P ub lic P olcy~lSB, IP 08. Me ta -Ouilure , CUTS lnte me tlone i, WWF , Re dR Indie , P RIA . Emb a ssy of P e ru, Doctors for Y ou, King:Colle ge -London ( P hD P rogra mme ) . One World F ounde on ( Indie ) , Hindusta n Tlrne eF ore ign La ngua ge Tra ining: Stude nts ha v e the option to ohooe e frorn Ma nda rin Chine se , F re nch, Spa nish a ndA ra b icRe e e e rch: 8 re se e rctrce nte rsre te re fe ctrlty-le da ndstude nt-driv e nSe rne e te rrroe d Opportunitle uwe he v e e tra drre cordoistude ntsgolnga b roe dfore orche nge e e we lie e hriifore igne e oondBa che iors&e e condMe e te ra de gre e aBa che lor of A rts ( Hons.l [Glob a l A ffa irs)Ow to A pply: P le a se v isithttp: lIwww.jsia .e du.inla dmission for a dmission proce dure\.VOLUME32 NUMBER12 JUNE13-26.2015 |S5NO970-1710WWW.F RON1'LINE.lNconrnov snsv cov sn sronvRe de ning socia l scie nce sThrough cre a tiv e pa rtne rships a nd me -ticulous re se a rch, the TISS trie s to closethe ga ps in sta te inte rv e ntion to a ddre sssocia l de priv a tions a nd suffe rings. 10i|T Ma dra s:De re cognising disse ntCOM MUNA LISMHa rya na : A rson a tA ta li182! SOCIA L ISSUESRa ja stha n: Murde r for la ndMa ha ra shtra : Risingcrime s a ga instDa litsinte rv ie w:A na nd Te ltumb de ,civ il rights a ctiv ist273032P O LITICSTa mil Na du:One -side d conte stA sse ts ca se : Ka rna ta ka toa ppe a l a ga insta cquitta lKe jriwa l ta ke s onLtGov e rnor in De lhi343638T H E STA T E STe la nga na : One ye a r onInte rv ie w: Chie f Ministe rK. Cha ndra she kha r Ra o4143THE JUOICIA RYOn ha v ing ima ge s ofle a de rs in a dv e rtisme nts 47WORLD A F F A IRSRohingya re fuge e s:Nowhe re pe opleIra q: F a ll of Ra ma diUnite d Kingdom:Wa rning a ga instthe ISISRELA TED STORIESInte rv ie w: S. P a ra sura ma n, Dire ctor,Ta ta Institute of Socia l Scie nce s I.A ge nts of cha nge 10Inte rv ie w: S. Ra ma dora i, Cha irma n,Gov e rning Boa rd, TISS 12Loca l thrust1! .Inte rv ie w: R. Ra ma kuma r, De a n,School of De v e lopme ntStudie s 175156 On the Cov e rA re pre se nta tion of the e mb le m oithe Ti55.ESSA YSa ngh P a riv a r a ndA mb e dka rs le ga cy 61TRA VELA frica 's a rk, the Ngorongorocra te r in Ta nza nia 67T RIB U T EB.B. King:He wa s the b lue s 91A RTRiya s Komu's show:Expe rime nts with truth 95In conv e rsa tion 98E UT H A NA SIAA runa Sha nb a ug:Be twe e n life a nd de a th 105A NIMA L HUSBA NDRYKa rna ta ka :The hounds of Mudhol 116ISSUES IN F OCUSHa shimpura v ictims:Le fthigh a nd dry 117C 0 L U M NC.P . Cha ndra se kha r:Gre a tdre a m of prospe rity A 9Ja ya tiGhosh: Orche strain se a rch of a conductor 101K. Sa tchida na nda n:Of Da litlife a nd re sista nce 109SCIENCE NOTEBOOK 120DA TA CA RD 122THIS F ORTNIGI-IT 124BOOKS 83LETTERS 12959 ll]'\/Lil lJl: '_ ~I'_ j~N U. iJi_ 'ii-VA .: i~A i\-\.iii~iA ir Surcha rge :Colomb o - Rs 20 D0 a ndP ortBla ir - Rs 15.00F or sub scription que rie s a nd de liv e ry re la te d issue s Conta ct: P a n-lndia Toll F re e No: 1800 3000 1878 or custome rca re @the hindu.co.inDb c llc He a de rs a re re qnste dio v e niylime iia a pprcpna m e rmrnns to sa lslyle rrrse lv e s a b ortthe v e ra cly d a n a d-ie ie a ne rr b e fore re sporrdng to a nyilib lshsd l this ma ga zine . Ka e tm 5 Sore unra te d, ne b ishe r A Orrrre r oithema ga zine . doe s re l rouch In the a utha niuy oia ny a riv e oise rne nior a dv e mse rorfor a ny oilire rme me e rs pre dicts e ndor se rv ice s in no OW ca r the De m.P miia ire r, P nrle r. Edtor. Dire cb ris, Employe e s ol his ma ga ziwoompe nf b e he ldre spore trie ie b ie n a rr; ma nne r wte sone r for a ny dorms Iidior da rrra gos fora dv mise rne rls n iris nuga zine ,P ub lishe d b y N RA M, Ka stun Buildings, B5? B. Be l], A nna Sa la i_ Che nna i-BUD Oi]? a nd P rinte d b y F F ia nga Ra ddy a tKa la Jyottn P roce ssP riv a te L|m|te d,5ul'Wt1 No l85, Kunda pur, F la nge R9dtly District-SOEI 1! 3,A nuhr.1 P ra de sh on b e ha tl oilta slurr A Sons. Ltd , Crrr_ -nnnr-MJOOO2EDITOR: R VIJA VA SA NKA RlEd1lnr re sponsib le low or-lr.-clron or ne ws unde r lhc P R8 A : ll A ll right-. re se rv e d Rt-pr od uclron ll1 whole or l portW|" \0ulWf|l1 n pe r mission IS prch rb ile d.e -ma il; |TOlliI1E( |r the h|ndu.co.inF ronllrne is notre sponsib le for the conte ntul e xte rna l Inte rna l silos.JLiNE26,20l5 - F RUNTLINE 3COVER STORYI{ EDEI*II\IINGSOCIA L SCIENCESInte 1'\~1'e w with S. P z11'z1su1'; 11m111, Dire ctor of the Ta ta Institute 01" Socia lSCiG11CGS. e r R.K. RA IJHA KRISHNA NE-_ _ _ -0 ~ '| ._ " .S. P A RA SURA MA N, Dire ctor, TISS: " Socia l scie nce re se a rch is funda me nta l to pe a ce , solida rity a nd na tiona l se curity."I-'RIl.\" ll.l\'l'l .Il \l~1lr\,1Hl5 LThe Ta ta Institute of Socia l Scie nce s ( TISS) sta rte doutin 1936 a s the rstSouth A sia n institution for profe s-siona l socia l work e duca tion. In the pa stde ca de , itha sde v e lope d a s a n institution committe d to socia l scie nce se duca tion, re se a rch, e ld a ction a nd disa ste r ma na ge -me nt. A s its Dire ctor S. P a ra sura ma n sa ys in this in-te rv ie w, socia l scie nce is a b outshowing us the mirror.In a div e rse country with a popula tion of 1.2 b illion, a nune v e n ye tspe cta cula r e conomic progre ss a nd ra pid so-cia l cha nge s, the TISS ha s ma de itse lf de e ply re le v a ntb yits re se a rch into socia l proce sse s a nd pa tte rns of de priv a -tion a nd its que stfor solutions through knowle dge a nddire ctinte rv e ntion a tthe community le v e l.A ddre ssing the 75th A nnua l Conv oca tion of the TISSon Ma y 12, N. Ra m, Cha irma n of Ka sturia nd SonsLimite d, sa id: One of the cha ra cte ristics ofIndia 's sys-te m of highe r e duca tion... is its lop-side d conce ntra tionon e ngine e ring a nd te chnologica l e duca tion a tthe e x-pe nse of the b a sic scie nce s a nd, in a more pronounce dwa y, a tthe e xpe nse of the a rts, huma nitie s, a nd socia lscie nce s, which a re ofte n tre a te d a s so sub -je cts." The TISS ha s b e e n one of the fe wma jor e duca tiona l institutions tha tha v e fagone some wa y in a ddre ssing this imb a l-a nce . S. P a ra sura ma n sa ys in the inte rv ie wtha titis importa ntto unde rsta nd socia lproce sse s: If we do notunde rsta nd the so-cia l proce sse s, we will notb e a b le to a ntici-pa te a nd cope with strife s a nd conicttha tincre a singly e me rge from disa ffe ction. Inre ce ntye a rs, the TISS ha s comb ine d itsstrong re se a rch thrustwith pra ctica l e ld a ction a nd ha se nte re d into fruitful colla b ora tions with orga nisa tionstrying to ma ke a diffe re nce in situa tions of disa ste r,de priv a tion a nd e conomic a nd socia l b a ckwa rdne ss. Notthe le a stof the TISS a chie v e me nts ha s b e e n to produce ,ye a r a fte r ye a r, de dica te d socia l work profe ssiona ls whoa re willing to a cce ptthe cha lle nge of working in the mostdifficultcircumsta nce s in the mostb a ckwa rd districts ofthe country.In the de ca de tha tP rofe ssor S. P a ra sura ma n ha s b e e nits Dire ctor, he ha s re se tthe course of the institution,re inforcing its commitme ntto issue s ofsocia l justice a ndpov e rty a lle v ia tion. This pe riod ha s se e n the e xpa nsion ofthe TISS to v e ca mpuse s, includingthe one s in Guwa .ha -tia nd Hyde ra b a d; a n incre a se in the numb e r of a ca de micprogra mme s, from a fe wcourse s to a b out54- now; gre a te ropportunitie s in socia l work e duca tion; a nd importa ntcolla b ora tions with non-gov e rnme nta l orga nisa tions( NGOs) such a s the Me nta l He a lth A ction Trust( MI-IA T) in Ke ra la a nd The Ba nya n in Che nna i. Toda y,the TISS work cov e rs communitie s ra nging from thoseliv ing in the cold de se rts of La da kh to trib a l pe ople in there mote Nicob a r Isla nds. In a wide ra nging inte rv ie w,P a ra sura ma n, who ste e re d the tra nsforma tion in socia lwork e duca tion, re se a rch a nd a pplie d work in India , te llsF rontline tha tmuch more ne e ds to b e done .irf wHow ca n socia l work e duca tion contrib ute to solutionsa s-15,4TISSfor e me rging socia l a nd he a lth prob le ms inlndia a ge ing, socia l dista nce , me nta l illne ss, disa b ility,home le ssne ss, migra tion, displa ce me nt, inclusiv ede v e lopme nt, a nd so on? How ha s the TISS contrib ute dto this a im from a re se a rch pe rspe ctiv e ?P e ople liv e in v a rious socia l, e conomic a nd politica lconte xts. De mogra phic a nd e conomic cha nge s a re notthe sa me e v e rywhe re . Itis importa nt, the re fore , to unde r-sta nd the conte xt rsta nd the n loca te pe ople within theconte xt. Only the n do we b e gin to unde rsta nd wha tha ppe ns to v a rious groups of pe ople who a re e mb e dde din div e rse conte xts. We ta ke re se a rch v e ry se riously. Itisonly through good re se a rch tha twe ca n contrib ute tocritica l issue s in the 21stce ntuIysuch a s pov e rty, v ul-ne ra b ility a nd huma n rights. Ofte n, ide ntifying who isv ulne ra b le ca n b e a conte ste d issue , v ulne ra b ility b e ing amultidime nsiona l conce pt. F or e xa mple , b e ing a Da lita nd a woma n in a n e cologica lly fra gile re gion is a re la -tiv e ly more v ulne ra b le situa tion compa re d with b e ing ama n in b e tte r-de v e lope d a re a s.Ha v ing done the re se a rch, one looks a twa ys of a ddre ssing the core issue s. Curre nt-ly, we a re working on the issue s of e lde rlype ople . So we ha v e joine d ha nds withgroupsworking with the e lde rly a cross the country.A n e xa mple is our colla b ora tion with theP e nsion P a risha d, with whom we ha v e con-ducte d re se a rch on the condition of e lde rlype ople in v a rious pa rts of the country. Wea re a knowle dge -de v e lopme ntinstitutiontha tprov ide s a ca de mic cre dib ility to colla b -ora tiv e re se a rch, which ultima te ly le a ds to socia lly use ilpolicie s a nd inte rv e ntions.Our work with the gov e rnme ntis a lwa ys v e ry impor-ta nt. We a re working with the ne w gov e rnme nt[a ttheCe ntre ]. The re ha s b e e n some succe ss, such a s in thee me rge ntprogra mme s for the e lde rly in Ra ja stha n. Ra -ja stha n ha s de v e lope d a highe r le v e l of we lfa re pe nsiona nd is thithe r b ringing the e lde rly in the a mb itof a llwe lfa re sche me s me a ntfor childre n.F or insta nce , the e lde rly ca n now a v a il the mse lv e s ofthe midda y me a l progra mme . Since the y a re conside re dto b e b e low the pov e rty line , the y a re a lso e ligib le forprov isions unde r the P DS [pub lic distrib ution syste m].This is a shining e xa mple from Ra ja stha n which othe rSta te s ca n e mula te .Le tus ta ke the e xa mple ofthe e lde rlya ga in to de mon-stra te how we work on multiple dime nsions, for whichre se a rch se rv e s a s a sta rting point. In this ca se , a tonele v e l we a re working to cre a te a we lfa re pe nsion pro-gra mme , a ta nothe r we a re working for cre a ting im-prov e d ca re for e lde rly pe ople through our v oca tiona le duca tion progra mme on ge rontology. The course b ringstoge the r b oth clinica l a nd community ca re compone nts.The la tte r is e spe cia lly importa ntin the conte xtof migra -tion a nd pov e rtywhe n childre n mov e a wa y, the e lde rlya re le ftb e hind. Note v e ryone ca n a fford indiv idua l ca re .So we a re de monstra ting a mode l of community ca re inKe ra la .5)Qsa untna DY F RONTLINF . - JUNE 2n. 2015O-_ \l5 7,TISS HY DERA BA D STUDENTS a tthe ir conv oca tion.we e k of June : the Union Ministry of Huma n Re sourceDe v e lopme ntde cide d to re le a se lnds to the institutea fte r e ffe cting a 5 pe r ce ntcutin its a nnua l a lloca tion. In2013-14-, the TISS re ce iv e d a tota l ofRs.50 crore 'om theUGC. The Ministry wa nts to re duce gov e rnme ntfundingto 50 pe r ce nt. The crux is the gov e rnme nt's b linke re dv ie w on e nsuring complia nce with 12B rule s of the Uni-v e rsity Gra nts Commission A ctof 2015-16, which la ysdown the crite ria on which a univ e rsity or a colle ge ca nre ce iv e gov e rnme ntfunding. The Economic Time s ha d rstre porte d on the issue in la te Ma ythis ye a r. The TISSha s b e e n in the grip ofa na ncia l crunch a fte r the HRDMinistry a nd the UGC fra me d a ne w policy for fundingde e me d univ e rsitie s a nd chose to withhold funds. TheTISS ha d to ge tb a nk loa ns in Ma rch a nd A pril a nd dipinto re se rv e se sse ntia lly funds ge ne ra te d through con-sulta ncy workto pa y sa la rie s a nd ke e p the instituterunning," the pa pe r sa id.The TISS ca mpus, ina ugura te d b y P rime Ministe r.Ia wa ha rla l Ne hru, ha s b e e n a fully gov e rnme nt mde dinstitution since 1964-, whe n itwa s de cla re d a de e me duniv e rsity.P a ra sura ma n sa ys tha tthe institute e xpa nde d de spitethe na ncia l constra ints. The 2014-15 A nnua l Re portnote s tha tthe socia l se ctor ha d e xpa nde d in the la stde ca de with Ce ntra l a nd Sta te gov e rnme ntfunding. But,itis unfortuna te tha torga nisa tions a nd indiv idua ls withinue nce a nd ca pita l do notse e Socia l Scie nce e duca tiona nd huma n de v e lopme nta s a priority.... Our ta sk ha sb e e n v e ry di iculta nd conside ra b le e ffortha s b e e n de -v ote d to motiv a ting the Sta te to profe ssiona lise the socia lprote ction se ctor, ope n up e mployme ntopportunitie s forgra dua te s with de gre e s in inte rdisciplina rya re a s ofsocia lJ4.'.< t-1.- ll~ uv ti 'r'i'>i~\' ,z ) _l., -* '.scie nce s, a nd se cure funds for e xpa nding re se a rch, ita dds.The TISS s e xpa nsion unde r P a ra sura ma n ha s b e e ndra ma tic a nd ha s signi ca ntly impa cte d the socia l se ctorin India unlike a ny single institution in the country fromthe time of inde pe nde nce . Susta ining this ra te of growth,e nsuring qua lity of work a nd re ma ining re le v a ntin afa st-cha nging world will b e the ma in cha lle nge s for theTISS a tone le v e l. A ta nothe r le v e l, the que stion of fund-ing re ma ins. Ev e n though mostpe ople in the City ofMa ximum Gre e d look the othe r wa y, a fe w show upunfa ilingly to supportthe TI SS, ne v e r mind tha tthe y a renotfrom Mumb a i. Some , like Ra ma dora i, a n optimist,b e lie v e tha tthe CSR funds from corpora te s will b e a ne wsource for TISS socia l a ction proje cts, if notfor the TISSitse lf.A lotnow de pe nds on how a utonomous the TISSre ma ins. ltha s a Gov e rning Boa rd, which is he a de d b ya nd ha s signi ca ntre pre se nta tion from the Ta ta Trust( toge the r with re pre se nta tiv e s of the Union Ministry ofHuma n Re source De v e lopme nta nd re pre se nta tiv e s ofthe Sta te gov e rnme nt) . The Dire ctor of the TISS is se le ct-e d b ythe b oa rd a ite r a n e la b ora te proce ss, a nd the se le ct-e d ca ndida te is a ppointe d b y the UGC.The TISS is a de e me d univ e rsity funde d b y the UGC.Ne v e rthe le ss, itha s innov a tiv e ly use d the spa ce a v a ila b leto itto a chie v e a gre a tde a l, with the supportof the Ta taTrust. Buta s the TISS ste ps outinto the une xplore dte rra in of a multi-ca mpus univ e rsity which works withunconv e ntiona l b utprov e n NGOs a nd a v a rie ty of othe rsta ke holde rs, itne e ds more a utonomy a nd inde pe nd-e nce , which ca n only come with the forma l re cognition ofita s a n institution of na tiona l importa nce . ElF RON'l'l.|NF . - JUNE Bo, lli16Molding the ory with pra cticeInte rv ie w with R. Ra ma kuma r, De a n, School of De v e lopme ntStudie s, TISS.P ROF ESSOR R. Ra ma kuma r, one of the younge stprofe ssors a tthe Ta ta Institute of Socia l Scie nce s,re ce ntly took cha rge a s De a n, School of De v e lopme ntStudie s. A n a gricultura l e conomist, he wa s inv ite d tothe TISS b y its Dire ctor, S. P a ra sura ma n. Ra ma ku-ma r s work on microcre dit, rura l pov e rty a nd a gricul-tura l worke rs is a mong the mostquote d schola rlyworks in India . In conv e rsa tion with F rmztline :In de v e lopme ntstudie s, is the re a n undue e mpha sison rura l de priv a tion a s compa re d with urb a nde priv a tion?We ll, ifyou a sk ittha twa y, I'd sa y in a country likeIndia itwould b e a na tura l b ia s a nd nota n a rti cia lb ia s. Be ca use you ha v e the ma jority of pe ople liv ing inthe rura l a re a s, a nd b e ca use rura l pov e rty is muchhighe r tha n urb a n pov e rty, you would na tura llye xpe ctin a course like de v e lopme ntstudie s a b ia s of tha tna ture to come in. I d sa y itis ine v ita b le .Butto the ne a r-e xclusion of urb a n de priv a tion?Tha tis nottrue b e ca use we ha v e course s on urb a nstudie s a nd urb a n de v e lopme nt. Itis nottha turb a nde v e lopme ntis ne gle cte d, b utI d sa y e v e ry sub je ctha sscope to furthe r improv e itse lf. Wha twe ha v e done inde v e lopme ntstudie s is tha tstude nts ca n a ctua lly gooutof the school a nd ta ke course s. We a re the onlyschool tha ta llows e v e ry stude ntto ta ke four cre ditsoutside the school. We a re ope n to things like tha t. Itisa lso pa rtly b e ca use we don tha v e the e xpe rtise . Wene e d fa culty to te a ch a s we ll. So I'd a dmittha tmightb e pa rtof the re a son why tha tkind of impre ssion iscre a te d. P rob a b ly b e ca use lotof our v isib le writingsa re a lso a b outrura l a re a s. Tha tis a lso the re . Itisinte re sting tha tyou a ske d me tha tque stion. Itse ts methinking a b outit.The inte rpla y b e twe e n the ory a nd pra ctice a nd thewa y things ha v e b e e n going on now a tthe TlSSthepa ce of e xpa nsion of the pla ce is so fa st. Do you fe e lthe sa me pre ssure in de v e lopme ntstudie s?No. A ctua lly we ha v e ta ke n ca re notto grow a tthera te tha tthe TISS is growing. In the se nse tha t... ourschool offe rs only two M_ A . progra mme s whe re a sma ny schools offe r much more with sma lle r fa culty.We ha v e ha d sugge stions in the pa st, we still ha v esugge stions on wha tprogra mme s to a dd. Butwe ha v eto b e ca re ful. We do notwa ntto sta rtone for the sa keof it. Once we a re conv ince d a b outit, once we ha v e aconcre te conce ptnote in frontof us, once we ha v e thefa culty who ca n a ctua lly te a ch it.... We ha v e , for in-R. RA HA KUMA R.sta nce , one sugge stion tha tis in frontof us, some thingre la ting to pub lic policy. Tha tis a sugge stion tha tis onour ta b le . We a re b e ginning to discuss tha tproposa l.Ma yb e in two or thre e ye a rs, some thing will ha ppe n. Ifa ta ll some thing ha ppe ns, itwill ha ppe n on tha tfront.The coe xiste nce of the ory a nd pra ctice in a lmostthesa me footing in the TISS is ra the r unique in a n India na ca de mic se tting. Ba sica lly, univ e rsitie s a resuppose d to do the ory ra the r tha n pra ctice . The TISSdoe s b oth. How e a sy or di icultis tha t?Itis nota que stion of e a sy or difficult. Tha t s thewa y to go. Ev e n if it's difficulttha t's the wa y uni-v e rsitie s should try. In fa ct, a b out20 ye a rs b a ck, theTISS wa s known a s a pla ce with v e ry little the orya nd awhole lotof pra ctice . The n, the ory ca me in; de v e l-opme ntstudie s, for insta nce . We te a ch wha tca pita l-ism is. We te a ch stude nts de v e lopme nta nd itsthe ore tica l constructs a nd a tthe sa me time we a lsoa llow stude nts to go for inte mships, e ld work, whicha llows the m to te stsome ofthe the orie s tha tthe y ha v ele a rnton the e ld. The re a re ma ny pe ople , who in cla sssa y, wha t's the pointofthe ory it's a b outdoing itin the e ld . Butin going to the e ld the y miss the la rge rpicture [ifthe y a re notstrong on the ory]. Ifthe la rge rpicture wa s fa ctore d into the ir a na lysis, the y wouldha v e b e e n b e tte r informe d. I a m notsa ying tha tthe reha s to b e a b a la nce . I think the ory re inforce s pra ctice ,pra ctice re inforce s the ory, a nd the re is no rigid com-pa rtme nta lisa tion of the ory a nd pra ctice .R.K. Ra dha kv tklzna nF RUNTLINF . - JUNE lo, 20CQ NTBOVERSYDe re cognisingdisse ntControv e rsy ra ge s ov e r the de cision of the De a n of India n Institute ofTe chnology Ma dra s to dcrccognisc u stude ntgroup. the A mhcdlsa rP e i-i_ \'a r Study Circle , a lle ge dly for its a nti-Modia nd a nti-Hindutv aVIEWS. BY ILA NGOVA II RA JA SEKA RA NTHE ma na ge me ntof India n In-stitute ofTe chnology Ma dra s ( I ITM)ha s found itse lf a tthe ce ntre of ara ging controv e rsy following its uni-la te ra l de cision to de re cognise oneofthe stude ntgroups of the institute ,the A mb e dka r P e riya r Study Circle( A P SC) , a lle ge dly for its a nti-Na re n-dra Modia nd a nti-Hindutv a v ie ws.A ma il from the De a n ofStude nts( DoSt) ofIITM, Siv a kuma r M. Srini-v a sa n, on Ma y 22 de re cognise d" thestudy circle a fte r re ce iv ing a commu-niqu from the Union Ministry ofHuma n Re source De v e lopme nt( MHRD) , which ha d re ce iv e d a na nonymous compla intin this re ga rd.The re a son cite d: Misusing the priv -ile ge s giv e n to stude nts b y orga nis-ing me e tings a nd issuing pa mphle tstha tspre a d ha tre d a ga instthe pre -se ntdispe nsa tion a nd its policie s.The study circle , a s its me mb e rscla im, ha s a ga insthe a v y odds ma n-a ge d to cre a te some spa ce " for II-Tia ns to ta lk a b outsocia lly-re le v a ntissue s such a s ca ste a nd re ligion onthe Che nna ica mpus, which, a ccord-ing to ma ny stude nts tha tF rontlinespoke to, is a dministe re d with a rig-idity uncha ra cte ristic of a n institu-tion ofhighe r le a rning.The De a n told the stude ntme m-b e rs in a one -to-one inte ra ction tha tthe study circle wa s found to ha v eb e e n e nga ging in controv e rsia l a c-tiv itie s since its forma tion la stye a r( on A pril 14.~, 2014-) , thus v iola ting thecode of conductinde pe nde ntstu-de ntb odie s on the ca mpus shoulda dhe re to. He insiste d tha tits me m-b e rs re mov e the na me s of b oth DrB.R. A mb e dka r a nd P e riya r E.V. Ra -ma sa my from the orga nisa tion s ti-tle , a s the se na me s, he cla ime d,pola rise the stude nts on ca ste line s" .F urthe r, he re porte dly a ske dthe m to giv e a n a ssura nce tha tthe ywould de sistfrom a ny a ctiv itie s tha twe re conside re d inimica ] to the pol-icyof the IIT ma na ge me nta nd routethe ir a ctiv itie s through his a dminis-tra tiv e of oe inste a d of the usua lpra ctice of inte ra cting with the fa cul-ty a dv ise r, who, a s pe r norms, se rv e sa s the b ridge b e twe e n inde pe nde ntstude ntgroups a nd the ma na ge -me nt, e spe cia lly in ma tte rs re la tingto non-a ca de mic spa ce .This unila te ra l a ction a ga instthe circle is unpre ce de nte d a nd weha v e ne v e r he a rd of such things ona ny othe r highe r e duca tion ca mpus,"sa id A khil Bha ra tha n, a n a ctiv eme mb e r of the studycircle a nd a stu-de ntof the De pa rtme ntof Huma n-itie s a nd Socia l Scie nce s. Ca n ate chnocra tor a scie ntistb e a whole -some productwithoutha v ing a nyso-cia l re sponsib ility?" he a ske d.Wha tsurprise d him a nd his fe l-low stude nts mostwa s the wa y theIIT ma na ge me ntha ndle d the se nsi-tiv e issue . Tha tthe se stringe ntre gu-la tions a re nota pplica b le to othe rstude ntgroups such a s the Viv e ka -na nda Study Circle , which is stri-de ntly promoting right-wingide ologie s, spe a ks v olume s a b outthesta rk pa rtisa n a ttitude of the IITma na ge me nt, sa id a postgra dua testude nt. No wonde r, a s a stude nta c-tiv istpointe d out, tha tVina ya ga rCha thurthiproce ssions we re orga -nise d on the ca mpus.The stude nts re je cte d the le tte routrighta s the ma na ge me ntwa s un-a b le to prov ide the m conv incing re a -sons for the de re cognition. IITMconside re d the A P SC a ctiv itie s ab re a ch of guide line s only a fte r thele tte r itre ce iv e d from the MHRD.The De a n wa s we ll a wa re of the a c-tiv itie s. The A P SC is inv olv e d in thedisse mina tion of informa tion onca ste a nd ca ste -b a se d discrimina tionb e ca use ca ste still pla ys a powe rfulrole in a n indiv idua ls a cce ss to e du-ca tion. P owe rful socia l b a rrie rs stille xistb e ca use of the e xclusiona rypre ssure s e xe rte d b y the domina ntgroup, sa id IIT re se a rch schola r A d-itya Na ra ya na n.The pre se ntrow ha s more to ittha n me e ts the e ye . In fa ct, the A P SCha s e me rge d a s a Spe cia l P urposeVe hicle ( SP V) for those who wish tota ke up socia l a nd politica l issue sF RONTLINF . - .lUNF .2h.l0l518II ' 1t- -51! !: 15 T U D E N T 5 0 F IIT Ma dra s re a ding BR. A mb e dka rs " A nnihila tion of Ca ste "in prote sta ga instthe de re cognition of the A rnb e dka r P e riya r Study Circle inthe institute on June 3.tha tha v e notb e e n ra ise d in pub lic onthe spra wling 100-he cta re he a v ilywoode d ca mpus for long. The solea v e nue ofcommunica tion for the lib -cra l minds ha s b e e n socia l me dia .The se stude nts use itto the ir fulla dv a nta ge to spre a d the ir ide a s a ndorga nise a ctiv itie s a round the m a ndto inte ra ctwith the outside world. Infa ct, the stude nts a nd the fa culty ofIITM we re ta ke n b y surprise b y theinte nsity tha tthe pre se ntcontrov e r-sy ha s a ssume d in the na tiona l me diaa nd the de b a te tha titha s ge ne ra te da mid a ca de mics a nd schola rs.The IITM ma na ge me ntha s, forlong, b e e n pe rce iv e d a s impe rv iousto the de v e lopme nts tha ta re ta kingpla ce in the socia l, cultura l a nd polit-ica l sphe re s outside the institute swa lls. He nce , the cha rge tha tthe IITha ndle d the controv e rsy clumsily isnote ntire ly wrong. We , in gov e rn-me ntcolle ge s, de a l with more se ri-ous a nd se nsitiv e issue s tha n this on ada y-to-da y b a sis," sa id the P rincipa lof a Gov e rnme ntA rts a nd Scie nceColle ge in Che nna i.DISCUSSIONS ON ISSUESThe prob le m ca n b e tra ce d to theA P SC's A mb e dka r b irth a nniv e rsa ryce le b ra tions which coincide d with its rsta nniv e rsa ry ce le b ra tions, onA pril 14- this ye a r. Itorga nise d a ta lkon the Conte mpora ry re le v a nce ofDr A nib e dka r b y P rof. Dr R. Viv e ka -na nda Gopa l, Dra v idia n Univ e rsity,Kuppa m, on the ca mpus, in which here porte dly ma de ce rta in re fe re nce sto the Hindutv a a ge nda a nd the a n-ti-pe ople a nd a ntila b our gov e rn-me ntof Na re ndra Modi" . Muche a rlie r to this, we ha d a lso orga nise ddiscussions on the importa ntissue sre la ting to the la nd a cquisition Bill,la b our la ws, the b a n on b e e f e a ting,cow sla ughte r a nd gha r wa psi,pointe d outA khil. Itis in this linetha tthe stude nts orga nise d theme e ting on A mb e dka r too.Butsince the n the y ha v e b e e nke ptunde r wa tch. F or the stude ntcoordina tors, the A pril 14- pro-gra mme looke d like ye ta nothe re v e ntof the type the y ha d orga nise din the pa stone ye a r, until the com-muniqu from P risca Ma the w, Un-de r Se cre ta ry, De pa rtme ntofHighe rEduca tion ofthe MHRD, da te d Ma y21, to the IITM Dire ctor se e kingcomme nts of the Institute on thedistrib ution of poste rs a nd pa m-phle ts on the ca mpus of IIT Ma dra son A pril 13 a nd 14- a nd cre a ting ha -tre d a tmosphe re a mong the stude ntsb y a group na me ly A mb e dka r P e ri-ya r. The le tte r forwa rds [to the Di-re ctor] a copy of a nonymous le tte ra lle ging se rious compla ints re ce iv e dfrom Stude nts, IIT- Ma dra s.The Ministry scommuniqueconta ine d e xtra cts from the spe e chof Viv e ka na nda Gopa l, b e side s co-pie s of the pa mphle ts a nd poste rsprinte d during the A mb e dka r b irtha nniv e rsa ry progra mme s b y stu-de nts a long with copie s ofthe poste rspub lishe d b y me mb e rs of the Re v o-lutiona ry Stude ntY outh F ront( RSY F ) , which we re found pa ste d onthe wa lls outside the ca mpus. R. Ka r-thike ya n, RSY F unitse cre ta ry, toldF rontline tha tthe F rontha d b e e nhighlighting such issue s continuous-ly. The pa sting ofposte rs on A pril 14-coincide d with the A mb e dka r b irtha nniv e rsa ry," he sa id.The a nonymous le tte r, unde r-signe d Stude nts, IIT Ma dra s, da te dA pril 29, a nd a ddre sse d to Ma da m( prob a b ly a ddre ssing HRD Ministe rSmritiZub in lra ni) , a ccuse d theA P SC of trying to de a lign the S.T.[Sche dule d Trib e ] a nd S.C. [Sche d-ule d Ca ste ] stude nts" .Ita ccuse d the study circle of cre -a ting ha tre d a mong stude nts. The ya re trying to cre a te ha tre d a ga instthe honoura b le P rime Ministe r a ndHindus." The stude nts, itcha rge d,ha d issue d pa mphle ts criticising theMHRD for its sta nd on a se pa ra tedining pla ce for v e ge ta ria ns a nd theuse of Hindiin IITs.The copie s ofthe RSY F s a nd stu-de nts poste rs a nd pa mphle ts we rea lso se ntto the Ministry, which,b a se d on the le tte r, de spa tche d anote to II'I'M se e king cla ri ca tionson the issue . Howe v e r, itmustb enote d he re tha tthe Ministry ha d notre comme nde d a ny spe ci c a ctiona ga insta ny group or indiv idua l. Butthe De a n, withoutcla rifying the is-sue with the stude nts conce me d, de -re cognise d the study circle .The stude nts, of course , did notre fute the cla ims tha tthe y ha d issue dposte rs a nd pa mphle ts conta iningthe e xtra cts ofGopa l's spe e ch a nd DrA 1nb e dka r's quote s such a s Hin-duism is a v e rita b le cha mb e r of hor-rors" a nd Y ou mustde stroy there ligion of shrutis a nd the smrithis" .Y e s. We ha v e issue d pa mphle ts tha ta re critica l ofthe policie s ofthe Modigov e rnme nt. We do notunde rsta ndhow disse nta nd criticism of the gov -e rnme nt's policy is a kin to spre a dingha tre d, sa id Krishna , a study circle19 F RUNTI.INF , -JUNE lo, Zlilisupporte r a tthe institute . The y,howe v e r, dista nce d the mse lv e s fromthe poste rs tha tthe RSY F pub lishe dunde r the he a ding Ma nu Dha rmaRe igns in IIT Ma dra s, which a c-cuse d the IIT of de nying socia l jus-ticeb y notimple me nting there se rv a tion syste m since itis unde rthe gov e rna nce of b ra hminica l tyr-a nny.RESERVLTION, LN ISSUERe se rv a tion in IIT is a n issue inde e d.A run Suda rsa n, P roje ctA ssista nt,De pa rtme ntof Huma nitie s a nd So-cia l Scie nce s, IITM, ha s soughtin-forma tion unde rtheRighttoInforma tion ( RTI) A cton the ca te -gory-wise composition of ca ste re p-re se nta tion in the e nrolme ntofstude nts in M.S. a nd P hD pro-gra mme s in IITM. F rom 2008 to2015, a tota l of14-2 S.C. a nd nine S.T.stude nts we re a dmitte d to the P hDprogra mme s a s a ga inst1,592 unde rthege ne ra lca te gory,( forwa rdca ste groups) , a nd 740 unde r theOthe r Ba ckwa rd Cla sse s ( OBC) ca te -gory. Just29 S.C. a nd thre e S.T. stu-de nts we re a dmitte d to the M.S.progra mme s a cross a ll de pa rtme ntsa s a ga inst1,19-1~ unde r the ge ne ra lca te gory a nd 4-29 unde r the OBC ca t-e gory.The composition of fa culty me m-b e rs b a se d on socia l ca te gory soughtb yA khil Bha ra tha n shows tha t86.57pe r ce nt( tota l: 4-64) of the fa cultyme mb e rs a re from the ge ne ra l ca te -gory followe d b y OBCs in a dista ntse cond with 11.01 pe r ce nt( 59) . TheS.Cs a re a n insigni ca nt2.05 pe rce nt( 11) a nd S.Ts come la stwith adisma l 0.31 pe r ce nt( 2) in the tota l of536. Mind you, ne a rly 90 pe r ce ntofthe de pa rtme nthe a ds a nd se niorprofe ssors a re from the uppe r ca stegroups," sa id a fa culty me mb e r.IITM, a n a utonomous institu-tion, ha s ne a rly 650 fa culty me mb e rsa nd a b out8,000 stude nts, b e side s3,000-odd non-a ca de mic sta ff a ndothe r worke rs. Itwa s nota me recoincide nce , b utpa rtof a pla nne dconspira cy a ga instthe imple me nta -tion of re se rv a tion, sa ys a note fromthe RSY F . The Se na te of the IIT, it irthe r note d, ha d e v e n pa sse d a re s-olution in the pa sta ga instre se rv a -tion in sta ffse le ction. ( A ccording to anoti ca tion issue d in 2008 b y theMHRD, the IITs we re a ske d to in-troduce re se rv a tion in te a ching posi-tions, which include d 15 pe r ce ntforS.C., 7.5 pe r ce ntfor S.T. a nd 27 pe rce ntfor OBC ca ndida te s, b utIITma na ge me nts a ske d the Ministry tore v ise it.)Re se rv a tion wa s one ofthe issue sde b a te d b y the A P SC oite n. The is-sue s of re se rv a tion, ca ste discrimi-na tion, v e ge ta ria nism, Hindiimposition a nd a nti-ra tiona lism,e tc., ha v e b e e n hotsub je cts of de b a tea nd discussion on IITM pre mise s forwhich the A P SC pla ye d the role of afa cilita tor," sa id A khil. The ma na ge -me nt, a ccording to A khil, ha s ma defe e b le a tte mpts to sta ll such de b a te s.The a ction a ga instthe A P SC ha sb e e n the toughe stone on the ca m-pus," sa id A ditya Na ra ya na n.Howe v e r, through a n e xha ustiv eb utsha rp e ma il re sponse to theDe a n, the stude nta ctiv ists told himtha tthe IIT ha d ma ny me e tings tha tdiscusse d the policie s a nd le gisla tiv einitia tiv e s of the curre nta nd pre v i-ous e le cte d gov e rnme nts a nd othe rsocia l issue s, a mong the m the re se r-v a tion policy, which, the y cla ime d,wa s still to b e imple me nte d in le tte ra nd spiritin IITM.The y a lso dre w a tte ntion to a nincide ntwhe re in whe n the re se rv a -tion noti ca tion wa s issue d for IlTs,_ ii.uI.|'n" CA N A TECHNOCRA T orascie ntistb e a whole some productwithoutha v ing a ny socia lre sponsib ility?" a sks A khilBha ra tha n, a n a ctiv e me mb e r ofthe study circle .those a ga institprote ste d in Che nna i.The y wa nte d to know whe the r thema na ge me ntof IITM ha d initia te da ny a ction a ga instthose who foughta ga instthe gov e rnme ntpolicy onre se rv a tion a ttha ttime . The a dmin-istra tion, the stude nts cla ime d, wa sta king re fuge e unde r te chnica l a ndproce dura l issue s to ca moufla ge itshostility to ra dica l thinking.In fa ct, me dia re ports on Ma y 25,2006, cla ime d tha t100 stude ntsfrom IIT Ma dra s a nd me dica l colle g-e s in Che nna ira ise d a nti-re se rv a tionsloga ns in frontof the gov e rnme ntgue sthouse a tChe pa uk in Che nna i.A se nior fa culty me mb e r sa id a nti-re se rv a tion stude nts in the IIT pro-te ste d inside the ca mpus.Me a nwhile , the Na tiona l Com-missionfor Sche dule d Ca ste s( NCSC) ha s soughta de ta ile d re porton the pre se ntincide ntin the IITMca mpus. In 2012, the NCSC's Che n-na ioffice , b a se d on a re pre se nta tionfrom a fe w stude nts, ha d a ske d theinstitute ma na ge me ntto e xpla inhow itimple me nte d the re se rv a tionpolicy in re cruiting fa culty. Since thema na ge me ntdid notcome up with asa tisfa ctory re sponse , the Che nna iof ce re fe rre d the issue to its pa re ntb ody in Ne w De lhion July 30, 2012.The stude nts wonde re d how theMHRD a nd IITM could giv e a ny im-porta nce to such a v e nomous a non-ymous ma il with full of ha tre dtowa rds the S.Cs, S.Ts a nd A mb e d-ka r. Our pa mphle ts do notha v e a nyma te ria l tha twould surprise a soci-ologica l or politica l scie ntist. Itha sb e e n source d from me dia , b ooks a ndjourna ls. A ny highe r e duca tion in-stitute should b e a pla tform whe recritica l thinking a nd rightto disse ntoughtto b e e ncoura ge d a nd whe reb ra v e ne w thoughts a re to b e nur-ture d. On the contra ry, IIT se e ms tob e in a sa d sta te of a ffa irs whe re sci-e nti c te mpe r a nd socia l justice a reb e ing curta ile d," the ma il sa id.Criticising the IIT a nd the Uniongov cmme ntfor e xhib iting a n e x-tre me le v e l of pa ra noia a ga instahumb le stude ntorga nisa tion for itsfre e thinking a nd se cula r orie nta tion,its coordina tors a ske d how a ny-b ody s se ntime ntcould ha v e b e e nhurtwhe n the e ntire discussion wa sF RON'l'l.|NF . - JUNE Zn, lli20t ." '0.R A N G 0 0 N, 19 51.; A mb e dka r with P e riya r whe n the y me tin conne ction witha Buddhistconfe re nce the re . The IITM De a n wa nte d the study circle tore mov e the na me s of A mb e dka r a nd P e riya r E.V. Ra ma sa my from its title a sthe se na me s " pola rise the stude nts on ca ste line s" .a b outthe rightofe v e ry indiv idua l tode cide wha tthe y could e a twith rc-ga rd to the controv e rsy ov e r theMHRD circula r on v e ge ta ria n a ndnon-v e ge ta ria n me ss ha lls for stu-de nts.The IIT's we b site sa ys ita tpre -se ntha s 15 me n s hoste ls a nd twowome n's hoste ls a nd six dining ha lls( me sse s) . Ofthe sc me sse s, one is ninb y sta ff me mb e rs of the O ice ofHoste l Ma na ge me nt, the othe r fiv e( including one for girl stude nts) a rerun b y priv a te ca te re rs on contra ct,a nd the re is a lso a food court. Stu-de nts cla im tha tthe re is a se pa ra teme ss for Ja in stude nts. The y sa y tha tonly v e ge ta ria n food is se rv e d in theme ss ha lls, though stude nts a re a l-lowe d to b ring in non-v e ge ta ria nfood. Ev e n this priv ile ge would b ewithdra wn a ta ny time , the ir ma ilsa id.The ma il re ite ra te d the e sse ntia l-ity of a group such a s the A P SC withprogre ssiv e ide a s in a n othe rwisere trogra de e mironme nt. If such atriv ia l fre e dom such a s b e ing a b le toe a tme a tin the me ss ha lls is se e n a sda nge rous, the n the continue d e : o'st-e nce of our study group b e come s a llthe more importa nt." On the imposi-tion ofHindi, the y sa id tha ta s ra tio-na lists, the y fe lttha tthough Sa nskritha d v a lue d pla ce a s pa rtof the cul-ture a nd liistoryofce rta in se ctions insocie ty. ita lso wa s a n instrume ntinspre a ding a domina ntb ra hminica lna rra tiv e " .'5T|F L|NG D|55ENT'The re ce ntde v e lopme nts, the ir ma ilpointe d out, indica te d how dom-ina ntthe e sta b lishme ntha d b e comewhe n itca me to stifling disse nt. TheIITM, the y sa id, ha d re je cte d ma nyofthe ir mov e s. The y fa ce d stiff re sist-a ncc whe n the y trie d to b ring pe r-sona litie s such a s P rof. Cha ma n La lof Ja wa ha rla l Ne hru Univ e rsity( JNU) through the institutions Ex-tra Mura l Lccturcs ( EML) , a pla t-form for theIITM ca mpuscommunity to inte ra ctwith spe a ke rsfrom div e rse e lds.Since its b irth, the EMI. ha sb e e n the monopoly of re ligious rightwing to propa ga te its me ta physica lide a listide ology a nd a s a pla tformfor corpora te think ta nks. Whe n theta .\'pa ye rs' mone y is b e ing spe ntforpropa ga ting a nti-pe ople , a nti-ra tio-na la ge nda , pro-pe ople , ra tiona lgroups like A P SC ha v e to colle ctmone y from the stude nts to conductits e v e nts," the stude nts cla ime d inthe ir ma il. Cha ma n La l, howe v e r, a d-dre sse d the stude nts on the ca mpusin a progra mme orga nise d througha nothe r socia lly a ctiv e group, IIT forSocie ty, the stude nts cla ime d.Discussions, me e tings a nd pa in-phle ts we re me a ntto kick-sta rta dc-b a te on the ca mpus a nd a mong thea ca de mic fra te rnity. The IITM [a na utonomous sta tutory orga nisa tioniimctioning within the Institute s oiTe chnologie s A ct1961, a s a me nde db y theInstitute of Te chnology( A me ndme nt) A ct, 1963] is a pub licfunde d institute whose v ision a ndmission should a b ide for the uplift-me ntof the common ma sse s. Therightto function of a ny inde pe nde ntstude ntb ody wa s notthe prile gcgiv e n b y the a uthority b utra the r thede mocra tic rightof stude nts the m-se lv e s. We strongly b e lie v e tha twha twe sta te d in our pa mphle ts a nd theconte ntofour discussion a re corre cta nd a s pe r the Constitution," the ma ilconte nde d.The ycla ime d tha tthe re we re se v -e ra l stude nts orga nisa tions a ctiv e onthe pre mise s propa ga ting the v ie wsofdiv e rse stra nds in socie ty. A fe w oithe m a re e le cte d b odie s while othe rforums oflike -minde d groups a re in-de pe nde nt. The y ca n orga nise pro-gra mme s ofthe ir choice b utin closecoordina tion with the ir re spe ctiv efa culty a dv ise rs. Butthe stronge stpre se nce on the ca mpus is right-wing groups such a s the Viv e ka na n-da Study Circle ; the RSS ( Ra shtriyaSwa ya mscwa k Sa ngh) sha kha ; Ha reRa ma , Ha re Krishna ; Va nde Ma t-a 1'a 1n; a nd Dhruv a , to na me a fe w.DEA N'5 DEF ENCEThe De a n, howe v e r, de fe nde d his dc-cision strongly in the pre se ntca se .He ma inta ine d tha tce rta in proce -dure s we re to he a dhe re d to a nd tha tthe A P SC ha d v iola te d the code of21I-'RlIN'l'l.lNl-1 - .|l'NF . Zn. 3015conductb y misusing its priv ile ge s.He informe d the me dia imme dia te lya fte r the study circle s de re cognitiontha tthe a ction wa s ine v ita b le a ndta ke n a fte r a de ta ile d inv e stiga tioninto the a lle ga tions a ga instthe circle ,which we re found to b e true .IITM ( a dministe re d ce ntra lly b ythe Council of IITs) did notcurta ilthe fre e dom of e v pre ssion b utwoulde xpe cta ll stude ntgroups to a dhe re tothe guide line s, sa id the De a n, whoa dde d tha tthe A P SC coordina torsdid notta ke his pe rmission for thee v e nttha twa s orga nise d on A pril 14-to ce le b ra te A mb e dka r's b irth a nni-v e rsa ry. The y did notshow him theposte rs prior to pub lishing the m, hesa id.Buta s the issue b e ga n sizzling,the De a n cla ri e d tha tthe de re cog-nition wa s notb a se d on politica lsta nce s, a nd re ite ra te d tha titwa sjustprov isiona l a nd nota b a n or ashutdown a s portra ye d wide ly b y theme dia a nd othe r online b logs. ( Thegroups could ma ke use ofthe ca mpusinfra structure for me e tings a nd pro-gra mme s a ze r informing the Boa rdof Stude nts ( BoS) , he sa id.)The A P SC's ca se will ha v e to b epre se nte d in a forma l he a ring b e forethe BoS, the institute b ody compris-ing b oth fa culty a nd stude ntre pre -se nta tiv e s from the Stude nts A a irsCouncil ( SA C) . IITM Dire ctor Ba s-ka r Ra ma murthisa id tha titwa s nota b a n a nd IITM ha d only soughta ne xpla na tion from the A P SC on ce r-ta in issue s. The issue will b e sorte doutsoon, he sa id. Butnothing shortof a tota l re v oca tion of de re cognitionwill sa tisfy us," sa id a stude nta ctiv ist.Me mb e rs of the A P SC a lso a l-le ge d tha tthe De a n ha d a ssume d therole of the ir fa culty a dv ise r. ( Ea chstudycircle will ha v e a fa cultya dv ise rwho guide s the m in orga nisinge v e nts.) The y sa id tha tthe y ha d b e e ninte ra cting with A ssocia te P rofe ssorMilind Bra hme , De pa rtme ntof Hu-ma nitie s a nd Socia l Scie nce s, a s the irfa culty a dv ise r. Bra hme told F ron-tline tha the wa s unde r the impre s-sion tha the ha d b e e n the fa cultya dv ise r for the A P SC though the rewa s no officia l communica tion de s-igna ting him a s one . Butthe stu-de nts of the A P SC did conta ctmea nd run mostof the things throughme , a lthough some poste rs/e v e ntsmightha v e b e e n misse d, he sa id.In fa ct, IITM ha s a De pa rtme ntof Huma nitie s a nd Socia l Scie nce s,one of its olde stde pa rtme nts, found-e d in 1959, which a llows stude nts tode v e lop a n a ppre cia tion for div e rse e ldsincluding de v e lopme ntstud-ie s, e conomics, English studie s, e nv i-ronme nta l studie s, history,inte rna tiona l re la tions, philosophy,politica l scie nce a nd sociolog'a ndgiv e s the m a multidisciplina ry b a ck-ground.A se nior fa culty me mb e r pointe douttha ta lotof socia lly re le v a ntre -se a rch proje cts we re b e ing unde rta k-e n. Inde pe nde ntly a nd a lsopa rtne ring with pre stigious institu-tions such a s the A sia n Colle ge ofJourna lism, the Huma nitie s De pa rt-me ntha s ta ke n up re se a rch studie son v a rious issue s, including ma nua lsca v e nging,pla nta tionworke rsplighta nd the la b our mov e me nt."Howca n such a n institution of av e ry high re pute with socia l ground-ing promote a ma jorita ria n ide olo-gy? a ske d a n a ca de mic a ttheUniv e rsity of Ma dra s.A NONY MOUS COMP LA INTWhile the role of I ITM in this issue issqua re ly criticise d, ob se rv e rs ra ise av ita l que stion on the le gitima cy ofthe a nonymous compla intb a se d onwhich the a ction in que stion wa s ini-tia te d a ga instthe stude ntgroup. Acircula r from the Ce ntra l Vigila nceCommission da te d Nov e mb e r 25,2014-, on A ction on a nonymous a ndpse udonymous compla ints ca te gor-ica lly instructe d a ll Ministrie s, de -A nti-re se rv a tionstude nts in theIIT ha d he ldprote sts insidethe ca mpuse a rlie r.pa rtme nts a nd orga nisa tions tha tno a ction should b e ta ke n on thea nonymous/pse udonymous com-pla ints. Butthe MHRD se e ms to b eb lissfully una wa re of this. Nor doe sIITM se e m to ha v e known a b outit.Cha ma n la l re ca lle d the A P SC sinv ita tion to him to de liv e r a le ctureon Bha ga tSingh's thoughts on In-dia on Ma rch 7.In his twe e t, he sa id: I wa s toldb y the stude nts the n tha tthe IITma na ge me ntis more in fa v our ofrightiststude ntgroups on ca mpus incompa rison to Da lita nd le ftiststu-de ntgroups. I wonde r how the Min-istry of HRD took notice of a na nonymous le tte r. One wonde rswhe the r this is the rstste p towa rdsa cting a ga instothe r univ e rsitie s likeJNU, D.U. [De lhiUniv e rsity] a ndJa mia Millia a nd le ftiststude ntgroups like A ISA [A ll India Stude ntsA ssocia tion] a nd SF I [Stude nts'F e de ra tion of India ]. Is this the b e -ginning ofa chhe din for highe r e du-ca tion in India ?The row in its e ntire ty kicke d upa n inte nse na tiona l de b a te a monginte lle ctua ls a nd civ il rights a dv o-ca te s on the critica l issue s re la ting tothe fre e dom of e xpre ssion tha ta t-te mptto de ne the role a nd re spon-sib ility of stude nts of a ny highe re duca tion institution in this conte xt.Disse ntca n ne v e r b e construe d a sde a nce , the a ca de mics sa y. Stu-de nts ha v e gone on socia l me diaa ga instthe de re oognition, inv itingthe v ie ws of a ll. On the rstda y of itsposting, in the la stwe e k of Ma y, itre ce iv e d 600 supporte rs a nd the irnumb e r is growing.The write r a nd a ctiv istA rund-ha tiRoy, in a sta te me nt, sa ys tha ta tatime whe n I-Iindutv a orga nisa tionsa nd me dia outle ts a re outra ge ouslyce le b ra ting A mb e dka r, the ma n whopub licly de nounce d Hinduism, a sthough he is the ir v e ryown ma n; a tatime whe n the Hindu na tiona listsca mpa ign ofgha r wa psi( a re v a mpe dprogra mme of the A rya Sa ma fsShuddhi"progra mme ) ha s b e e nla unche d to ge tDa lits to re turn tothe Hindu fold, why is tha twhe nA mb e dka fs re a l followe rs use thena me or like ne ss of A mb e dka r the yge tmurde re d like Sure kha Bhot-F RONTLINF . - .ll|NF .2h.l( ) l522TH E H EA VI LY fortre sse d IIT Ma dra s ca mpus during a prote stouside iton June 1ma nge s fa mily in Kha irla nji? VVhy isittha tif a Da litma .n ha s a ringtoneon his phone with a song a b outA m-b e dka r he ge ts b e a te n to de a th? Whyha s the A P SC b e e n de re cognise d?Itis b e ca use the y ha v e se e nthrough this cha ra de a nd ha v e putthe ir nge r on the mostda nge rouspossib le pla ce . The y ha v e ma de theconne ction b e twe e n corpora te glob -a lisa tion a nd the pe rpe tua tion ofca ste . The re is ha rdly a nything morethre a te ning to this pre se ntruling e s-ta b lishme nttha n doing wha tA P SCdid ce le b ra ting b oth Bha ga tSingha nd A mb e dka r. This is wha tha sb roughtthe m into the line of re .This is wha tis soughtto b e qua she d.The A P SC de re cognition is a re cog-nition of a kind, she sa id.The Ke ra la -b a se d India n EnglishDa litpoe tS. Cha ndra moha n pointsouttha tthe re surge ntHindutv asince the 2014 ge ne ra l e le ctions ha sb e e n rolling b a ck the ongoing re con-struction of India a long the de mo-cra tic a nd e ga lita ria n ide a ls ofJyotira o P hule , P e riya r a nd A 1nb e d-ka r. The A P SC s rising a ga instsuchright-wing force s is a we lcome sign ofthe de rnocra tisa tion a nd e ga lita ria nstude ntpa rticipa tion in na tion-b uilding," he sa id.Be side s Congre ss le a de r Ra hulGa ndhia nd HRD Ministe r SmritiIra ni's spa ton the issue on Twitte r,v a rious politica l a nd socia l groupse xce ptthe Bha ra tiya Ja na ta P a rty( BJP ) a nd the A ll India A nna Dra v i-da Munne tra Ka zha ga m ( A IA DMK)in Ta mil Na du re a cte d sha rply to theissue . One of the a lumni, De e pa kJohnson, forme r stude nts' ge ne ra lse cre ta ry, ca lle d the a ction of theDe a n a sha me to the institute .Sita ra m Y e chury, ge ne ra l se cre -ta ry ofthe CommunistP a rty of India( Ma rxist) , sa ys the b a nning of theA P SC a ppe a rs pa rtof the la rge r de -sign of the RSS ide ologica l proje ctoftra nsforming the se cula r de mocra ticIndia n Re pub lic into the ir v e rsion ofa n intole ra ntfa scistic Hindu Ra sh-tra '. Such a b a n strike s a tthe v e ryrootof our constitutiona l gua ra n-te e s, ne ga ting the spiritof a n a dv e n-ture of ide a s in institutions of highe re duca tion a nd re pla cing our syncre t-ic civ ilisa tiona l history with Hindumythology."A surprise supportto the A P SCca me from the note d A me rica nma the ma ticia n Da v id Brya ntMum-ford who, in his le tte r to IITM Dire c-tor Ba ska r Ra ma murthi, poste d b ythe stude nts on the socia l me dia , ha se xpre sse d his de e p shock ov e r its de -re cognition. I b clicv e ca mpuse smusta llow ope n discussions of div i-siv e issue s e v e n whe n itoffe nds somepe ople so tha ta ll a spe cts of a n issuea re outin the ope n, he wrote .Ka nimozhiKa runa nidhi, Dra v i-da Munne tra Ka zha ga m MP , wa s the rstwoma n politicia n to conde mnthe de re cognition. She a ske d its Di-re ctor to a llow fre e spe e ch inside theIIT ca mpus.Dra v ida r Ka zha ga m le a de r K.Ve e ra rna nicriticise d the a tte mpttostifle progre ssiv e v oice s a mong theyouth. The ir a ge nda is Hindutv aa nd itshould b e de fe a te d," he point-e d out. Though a group of stude ntsa nd the ma jority of the fa culty ha v ea ccuse d the A P SC of whipping up afre nzie d ca mpa ign a ga instthe IITMma na ge me nt, the ma jority ofthe stu-de nts a nd the ir groups on the ca m-pus ha v e e xte nde d the ir solida rity toit. The A P SC could mode ra te thetone of its la ngua ge use d. The a rgu-me nttha tIITM b e ing a n a utono-mous b ody ca n formula te its ownguide line s to re gula te the stude ntsa ctiv itie s ca n only hold if such guide -line s a re nota ga instthe constitu-tiona l spiritofthe na tion, fe ltA dityaNa ra ya na n, who is doing his re -se a rch in oce a n e ngine e ring.The stude nts a re ov e rwhe lminglye uphoric ov e r the supportthe y ha v ega rne re d. Butthe y a re a lso a ppre -he nsiv e a b outa b a ckla sh. IITM'sgra dua tion ple dge sa ys: We sha llde v ote a ll our e ne rgie s to promotethe unity a nd se cula r ide a l of ourcountry a nd utilise our knowle dge inthe se rv ice ofour na tion a nd socie ty.The y hope tha tthe IITM ma na ge -me ntwill liv e up to this ple dge . El23 F RUNTLINF . -JUNE lo, ZtiliC QA rson a tA ta hThe a tta ck on the Muslim community a tA ta li, a v illa ge in Ha rya na , b ya mob which include d wome n giv e s the lic to the cla im tha tminoritie sa re sa fe unde r the pre se ntre gime . BY T.l( . RA JA LA KSI-llll IN BA LLA BHGA RH0 N E 0 F TH E I-I0 M E S tha twe re a tta cke d a tA ta tion Ma y 25. [Right] Outside a nothe r a tta cke d home .THE1,000-odd Muslims ofA ta liv illa ge in I-la rya na 's Ba lla b hga rhte hsil, F a rida b a d district, ha v e pa idhe a v ily for a tte mpts to b uild amosque : ne a rly two doze n home sa nd shops b e longing to me mb e rs ofthe minority community we re b urnt,loote d a nd v a nda lise d b y a mob le db y wome n a nd a rme d with hoe s( pha rsa , in loca l pa rla nce ) a nd othe rimprov ise d we a pons on the e v e ningof Ma y 25. The police we re hope -le ssly outnumb e re d, a nd the y re -ce iv e d re inforce me nts too la te tostop a nything. No one wa s kille d, b utsome two doze n pe ople of the ta rge t-e d community re ce iv e d se rious in-jurie s. Curiously e nough, nota singlepe rson in the ra mpa ging mob wa shurt.A round 8-30 p.1n., the police -na lly ma na ge d to b ring the situa tionunde r control. The v ictims ofthe v io-le nce we re puton b use s with tinte dwindows a nd driv e n to the Ba lla b hga rh police sta tion, a tne a rly ll p.m.Ma ny ofthe m ha d to b e re scue d fromb urning home s. Some 50 fa milie sha v e b e e n lodge d in a ma ke shiftte nta tthe police sta tion, putup b y we ll-wishe rs. Some othe r fa milie s ha v efle d to sa fe ty furthe r a wa y.The Ba lla b hga rh police sta tion isjustsix kilome tre s a wa y from A ta liv illa ge . Some ofthe v ictims who ha v eta ke n re fuge the re told F rontlinetha tthe y ha d informe d the policea b outthe mob b uild-up on Ma y 25,we ll b e fore the v iole nce sta rte d. Oneof the m sa id: We ma de re pe a te dca lls tha tda y. The SHO [sta tionhouse office r] ca me , b uthe le : le a v -ing b e hind only v e police me n.Wlie n we sa w the mob ga the ring,with wome n in the 'ont, we ma defra ntic ca lls to the police sta tion, onlyto b e told tha tpolice me n we re onthe ir wa y. The mob use d cooking ga scylinde rs a nd pe trol b omb s to b la stour wa lls a nd b urn our v e hicle s. Wetook re fuge inside our home s a nd onrooftops. With smoke a ll round usa nd we b e ing pe lte d with b ricks, wewe re comple te ly he lple ss.Twe nty pe ople ha v e b e e n na me din the rstinforma tion re port( F IR) ,mostof the m from the v illa ge ; thev ictims cla im tha tthe y know mostofthe a tta cke rs. A tthe time of writingthis re port, no a rre sts ha d b e e nma de . Nor we re F IRs re giste re d onb e ha lf of e a ch indiv idua l v ictim onthe b a sis of e a ch of the ir sta te me nts,which wa s wha tthe v ictims ha dwa nte d. The only a ppa re ntre sponseof the gov e rnme ntto the fa ilure ofla w e nforce me nta ge ncie s to ta ke e f-fe ctiv e a ction ha s b e e n to tra nsfe r theSHO who wa s on duty tha tda y.F RONTLINF . - .lUNF .2h.l0l52|.J.1'-i.1111IIt.r2ciLThough curfe w wa s impose d in thev illa ge soon a fte r the incide nt, unde rSe ction 144 of the Code of Crimina lP roce dure , youngste rs we re se e nmov ing a round fre e ly in la rgegroups, a nd e v e n re porte dly a sse m-b ling for me e tings. The da y the Mi-nority Commission me mb e rs ca meto A ta li, we pointe d outone of thea rsonists who wa s roa ming fre e ly.The police na b b e d him, b utonly tore le a se him la te r," one of the v ictimsa ttheBa lla b hga rh ca mp toldF rontline .The trigge r for the v iole nce wa sthepla nne d construction of amosque . A ta liv illa ge ha s se v e ra lte mple s, including se v e ra l a ncie ntstructure s tha tlook like the y we rere ce ntly b uilt, b utno mosque . TheMuslims of the v illa ge , who ha v eliv e d the re for ge ne ra tions ov e r se v -e ra l ce nturie s, tra v e l to the ne a re stmosque in Ba lla b hga rh, ne a rly 13 kma wa y, to pra y during Ra mza n or onothe r re ligious occa sions.Efforts to b uild a mosque in thev illa ge sta rte d in 2009, a nd some pil-la rs we re b uilt. Butthe constructioncould notprogre ss in the fa ce of a g-gre ssiv e posturing from me mb e rs ofthe ma jority community. More ov e r,two re side nts of the v illa ge le d aca se in the civ il courta lle ging tha tthe mosque wa s b e ing b uilton pa n-cha ya tla nd. On Ma rch 31 this ye a r,Civ il Judgc Vina y Sha rma thre w outthe cla im. Villa ge na mb a rda r ( ke e p-e r of re cords of la nd re gistra tions)Isa k A li's son Na se e m sa id: We wonthe ca se . The y the n a pproa che d theSDM [Sub -Div isiona l Ma gistra te ]court. The courthe ld tha tindiv idua la ppe a ls would notb e e nte rta ine d.We we re pre pa re d for a compromisewith the pa ncha ya t. The wa lls we rea lre a dy coming up, only the roofha dto b e put."A n a tte mptto ob ta in a sta y fromthe SDM s courtfa ile d. On Ma y 10,a fte r comple ting the re quisite v e r-i ca tion, the SDM dire cte d tha tcon-struction of the unfinishe d mosqueshould continue . The CommunistP a rty of India ( Ma rxist) ha s sa id in asta te me nttha tthe Ma y 25 v iole ncewa s a n a tta ck on the rule ofla w" .Muslims a re a minority in A ta li,numb e ringjusta b out1,000 in a v il-T H E H 0 5 0 U E unde r construction a tA ta li, which trigge re d the v iole nce .VICTIM S of the v iole nce a tthe ma ke shiftca mp a tBa lla b hga rh police sta tion.la ge of a b out13,000 pe ople . Ja tsdomina te the v illa ge community, nu-me rica lly a nd politica lly. Bra hminspla y a crucia l role , too. Ma ny of theMuslims a re la ndle ss, b uta fe w ownsome liv e stock. Some , like Sha ra fa twho works a s a shi ma na ge r a tacine ma ha ll, ha v e sa la rie djob s, whilea fe w ha v e done we ll in re ce ntye a rsb y se curing gov e rnme ntcontra ctsfor infra structura l work.This re la tiv e a nd re ce ntprospe r-ity ma y ha v e fue lle d the a nge r of thema jority community to some e xte nt,a s sugge ste d b y the ta rge ting ofhome s a nd house hold a pplia nce s, e s-pe cia lly since some of the we a lthie rMuslims we re known to b e na ncingthe construction of the mosque . Butthe e ntire community wa s a tta cke d,rich a nd poor a like . Victims a ttheBa lla b hga rh ca mp sa id tha ta n old25 F R( ]N" l" l.lNE -_ Il.'NE 2h, Z015Y =. JIF '3~R A P I D A C T I ON F 0 R C E pe rsonne l de ploye d a tA ta lia fte r the v ioie nce .ma n wa s a tta cke d on Ma y 27. Thev ictims a lso sa id tha tmostof thev illa ge re side nts, cutting a cross ca steline s, we re inv olv e d inthe a tta ck. Butthe re we re a lso some pe ople fromne a rb y v illa ge s a mong the a tta cke rs.We could se e the m from the roof-tops, sa id Sha ra fa t.The police told F rontline tha twha tma de itso difficultfor the m tota ckle the v iole ntmob wa s tha twom-e n we re le a ding ita nd the re we re nowome n police pe rsonne l a v a ila b le .The police we re notpre pa re d forthis e v e ntua lity. Butthe se te nsionsa lwa ys se e m to ge ta cce ntua te da round pa ncha ya te le ctions. Some ofthe a ffe cte d pe ople a re pa ncha ya tme mb e rs," sa id a se nior police oili-ce r. Inde e d, pa ncha ya te le ctions a resche dule d to b e he ld in Ha rya na inA ugust. The of ce r a dde d tha tin2009, too, itwa s a round the time ofthe pa ncha ya te le ctions tha tte nsionsha d a re d up in the v illa ge . He a d-mitte d tha tthe a tta ck in A ta liwa sone -side d a nd the ma in priority forthe police wa s to sa v e liv e s.A se nior police oliice r who didnotwa ntto b e na me d sa id: The rewe re a round 2,000 pe ople in themob . The police ha d to b e mob ilise dfrom a ll ov e r the district. Wha tcouldwe do? He could notgiv e a sa tis-fa ctory e xpla na tion a s to why ittookthe police so long to re a ch the sce neof the v iole nce . The ne w SHO, P re e tP a l, sa id tha ta police chowlciha db e e n se tup in the v illa ge a fte r theincide nt. Two hundre d Ra pid A ctionF orce ( RA F ) pe rsonne l a nd 500 po-lice pe rsonne l, including wome n,ha v e a lso b e e n poste d the re .A ta liv illa ge is in P rithla A sse mb -ly constitue ncy. Te k Cha nd Sha rma ,who re pre se nts the constitue ncy, isthe lone Ba huja n Sa ma j P a rty ( BSP )me mb e r of the A sse mb ly a nd ha db e e n b a cke d b y Muslims of the con-stitue ncy, including those of A ta liv illa ge .A ccording to the gra pe v ine , hewon with the Bha ra tiya Ja na ta P a r-ty s ( BJP ) he lp. A ta ny ra te , he de -cla re d his supportto the BJP soona fte r he gote le cte d. In the Lok Sa b -ha , F a rida b a d is re pre se nte d b yKisha n P a l Gujja r, Union Ministe rfor Socia l Justice a nd Empowe rme nta nd forme r pre side ntof the B.IP 'sSta te unit.Me mb e rs of the ma jority com-munity a tA ta lima de lightofthe v io-le nce . Itwa s a skirmish b e twe e nyoungste rs. Nothing ma jor. The sethings ha ppe n. The y we re b uildingthe mosque . The re wa s a ha rde ningofpositions on b oth side s. Tha t s a ll,sa id one of the v illa ge e lde rs. Someurchins who took the F rontline te a mthrough the gutte d la ne s we re toldotib y v illa ge e lde rs. Some wome nwhom F rontlinc spoke to sa id the yha d no sa y in the ma tte rs of me n a ndtha te v e ryone wa s b ound to a cce ptthe dicta te s of socie ty.The ta rge te d community b e lie v e sthe a tta ck wa s pre me dita te d. Sa b irA li, a contra ctor for the Ele ctricityBoa rd a nd the He a lth De pa rtme nt,sa id: A ll our e conomic a ctiv itie s a retie d to the Ja ts. Ba rring the fa cttha twe do the na ma a z, the re is nothingdiiie re ntb e twe e n the two communi-tie s. We sha re ma ny simila ritie s.Wa s the re a ny ne e d to do a ll this?He sa id tha tin 2009 the e lde rs of hiscommunity ha d e v e n prostra te dthe mse lv e s b e fore the ma jority com-munity le a de rs in orde r to re a ch ape a ce ful compromise . We do notwa ntto ght. We wa ntto liv e a nd le tliv e . Why do the y conside r us infe -rior? Is itb e ca use we a re la ndle ss?Butwe a re e duca te d. The y do notinv olv e us in a ny v illa ge de cisions.This wa s pre -pla nne d, othe rwisethe y w0uldn tha v e the coura ge toa tta ck us like this, he sa id.F mntlitne spoke to young pe ople 'om the ma jority community whosa id tha tin the da ys le a ding up to thea tta ck, me e tings we re he ld re pe a te d-ly in a te mple a nd v olunte e rs fromthe Ba jra ng Da l we re a ctiv e in thev illa ge . The re wa s a me mb e rshipdriv e on, too. F or two conse cutiv eda ys a fte r the incide nt, Ba ira ng Da lv olunte e rs re porte dly me ta nd a s-sure d the ma jority community of F ullsupport.The A ta liincide ntis justone in ase rie s of communa l incide nts tha tha v e occurre d in re ce ntmonths inthe Sta te . The a tta ck on a churchunde r construction in I-Iisa r, ina m-ma tory comme ntsb yse lf-pro-cla ime d le a de rs cla iming tore pre se ntHindus, a nd the a ctiv itie sof b e llige re ntcow prote ction com-mitte e s e ncoura ge d b y the re ce ntle gisla tion b a nning cow sla ughte rha v e se tthe pa tte rn. In June la stye a r, a n a ccide ntinv olv ing a youth inthe Ta uru-Me wa tre gion wa s giv e n acommuna l colour, following whichcurfe w wa s impose d. Tha tthe re ha sb e e n a syste ma tic a tte mptto pola risecommunitie s in the Sta te on commu-na l line s is now ge tting we ll e sta b -lishe d. ElF RONTLINF . - .lUNF .2h,l( ) l526S ClA L1SS_ UES OIn a la nd dispute tha tturne d into ca ste v iole licc, v e me mb e rs of aDa litfa mily a re kille d in Da nga wa s v illa ge in Ra ja stha n.DA NGA WA S in Na ga ur districtof Ra ja stha n is just59 kilome tre sfrom the touristtown of P ushka r.The v illa ge wa s in the ne ws re ce ntlyfor the wrong re a sons: the wa ntonkilling of six pe rsons on Ma y 14-, v eofthe m me mb e rs of a Da litfa mily. Adispute ov e r the owne rship of 3.77he cta re s of la nd sa wthe ma jority re s-ide nts of the v illa ge ge tting mob il-ise d on ca ste line s, with the soleinte ntion of nishing oft" the cla i-ma nts to the la nd, who in this ca seha ppe ne d to b e 16 me mb e rs of theSche dule d Ca ste Me ghwa l fa mily.A ccording to the rstinforma -tion re port( F IR) , a mob of a round200 Ja ts ( surv iv ors sa y the re we remore ) cha se d the m, b e a tthe m withsha rp ob je cts, se t re to the ir posse s-BV T.K. RA JA LA KSHMI IN NA GA URsions including trolle ys, a nd ra ze d ab rick dwe lling tha tha d b e e n con-structe d on the e ld. Thre e pe opledie d on the spota nd the othe rs suc-cumb e d to the ir wounds in hospita l.The de a d a nd the injure d we re re -porte dly run ov e r with tra ctors. Theonly pe rson othe r tha n the Me gh-wa lsRa tna ra m, P oka rra m, P a n-cha ra m, Ga npa t a ndGa ne sha ra rn-to die wa s Ra mpa lGosa in, a non-Da lit, who succumb e dto injurie s from a b ulle t. The sourceof the ring is still shroude d inmyste ry.Ev e n the wome n of the Da litfa mily, young a nd old, we re b e a te nme rcile ssly. The y a nd some of theyoung me n, who we re a dmitte d tothe Ja wa ha rla l Ne hru Civ il Hospita la tA jme r, a re the only witne sse s tothe ca rna ge . Some wome n a lle ge dtha tthe y we re mole ste d. The e v e ntstha tle d to the pre me dita te d a tta ckon the Da litfa mily sta rte d with Ra t-na ra m Me ghwa l sta king his cla im tothe pie ce of la nd b y constructing adwe lling on itin the rstwe e k ofMa y. I-Ie wa s, he re ckone d, the right-ful a nd le ga l owne r of the plot.DA LIT P ROP ERTY A NDT R I N 5F E RThe de sce nda nts of a Ja tfa milycla ime d tha tthe pie ce ofla nd, origi-na lly owne d b y Ba sta Ra m Me ghwa l,ha d b e e n sold to Chimna Ra m Ja tin1964 b y one Ghisa Ra m Me ghwa l.But, a ccording to Se ction 4-2 of the1955 Ra ja stha n Te na ncy A ct, prop-45 U RV I VORS 0 F TH E A TTA C K on Da litfa milie s in Da nga wa slle ftl Khe ma Ra m, who wa s run ov e r b y a tra ctor, a nd[right] wome n of the Me ghwa l fa milya tthe Ja wa ha rla l Ne hru Civ il Hospita l in A jme r.27 |" RUl\TlllF |llNF 2h 2015e rty owne d b y a me mb e r of a Sche d-ule d Ca ste ( S.C.) community ca nnotb e tra nsfe rre d or sold to a pe rsonfrom a ny othe r community, includ-ing Sche dule d Trib e s. Itsa ys: Thepolicy of the Sta te conta ine d in Se c-tion 42 ofthe A ctpla cing re strictionson tra nsfe rs of la nd b y pe rsons b e -longing to S.C. or S.T. is in the in-te re stof such pe rsons a nd itca nnotb e a llowe d to b e frustra te d a lthougha pe rson b e longing to a S.C. or S.T.ma y b e a pa rty to such tra nsfe r un-willingly or othe rwise . The disa b ilityimpose d on kha te da rs of S.Cs a ndS.Ts notto b e a b le to a lie na te the irla nd to nonS.C. cla sse s is a b solutea nd in the ir long inte re sta s a groupof we a k pe rsons. Itis a le ga l prov i-sion to e nsure se curing the e nds of aconside re d pub lic policy.A s such, Ja gdish Na ra ya n Sha r-ma , Ra tna ra m s counse l until re ce nt-ly, toldF r0ntlz'ne tha tthe sa le de e d toChimna Ra m could we ll b e a fa b -rica te d one . Chimna Ra m cla ime dtitle to the prope rty in 1998 on thegrounds tha the a nd his a nce storsha d he ld posse ssion of the la nd forthe pa st35 ye a rs. Itwa s re je cte d in2007. A fte r Chimna Ra m s de a th thesa me ye a r, his sons, who a re the ma ina ccuse d in the Ma y 14 a tta ck, pro-duce d the sa le de e d cla iming tha tthela nd ha d b e e n sold to the ir fa the r b yGhisa Ra m.Ra tna ra m le d a counte r-cla imtha tye a r tha tthe title wa s his, b uthewithdre w itsub se que ntly. Howe v e r,his sons file d a suitcla iming tha tthela nd could ha v e ne v e r b e e n sold toChimna Ra m a s the origina l owne rwa s a Da lit. The y a lso cha lle nge d thea uthe nticity of the sa le de e d. A fte rthe oourtsta ye d furthe r proce e dingson the controv e rsia l sa le de e d, ma t-te rs re ma ine d in limb o.Me a nwhile , on A pril 10 this ye a r,the Ja tcla ima nts dug up a sma ll a re awithin the plotfor a pond. Ra tna ra mwe ntto the police sta tion to file a nF IR, b utthe Sta tion House Of ce r( SHO) of Me rta police sta tion didnotthink the ma tte r wa s se rious. OnA pril 15, Ra tna ra m gota ma gistra te sorde r to le a n F IR. The F IR wa sre giste re d on Ma y 1.On A pril 21, Ra tna ra m's wid-owe d da ughte r-in-la w a lle ge d tha tTH E SIT E of the murde rous a tta ck in the dispute d a re a of 3.77 he cta re s of La ndwhich wa s cla ime d b y b oth the Me ghwa ls a nd a Ja tfa mily.she ha d b e e n mole ste d b y ChimnaRa m s sons; this oompla intof he rstoo wa s notta ke n cognisa nce of.A ga in, a ma gistra te s orde r wa s re -quire d for the police to re giste r a nF IR. De spite he r sta te me ntre corde dunde r Se ction 164 of the Code ofCrimina l P roce d|.ue , no a rre sts we rema de .In the rstwe e k of Ma y, Ra t-na ra m, pe rha ps a dv ise d b y his ne wcounse l tha tthe only wa y the ma tte rcould b e se ttle d wa s to ta ke physica lposse ssion of the la nd e v e n a s theca se ov e r the title continue d in court,de cide d to constructa dwe lling onthe pie ce of la nd. Tha tprov e d to b ehis ne me sis.Ha d the de pa rtme nts of Re v e nueor La nd Re cords notpre v a rica te d onse ttling the issue of owne rship a ndtitle , the b loodshe d could pe rha psha v e b e e n a v oide d. Butse ldom ha sthe rightful owne rship of la nd b e e nre store d to those in the lowe r rungsof the ca ste hie ra rchy. Re v e nue re -cords show tha tthe title to the la ndwa s with the Me ghwa ls. The re wa sno muta tion, or tra nsfe r of titlede e ds, in the na me of Chimna Ra mJa t.Da nga wa s is a v illa ge domina te db y Ja ts. A ccording to the v illa ge pa t-wa ri, of the 2,500 house holds in thev illa ge , the re a re 1,200 Ja tfa milie sa nd 130 Me ghwa l fa milie s. TheMe ghwa ls a re a mong the more out-spoke n of Da lits in Ra ja stha n. Com-pa re d with othe r Da litsub -ca ste s,the y ha v e done re la tiv e ly b e tte r forthe mse lv e s a nd a re more a sse rtiv e .In Na ga ur, the Me ghwa ls, de -spite the ir low numb e rs, we re la n-downe rs a nd we re note ntire lyde pe nde nton the la nde d uppe rca ste s a lthough a fe w of the m toldF rontiine tha tla nd a lone wa s note nough for e conomic suste na nce a ndthe y worke d for the othe r communi-tie s occa siona lly. The se a re 21stce n-tury Da lits. The ne w ge ne ra tion ha sgrown up with ide a s of fre e dom a ndde mocra cy. Itis note a sy to b ullythe m a nymore , sa id a loca l re side nt.The y de sce nde d on us like a ni-ma ls. Ev e n a nima ls a re nottre a te dlike this, sa id A rjun Me ghwa l,whose fa the r a nd b rothe r we rekille d. His mothe r, Bida rni, wa s a d-mitte d to hospita l with fra cture da rms.Bha nwa ri, whose fa the r~in~la wwa s kille d a nd who he rse lf wa s a d-mitte d to hospita l with fra cture , toldF rontline tha tthe a tta cke rs mole st-e d the wome n. I wa s hiton the he a d.I re me mb e r some one holding mya rms a nd le gs. I fa inte d a fte r tha t.The y hitus whe re v e r the y could, shesa id. He r childre n ha d gone to schoola nd e xce ptfor the m a nd a fe wothe rsthe e ntire fa mily wa s in the e ldF RONTLINF . - JUNE 2 .l( ) l528\_ " \l'i" I.I! ; G\Il\whe n the mob ca me a tta cking.The v illa ge wa s re porte dly mob il-ise d to te a ch the Me ghwa ls a le sson.Ra mpa l Gosa in wa s ca lle d spe cia llyto join the me la , a s one of his re la -tiv e s de scrib e d it. This wa s the thirdsuch me e ting tha the ha d b e e n ca lle dfor in the pa sttwo months. He sa idhe would b e b a ck for lunch. Butweonly gothis b ody. Itwa s a v illa gema tte r. I-Iowcould he ha v e re fuse d tojoin? Itwa s only to e xpla in to theMe ghwa ls tha tthe crowd ha d a sse m-b le d. We ha d nothing to do withthe m. The y a re Ja ts, we a re Gosa ins,she sa id. Howe v e r, the Me ghwa lswe re ne v e r ca lle d to the se me e tings,she a dde d.Like the Me ghwa ls, the Gosa ins,with the ir 10 fa milie s, a re a minorityin the v illa ge . Ra mpa l, who ha s le ftb e hind his widowe d mothe r, his wifeSohniDe v i, a nd thre e young chil-dre n, a ll unde r 10 ye a rs, worke d a s aloa de r, a pa rtfrom doing othe r pe ttyjob s.The rsta rre sts we re ma de sixda ys a fte r the incide nt. Six pe rsonswe re a rre ste d though 12 pe ople we rena me d in the F IR. F ollowing a lotofprote sts in De lhi, A jme r a nd Ja ipur,the ca se wa s ha nde d ov e r to the Ce n-tra l Bure a u of Inv e stiga tion ( CBI) .The Bha ra tiya Ja na ta P a rty-le dgov e rnme ntof Va sundha ra Ra je re -a cte d pre dicta b ly. Whe n a ske d b y re -porte rs a b outthe slow pa ce ofa rre sts,HomeMiniste rGula bCha nd Ka ta ria sa id the gov e rnme ntdid notha v e a ny ma gic wa nd. Thegov e rnme nts a ppa re ntre lucta nce tob e proa ctiv e in the ma tte r is unde r-sta nda b le . Of the 25 Lok Sa b hame mb e rs from the Sta te , se v e n a refrom the Ja tcommunity a nd the rea re a round thre e doze n MLA s { tomthe sa me community in the 200-me mb e r A sse mb ly.A DMINISTRA TIVEINDIF F ERENCEThe indiffe re nce of the a dministra -tion showe d itse lf in ma ny wa ys. TheSupe rinte nde ntof P olice ( S.P .) a ndthe DistrictMa gistra te of Na ga ur re -a che d the spot36 hours a fte r theincide nt.A De puty S.P . a nd the SHO ofMe rta te hsil ha v e b e e n suspe nde d.The Sub -Div isiona l Ma gistra te( SDM) of Me rta ha s b e e n giv e n a nA wa iting P osting Orde r. India n A d-ministra tiv e Se rv ice prob a tione r Ni-kya Goha in, the ne w SDM, wa stryinghis b e stunde r the ne wcircum-sta nce s.The a dministra tion could ha v epre v e nte d the ma ssa cre a tv a riousle v e ls. One , b y se ttling the la nd dis-pute , a nd two, b y ta king me a sure s topre v e ntthe orche stra te d b uild-up ofte nsion. La nd is going to b e a ma jorissue in the coming ye a rs. A nd thema jorityofdispute s inv olv e la nd tha tha s b e e n forcib ly ta ke n a wa y fromDa lits b y domina ntca ste s, sa id P .L.Mimroth, chie f mctiona ry, Ce ntrefor Da litRights. Itis e stima te d tha tthe re a re a round 1.5 la kh re v e nue orla nd-re la te d ca se s pe nding in courtsa nd one or the othe r litiga ntin e a chca se ha ppe ns to b e a Da lit.A pa rtfrom posting police pe r-sons in the v illa ge a nd a nnouncingsome compe nsa tion to the de a d a ndthe injure d, the a dministra tion ha sdone little to cla mp down on ca stea sse mb lie s b y the ma jority commu-nity. A tthe time of writing the re -port, a Ja tma ha pa ncha ya twa s b e ingorga nise d in a ne a rb y v illa ge a sDa nga wa s wa s unde r prohib itory or-de rs a s pe r Se ction 144- ofthe Code ofCrimina l P roce dure in orde r tomob ilise supportfor those a rre ste d.A Sta te Ministe r wa s pre se nta ttheme e ting.Whe n we v isite d the injure d,the y we re so sca re d to ta lk. In thev illa ge , we found tha tthe wa te r sup-plyto the Me ghwa l fa milie s ha d b e e ndisconne cte d a nd tha tthe y we re ta k-ing drinking wa te r from a pond. Thecompe nsa tion is v e ry little a nd note nough for wha tthe fa mily ha s gonethrough, sa id Kusum Sa inwa l, Sta tese cre ta ry of the A ll India De mocra ticWome n s A ssocia tion ( A I DWA ) .She sa id tha tothe r Me ghwa lfa milie s in the v illa ge we re a lsoa fra id to spe a k up a fte r wha tha dha ppe ne d. The continuing ca steme e tings too ha d nothe lpe d in a nywa y to re store con de nce in the a d-ministra tion. So much so tha ttheinjure d who a re in hospita l do notconside r going b a ck e v e n thoughthe a dministra tion ha s promise d toma ke ne ce ssa ry a rra nge me nts a nda tte nd to the ir me dica l ne e ds. Theinjure d we re a tta cke d in the Me rtate hsil civ il hospita l too whe re the ywe re b roughtfor tre a tme nt rst. Thedoors a nd windows of the hospita lwe re b roke n.The Sta te Huma n Rights Com-mission did notthink ita tca se tov isitthe v illa ge . Itwa s only a fte r P .L.P unia , Cha irma n, Na tiona l Commis-sion for Sche dule d Ca ste s, v isite d thev illa ge a nd othe r groups prote ste dtha ta CBI inquiry wa s orde re d.A fte r the Da nga wa s incide ntha ppe ne d, the Congre ss gotintoproa ctiv e mode , de ma nding a me nd-me nts to the Sche dule d Ca ste a ndSche dule d Trib e( P re v e ntion ofA trocitie s) A cta ccording to a Sta nd-ing Committe e re portwhich re com-me nde d the se tting up of spe cia lcourts for offe nce s a ga instDa lits e x-clusiv e ly a tthe districtle v e l. Butthefa ctis tha te v e n during the Congre ssre gime , a trocitie s a ga instDa lits con-tinue d una b a te d.Da nga wa s will ne v e r b e the sa mea nymore , sa id the re side nts of thev illa ge . The ge ne ra l fe e ling is tha tone ha d to a b ide b y wha tthe v illa ge wa nte d, which is a e uphe mism forthe domina ntcommunity. Ha d Ra t-na ra m succe e de d in his ob je ctiv e ofse curing titula r posse ssion of thela nd, he would ha v e ope ne d a P a ndo-ra s b ox, sa id a la wye r on conditionof a nonymity.Itis doub tful whe the r the Sta tegov e rnme ntwill inte rv e ne in the se t-tle me ntof such dispute s. The CBl sinv e stiga tion would a tb e stre v e a l theca use of a nd the pe ople inv olv e d inthe murde rs, b utthe re me dy, a s isb e ing re cognise d, lie s in nothing le sstha n la nd re forms a nd la nd re dis-trib ution. Tha tis a ta ll orde r.The Ja ipur-b a se d Ce ntre for Da -litRights ha s compile d a listof 560ca se s of discrimina tion, v iole nce a nda trocity a ga instDa lits in the Sta te inthe la stone ye a r from A pril1,2014-. In a ddition to conictov e rla nd, othe r a trocitie s a ga instDa litsinclude notle tting Da litgrooms ridehorse s ( some 20 ca se s re porte d in2014) a nd nota llowing Da lits to cre -ma te the ir de a d in crcma toriums ore nte r te mple s. El27 F RONTLINF . - JUNE 20. 2015SDCLA L LSSUESR' ' 'th h tCrime s a ga instDa lits a re on the rise in Ma ha ra shtra . A mong the rootca use s a re la nd-gra b b ing a nd slice r ra ge of domina ntca ste s a ga instthe de a nce of the lowe r ca ste s. e r nutBA VA DA MCA STE te nsions a re simme ringin Ma ha ra shtra , whe re in the pa st12months a lone the re ha v e b e e n se v e nca ste -re la te d murde rs. The se e ming-ly low gure is signi ca ntb e ca usethe se v e n pe ople lostthe ir liv e s onlyb e ca use of the lowe r socia l sta tus a s-crib e d to the m b y b irth. A nd theSta te re v e ls in ca lling itse lf progre s-siv e a nd mode rn. The murde rs we reof a grue some na ture ; itwa s a s ifsome v e nge a nce wa s b e ing e xa cte d.Only some of the se ca se s ha v eb e e n re giste re d unde r the Sche dule dCa ste s a nd Sche dule d Trib e s ( P re -v e ntion ofA trocitie s) A ct, though onthe fa ce of itthe re a re a de qua tepointe rs to a ca ste a ngle to a ll ofthe m. A na lysis of Na tiona l CrimeRe cords Bure a u ( NCRB) da ta forcrime s a ga instSche dule d Ca ste s un-de r the P re v e ntion of A trocitie s A ctfrom 2001 to 2012 shows tha tMa h-a ra shtra ha d 3,210 re porte d ca se s ofa trocitie s in this pe riod. The Sta tewa s ninth on the list, which Utta rP ra de sh toppe d with 26,378 ca se sfollowe d b yTa mil Na du with 10,845.P riya da rshiTe la ng of Ma nuski, a norga nisa tion tha tca mpa igns for so-cia l justice , sa ys Ma ha ra shtra ha s a na nnua l conv iction ra te of le ss tha n 3pe r ce nta nd thus holds the Sta tere sponsib le for the incre a sing ca stea trocitie s in Ma ha ra shtra " . The la t-e ste a se , the murde r of a young Da litma n in Shirdi, highlights the grow-ing tre nd ofv iole nce a ga instDa lits inMa ha ra shtra . On Ma y 16, nursingstude ntSa ga r She jwa l wa s murde re da nd his b ody mutila te d. The re a sonfor this b ruta lity wa s some thing a sinnocuous a s his ce ll phone ringtone ,Ka ra lciti/1-1' ha lla , ma jb ootBhima -cha killa ( Ra ise your v oice a ll youwa nt, Bhim's fortre ma ins strong) . Itis a song of stre ngth for Da lits, ara llying crywith its re fe re nce s to soli-da rity a nd community toge the rne ssa nd the le a de rship of B.R. A mb e d-ka r. The highe r ca ste s pe rce iv e ita sde a nce , e spe cia lly if the y nurturere se ntme nttowa rds Da lits. This iswha tse e ms to ha v e ha ppe ne d inShirdi.Sa ga r ha d come home to Shirdito a tte nd a we dding. On Ma y 16, hea nd two cousins we ntto a loca l b e e rb a r. A tsome point, his phone ra nga nd this a ppa re ntly a nnoye d someme n in the b a r. Re counting the storyla te r, his b rothe r A ka sh sa id a ma ni\L|. |F :if-1_ _ X_ in_ _ _ _ _ : " '_ h\_ r _ _ _ v _ _ '_ _ _ " _ 4_ U g_ _ _ m\_'_ _ _ _ J Iiy . _ _ ." _ _ _ .\r _ I _ g_ _ $ _ _ ml_ _ . .- _ __ _ __ n 7I PG _ _ I__ huh f up_ A ; i_ _ In _ _ _ _ _ _ ?_ _ I __ _ '_ I _ _ _ " L_ _T: kg _ ,_ r - _ 'J, _ 'i_up , _ l_ _ _ _ 3_ g I _ _ \_ L_I 1___ _ ' _ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ V I1 \_ H\" _ _ _K_ _ _ ! _ g_ _ _ 'V _ _ _ J_ V_ _ _ _ g_ .h wg ,q*_ g_ _ _ 7 _ _ wM_ H, _8 f *__ \ _\ __ _ g _ _g _ _ __ " _ *_ g _ q_ _ _ 1 J 1: . . _ _ _ v _ _ \ _ _ _ _ ( I _ _ _ _ _ q_ _ __ \_ __ ' . 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