Practical Architecture: Aligning Business Strategy with IT Vision

Franco RothnerSolution SpecialistMicrosoft SASession Code: ARC301

Agenda

1.Why architect2.The process of architecture3.Identifying the right people - toolsets4.Aligning and Delivering Architecture -

Frameworks and models5.Organizational Insight - Understanding your

organization6.Do’s and Dont’s

Definition - ArchitectArchitecture is a business in which technical knowledge, management, and an understanding of business are as important as design.

The architect makes high-level design choices much more often than low-level choices. In addition, the architect may sometimes dictate technical standards, including coding standards, tools, or platforms, so as to advance business goals rather than to place arbitrary restrictions on the choices of developers.

The enterprise architect handles business-related software decisions that frequently can involve multiple software systems within an organization, spanning several projects teams, and often at more than one site.

the developer of the structure of a computer system or program

Why do I need an Architect

The Winchester House - http://www.winchestermysteryhouse.com/

Why do I need an ArchitectWinchester House Facts

• 38 Years of Construction• 147 Builders• 0 Architects• 160 Rooms• 40 Bedrooms• 6 Kitchens• 2 Basements• 950 Doors• Cost $5,5million

Winchester House Facts

• 65 Doors to blank walls• 13 Abandoned Staircases• 24 Skylights in the floor

No architectural Blueprint Exists

Interpretation of the ObjectiveTuscany - Business Tuscany - IT

Value

Scope

EA = TA Reduce IT cost and enhance operations

EA = EWITA Enhance Value Management

EA = BA + EWITA Enhance Business/IT Alignment

Evolution of Enterprise Architecture

ChallengesBusiness CIO Operations CFO

I know what my business does...

How long is it going to take?

Why do you want to change it, we have been doing things like this for years and it works

Show me how this will effect the bottom line...

Isn’t that an IT role... Let me decide on what is the right direction...

What you are proposing is impossible...

How did you get to that number?

Surely the process is optimised...

How must I know, I was in finance before this job....

You want to get rid of Unix?

Let me worry about the budgets...

We cannot do this improve this any further...

You want to pay him what???!!!!

The mainframe will always be here...

The Process of Architecture

Architecting Process

Requirements DesignAnalysis

DesignConscious effort to create something that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing

All architecture is design.Not all design is architecture.

Architectural Levels

Put the large rocks in the place first

Financial Services

Retail Banking

Procurement

Identity Management

User

1

2

3

4

5

Industry

Enterprise in an industry

Component in a system

Object in a component

Design all things by considering them in their larger contexts

1

2

3

4

5

Architecture focusBusiness Projects

IT Projects

ArchitectureNew / New

Priority

Process

Data/Information

Application

Technology

Existing

Additional

New

Reso

urce

Ava

ilabi

lity

Budg

et

Objectives of an Architect

Creating the right Architecture

Vision and strategy

Required architecture and

priorities

Specifications and standards

Using the architecture

Governance and alignment

Scorecards and measurement

Architecture Adoption through deployment

Governance and feedback

Value calculation and ratification

The role of an architect

Organization Mission

Operating Model

IT

Organization Vision

Business

Providing Banking Services to unbanked

South Africa

Providing banking services to 40% of all unbanked South

Africans over the next 10 years by providing affordable banking

in the medium most suited.

Provide access to the unbanked South African market through

delivery of low cost banking services through retail bank branches, ATM

and cellular phone channels.

Provide people, process and technology solutions to enable banking the unbanked in South

Africa

Architect, Plan, Design and Build the systems to cater for

12 million users within the next 10 years with system

availability of 90%

Systems for branch and cellular phone banking will be delivered in the Plan, Build Run Model and will

ensure 90% availability through appropriate HA and DR policies

Mapping IT To BusinessBusiness IT IT How?

1. Improve customer satisfaction by 15% in next 12 months by reducing customer wait time in branches.

Ensure branch systems service level SLA at 90% over the next 12 months

1. Remove single points of application failure.

2. Remove single points of hardware failure.

3. Address network SLA and guarantee 95% availability

2. Grow cell phone banking from 10000 to 20000 users in 18 months.

Ensure cell phone banking functionality is available

1. Is application multi platform?2. Ease of use of application?3. Reliability of the application?

3. Improve the turnaround time for customer loan applications from 12 hours to 1 hour.

Straight through electronic processing of application will reduce processing time

1. Workflow scanned documents with electronic application.

2. Understand approval process and messaging requirements

4 Reduce Operational Cost Reduce infrastructure, operational and licensing cost.

1. Virtualize2. Consolidate 3. Optimise

Accountability and delivery

CIO Scorecard

CTO Scorecard

Architecture

Deploy/Build Operations

Reduce Cost

Reduce Cost

Reduce Cost

Reduce Cost

Reduce Cost

Roles and Responsibilities of ArchitectThe RACI model is a powerful tool utilized to define roles and responsibilities. In general, you match up roles and responsibilities with processes. The tool is extremely useful when rolling out a new change management program, or just uncovering the processes that make your organization function and identifying the participation in those processes

R Responsible – owns the project/problem. A To whom “R” is Accountable who must sign off (approve) on the work before it is effective. C To be Consulted – has information and/or capability necessary to complete the work. I To be Informed – must be notified of the results but need not be consulted.T - Time

Activity Responsible Accountable Consulted Informed By when

Finalize strategic middleware providers

HOD – Technology Architecture

CTO OperationsSupport DevelopmentSecurity

CIOCOOPartner Manager

1 June 2010

Delivering Architecture - Frameworks and models

FrameworksThe Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) is a framework for enterprise architecture which provides a comprehensive approach to the design, planning, implementation, and governance of an enterprise information architecture.

The architecture is typically modelled at four levels or domains; Business, Application, Data, Technology. A set of foundation architectures are provided to enable the architecture team to envision the current and future state of the architecture

The Zachman Framework is a framework for enterprise architecture, which provides a formal and highly structured way of viewing and defining an enterprise

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOGAF

Governance Model

http://www.hud.gov/offices/cio/ea/newea/resources/

Identifying the right people - toolsets

Responsibilities of the Architect

Technical

Solving interesting technical problems

Using different

design patters

Choosing technology

Non Technical Related Work

Perception

Non Technical Related Work

Reality

Surviving the politics and

hidden agendas

Ensuring buy in and

participation

Foster support and agreement

Technical

Who Does What Best?

Requirements DesignAnalysis

Business Analyst

DeveloperIT Professional .

Architect

Skills and Attributes - Roles

ArchitectRoadmap

and Planning

Design Deploy Maintain

C L P C L P C L P C L P C L P

High

Med

Low

Individual Competencies

Business•Organizational politics•Strategy•Process and tactical approach•Timing

Personal•Leadership•Communication•Perseverance•Ethics•EQ•IQ

Technical•Technology Strategy•Technology MBA – MCA Infrastructure•Technology Detail/MCA

Identifying Architectural candidatesMyers-Briggs (MBTI Indicator)

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment is a psychometric questionnaire designed to measure psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions.

Fundamental to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is the theory of psychological type as originally developed by C. G. Jung. Jung proposed the existence of two dichotomous pairs of cognitive functions:

The "rational" (judging) functions: thinking and feelingThe "irrational" (perceiving) functions: sensing and intuition

The 4 Dichotomies

Extraversion Introversion

Sensing iNtuition

Thinking Feeling

Judging Perceiving

Architect Profiles

What should I be looking for?

Why is it so difficult to find?

Organizational Insight - Understanding the one you are in

Organizational Structure – friend or foe

CEO

CFO

CIO

CTO

Arc hit ec ture

I T Operations

Dev elopment

COO

IT as a cost centre

CEO

CFO COO

CIO

CTO

Architecture

I T Operati

onsDevelopment

IT as a necessary evil Strategic PartnerCEO

CFO COO CIO

CTO

Ar c hit ec t ur e I T Oper a tions Dev elopm ent

Reduce Cost

SLA Uptime

Enable Busines

s

Practical Architecture Tips

Do’s and Don’ts1. Communication is paramount.2. Executive and Business buy in for architecture is a necessity.3. Governance structure is important – Prescriptive vs. Participative4. Keep it relevant and delivery focussed.5. Get involved up front.6. Measure, Measure and Measure.7. Something does not exist until it is documented....8. Effective lobbying saves a lot of time9. Understand your audience.10.Hire the right people for the right jobs.11.Be tough, bit not ignorant.12.Become the trusted advisor of the CEO and CIO.13.Don’t forget the legacy

In conclusion1. What is Architecture2. Why we architect3. The process of architecture and how we align business

objectives4. Identifying the right people5. Looking at architectural toolsets6. Understood organizational structure7. Covered some high level do’s and don’ts

question & answer

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