FREE STATE PROVINCE 1 SEPTEMBER 2015 PROVINCIAL MANAGER BONAKELE MAYEKISO HOME AFFAIRS – PORTFOLIO...
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Transcript of FREE STATE PROVINCE 1 SEPTEMBER 2015 PROVINCIAL MANAGER BONAKELE MAYEKISO HOME AFFAIRS – PORTFOLIO...
FREE STATE PROVINCE
1 SEPTEMBER 2015
PROVINCIAL MANAGER
BONAKELE MAYEKISO
HOME AFFAIRS – PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE
2
Table of ContentsCONTENT SLIDE NO.
Introduction and Background 1-4
Vision and mission, National Outcomes and Departmental Strategic Goals 5-7
Provincial Management & Demarcation 8
Footprint for the Province 9 - 12
SERVICES 13 – 22
Civic Services
Birth Registration 2014/2015 – 2015/2016 Comparison
Unabridged
Late Registration of Birth -
Identity Documents First and Reissue
Duplicate Cases
Passport
13-14
15
16
17-20
21
22
IMMIGRATION SERVICES
Port Control Statistics
Inspectorate Statistics
23
24
3
CONTENT SLIDE NO.
Photos of office and outreach25 – 27
SUPPORT SERVICES
Staff Profile and Capacity level
Performance Management
Staff Development and Staff Engagement
Employee Wellness
Provincial Finances (Budget Expenditure & Revenue Collection) and Assets Fleet Management
Counter Corruption & Prevention
Labour Relations Cases
Vetting and Security
Achievement and Challenges
28 - 29
30
31 - 32
33
34 - 39
40
41-42
43
44-45
46 -47
Thank you 48
4
INTRODUCTION & BACKGROUNDNTRODUCTION & BACKGROUND The Free State Province in the RSA, accounting 6% of SA population.
Has a population estimated at 2.8 Million as released by Stats SA.
The Province has 4 District Municipalities and one Metropolitan Municipality.
DHA Offices in Free State are aligned to 4 District Municipalities and 1 Metropolitan Municipality.
The launching of Stakeholder Forums on the District and Local Municipalities have greatly improved the way of delivering services especially in rural areas.
Monitoring & Evaluation of the departmental performance relating to DHA is at the centre of Service Delivery Improvement Plan.
The department in the province is operating in terms of the minister outcomes.
Internal Structures Youth Forum, Gender Committee and Dha Cadre
We are targeting all rural areas to end the Late Registration of Birth (LRB)
5
STRATEGIC OVERVIEWSTRATEGIC OVERVIEW
VISION STATEMENT
A safe, secure South Africa where all of its people are proud of, and value,
their identity and citizenship.
MISSION
The efficient determination and safeguarding of the identity and status of
citizens and the regulation of migration to ensure security, promote
development and fulfil our international obligation.
VALUE STATEMENTThe DHA is committed to be:•People-centred and caring, Patriotic•Professional and having integrity, •Corruption free and ethical,•Efficient and innovative.
6
MINISTER PERFORMANCE AGREEMENT IN TERMS OF NATIONAL MINISTER PERFORMANCE AGREEMENT IN TERMS OF NATIONAL OUTCOMESOUTCOMES
The 12 National outcomes are at the heart of the strategic planning process of the The 12 National outcomes are at the heart of the strategic planning process of the
Government and DHA is accounting for three as per the signed Minister`s Government and DHA is accounting for three as per the signed Minister`s
performance agreement. The departmental relevant out comes areperformance agreement. The departmental relevant out comes are
NATIONAL OUTCOME 3NATIONAL OUTCOME 3
All People in South Africa are free and feel safe
NATIONAL OUTCOME 5NATIONAL OUTCOME 5
Skilled and capable workforce to support an inclusive growth path.
NATIONAL OUTCOME 12NATIONAL OUTCOME 12
An efficient, effective and development orientated public service and an empowered, fair and
inclusive citizenship
7
DEPARTMENTAL STRATEGIC ORIENTED GOALS (OUTCOMES)DEPARTMENTAL STRATEGIC ORIENTED GOALS (OUTCOMES)
STRATEGIC OUTCOME ORIENTED GOAL 1STRATEGIC OUTCOME ORIENTED GOAL 1
Secure South African citizenship and identity engineered by the Civic
Services Unit
STRATEGIC OUTCOME ORIENTED GOAL 2STRATEGIC OUTCOME ORIENTED GOAL 2
Immigration managed effectively and securely in the national interest
including economic, social and cultural development engineered by the
Immigration Unit
STRATEGIC OUTCOME ORIENTED GOAL 3STRATEGIC OUTCOME ORIENTED GOAL 3
A service that is efficient, accessible and corruption free to be
realised by all the departmental Units.
8
PROVINCIAL MANAGEMENT AND DERMACATION – NEW OPERATING MODEL
9
DHA FOOTPRINT PRESENTLY– FREE STATE
Department Home AffairsRepublic of South Africa
Large officeLarge office
Small officeSmall office
10
DHA FOOTPRINT FUTURE – FREE STATE
Department of Home AffairsRepublic of South Africa
Local Small officeLocal Small office
Large officeLarge office
Planned officePlanned office
11
Provincial Profile
Distribution of DHA offices within these districts
M/O Koffiefontein M/O Zastron
S/O Trompsburg
S/O Jacobsdal
L/O Bloemfontein
M/O Botshabelo
S/O Thaba Nchu
S/O Ladybrand
11 Service points
L/O Phuthaditjhaba
M/O Bethlehem
M/O Harrismith
3 S/O16 Service Points
D/O KroonstadD/O Sasolburg3 S/O13 Service points
L/O WelkomM/O Bultfontein
4 S/O
12 Service points
146 258
747 431
736 237
488 036
627 626
XHARIEP
S/O Wepener
16 Service Points
5 Offices
4 Offices
6 Offices
5 Offices
6 Offices
3 Hospitals
6 Hospitals
9 Hospitals
6 Hospitals
5 Hospitals
12
SUMMARY OF THE CURRENT FOOTPRINT FOR THE FREE STATE PROVINCE
TYPE OF OFFICEDHA current
footprint Operational
Non Operational due to
accommodation challenges
Local Office Large ( former RO) Bloemfontein Large
Welkom Large
Phuthaditjhaba Large
3 Phuthaditjhaba still in the building phase we operate from an
old Magistrate building
Local Office Average ( former DO) 9 9 N/A
Local Office Small (former PSP) 13 13 N/A
Health Facilities (HSP) 26 26
Ports of Entry (POE) 8 8
Mobile Offices 11 6
Thusong Service Centre (TSC) 6 6
Total 76 71
Overview of footprint per type of DHA service point (SP)
*
13
BIRTH REGISTRATION- STATISTICS 2015/2016
BIRTH REGISTRATION APPLICATIONS
MONTH2015/2016 30 DAYS
31 DAYS & above TOTAL
PREVIUOS YEAR2014/2015 30DAYS
31 DAYS & ABOVE TOTAL
Apr-15 4117 861 4978 Apr-14 3178 998 4176
May-15 3823 903 4726 May-14 3353 1088 4441
Jun-15 4002 748 4750 Jun-14 3384 1041 4425
July-15 3585 867 4452 July -14 3711 1016 4727
TOTAL 15527 3379 18906 TOTAL 13626 4143 17769
14
ANNUAL TARGET: Projected to 45517 births registered within 30 days of the birth event against the estimated 1.1 million births per annum, (Quarterly Target is 11379 total births to be registered)
ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE IN RELATION TO STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE TARGET THE STANDARD HAS BEEN PARTIALLY ACHIEVED
We have registered 15527 births within 30 days for the quarter one and the Month of July 2015, and 13626 births within 30 days for quarter 1 and the month of July 2014 this shows a definite increase in birth registration during this financial year.
We are still experiencing a high number of births registered after 30 days, in the last financial year 2014/2015 we registered 4143 and during the same period this year we registered 3379 we have made a significant improvement of registering less 764 births outside the required 30 days.
We will be deploying more full time staff in areas were the hospital births is more to ensure all children's are registered within 30 days.
Challenges/Reasons for non achievement
Priorities' hospital staff.
Visitation to be improved.
Way forward/Remedial action
•Continuous engagements with stakeholders and our education programs at the hospitals
Type of Evidence
•NPR REPORT
15
UNABRIDGED BIRTH APPLICATIONS FROM 01 APRIL – 15 AUGUST 2015
Office No of Application
No of Certificates
issues
No of outstanding applications
Equivalent letters issued
FREE STATE 4376 2585 1529 241
16
LATE REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS (LRB)- STATISTICSITEMS NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS
Closing balance of LRB cases as at 31 March 2015 2103
Number of LRB applications received (April-July) 1278
Number of applications approved 890
Number of applications rejected 122
Number of applications referred to IMS for investigations 63
TOTAL NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS ON HAND 1028
17
1ST Issues and Re- Issues- ID SMART CARD STATISTICS
ID SMART CARD APPLICATIONS
MONTH2015/2016 1 ST ISSUE RE-ISSUES TOTAL
PREVIUOS YEAR 2014/2015 1 ST ISSUE RE- ISSUE TOTAL
Apr-15 2226 7076 9302 Apr-14 295 7518 7813
May-15 1748 7563 9311 May-14 283 7616 7899
Jun-15 1927 7406 9333 Jun-14 641 5088 5729
July – 15 2785 7649 10434 July -14 1219 6781 8000
TOTAL 8686 29694 38380 TOTAL 2438 27003 29441
18
1ST Issues ID and Re- Issues- STATISTICS
ID OLD GREEN BARCODE APPLICATIONS
MONTH2015/2016 1 ST ISSUE RE-ISSUES TOTAL
PREVIUOS YEAR 2014/2015 1 ST ISSUE RE- ISSUE TOTAL
Apr-15 276 1407 1683 Apr-14 1842 1864 3706
May-15 524 643 1167 May-14 1187 2985 4172
Jun-15 266 543 809 Jun-14 821 1839 2660
July–15 869 823 1692 July -14 1056 989 2045
TOTAL 1935 3416 5351 TOTAL 4906 7677 12583
19
Identity for first issue and Re-issue
20
DHA Annual Target 3.4.2.2: First & Re-issue ID’s received from Head Office registered on T&T by front offices within 1 day
BASELINE
ANNUAL TARGET
QUARTER 1 TARGET 2014/2015
QUARTER 1ACTUAL2014/2015
QUARTER 1 TARGET2015/2016
QUARTER 4 ACTUAL 2015/2016
ANALYSIS
One day to register ID received at Front Office
One day to register ID received at Front Office
One day to register ID received at Front Office
One day to register ID received at Front Office
One day to register ID received at Front Office
One day to register ID received at Front Office
The Province has performed very well with the registration of first identity application vs Re-issue application for the first quarter both in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016.
Achieved Achieved
PROGRESS PER QUARTER
2014/2015 First Issue = 4906Re-Issue = 7677
2015/2016First Issue = 1935Re-Issue = 3416
One day to register ID received at Front Office
One day to register ID received at Front Office
Type of evidence
Track and Trace reports
21
ITEMS NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS
Duplicates cases on hand as at 31 March 2015 87
Number of new duplicate cases received (April-July) 38
Cases referred to HO for issuance of Identity document 21
Number of unfinalized cases 66
DUPLICATES CASES - STATISTICS
22
PASSPORT TYPE NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS
Tourist Passports (NORMAL) 5934
Child Passports 2389
Official Passports 29
Maxi Passports 489
TOTAL 8841
PASSPORT APPLICATIONS – STATISTICS- APRIL- JULY 2015
7062
23
IMMIGRATIONS STATISTICS – APRIL – JULY 2015 MONTHS PERIOD
PORT CONTROL STATISTICS
PORT
Arrival Departure TOTAL
RSA Foreigner RSA Foreigner
Caledonspoort 38 108 77 148 39 085 75 409 229 750
Ficksburg 113 817 461 901 112 225 355 588 1 043 531
Makhaleen Bridge 1 467 9 319 1 347 4 429 16 562
Maseru bridge122 657 447 375
131 304 411 693 1 113 029
Monontsha Pass 0 0 0 0
Peka Bridge 3 571 9 305 2 248 4 006 19 130
Sephapus Gate 151 876 100 487 1 614
Van Rooyensgate 17 672 76 032 16 260 57 725 167 689
TOTAL297 443 1 081 956 302 569 909 337 2 591 305
24
Annual Target: 01 April – 30 June 2015
Ensure an efficient and effective law enforcement function within the IMS
ProvinceSuccessful
prosecution of employers
Transgressors of departmental
legislation successfully prosecuted
Number of illegal foreigners / overstayers
detected
Number of illegal immigrants / overstayers
deported within 30 days (direct)
Number of illegal immigrants
deported to Lindela
Cases referred to Inspectorate
investigated within 28 days
BLOEMFONTEIN 1 248 248 198 198 0
BOTSHABELO 0 0 41 27 27 22
KOFFIEFONTEIN 0 0 12 11 1 10
ZASTRON 48 52 128 103 103 98
WELKOM 1 83 393 190 84 58
KROONSTAD 4 25 21 162 2 19
SASOLBURG 0 66 100 53 100 2
BETHLEHEM 05 50 110 93 63 0
PHUTHADITJHABA
03 100 100 88 01 02
MASERU POE 0 161 156 138 4 2
FICKSBURG POE
Van Rooyen Gate 1 156 156 156 0 1
TOTAL 63 941 1465 1219 583 214
25
26
27
28
STAFF PROFILE AS AT END JULY 2015
LEVEL MALE DISABILITY FEMALE DISABILTY TOTAL14 1 0 1
13 1 3 4
12 5 1 6
11 0 1 1
10 13 3 16
9 1 2 3
8 26 23 49
7 28 35 63
6 170 5 191 1 367
5 11 2 13
3 14 19 33
TOTALS 270 05 280 1 556
29
CAPACITY LEVELSPROVINCE Total
Establishment
APPROVED ESTABLISH
MENT
FILLED VACANT FUNDED POSITION
S
PERCENTAGE CAPACITATED
ON FILLED POSTS
CS IMS SUPPORT
FREE STATE707 592 556 0 33 3 36 94%
GRAND TOTAL
707 592 556 0 33 3 36 94%
30
DESCRIPTIONPERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS
PERCENTAGE (%)
PMDS conducted (2014/15) Conducted 100%
PMDS conducted 2015/16 (Half yearly) Due end of Sept 2015 Expected 100%
Performance agreements 2015/2016 capture
98% contracted as 3 officials are on incapacity leave (Radebe: R; Semele K, Blankwe: M A and the 18 interns.
PERFORMANANCE MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
31
MONTHTRAINING CONDUCTED EQUITY
APRIL Diamond release (Modernization• 57 Females• 36 Males
2015 MAY 17 – 2015 MAY 18
Unabridged certificate: New Regulation (People travelling with minors)
• 15 Females• 39 Males
2015 MAY 18 – 2015 JULY 17
Port of Entry Skills Programme National Certificate: Home Affairs Services
• 7 Females• 12 Males
2015 AUGUST 11-2015 AUGUST 14
DHA Induction• 4 Females• 8 Males
TOTAL 178 Employee
STAFF DEVELOPMENT
32
INTERACTION OF STAFF
The Province interact with staff through the following meetings:
Top Provincial Management (SMS) – Fortnightly.Provincial Management meetings (SMS, Provincial Support & Office Managers) - MonthlyDistrict Management Meeting (Local Office Managers & Support) - WeeklyStaff Meetings – WeeklyQuarterly Reviews Meetings
STAFF ENGAGEMENTS
33
KEY AREA ACTIVITIES
Occupational Health & Safety
Conducted OHS audit on 14 x Offices in April 2015 and developed reports with recommendations in 3 districts
Employee Wellness Support activities
• 1 x counselling intervention provided for: trauma, health related problems on 1 x employee• Quality of work-life intervention provided to 2
officials, focusing on PILIR• 1 x Candle-light memorial & 1 x blood donation
held in the Province
Men's Health Awareness- 56 Officials during different sport 0n the 08 July
2015.
ICAS
- The company has been contracted to render employee wellness services. -2 x referrals made during the period under review
EMPLOYEE WELLNESS
34
BUDGET ITEMBudget 2015/16
Actual Expendit
ure YTD(R)
Outstanding Commitment
s-YTD
Total Projected expenditureApril- July
2015/16
YTDSavings/ (Overspending
YTDBudget Expenditure
(%)
1
‘0002
‘0003
‘0004 (2+3)
‘0005 (1-4)
‘0006
(4÷1)
Comp of Employees
138, 470 47, 339 0 47,339 91,131 34%
Goods and Services
10,757 6,023 871 6,894 3,863 64%
Provincial & Local Government
99 0 0 0 99 0
Household 137 44 0 44 93 32%
Capital Assets
42 0 0 0 42 0
TOTAL R149,505 R 53,406 R 871 R54,277 R 95,228 36%
BUSINESS UNIT MONTHLY FINANCIAL REPORT – 2015/16
35
NOTES FROM FINANCIAL REPORT
The Provincial Goods and service is under tremendous pressure, as at 31 July 2015 the expenditure was sitting at 60% instead of a 33,33% norm.
Total expenditure for the previous Financial year was over R18 million for goods ands services but the total amount allocated for this Financial year is just above R9 million. Therefore the estimated additional budget requested amounts to R8 million
This risk was projected by the province hence the submission of the budget pressure document to budget committee, where areas of concerns were raised that:
Although 34 G-FLEET Vehicles were returned due to the lapsing of the contract only 17 vehicles were procured due to budget constraints.
Out of 74 DHA owed vehicles 44% exceed 160 000 kilometers these cars are expensive to maintain.
12 vehicle were disposed end of March 3 write off and 9 had above 250 000KM.
Appointment of official outside the Province also puts pressure on the Province as relocation cost are very expensive.
36
Payment of Invoices within 30 days ( April – July 2015)
Total nr of invoices received
Nr of invoices paid within 30 days
Age breakdown of unpaid invoices Comments
Older than 30 days
Older than 60 days
Older than 90 days
408 400 5 2 1
408 400 5 2 1
37
Payment of Invoices outside 30 days ( April – July 2015)
NO. SUPPLIER NAME ORDER NUMBER
INVOICE NUMBER
REASONS NOT CAPTURED ON LOGIS
1 TRAVEL WITH FLAIR FS-002549 0022841
Delay in implementation of shifting of funds from Head Office to Province (Minister Imbizo)
2 SKY NET FS-002034 29906779648 System Error
3 SKY NET FS-002034 29906850567 System Error
4 SKY NET FS-002009 89900869995 System Error
5 SKY NET FS-002009 89900908065 System Error
6 TRAVEL WITH FLAIR FS-002507 1912263 Delay in sundry payment
7 GPW NO ORDER INV000034088 Technical error
8 KONICA MINOLTA FS-001998 901187606 Insufficient funds
38
Assets classification
Number of assets
Value of assets ‘000
Number of assets
Value of assets ‘000
Number of assets
Value of assets ‘000
%Change of No.
2015/16 2014/15 2013/14
Minor Assets 11, 192 4, 579, 270
11, 143 4,539,270 8091 9491480.92
0
Capital Assets 1, 650 48, 359, 594
1, 650 48, 359, 594 1119 35643504.05
0
Total Assets 12, 842 939388 64.00
12, 793 52, 898, 864 9210 45134984.97
0
ASSETS REGISTER FREE STATE PROVINCE
39
NOTES TO THE ASSETS REGISTER
Minor assets: balance beginning of the year 11 143, balance end July 11 192 deference 49 ( 8 Chairs procured, 10 new printers, 31 old chairs transferred from HQ)
Major Assets : No deference
There were no disposals for the period in question but 795 assets to the value of R3 346 975.34 were deposed in March 2015. The disposed furniture was absolute and It assets were disposed as per IT Technical report.
The BAUD system is currently not accessible HQ has temporally closed it as from end of May 2015. The closing of the system for long periods has a direct impact on maintaining a correct asset register in Provinces because during this period updates are done manually increasing a risk of the Asset Register not being electronically updated when it does open.
40
KEY AREA NUMBER PERCENTAGE
Total Number of vehicles in the Province 91 100%
Number of vehicles involved in accidents 5 5.5%
Number of Functional vehicles 87 94.6%
Total Number of mobile offices 10 100%
Number of Functional mobiles 4 40%
Number of dysfunctional mobile (It issues) 6 60%
GRAND TOTAL FUNCTIONAL 91 99%
FLEET MANAGEMENT
41
CORRUPTION PREVENTION AND PROSECUTION
NATURE OF OFFENCE PROGRESS
1. Fraud and Corruption(BETHLEHEM)
2. Fraud and Corruption (Caledonspoort)
1. Official dismissed. Criminal matter to be heard on 14-15 September 2015.2. Official dismissed. 8 Officials dismissed. Criminal matter to be heard on 23-27 November 2015 and 8-12 February 2016. (Arbitration in process)
42
CORRUPTION PREVENTION AND PROSECUTION
KEY AREA
NUMBER OF CASES
STATUS
Opening balance of cases as at 01 April 2015 1 Still under investigation – complainant is abroad
Previous year cases under-investigation 1 Still under investigation – complainant is abroad
Number of New cases RECEIVED (April-July 2015)
11 3 x Finalized
8 x Under investigation
Arrests ( officials ) 1 Awaiting departmental hearing date
Projects driven investigation to address Corruption
2 Welkom and Bethlem
Closing Balance 9
43
LABOUR RELATION CASES
KEY AREA
NUMBER OF CASES
OUTCOMESFraud & Corruption 1 Awaiting
departmental hearing date
Improper Conduct 1 Under investigation
Financial Misconduct 0 None
Closing Balance 2
44
KEY AREA ACTIVITIES
DHA is a security DepartmentAll employees are expected to undergo security vetting.
AppointmentsCurrent staff complement is 556 including the 10 newly appointed officials in the first quarter
Number of security clearances issued Number of clearances issued to date 93
Pending security Clearances
61 (Z204) files submitted to State Security Agency for registration and evaluation in the 2015/16 financial year
Security Clearances Denied 0
Number of security clearances forms issued ( Z 204)
13 Z204 forms issued; 13 Z204 forms pendingBreakdown 1 (SMS), 2 (MMS) and 10 (level 1 to 9).
VETTING
45
KEY AREA ACTIVITIES
Security Services
KSA Security contracted to render security services (01 November 2014)
21 x security Offices Provincial Security Advisory Committee
established and launched on 20/03/2015 Emergency Evacuation Plan was
developed and approved by the Disaster Management, PM & Chief Directorate: Physical Security
Security Awareness Security awareness conducted on a
monthly basis
Cash In Transit Fidelity Cash Solution security company
contracted to provide cash in transit at --9- offices in the Province.
SECURITY SERVICES
46
Issue Achievements What has improved
1. Service delivery
1. Highest number of Smart ID cards printed in the Province;
2. Four high impact service delivery programmes successfully implemented in the Province
3. Hospital connectivity – all hospitals connected and a number of clinics
4. Maseru and Ficksburg plan for processing of travellers.
1. Stakeholder relations strengthened Accessibility enhanced
2. Improved corporate governance within the province.
2. Recruitment1. Appointment of Control inspector officials and
Inspectorate officials inland.1. Improved leadership in inspectorate services
3. Infrastructure
1. Modernization of Medium and Large offices 9 out of 12.2. Thaba Nchu and Phuthaditjhaba offices progress on the building is 90% finish.
1.Improved services on modernization will be realised in the financial year 2016/2017 .
4. Finance1. Improved turnaround times in payment of
invoices.2. Clearance of bank exceptions.
1.Improved financial management, aiming to pay 100% performance.
5. Partnership with other government departments
1. Collaboration in common projects with sister department .
1.Education on other s DHA services available besides IDs and Birth Certificates (e.g. Training of stakeholder form members, learners were educated about passports).
Achievements
46
47
ISSUES CHALLENGES WHAT NEEDS TO BE DONE
Infrastructure at the
Borders
Office space to Provide quality services to
clients.
Insufficient houses and office space for staff in
Maseru, Ficksburg, Calendonspoort, and Van
Rooyen’s Gate and Sephapo Gate
Bloemfontein Medium Office, Thaba Nchu,
Zastron and Provincial Managers Office.
Thaba Nchu and Zastron office does not have
online verification due to the infrastructure
challenges
Accommodation should be provided to staff.
Public works to expedite this process as
clients are revolting against the department.
Lesotho citizens that frequent Free State and
overstay.
Deportation of Lesotho citizens is done weekly
and this exercise often proofs futile as most of
the deportees come back.
South Africa and Lesotho should have
bilateral and review policy on how to deal
with illegal foreigners from Lesotho
Challenges and possible solutions
48
THANK YOU
KE YA LEBOGA
DANKIE
NDIYABULELA