NMM Project Proposal

1. Title of the proposed project:

Towards understanding the biases in the model SST, wind field and

rainfall in the Climate Forecasting System for the Monsoon - Indian Ocean

domain (30E, 120E, 30S & 30N).

2. Brief information about Principal Investigator (PI) and Co-PI(s) :PI :

Name : Dr.SSVS Ramakrishna

Date of birth : 18-9-1959

Institution: Department of Meteorology and Oceanography Andhra University

Qualification : M.Sc, Ph.D

Co- PI :

Name: Dr. C.V.Naidu

Date of birth: 1-6-1964

Institution: Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University

Qualification: M.Sc, Ph.D.

Consultant 1:

Name : Dr. R.R.Rao

Date of birth : 16-4-1949

Institution : Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University

Qualification : M.Sc(Tech.), Ph.D.

Consultant 2:

Name : Dr V. B. Rao

Date of birth : 16-10-1941

Institution : Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University

Qualification : M.Sc(Tech.), Ph.D.

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Consultant 3:

Name : Dr. D.V. Bhaskar Rao

Date of birth : 30-9-1948

Institution: Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University

Qualification: M.Sc (Tech.), Ph.D.

3. Project Summary :

1. Proposed work

1.1 Intellectual merit of the proposed work

The Climate Forecast System (CFS) developed at NCEP is a fully coupled ocean-land-atmosphere model and presently implemented and used for making long-term integrations at IITM for the assessment of dynamical seasonal prediction of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) as part of the Indian Monsoon Mission (IMM) . The NCEP CFS model is being run at T382 (~100 km) horizontal resolution coupled with MOM4 ocean model and dynamical sea ice and land surface models. A suite of model integrations have been completed with different land surface processes, cumulus convection schemes, PBL schemes, and sea-ice model that yielded daily outputs as related to the different experiments of the physical processes. It is important to assess the performance of the model in forecasting rainfall on different time scales for different forecast lead times. The model outputs for retrospective forecasts for the recent 28 years that are available at IITM show large biases in the wind field, rainfall and SST. So there is a strong need to characterize and understand the causative factors that contribute to these biases in the wind field, rainfall and SST on different time scales for different lead times of integration. These model outputs and the corresponding observed fields would be analyzed to assess the model performance in the prediction of ISM on different time scales.

1.2 Broader Impact of the proposed work

The evolution of ISM is being predicted on hindcast mode with initial conditions taken from the preceding January, February, March, April and May conditions. Detailed analysis of archived model outputs obtained for different numerical experiments would reveal the performance of the model in reproducing the observed variability in the wind field, rainfall and SST. This study would lead to identify the characteristics and possible causes for the

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bias and suggest remedial measures for probable improvement of the prediction of ISM rainfall. These biases in the fields such as winds, SST and rainfall will throw light on the limitations of the model modules which do not perform satisfactorily. This study would be helpful for the model improvement.

Project Description:

2. Research Objectives

The project envisages to address the following :

Characterization of biases in the wind field, SST and rainfall and their spatio-temporal variability

Identification of causative mechanisms for the observed biases in the wind field, SST and rainfall

Suggestion of remedial measures to reduce these biases

3. Statement of Work (methodology to be adopted)

Module 1: Towards understanding the bias in SST in the Climate Forecasting System model (Consultant: Dr R R Rao)

a) Possible reasons for the observed bias in SST simulation

Many atmosphere-ocean coupled models simulate either warm or cold SSTs in

the tropical ocean basins. The Arabian Sea SST biases are common in coupled models

and may therefore influence the monsoon and its sensitivity to climate change. The

probable causative mechanisms that contribute to the observed biases in SST are

attributed to inaccurate parameterization of the atmospheric forcing fields and the oceanic

processes. Some processes such as solar radiation and advection of warm waters

contribute to heating while net long wave radiation, evaporation, sensible heat flux,

advection of cooler waters, entrainment and upwelling contribute to cooling and hence

these processes must be quantified accurately. In regions of large fresh water forcing -

occurrence of barrier layer must be simulated accurately. Therefore in the Bay of Bengal

and the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean - the salinity effects on SST need to be simulated

properly. The SST is also sensitive to accurate definition of MLD. The evolution of MLD

is controlled by both surface meteorological forcing and as well as by the evolution of

pycnocline influenced by surface wind stress curl and propagating long period waves and

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this needs to be simulated accurately. Therefore errors in the above mentioned fields and

physical processes will lead to biases in SST.

b) Present proposal

The IITM has carried out simulations with the CFS atmosphere-ocean coupled

model for retrospective forecasts (recent 28 years) for different lead times. The model

outputs show biases in SST with variable signs and magnitudes across the basin. In this

study, it is proposed to address the following issues for the TIO:

Characterization of SST bias and its spatio-temporal variability

Identification of causative mechanisms for the observed SST bias

Suggestion of remedial measures to reduce the observed SST bias

This proposal aims to address the spatial structure of the climatology, intraseasonal

and interannual variability of SST bias through comparison with observations/analysis

and identify possible mechanisms that contribute to the observed bias in SST through

diagnostic studies of the model forcing fields and model outputs generated under

different experiments. All the available in situ and satellite data products on surface

winds, fluxes, subsurface temperature, salinity and current structures would be utilized to

compare and evaluate the performance of the coupled model using approaches such as

pattern correlation, RMS error/bias and absolute error. The local and remote mechanisms

governing low frequency SST variability will be examined in detail.

c) Expected Outcome

The results from the diagnostic studies of the model forcing fields and model

outputs would indicate the model deficiencies in the simulation of the SST on different

time scales. The space-time variability of SST bias across the basin for different lead

times would be known. Analysis of the surface forcing fields and model simulated ocean

outputs would reveal their corresponding deficiencies. Then necessary improvements that

are required to redefine the surface forcing fields, parameterization of various governing

mechanisms towards more accurate simulation of SST in the TIO would be identified.

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Improvements in physics and coupling would lead to improved simulation of SST. This

would be a challenging task given the complexity of dynamical and thermodynamical

coupled physical processes in the TIO. Identification and implementation of corrective

measures to improve the SST biases should be a clear target for the model development.

Module 2: Towards understanding the bias in the wind field in the Climate Forecasting System model (Consultant: Dr V B Rao)

a) Possible reasons for the observed bias in wind field simulation

The wind field is an important component of the monsoons. The monsoon

weather systems are characterized with the knowledge of 3-D distribution of winds.

Rapid changes occur in the wind field and the associated vorticity fields in association

with the onset and progress (active-break cycles, monsoon lows and depressions) of the

monsoons. Hence accurate simulation of wind field assumes special significance. The

low level winds are of vital importance for several monsoon dynamical processes. The

upper level wind fields over the Indian subcontinent also have a strong bearing on several

aspects of the monsoon related phenomena. During the onset regime of the monsoon, the

rapid establishment of a steady westerly winds over the monsoon domain coincides with

the abrupt beginning of rainy season over the southern tip of the Indian peninsula. The

wind field in the lower troposphere is controlled by processes in the PBL and cumulus

convection in the atmosphere. Accurate simulation of the 3-D distribution of temperature

and moisture in the troposphere would set the stage for accurate simulation of wind field.

This indicates that in the tropics accurate simulation of surface pressure fields and rainfall

(and hence SST) will result in the simulation of accurate wind fields.

b) Present Proposal:

We propose to characterize the biases in the modeled wind field with regard to

seasonal mean, intraseasonal variability and interannual variability. The modeled wind

field will be evaluated for different phases of the monsoon such as onset, active-break

cycles, monsoon lows and depressions and monsoon withdrawl with the available

observations/analysis. We will also look at the impact of interannual signals such as

ENSO and IOD on the general behavior of the monsoon both in model output and

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observations. We will also attempt to identify possible reasons for the disagreement. Low

level wind at 850 hPa variations are strongly related to the pressure gradient changes,

which are in turn related to the low level temperature variations as such as changes in

SST. Thus we try to relate biases determined in SST and wind. The low level winds are

also strongly related to the moisture transport from both the Arabian Sea and Bay of

Bengal, which are in turn vital for the rainfall over the continent. We propose to

determine the biases in the wind determined by the CFS system, both direction and speed.

We propose to relate these biases to the boundary layer and moist atmospheric

convection schemes used in the CFS model. We also try to make an attempt to determine

the sensitivity of these biases to the choice of PBL and cumulus convection schemes. To

determine these biases quantitatively we use the standard statistical methods such as the

RMSE, absolute error, pattern correlation and the bias.

c) Expected outcome:

The biases in the CFS model winds will be characterized. The causative

mechanisms that contribute to these biases will be identified. The possible reasons for the

biases in the upper tropospheric winds in particular the TEJ strength will be determined

through simple relations such as thermal winds associated with the temperature gradients.

Suggestions will be made to correct these biases which are expected to improve the

model winds. It is proposed to examine any trends in the CFS output. An attempt will

also be made to rectify these biases through PBL and cumulus convection schemes.

Module 3: Towards understanding the bias in rainfall in the Climate Forecasting System model (Consultant: Dr D V B Rao)

a) Possible reasons for the observed bias in rainfall simulation

The GCMs are constructed to simulate the environmental conditions such as

horizontal and vertical distributions of wind, temperature and humidity, and SST through

interactive feedback mechanisms. The reasons for deficiencies in simulating rainfall

could be due to systematic errors in large scale circulation to which convection responds

and/or due to incorrect responses of the model convection scheme to large-scale

environment. Between these two scenarios, the reasons could be more complex because

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of feedbacks between the convection and environment and between different physical

parameterizations. Our aim is to identify whether biases arise from an unrealistically

simulated large-scale environment, from parameterization errors, or from some complex

interaction between the two. If the errors are due to parameterization we aim to

investigate how the parameterizations might be improved.

In this research part, we will examine the biases in the annual cycle of

precipitation from the several experiments with CFS model to diagnose the relationship

between precipitation and several environmental variables, identify common behaviors

with common biases in precipitation and thus identify to what atmospheric properties

precipitation is most sensitive in the CFS model. This will be achieved through preparing

monthly mean climatology and comparing with NCEP reanalysis for environmental fields

and gridded rainfall for precipitation. The formation and movement of the monsoon

trough during the onset phase and the intraseasonal oscillations of the monsoon trough

during the months of July and August will be examined for identification of bias in

environmental conditions. Correspondingly rainfall analysis will be made to correlate the

rainfall zones and convergence regions.

b) Present proposal

The characteristics of the model derived daily precipitation during ISM season

(i.e.) the four months of June-July-August-September over the different sub-regions of

India from the NCEP CFS would be studied. The model derived daily rainfall will be

compared to gridded rainfall data. Differences in the occurrence of daily rainfall between

the observations and corresponding CFS forecasts will be examined as a function of

forecast lead-time for the 28-year model run period. The bias in CFS will be quantified

by comparing the observations to the CFS forecasts on grids. Enough care will be taken

to see that the quantitative nature of the bias in CFS is preserved although some spatial

details of the gridded observations could be lost.

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An attempt would be made to understand how the different experiments

reproduce the variability of daily rainfall. Model daily rainfall will be compared with

IMD and APHRODITE gridded rainfall. We will examine if there is a consistent

relationship between biases in the distribution of daily rainfall and biases in the monthly

mean, for eg. to see if the model underestimates the frequency of heavy-rain events and

also the monthly accumulation.

The temporal characteristics of daily rainfall will be diagnosed through

autocorrelation of daily precipitation computed for each grid point and then averaged

over the grid points. We will analyze the model simulated large-scale environment from

the model experiments and the NCEP reanalysis to see biases in the large-scale

environment that are consistent with the biases in precipitation. For example,

conservation of moisture will prescribe that the column-integrated moisture convergence

will be equal to precipitation minus evaporation (P – E) and condensational heating

exceeding radiative cooling will be associated with large-scale ascent; the stronger the

precipitation, the stronger the ascent. This will provide an understanding of the

predictability of surface mass convergence and precipitation. The simulated relationship

between surface convergence and precipitation is important in determining what factors

control precipitation in the models. Current theories of tropical precipitation can be

organized in two ways, one is that the convergence of the low level winds determine the

location and intensity of precipitation and the influence of SST is through its control on

the winds via the momentum budget and the other is that precipitation is determined

locally by thermodynamic factors such as boundary layer entropy or moist static energy.

Apart from the relationship between precipitation and large scale environment,

local relationships may also exist (i.e.) the precipitation at any given point could be

related the vertical profiles of temperature and humidity at that location. We will analyze

the vertical profiles of temperature and humidity in dry and rainy conditions as we expect

that the difference in vertical profiles for rainy and dry days reflects climatological

differences, more than day-to-day variability.

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The frequency of wet and dry spells (consecutive wet and dry days) will be

examined. Similarly daily rainfall statistics in relation to ENSO phases (cold and warm

phases) will also be studied. A classification of historical warm (El Niño) and cold (La

Niña) episodes developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s

(NOAA) Climate Prediction Center will be used to develop composites of the observed

daily rainfall statistics by ENSO phase. El Niño and La Niña episodes are identified using

the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI; Kousky and Higgins 2007), which is one of the principal

measures used by NOAA for monitoring and assessing ENSO. The NOAA operational

definitions of El Niño and La Niña are keyed to the ONI (Kousky and Higgins 2007): El

Niño is characterized by a positive ONI ≥ +0.5°C; La Niña is characterized by a negative

ONI ≤ -0.5°C. These definitions will help to properly identify all historical warm and

cold episodes. For comparison purposes, a similar procedure is used to identify ENSO

events in the CFS coupled simulations. Events are chosen using a threshold of ±0.5°C for

3-month running mean SST anomalies in the Niño-3.4 region (5°N–5°S, 120°–170°W).

The model bias in the estimation of precipitation will be studied with respect to different

sub-regions. This type of study will bring out the seasonal dependence of the bias in the

CFS forecasts. This study also aims at assessing the ability of the CFS to produce the

observed daily precipitation characteristics over different sub-regions.

c) Expected Outcome

The bias in rainfall prediction on different time scales will be obtained as per the

methodology presented in the preceding section. For this purpose model outputs derived

from experiments with different schemes of land surface processes, cumulus convection,

PBL and Sea-Ice schemes as archived at IITM will be used along with NCEP reanalysis

fields and IMD/APHRODITE gridded rainfall data over land and satellite derived rainfall

products (TRMM/ CMAP/ GPCP) over ocean region. The analyses is expected to provide

an understanding of the reasons for the biases towards improvement of some of the

dynamical and/or physical processes of the CFS model all to improve the prediction of

ISMR.

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Schedule (Year wise)

Year Activity Expected Outcome

Year - 1 Appointment of project personnel

Acquisition of CFS model outputs

Acquisition of observed in situ and

satellite data sets and analysis fields

Acquisition of computer hardware and

software

Development of computer codes and

graphical packages to characterize

errors/biases

Assembly of model

outputs and data sets

Sample codes for

analysis of

errors/biases

Year - 2 Analysis of model outputs to

characterize biases in wind field, SST

and rainfall

Diagnostic studies to identify possible

reasons for the observed biases in wind

field, SST and rainfall

Sample codes for

analysis of

errors/biases

Understanding of

deficiencies in

boundary forcings/

physical processes

that lead to observed

biases

Year - 3 Completion of tasks shown for Year -2

Identification of remedial measures to

reduce biases

Documentation of results for project

report and journal publications

Knowledge of biases in wind field, SST and rainfall

Improvements to reduce the biases wind field, SST and rainfall

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1.1 Team Composition and expertise

Investigator Qualifications Field of Expertise

PI: Dr SSVS Ramakrishna M.Sc PhD Numerical modeling of tropical cyclones

and monsoon energetics

Co-PI : Dr CV Naidu M.Sc PhD Monsoon diagnostics, interannual

variability of Indian monsoon rainfall

Consultant 1: Dr. R R Rao M.Sc (Tech)

PhD

Indian Ocean warm pool, mixed layer

dynamics

Consultant 2: Dr V B Rao M.Sc (Tech)

PhD

Tropical meteorology and climate

dynamics

Consultant 3: Dr D.V.Bhaskar Rao M.Sc (Tech)

PhD

Numerical modeling of tropical cyclones,

general circulation modeling

Collaborator : Prof Tetsuya Takemi,

Kyoto University, Japan

Ph D Tropical meteorology and modeling

Connections to Operational Forecast and Human Resource Development A good outcome of the seasonal forecast will always help the Indian economy. Also a thorough understanding of the intraseasonal, interannual and spatial variability will help for the better estimates of the rainfall. Development of a thoroughly tested coupled model with improved hindcast skill suitable for the tropical Indian subcontinent is always desirable for use by the national meteorological agency i.e., India Meteorology Department. This project serves as a capacity building platform to train research associates and research fellows.

4. Results from prior MoES support (if any) : NO

[Describe any prior MoES funded work by the PI, Co-PI(s)]

Investigator MoES grant no. Title Year Description

PI

Co-PI

Facilities available at the workspace One IBM Work Station and 2 PCs

4. Budget requirements (with justifications)

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(a) Emoluments for research personnel, technical and administrative support

4.1 Budget requirement for Key personnel

BUDGETDesignation Monthly

Emoluments1st year 2nd year 3rd year Total

Consultant 1 25000 300000 (12) 300000 (12) 3,60,000(12) 9,60,000(36)

Consultant 2 25000 300000 (12) 300000 (12) 3,60,000(12) 9,60,000(36)

Consultant 3 25000 300000 (12) 300000 (12) 3,60,000(12) 9,60,000(36)

Total 25000 9,00,000 9,00,000 10,80,000 28,80,000

4.2 Budget requirement for other personnel : BUDGET

Designation Monthly Emoluments 1st year 2nd year 3rd year Total

RA 22000 2,20,000 (12) 2,20,000 (12) 2,20,000 (12) 7,92,000

3 JRF’s I&II years JRF (18,400)-III year SRF(20,700)

6,62,400(12) 6,62,400(12) 7,45,200(12) 20,70,000

Scientist/Engineer

20,000 2,40,000(12) 2,40,000(12) 2,40,000(12) 7,20,000

Total 11,02,400 11,02,400 1118400 35,82,000

(b) Budget requirement for Travel

4.3 Budget for Travel : BUDGET (In rupees)

1st year 2nd year 3rd year Total1. Travel 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 3,00,000

Total 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 3,00,000

(c)Budget for Other Direct Costs : BUDGET (In rupees)

1st year 2nd year 3rd year Total

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A. Contingencies 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 3,00,000

Total 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 3,00,000

4.4 Budget for Material & Supplies ,Computer Services:

Item BUDGET (In rupees)

1st year 2nd year 3rd year Total1 Computer stationery like CDs,

floppies, printer cartridges and consumables

1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 3,00,000

TOTAL 1,00,000 1,00,000 1,00,000 3,00,000

4.5 Budget for Equipment:

SI.NO Generic name of the equivalent along with make & model

Improved/Indigenous Estimated costs Spare time for other users (in %)

1. IBM Work Station with Storage

10,00,000 15%

2. 4 PCs1,20,000

(d ) Budget for Indirect Costs

7.9 Budgets for Facilities & Administrative Costs: Rs 16, 96,400/-

Total Budget (In Rs./-)

Computer hardware : 11,20,000/-

Manpower : 64,62,000/-

Travel : 3,00,000/-

Contingencies : 3,00,000/-

Miscellaneous : 3,00,000/-

University overheads : 16,96,400/-

Total : 1,017,8400/-

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5. Bio-data (CV) of the Investigators & Consultants :

5.1 PI Biography

Name: Dr. SSVS Ramakrishna

Date of birth: 18-9-1959

Institution: Department of Meteorology and Oceanography,

Andhra University

Address (Residence): G3 Niharika enclave, Abid nagar

Akkayapalem, Visakhapatnam-16

Tel. No. :0891-2750904

Address (Office) : Dr.SSVS Rama krishana

Department of Meteorology and Oceanogrphy

Andhra university

Visakhapatnam-530003

Tel. No. : 0891-2844643

FAX : 0891-2755324

Educational Qualification :

School/College/University Degree Year Main subjects Division/Class

Andhra University Matriculatio

n

1974 Mathematics

and Physics

second

Andhra Pradesh, Board of

Intermediate

Intermediate 1976 Mathematics,

Physics and

chemistry

second

Andhra university B.Sc 1979 Mathematics,

Physics and

chemistry

second

Andhra university M.Sc. 1982 Meteorology First

Awards / Honors / Fellowship etc. :

a) Awarded the General Merit Scholarship by the Government of Andhra Pradesh India for pursuing Graduate Studies at Baccalaureate Level. 1976-78 at the Government PR College , Kakinada.

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b) CSIR senior Research fellow ship to pursue Ph.D at Andhra university

c) Young Scientist fellowship of the Andhra Pradesh Council of Science and Technology, India 1993.

d) Best Paper presentation award at the National Seminar on Tsunamis and Other Natural Coastal Hazards over India (TONCH), Department of Meteorology and Oceanography. Andhra University. Dec 10-12 2005.

Appointments (Professional experience/employment record):

Organization Designation / Position Duration ( Year / date)

Andhra university Lecturer 1990-1999 march

Andhra university Associate Professor 1999march to 2007 march

Andhra university Professor 2007march to till date

List of important and relevant research publications :

1. Numerical simulation of Cyclonic Storms FANOOS, NARGIS with assimilation ofconventional and satellite observations using 3-DVAR" Natural Hazards 2012 DOI 10.1007/s 11069-012-0194-5

 2. Numerical Simulation of Cloud Burst Event on 05th August 2010 over Leh

using WRF Mesoscale model. Natural Hazards 2012 .DOI: 10.1007/s11069-012-0145-1

3. Numerical Simulation of a severe cyclonic storm Nargis with a Mesoscale model. Natural Hazards,. 2012 DOI 10.1007/s11069-012-0087-7

4. An Observational evidence of Climate Change. 2011. Global and Planetary Change. Vol 79 pp 11-19. Issues 1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.07.010.

5. Rajputana (Thar) Desert blooms with unprecedented rains in 2006 and 2010 : The effect of a warming environment? Geophysica Internacional (2011) Vol 50-3: pp 255-270

6. Variations of Indian summer Monsoon Rainfall induce the weakening of easterly jet stream in the warming environment: Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 75, Issues 1-2, pp 21-30, January 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.10.001.

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7. A diagnostic study of monsoon energetics for two contrasting years: Annales Geophysicae, 28, 2201-2212, doi: 10.5194/Angeo-28-2201-2010, December 2010.

8. Impact of assimilation of conventional and satellite meteorological observations on the numerical simulation of a Bay of Bengal Tropical Cyclone of November 2008 near Tamilnadu using WRF Model: Meteorol and Atmospheric Physics, Vol 110, No 1-2, pp 19-44, doi 10.1007/s00703-010-0102-z, 4 November 2010.

9. The influence of the Planetary Boundary Layer in the evolution of Hurricane Katrina using a mesoscale model” presented in the International Symposium for the Advanced Boundary Layer Remote Sensing (ISAR 2010), Paris (France) during 28-30 July, 2010.

10. Numerical Simulation of a Monsoon Depression by using NCAR MM5 Mesoscale Model Proceedings of AP Akademi of Sciences. Vol. 13(2), 2009.

11. The Role of Madden Julian Oscillation in the generation of tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean” presented in the International Workshop on High-Resolution Climate modeling, ICTP, Trieste, Italy.10-14 August 2009.

12. Upper air Circulations associated with two extreme epochs in the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall”. Journal of Agro Meteorology, Special issue, pp 341-344. Vol 10, Part –II, 2008.

13. In a changing climate weakening tropical easterly jet induces more violent tropical storms over the North Indian ocean’ Geophysical Research Letters,Vol.35,L15710, 2008. Published in NATURE as one of the Research Highlights of 2008.

14. Numerical simulation of a Tropical Cyclone with Arakawa Schubert and Grell schemes”. Paper published in the Proceedings of AP Academy of Sciences, Hyderabad. Special issue on Climate Change, Vol 11(4), Dec 2007, pp 266- 273.

15. The role of Physical parameterization in numerical simulation of a Deep depression using a Meso scale model. Paper presented at TROPMET 2006 Pune and published in Vayumandal, Vol 34, No 1-4, pp 104-119, 2009.

16. Numerical Simulation of the Orissa Super Cyclone with the LMDZ General Circulation Model” Proceedings of Tsunamis and other Natural Coastal Hazards over India. pp 1-3, organized at Andhra University during 10-12, Dec 2005, Best paper Award

17. Numerical Simulation of a Tropical Cyclone with the LMDZ Model’ Paper presented at the International Symposium on Natural hazards (INTROMET

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2004) Feb 24-27 ,2004 Organized by the India Meteorological Society , Hyderabad

18. The Role of Cumulus Convection in a Numerically Simulated Tropical Cyclone with LMDZ Model. Paper presented at the Indo French Conference on ‘Scale Interaction and Variability of Monsoon’. October 6-10, 2003, Munnar, Kerala, INDIA.

19. Anomaly circulation patterns of Active and Weak southwest monsoon seasons of different regions of India, Promise 2003, Proceedings of International Conference on Monsoon Environments: Agriculture and Hydrological impacts of seasonal variability and climate change, 24-28 March, 2003, ICTP Trieste, Italy.

20. Numerical Simulation with an Axi-Symmetric model of a Tropical Cyclone using Arakawa-Shubert and Grell schemes, Paper presented at the INDO-FRENCH Workshop on Climate Variability held at LMD, Paris, Dec 16-20, 2002.

21. Anomaly circulation patterns of Active and Weak southwest monsoon seasons of North East India. Paper published in proceedings of pp 119-123, TROPMET 1999.

22. Some GCM simulation studies of Summer Monsoon Rainfall and its Variability over Indian region, Journal of Applied Hydrology, pp 11-23, Vol.2, 1998.

23. Tropical Cyclone Simulation with different convection schemes. Paper presented at INTROMET 1997, IIT Delhi December 2-5, 1997.

24. Numerical Simulation Experiment of the Bay of Bengal Cyclone. 1993. Paper presented at the National Symposium Advances in Tropical Meteorology, Ed. R.K.Datta, India Meteorological Society, pp 35–39, 1996.

25. A Numerical Simulation Study of the role of the Sea Surface Temperature in tropical cyclone circulation. Published in proceedings of Indian National Science and Academy. Special volume on Earth Sciences, pp 139-155, 1994.

26. Some Numerical Modeling Experiments of Tropical Cyclone Circulation using Arakawa Schubert Cumulus Parameterization . Ph. D Thesis . Department of Meteorology & Oceanography Andhra University 1989.

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27. Numerical Experiments of the Tropical Cyclone with Arakawa Schubert cumulus parameterization scheme and inclusion of cumulus downdrafts. Pre-Print Volume, 8th conference on NWP, pp 844-847, Feb. 22 – 26, 1988.

28. A case study of the genesis of a monsoon depression in the Bay of Bengal during Monsoon-77 experiment. Mausam, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp 387 – 394, 1987.

Recent collaborations: Collaboration with Indira Gandhi Atomic Research Center through a join project for issuing real time fore cast for tropical cyclones

PROJECTS HANDLED

(i) Principal Investigator of the project “ Inter annual Variability of the Indian Monsoon system with special reference to Energetics” – sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, the total budget of Rs.20,02,320/-, 2007-2010.

(ii) Co-Principal Investigator of the project “Numerical Modeling Studies of Tropical Cyclones with special reference to Indian Region” - sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, 1996-99.

(iii) Co-Principal Investigator of the project “Assessment of Feasibility of Long Range Forecasting of Monsoon Rainfall on Sub-regional scales” - sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. 1997-2000.

ON-GOING PROJECTS 1. Principal Investigator : Indian Ocean Warm pool during 1950-2005- Sponsored by

MOES-INCOIS, Govt. of India, the total budget of Rs 34,80,000 -/, 2010-2013.

2. Principal Investigator : Development of a site specific dynamical tropical cyclone and other extreme weather early warning system for Kalpakkam – Sponsored by Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Govt. of India, the total budget of Rs 40,54,550/-, 2009-2012.

Ph.D. AWARDED1. Numerical modeling studies of North Indian Ocean Tropical cyclones with

Mesoscale models, December 2010.

2. Simulations of Intense rainfall events over the West coast of India using Global and Mesoscale Models: Impact of ARMEX-I observations, August 2008.

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Six (Regular) and Three ( Extra Mural ) are working for their Ph.D Degrees.

M. Tech. Projects Guided: More than 20

M.Sc. Projects Guided : More than 25

LIFE MEMBERSHIP IN SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS :1. Life member Indian Meteorological Society.2. Life member of Ocean Society of India.3. Life Member Association of Indian Hydrologists .

OTHER INFORMATION:

1. National Advisory committee member on Forecast Demonstration project on Tropical Cyclones, Organized by Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India.

2. Focal point for the M. Tech. International course on Satellite Meteorology organized by the United Nations, Centre for Space Science and Technology for the Asia and Pacific regions in association with Space Application Center, ISRO, Ahmedabad.

REVIEWER OF RESEARCH PAPERS FOR THE JOURNALS:1. Natural Hazards – International2. Journal of Earth System Science – International3. Current Science - National

5.2 Co-PI Biography

Name : Dr. C. V. Naidu

Date of birth : 01-06-1964

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Institution : Andhra University

Address (Residence) : D.No. 10-241, Visalakshi Nagar, Visakhapatnam – 530 043

Tel. No. : 9348663636

Address (Office) : Dept. of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University

Visakhapatnam – 530 003

Tel. No. : 0891-2844633

FAX :

Educational Qualification :

School/College/University Degree Year Main subjects Division/Class

Andhra University B.Sc. 1984 Physics, Maths,

Chemistry

First

Andhra University M.Sc. 1986 Meteorology First class and

First rank

Andhra University Ph.D. 1995 Meteorology

Meteorology PGDAS 1990 Statistics First

CSIR-UGC NET 1989 Earth, Atmospheric & Ocean Sciences

Rank among top 5% of the qualifying candidates

Awards / Honors / Fellowship etc. :

Sri M. Phillip memorial medal, Dr. BN Desai medal and IMS prize for M.Sc. first rank. NET rank among top 5% of the qualified candidatesCSIR – JRF and SRF and DST - RA

Appointments (Professional experience/employment record):

Organization Designation / Position Duration ( Year / date)

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Andhra University Assistant Professor (Sr. Scale) 19-9-2010 to till date

Andhra University Assistant Professor 18-9-2006 to 18-9-2010

Andhra University Teaching Assistant/Associate 20-7-2004 to 17-9-2006

Andhra University Research Associate (DST) 16-2-2002 to 19-7-2004

Andhra University Project Associate 22-12-1999 to 15-02-2002

Andhra University Research Associate (DST) 15-11-1996 to 31-03-1999

List of important and relevant research publications : 1. Naidu, C. V., K. Durgalakshmi, K. Muni Krishna, S. Ramalingeswara Rao, G. C. Satyanarayana,

P. Lakshminarayana, and L. Malleswara Rao (2009), Is summer monsoon rainfall decreasing over India in the global warming era?, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D24108, doi:10.1029/2008JD011288.

2. C.V. Naidu, G. Ch. Satyanarayana, K. Durgalakshmi, L. Malleswara Rao and K. Nagaratna (2010). Is winter monsoon rainfall over South Peninsular India increasing in global warming era? Global and Planetary Change, 72, 69-72.

3. C. V. Naidu, K. Muni Krishna, S. Ramalingeswara Rao, OS.R.U. Bhanu Kumar, K. Durgalakshmi and SSVS Ramakrishna (2011). Variations of Indian summer monsoon rainfall induce the weakening of easterly jet stream in the warming environment?, Global and Planetary Change, 75, 21-30

4. C.V. Naidu, G. Ch. Satyanarayana, K. Durgalakshmi, L. Malleswara Rao and K. Nagaratna (2011): An observational evidence of climate change during global warming era (Accepted, Global and Planetary Change, 2011)

5. V. Brahmananda Rao, Egidio Arai, Yosio E. Shimabukuro, S.S.V.S. Ramakrishna, Sergio H. Franchito and C.V.Naidu (2011): Rajaputana (Thar) desert blooms with unprecedented rains in 2006: The effect of a warming environment. (Accepted for Journal of International Geophysica)

Other publications :1. Subbaramayya, I, Vivekananda Babu, S. and Naidu, C.V. (1988). A note on the normal dates of

onset of summer monsoon over south peninsular India, Met. Mag. (U.K.), 117, 371-377.

2. Subbaramayya, I, Vivekananda Babu, S. and Naidu, C.V. (1990). Variations in the onset of the Indian southwest monsoon and summer circulation anomalies, Met. Mag., (U.K.), 119, 61-68.

3. Subbaramayya, I and Naidu, C.V. (1992). Spatial variations and trends in the Indian monsoon rainfall, International J. Clim. 12, 597-609, 1992.

4. Subbaramayya, I and Naidu, C.V. (1995). Withdrawal of the Indian south monsoon over India - A synoptic and Climatelogical study, Met. Applications(UK), 2, 159-166.

5. Naidu, C.V., Rao, B.R.S. and Bhaskara Rao, D.V. (1999). Climatic Trends and Periodicities of Annual rainfall over India, Met. Applications (U.K.), 6, 1-12.

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6. Bhaskar Rao, K. ,Naidu, C.V. and O.S.R.U. Bhanukumar. (2001). Forecasting of summer monsoon rainfall over India, “Met. Applications(U.K.)”, 8, 245-252.

7. O.S.R.U. Bhanu Kumar, C.V. Naidu, S. R. L. Rao, Influence of ENSO and IOD on Indian winter monsoon rainfall. World Resource Review, USA, Vol.15, and No.4, 518.

8. O.S.R.U. Bhanu Kumar, C.V. Naidu, S. R. L. Rao (2004). Prediction of Southeren Indian winter monsoon rainfall from September local upper-air temperatures (Meteorol. Appl. (UK), 11, 189-199.

9. Bhaskara Rao, D.V., Naidu, C.V., Rao, B.R.S. and Bhagyalaksmi, R. (1998). Variability of monsoon rainfall over India, J. Applied Hydrology, Vol.XI,1,49-57.

10. Bhaskara Rao, D.V., Naidu, C.V., Rao, B.R.S. (2001). Trends and periodicities of Tropical cyclonic systems over North Indian Ocean, Special Issue on Climate Change, Mausam, New Delhi, 37-46.

11. C.V. Naidu, K. Bhaskar Rao, O.S.R.U. Bhanu Kumar, V. Lakshmana Rao, B.R. Srinivasa Rao and S.S. Raju. (2003) On the climatic fluctuations of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall. Proc. of AP Akademi of Sciences, 7,2, 95-100

12. K. Naga Ratna, O.S.R.U. Bhanu Kumar, K.K.Reddy, C.V. Naidu, S. R. L. Rao and S.V.S.Somanadham (2002). A study of mean features of winter monsoon circulation over India and neighbourhood using NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data. Proc. of AP Akademi of Sciences, 7,2, 87-94.

13. O.S.R.U. Bhanu Kumar, C.V. Naidu, S. R. L. Rao and K. Naga Ratna (2002). An empirical relation for prediction of winter monsoon rainfall over Tamilnadu. Proc. of AP Akademi of Sciences, 7,2, 151-153.

14. O.S.R.U. Bhanu Kumar, C.V. Naidu and S. R. L. Rao (2004). Influence of Southern Oscillation and SSTs over Nino-3.4 region on the Winter Monsoon Rainfall over Coastal Andhra Pradesh (Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Earth Planet. Sci.), 113, 3, 313-319).

15. C.V. Naidu, S.S.V.S. Ramakrishna, B.R. Srinivasa Rao and S.V.V. Arun Kumar (2008): Upper air circulations associated with two extreme epochs in Indian summer monsoon rainfall, J. of Agro-meteorology (Special Issue – Part 2), 341-344.

16. Mahalakhsmi, D.V., KVS Badarinath and CV Naidu (2011): Influence of boundary layer dynamics on pollutant concentrations over urban region – A study using ground based measurements, Indian Journal of Radio and Space Physics, 40, 147-152.

Participation in Conference/Seminar/Workshop/ Summer Schools 1. Attended National workshop on “Numerical modelling, weather prediction and computer software”,

28 Dec. 1987 - 9 Jan. 1988, sponsored by UGC , conducted by Dept. of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, Waltair.

2. Attended 20th cruise of R.V. Gaveshini from 23-8-1988 to 7-9-1988 in the Bay of Bengal.

3. Attended ISCA meeting held at Indore, Jan. 1991 and presented a paper.

4. Attended TROPMET-92 symposium held at SAC, Ahmedabed.

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5. Attended a workshop on “Climate Change” sponsored by DST and held at CAS, IIT, New Delhi, Dec. 1992.

6. Attended IGBP symposium held at Anna University, Madras, in April 1993.

7. Attended DST SERC school on Basics of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, held at IITM, Pune, May-June, 1994.

8. Attended TROPMET-96 symposium held at Andhra University, Feb. 1996.

9. Attended RAMSD conference at Kumbakonam, Tamilnadu, Feb. 1997.

10. Attended Seminar on Coastal Zone Management held at Visakhapatnam sponsored by IMS Visakhapatnam chapter, March 1997.

11. Participated Seminar on Monsoon meteorology and Water resources hydrology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Aug. 15-18, 1997.

12. Participated WMO/FAO Roving seminar on Crop Weather Modelling held at India Meteorological Department, Pune, 19-30 August, 1999.

13. Participated IPC2000 seminar, February ,2000, Varanasi

14. Attended Orientation Course on MSMR Data & Applications, 28-30 August, 2000, Space Application Centre, Ahmedabad.

15. Attended Project monitoring committee meeting of AERB, Kalpakkam, 7 March, 2001

16. Attended “Advanced School on Recent Advances in Climate and Environment Research”, C-MMACS (CSIR), 11-13 April, 2001.

17. Participated the National symposium on, "Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, the Present and Future", Andhra University, India, 28-29, June 2002.

18. Participated International conference on Monsoon Environments: Agricultural and Hydrological Impacts of seasonal variability and climate change, 24-28 March, 2003, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy.

19. Attended Indo-European workshop on Climate change and Natural Disasters, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 6-10 September 2004.

20. Participated in the field work on Tsunami effected area in Andhra Pradesh (DST sponsored), 24 March-2 April, 2005

21. Participated in the National Seminar on Tsunamis and other Natural Coastal Hazards over India organized by Department of Meteorology & Oceanography, Andhra University during 10-12 December 2005.

22. DST workshop on Meso - scale modelling organized by Department of Meteorology & Oceanography, Andhra University, 29-31 January 2007

23. School on Radar and Lidar Remote sensing of atmosphere, organized by NARL (Gadanki) and SV University, Tirupathi, 7-11 March 2007.

24. UGC Orientation course organized by Academic Staff College, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 17-5-2007 to 13-6-2007.

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25. Visited Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi during 5 to 10 October 2007 for giving practical training on weather chart analysis and computations in Dynamic meteorology for the students of M.Tech course in Space Technology and Applications.

26. International symposium on ‘Agrometeorology and Food Security’, CRIDA, Hyderabad, February 18-21, 2008.

27. International workshop on Modelling the land-surface and climate change in India, 25th to 28th March 2008, IITM, Pune (Organized by UK Met office and IITM, Pune).

28. International Workshop on Weather Modification Technologies & Symposium on Natural Disaster Management, June 27-29, 2008, JNT University, Hyderabad.

29. UGC sponsored refresher course on “Life science/marine science”, 9-29 November 2009, Academic Staff College, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam.

30. Given a lecture at Indo-Japanese Colloquium on weather and climate, 3 July, 2010, Dept. of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University

31. Attended national Seminar on “Monsoon and climate change”, 30-6-2010, Dept. of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam.

32. Given 3 lectures on climate change and synoptic chart anlysis, SERC school on Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions and Global Change, 14 July – 3rd August 2010, Dept. of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University. Sponsored by Dept. of Science and Technology, Gov. of India.

Recent collaborations :

Research Guidance :

No. of Ph.D. students enrolled/ completed 6/3

5.3 Consultant 1: Biography

A) PERSONAL DETAILS:

Name Dr. Rokkam Ramamanohar Rao

Nationality Indian

Date of Birth 16 April 1949

Designation Retired Scientist-G (NPOL/DRDO, Min. of Defence)

Qualifications M.Sc (Tech) Meteorology & Oceanography, AUPost Graduate Diploma in Applied Statistics, AUCertificate in Fortran-IV Language, AUPhD in Meteorology & Oceanography, AU

Present Address Dept of Meteorology & Oceanography, AU

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e-mail address rokkamrr@yahoo.com

Telephone 040 - 23886030 (O) and 9701053274 (M)

B) TECHNICAL EXPERIENCE:

Research Student at Andhra University from 1971 to 1977 Research Scientist at NPOL from May 1977 to April 2009 National Research Council Post-Doctoral Research Associate (1986-1988) at

NOAA/AOML, Miami, USA Senior Scientist at JAMSTEC, Japan (1 June, 2009 – 31 March, 2010) Guided 2 PhD Students

C) PUBLICATIONS:

PhD Dissertation, Papers appeared in International and National Journals,Atlases and Reports (Please see Annexure-1): 1+62+4

D) AWARDS AND HONOURS:

Please see Annexure-2 and Annexure-3

E) MEMBERSHIPS:

Indian Meteorological Society Ocean Society of India

F) CURRENT RESEARCH INTERESTS:

Variability of near-surface layers of the tropical Indian Ocean

Annexure – 1: List of Publications (1 + 62 + 4)

A) PhD DISSERTATION

Rao R R, (1986) ‘Some studies on the observed variability of the thermal structure of the upper layers of the north Arabian Sea during summer monsoon experiments’, pp 111, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India

B) INTERNATIONAL JOURNALS (25+4)

1. Rao.R.R (1984): A case study on the influence of summer monsoon vortex on the thermal structure of the upper central Arabian Sea during onset phase of MONEX-79, Deep-Sea Research, 31, 12, 1511-1521.

2. Rao.R.R (1986): Cooling and deepening of the mixed layer in the central Arabian Sea during MONSOON-77: Observations and simulations, Deep-Sea Research, 33, 10, 1413-1424.

3. Rao.R.R, R.L.Molinari and J.F.Festa (1989): Evolution of the climatological near surface thermal structure of the tropical Indian Ocean 1. Description of the mean monthly mixed layer depth and sea surface temperature, surface current and surface meteorological fields, J. of Geophys. Res.. 94, C8, 10801-10815.

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4. Rao.R.R and Basil Mathew (1990): A case study on the mixed layer variability in the south central Arabian Sea during the onset phase of MONEX-79, Deep-Sea Research, 37, 2, 227-243.

5. Rao.R.R, Basil Mathew and P.V.Hareeshkumar (1993): A summary of results on thermohaline variability in the upper layers of the east central Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon experiments, Deep-Sea Research, 40, 8, 1647-1672.

6. Rao.R.R, P.V.Hareeshkumar and Basil Mathew (1994): Near-surface layer heating in the Arabian Sea during the pre-onset regime of MONEX-79, Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics, 53, 19-31

7. Sanilkumar.K.V, N.Mohankumar, M.X.Joseph and R.R.Rao (1995)**: Genesis of meteorological disturbances and thermohaline variability of the upper layers in the head Bay of Bengal during Monsoon Trough Boundary Layer Experiment (MONTBLEX- 90), Deep-Sea Research, 41, 10, 1569-1581.

8. Rao.R.R and R.Sivakumar (1996), Seasonal variability of near-surface isothermal layer and thermocline characteristics of the tropical Indian Ocean, Meteorology & Atmospheric Physics, 61, 3&4, 201-212.

9. Sanilkumar, K.V, T.V.Kuruvilla, D.Jogendranath and R.R.Rao (1997): Observations on the Western Boundary Current of the Bay of Bengal from hydrographic survey during March 1993, Deep-Sea Research, 44, 135-145

10. Rao.R.R and R.Sivakumar (1998) Observed seasonal variability of heat content in the upper layers of the tropical Indian ocean from a new global ocean temperature climatology, Deep-Sea Research. 45, 1, 67-89

11.Rao.R.R and R.Sivakumar (1999) On the possible mechanisms of the evolution of a miniwarm pool during the pre-summer monsoon season and the onset vortex in the southeasternArabian Sea, Quarterly Jour. of Royal Meteorological Society,125, 787-809

12. Rao.R.R and R.Sivakumar (2000) Seasonal variability of the heat budget of the mixed layer and the near-surface layer thermal structure of the tropical Indian Ocean from a new global ocean `temperature climatology. J. of Geophys. Res. 105, C1, 995-1015

13. Bhat G.S., S.Gadgil, P.V.Hareesh Kumar, S.R.Kalsi, P.Madhusoodanan, V.S.N.Murthy, C.V.K.Prasada Rao, V.Ramesh Babu, L.V.G.Rao, R.R.Rao, M.Ravichandran, K.G.Reddy, P.Sanjeeva Rao, D.Sengupta, D.R.Sikka, J.Swain, and P.N.Vinayachandran, (2001), BOBMEX: The Bay of Bengal Monsoon Experiment, Bull. American Met. Soc., 82, 10, 2217-2243

14. Rao R.R., and R.Sivakumar (2003) Seasonal variability of the salt budget of the mixed layer and near-surface layer salinity structure of the tropical Indian Ocean from a new global ocean salinity climatology, J. of Geophys. Res., 108, 3009, doi: 10.1029/2001JC 000907

15. Gopalakrishna V. V., Z.Johnson, G.Salgaonkar, K.Nisha, C.K.Rajan, and R.R.Rao, (2005) Observed variability of sea surface salinity and thermal inversions in the Lakshadweep Sea during contrast monsoons, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L18605, doi:10.1029/2006GL 023280

16. Rao R.R., M.S.Girishkumar, M.Ravichandran, B.K.Samala and S. Nandakumar (2006), Observed mini-cold pool off the southern tip of India and its intrusion into the south central Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon season, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L06607, doi:10.1029/2005GL 025382

17. Rao R.R., M.S.Girish Kumar, M.Ravi Chandran, B.K.Samala, and G.Anitha (2006) Observed intraseasonal variability of mini-cold pool off the southern tip of India and its intrusion into the south central Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon season, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L15606, doi: 10.1029/2006 GL 026086

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18. Pankajakshan T, PM Muraleedharan, R.R.Rao, YK Somayajulu, GV Reddy and C Revechandran (2007) Observed variability of the barrier layer in the Bay of Bengal, J of Geophys. Res., 112, C02009, doi:10.1029/2006JC003651

19. Pankajakshan T, R.R.Rao, PM Muraleedharan, YK Somayajulu, VV Gopalakrishna, GV Reddy and C Revechandran (2007) Seasonal variability of the observed barrier layer in the Arabian Sea, J. of Phys. Ocean., 38, 624-638

20 Gopalakrishna, V. V., R.R.Rao, K. Nisha, M. S. Girishkumar, T. Pankajakshan, . M.Ravichandran, Z. Johnson, K. Girish, N. Aneeshkumar, M. Srinath, S. Rajesh, and C. K. Rajan, (2008), Observed anomalous upwelling in the Lakshadweep Sea during the summer monsoon season of 2005, J. of Geophys Res., 113, C05001, doi: 10.1029 / 2007 JC004240.

21. Rao R.R., M.S.Girishkumar,, M.Ravichandran, V.V.Gopalakrishna and P.Thadathil, (2008), Observed mini-cold pool south of Indo-Sri Lanka Channel and its intrusion into the southeastern Arabian Sea during winter, Deep-Sea Research, 55, 1009– 1020

22. Nisha,K., A.Suryachandra Rao, V.V.Gopalakrishna, R.R.Rao, M.S.Girishkumar, T.Pankajakshan, .Ravichandran, S.Rajesh, K.Girish, M.Anuradha, S.S.M.Gavaskar, V.Suneel and S.M.Krishna (2009) Reduced near-surface thermal inversions in 2005-2006 in the southeastern Arabian Sea Lakshadweep Sea). Journal of Physical Oceanography, 39, 1184-1199.

23.Rao R.R., M. S. Girish Kumar, M. Ravichandran, A. R. Rao, V.V.Gopalakrishna and P.Thadathil ,

(2009), Observed interannual variability of Kelvin wave propagation in the equatorial Indian Ocean and in the coastal wave guides of the Bay of Bengal and the southeastern Arabian Sea during 1993-2006, Deep-Sea Research I, doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.10.008

24. Gopalakrishna, V.V., F. Durand, K. Nisha, M. Lengaigne,T. P. Boyer,J. Costa, R. R. Rao, M. Ravichandran, S. Amrithash, L. John, K. Girish, C. Ravichandran and V. 5 Suneel ,, 2009, Observed intraseasonal to interannual variability of the upper ocean thermal structure in the southeastern Arabian Sea during 2002 – 2008, Deep-Sea Research

25. Rao R.R., M. S. Girish Kumar, M. Ravichandran, A. R. Rao, V.V.Gopalakrishna and P.Thadathil ,

2009, Is the low salinity waters pass through the Indo-Sri Lanka Channel during winter ?, International Jour. of Remote Sensing

26. R R Rao, T Horii, Y Masumoto, H Hase and K Mizuno, 2012, Observed variability in the upper layers at the Equator, 90°E in the Indian Ocean, Part I: Zonal currents, under review with Progress in Oceanography

27. R R Rao, T Horii, Y Masumoto, H Hase and K Mizuno, 2012, Observed variability in the upper layers at the Equator, 90°E in the Indian Ocean, Part II: Meridional currents, under review with Progress in Oceanography

28. Rao R.R., M. S. Girish Kumar, M. Ravichandran, V.Jitendra and SSVS Ramakrishana, 2012, Observed interannual variability of the Arabian Sea warm pool: Observations and governing mechanisms, under submission

29. R R Rao, K.Sato, Y.Masumoto,T Horii, and K Mizuno, 2012, Observed interannual variability in the thermohaline structure of the near-surface layers along a shipping lane from Persian Gulf to Singapore in the north Indian Ocean during 1990-2009, under preparation

C) INDIAN JOURNALS (26)

1. Patnaik.J.K, R.R.Rao and R.Ramanadham (1977): Some characteristics of Indian Monsoon rains, Indian Geography Jour., 52, 1 & 2, 23-30.

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2. Rao.R.R, S.V.S.Somanadham and S.Najamuddin (1978): Study of the influence of surface energy budget of north Indian Ocean on the behaviour of Indian summer monsoon, Indian Jour. Meteorology & Hydrology, 29,1&2, 253-258.

3. Rao.R.R, V.V.Gopalakrishna and S.V.Babu (1981): A case study on the northern Bay of Bengal subsurface thermal structure and ocean mixed layer depth in relation to surface energy exchange processes during MONSOON-77, Mausam, 32, 1, l85-82.

4. Rao.R.R, D.S.Rao, P.G.K.Murthy and M.X.Joseph (1983): A preliminary investigation on the thermal structure of the upper Bay of Bengal during MONEX-79, Mausam, 34, 3, 239-250.

5. Rao.R.R, K.V.S.Ramam, D.S.Rao, and M.X.Joseph (1985): Surface heat budget estimates at selected areas of north Indian Ocean during MONSOON-77, Mausam, 36, 1, 21-32.

6. Rao.R.R (1986): On the thermal response of upper eastern Arabian Sea to the summer monsoonal forcing during MONSOON-77, Mausam, 37, 1, 77-84.

7. Rao.D.S and R.R.Rao (1986): A case study of the genesis of a monsoon low and the thermal structure of the upper northern Bay of Bengal during MONEX-79, Mahasagar, 19, 1, 1-9.

8. Rao.R.R (1986): The observed thermal response of upper north-east Arabian Sea to the onset of summer monsoon during ISMEX-73, Mausam, 37, 4, 429-434.

9. Rao.R.R (1987): The observed variability of the cooling and deepening of the mixed layer in the central Arabian Sea during MONSOON-77, Mausam, 38, 1, 43-48.

10. Rao.R.R (1987): Further analysis on the thermal response of the upper Bay of Bengal to a pre-monsoon cyclonic storm and summer monsoonal onset during MONEX-79, Mausam, 38, 2, 142-156.

11. Rao.R.R (1987): On the thermal response of the upper central Arabian Sea to the summer monsoonal forcing during MONSOON-77, Mausam, 38, 3, 293-302.

12. Rao.R.R, S.V.S.Somanadham, S.V.S.Ramakrishna and R.Ramanadham (1987): A case study on the genesis of a monsoon depression in the northern Bay of Bengal during MONSOON-77 experiment, Mausam, 38, 4, 387-394.

13. Hareeshkumar.P.V and R.R.Rao (1987): Diurnal scale variability in the vertical thermal structure of the coastal waters off the southwest coast of India during May 1985, Indian Jour. of Marine Science., 16, 71-76.

14. Rao.R.R and Basil Mathew (1988): On the observed synoptic variability in the thermal structure of the upper northern Bay of Bengal during MONEX-79, Proceedings of IndianAcademy of Sciences, 97, 21-34.

15. Sarma.K.D.K.M, Basil Mathew and R.R.Rao (1988): Observed salinity field in the upper layers of the central Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon experiments, Mahasagar, 21, 2, 75-83.

16. Rao.R.R (1988): Seasonal heat budget estimates of the upper layers of the central Arabian Sea, Mausam, 39,3, 241-248.

17. Rao.R.R and P.V.Hareeshkumar (1989): On the observed intradiurnal variability in the thermal structure of the upper layers at a station in the eastern Arabian Sea before the onset of summer MONSOON-77, Mausam, 40, 1, 37-42.

18. Rao.R.R and P.V.Hareeshkumar (1989): A case study on the short-term variability in the observed temperature and currents in the upper layers of the north-eastern Arabian Sea during the pre-onset phase of ISMEX-73, Indian Jour. of Marine Science, 18, 189-194.

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19. Rao.R.R, P.V.Hareeshkumar and Basil Mathew (1990): Water mass modification in the upper layers of the Arabian Sea during ISMEX-73, Mausam, 41, 4, 611-620.

20. Rao.R.R (1990): Observed variability in the thermal response of the upper north central Arabian Sea during summer monsoon experiments, Mausam, 41, 3, 439-444.

21. Rao.R.R and K.V.Sanilkumar (1991): Evolution of salinity field in the upper layers of the east central Arabian Sea and northern Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon experiments,Proceedings of Indian Academy of Sciences, 100, 1, 69-78.

22. Rao.R.R, K.V.Sanilkumar and Basil Mathew (1991): Observed variability in the current field during summer monsoon experiments Part-I: Northern Bay of Bengal, Mausam, 42, 1, 17-24.

23. Rao.R.R, K.D.K.M.Sarma and Basil Mathew (1991): Thermohaline structure in the equatorial Indian Ocean during MONSOON-77, Mausam, 42, 2, 131-138.

24. Rao.R.R, K.V.Sanilkumar and Basil Mathew (1996): Observed variability in the current field during summer monsoon experiments - Part II: Arabian Sea, Mausam, 47,4,355-368

25. Mohankumar.N, P.V.Hareeshkumar and R.R.Rao (2001): An empirical model for estimating hourly solar radiation over the Arabian Sea during summer monsoon season, Ind. J. Mar. Sci., 30, 123-131

26. Basil Mathew, P.V.Hareeshkumar and R.R.Rao (2003): Mixed layer variability at selected locations in the Arabian Sea during pre-monsoon and southwest monsoon, Mausam, 54, 4, 917-928

D) ATLASES AND TECHNICAL REPORTS (11)

1. Rao.R.R, R.L.Molinari and J.F.Festa (1991): Surface meteorological and subsurface oceanographic atlas of the tropical Indian Ocean, NOAA Technical Memorandum, ERL AOML-69, 59 pp.

2. Rao.R.R (1995): Atlas of near-surface thermohaline fields of the tropical Indian Ocean from Levitus climatology, Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory, Kochi 682 021, India, 147 pp.

3. Rao.R.R (1995): Atlas of surface meteorology and surface oceanography of the tropical Indian Ocean, Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory, Kochi 682 021, India, 66 pp.

4. Godfrey.J.S, A.Alexiou, A.G.Ilahude, D.M.Legler, M.E.Luther, J.P.McCreary Jr., G.A.Meyers, K.Mizumo, R.R.Rao, S.R.Shetye, J.H.Toole and S.Wacongne (1995): The role of the Indian Ocean in the Global Climate System: Recommendations regarding the Global Ocean Observing System, Ocean Observing System Development Panel Background Report Number 6, 89pp.

5. Rao.R.R, M.R.Santha Devi and R.Sivakumar (1996): Atlas on intraseasonal and interannual variability along major shipping lanes of the tropical Indian Ocean during 1961-1970, Part 1: Surface meteorology and SST, Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory, Kochi-682 021, India, 11pp and 122 figs.

6. Rao.R.R., 2002, A synthesis on the evolution of near-surface thermohaline structure in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon, In “Advances in Marine and Polar Science” , Ed: D.Sahoo and P.C.Pandey, pp 163-215

7. Rao.R.R, and R.Sivakumar, 2002, A synthesis of the observed intraseasonal variability of near-surface thermohaline structure of the northern Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon season, Proceedings of International Conference on Sonar – Sensors and Systems (ICONS-2002), Vol 2, Eds: H R S Sastry, D D Ebenezer and T V S Sundaram, Allied Publishers Pvt Ltd., pp 493-502

8. Rao R. R. M.S.Girish Kumar, M Ravichandran and S.Sateesh Kumar, 2009, Atlas of the tropical Indian Ocean from satellite observations, Volume 1: Sea surface wind vectors and wind stress curl,

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Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad, India, ISBN 978-81-424-326-0

9. Rao R. R. M.S.Girish Kumar, M Ravichandran and S.Sateesh Kumar, 2009, Atlas of the tropical Indian Ocean from satellite observations, Volume 2: Sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad, India, ISBN 978-81-8424-326-0

10. Rao R. R. M.S.Girish Kumar, M Ravichandran and S.Sateesh Kumar, 2009, Atlas of the tropical Indian Ocean from satellite observations, Volume 3: Sea surface height anomaly and circulation, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad, India, ISBN 978-81-8424-326-0

1. Rao R. R. M.S.Girish Kumar, M Ravichandran and S.Sateesh Kumar, 2009, Atlas of the tropical Indian Ocean from satellite observations, Volume 4: Outgoing long wave radiation and rainfall, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad, India, ISBN 978-81-8424-3260

Annexure – 2: Awards

Indian Meteorological Society Prize for securing 1st rank with 1st class in MSc (Tech) Meteorology & Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam

Recipient of UGC Junior and CSIR Senior Research Fellowships to prosecute PhD at Andhra University, Visakhapatnam

Recipient of Post Doctoral Research Associateship of National Research Council, National Science Foundation, USA, to prosecute research work on the Mixed Layer Depth Climatology and Dynamics of the tropical Indian Ocean at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Miami, USA during 1986-88

Recipient of Dr.BN Desai Award for best paper published during 1993-94

Received National Science Day Commendation Certificate from Scientific Advisor to Defence Minister in recognition of significant contributions in the field of Ocean and Man

Received DRDO’s ‘Scientist of the Year’ award for the year 2005 from Dr Manmohan Singh, Honorable Prime Minister of India

Visiting Senior Scientist at JAMSTEC, Japan from 1 June, 2009 to 31 March, 2010

Annexure – 3: Honours

Member of Editorial Board of CSIR Journal "Indian Journal of Marine Sciences", 1991-94

Referee for Indian and International Oceanographic Journals

Recognised Supervisory Research Guide for MSc & PhD students of Cochin University of Science & Technology

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Examiner for MSc Oceanography, MSc Meteorology, MTech Atmospheric Sciences, PhD Dissertations of Indian Institute of Science, Andhra University, Cochin University of Science & Technology, Goa University and CSIR NET

Member of Faculty of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science & Technology

Member of Board of Studies, Physical Oceanography, Cochin University of Science & Technology

Member of Board of Studies, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Cochin University of Science & Technology

Member of Board of Studies, Dept of Meteorology & Oceanography, Andhra University

Member of National Project Planning and Review Committees and Working Groups of Departments of Science & Technology, Ocean Development and Space, Govt. of India

Member of Selection Boards for Indian Institute of Science, National Institute of Oceanography, Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Computer Simulation, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Indian National Centre for Ocean Information and Services, Defence Research & Development Organisation, Dept. of Space, and Universities

Head, Ocean Environment Panel, Naval Research Board

Received invitations from the following International Organisations to make presentations on my research work on the tropical Indian Ocean:

i) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, Paris, France (Lecture at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India)

ii) International Project Office of ‘Tropical Oceans & Global Atmosphere’, World Meteorological Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland (Lecture at International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy)

iii) World Climate Research Programme of World Meteorological Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland (Lecture at Bureau of Meteorology Research Centre, Melbourne, Australia)

iv) International Project Office of the ‘World Ocean Circulation Experiment’, Southampton, United Kingdom (Lecture at New Orleans, USA)

5.4 Consultant 2: Biography

Dr. V. Brahmananda Rao

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e-mail: raovtz@yahoo.com.br

EDUCATION 1963 - 1968 Ph.D. in Meteorology, Andhra University, A.U., India1960 - 1963 M.Sc. in Meteorology and Oceanography

Andhra University, A.U., India1957 - 1960 B.Sc. in Physics, Andhra University, A.U., India

PROFESSIONAL CAREER

National Institute for Space Research, Brazil1971 - 1998 Senior Researcher1996 - 1998 Manager, Climate change and variability project1998 - Present Research fellow. National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil

MEMBERSHIPSMember - American Meteorological SocietyLife Member - India Meteorological Society

HONOURS AND PRIZES 2009: Emeritus Scientist

National Institute for Space Research, Brazil 2009: First author of a paper Nature Research Highlight

http://www.nature.com/climate/2008/full/climate2008.91.html 2004: Merit Certificate

National Institute for Space Research, Brazil 2000: Adalberto Serra Prize

Brazilian Meteorological Society 1998: WMO Prize 1994: Distinguished Researcher

National Institute for Space Research, Brazil

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

Refereed Publications in Journals

1. VASQUES, A.C., RAO V.B. Multidecadal and Interannual changes of Stationary Rossby waves. Quarterly journal of Royal Meteorological Society, 2011 (in press)

2. BARBOSA T.F., RAO V. B., CAVALCANTI I.A.F., Interannual variability of high potential vorticity in South Atlantic. Atmospheric Science Letters, 2011 (in Press).

3. RAO V.B., EGIDIO ARAI, FRANCHITO, S.H.; YOSIO E.SHIMABUKURO, RAMAKRISHNA S.S.V.S., NAIDU C.V. Rajputana (Thar) desert blooms with

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unprecedented rains in 2006 and 2010: The effect of a warming environment?. Geofisica Internacional, 2011 (in press).

4. FRANCHITO, S.H.; RAO, V.B.; MORAES, E.C. Impact of global warming on the geo-botanic zones: an experiment with a statistical – dynamical climate model. Climate Dynamics, 2010. DOI 10.1007/s00382-010-0952-6.

5. RAMAKRISHNA, S.S.V.S., RAO, V.B., SRAVANI, A., VIJAYA SARADHI, N., HARI KISHAN, G. A Diagnostic study of Monsoon Energetics for two contrasting years. Annales Geophysicae. 2010. DOI 10.5194/angeo-28-12010.

6. FERREIRA, D. B.; RAO, V. B. Recent climate variability and it’s impacts on soybean yields over Southern Brazil. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, DOI: 10.1007/s00704-010-0358-8, 2010.

7. PAIVA, E. D.; GAN, M. A.; RAO, V. B. Energetics of winter troughs entering South America. Monthly Weather Review, v. 138, pp. 1084-1103, 2010.

8. FRANCHITO, S.H.; RAO, V.B.; GAN, M.A.; SANTO, C.M.E. Onset and end of the rainy season and corn yields in São Paulo State, Brazil. Geofisica Internacional, v. 49, pp. 69-76, 2010.

9. PEREIRA, G.; FREITAS, S. R.; MORAES, E. C.; FERREIRA, N. J.; SHIMABUKURO, Y. E; RAO, V. B.; LONGO, K. M. Estimating Trace Gas and Aerosol Emissions over South America: Relationship between Fire Radiative Energy Released and Aerosol Optical Depth Observations. Atmospheric Environment, v. 43, pp. 6388-6397, 2009.

10. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; VASQUES, A. C. ; Santo C.M.E ; CONFORTE, J. C. . A diagnosis of rainfall over South America during 1997/98 El Niño and 1998/99 La Niña events: Comparison between TRMM PR and GPCP rainfall estimates. Journal of Earth System Sciences, v. 118, pp. 193-207, 2009.

11. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; VASQUES, A. C. ; Santo C.M.E ; CONFORTE, J. C. . Validation of TRMM PR Monthly rainfall over Brazil. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 114, p. doi:10292007JD0, 2009.

12. RAO, V. B. ; FERREIRA,CAMILA C. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; Ramakrishna, S. S. V. S. . In a changing climate weakening tropical easterly jet induces more violent tropical storms over the north Indian Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, v. 35, p. L15710, 2008. (Nature, Research Highlight http://www.nature.com/climate/2008/0810/full/climate.2008.91.html)

13. RAO, V. B. ; GIAROLLA, E. ; SANTO, C. M. E. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. . A comparison of surface wind stress characteristics over the tropical Atlantic (10o N 40o S) in fields derived from the UWM/COADS, NCEP/NCAR and QuikSCAT datasets. Journal of Oceanography, v. 64, p. 551-560, 2008.

14. SETH, S.P. ; BRAHMANDARAO, V. . Evidence of baroclinic waves in the upper atmosphere of Mars using the Mars Global Surveyor accelerometer data. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 113, A10305, doi:10.1029/2008JA013165, 2008.

15. PAIVA, E. ; GAN, M. A. ; RAO, V. B. An objective study of 500hPa moving troughs in the Southern Hemisphere, Monthly Weather Review, v. 136, p. 2186-2200, 2008

16. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; BARBIERI, P. R. B. ; SANTO, C. M. E. . Rainy season duration estimated from OLR versus rain gauge data and the 2001

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drought. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, v. 47, p. 1493-1499, 2008.

17. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; ODA, T. O. ; RAO, V. B. ; KAYANO, M. T. Interaction between Coastal Upwelling and Local Winds at Cabo Frio, Brazil: An Observational Study. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, v. 47, p. 1590-1598, 2008.

18. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; ODA, T. O. ; CONFORTE, J. C. An observational study of the atmospheric boundary-layer at Cabo Frio, Brazil. Annales Geophysicae, v. 25, p. 1-10, 2007.

19. MISHRA, S. K. ; RAO, V. B. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Genesis of Northeast-Brazil Upper Tropospheric Cyclonic Vortex: A primitive Equation Barotropic Instability Study. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, v. 64, p. 1379-1392, 2007.

20. RAO, V. B. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; BARBOSA,T. F. Impact of high potential vorticity intrusions into the tropical upper troposphere in South Atlantic on precipitation over Northeast Brazil. Geophysical Research Letters, v. 34, p. 1-4, 2007.

21. SILVA, M. E. S. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. Effects of the Amazonian deforestation on regional climate: a numerical experiment with a coupled biosphere-atmosphere model with soil hydrology. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, v. 1-2, p. 1-18, 2006.

22. FERNANDEZ, J. P. R. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. Simulation of the summer circulation over South America by two regional climate models. Part I: mean climatology. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, v. 86, p. 247-260, 2006.

23. FERNANDEZ, J. P. R. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. Simulation of the summer circulation over South America by two regional climate models. Part II: a comparison between the 1997/1998 El Niño and 1998/1999 La Niña events. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, v. 86, p. 261-270, 2006.

24. RAO, V. B. ; GIAROLLA, E. ; KAYANO, M. T. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Is the recent increasing trend in rainfall over Northeast Brazil related to Sub-Saharan drought? Journal of Climate, v. 19, p. 4448-4453, 2006.

25. SETH,S. P ; RAO, V. B. ; SANTO, C. M. E. ; S. A. HAIDER, ; CHOSKI, R. Zonal variations of peak ionization rates in upper atmosphere of Mars at high latitude using MGS accelerometer data. Journal of Geophysical Research, USA, v. 111(A9, p. A09308, 2006.

26. VEIGA, J. A. P. ; RAO, V. B. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Heat and moisture budgets of the Walker circulation and associated rainfall anomalies during El Niño events. International Journal of Climatology, v. 25, n. 2, p. 193-213, 2005.

27. MORAES, E. C. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. Evaluation of surface air temperature change due to the greenhouse gases increase with a statistical - dynamical model. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, n. D24109, 2005.

28. KAYANO, M. T. ; RAO, V. B. ; ANDREOLLI, R. V. A review of short-term climate variability mechanisms. Advances in Space Research, v. 35, p. 843-851, 2005.

29. GAN, M. A. ; RAO, V. B. ; MOSCATI, M. C. L. South American monsoon indices. Atmospheric Science Letters, v. 6, n. 4, p. 219-223, 2005.

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30. RAO, B. R. S. ; RAO, D. V. B. ; RAO, V. B. Decreasing trend in the strength of tropical easterly jet during the Asian summer monsoon season and the number of cyclonic systems over Bay of Bengal. Geophysical Research Letters, v. 31, n. L1410, p. 14103, 2004.

31. MORAES, E. C. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. Effects of biomass burning in Amazonia on climate: a numerical experiment with a statistical-dynamical model. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 109, n. D05109, p. 1-12, 2004.

32. RAO, V. B. ; FERNANDEZ, J. P. R. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Quasi-stationary waves in the Southern Hemisphere during the El Nino and La Nina events. Annales Geophysicae, v. 22, p. 789-806, 2004.

33. RAO, V. B. ; M. B. Rosa ; BONATII, J. P. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Stratospheric final warming in the Southern Hemisphere and their energetics. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, v. 83, p. 35-49, 2003.

34. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. The correlation between temperature gradient and eddy heat flux in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, v. 81, p. 163-168, 2003.

35. RAO, V. B. ; CARMO, A. M. C. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Interannual variations of storm tracks in the Southern Hemisphere and their connections with the Antarctic Oscillation. International Journal of Climatology, v. 23, p. 1537-1545, 2003.

36. RAO, V. B. ; SANTO, C. M. E. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. A diagnosis of rainfall over South America during the 1997/98 El Nino event. Part I: Validation of NCEP-NCAR reanalysis rainfall data. Journal of Climate, v. 15, p. 502-511, 2002.

37. RAO, V. B. ; CHAPA, S. R. ; FERNANDEZ, J. P. R. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. A diagnosis of rainfall over South America during the 1997/98 El Nino event. Part II: roles of water vapor transport and stationary waves. Journal of Climate, v. 15, p. 512-521, 2002.

38. RAO, V. B. ; CARMO, A. M. C. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Seasonal variations in the Southern Hemisphere storm tracks and associated wave propagation. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, v. 59, p. 1029-1040, 2002.

39. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; FERNANDEZ, J. P. R. ; CHAPA, S. R. Transport of potential vorticity and Eliassen-Palm fluxes for two contrasting years: 1995-1996 (La Nina) and 1997-1998 (El Nino). Annales Geophysicae, v. 20, p. 717-727, 2002.

40. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; MORAES, E. C. ; RAO, V. B. Simulations with a radiation model and comparisons with LBA data sets. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 107, n. D(20), p. 8092-8103, 2002.

41. MOSCATI, M. C. L. ; RAO, V. B. Energetics of the summer circulation over South America. Annales Geophysicae, France, v. 19, p. 83-97, 2001.

42. MISHRA, S. K. ; RAO, V. B. The energetics of an upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex over NE Brazil. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, England, v. 127, p. 2329-2351, 2001.

43. MISHRA, S. K. ; RAO, V. B. ; GAN, M. A. Structure and evolution of the large-scale flow and an embedded upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex over Northeast Brazil. Monthly Weather Review, United States, v. 129, p. 1673-1688, 2001.

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44. MARQUES, R. F. C. ; RAO, V. B. A comparison of atmospheric blockings over the southeast and southwest Pacific Ocean. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Japan, v. 79, p. 863-874, 2001.

45. RAO, V. B. ; FERNANDEZ, J. P. R. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Monsoon like circulation in a Zonally averaged numerical model with topography. Monthly Weather Review, United States, v. 128, p. 779-794, 2000.

46. MARQUES, R. F. C. ; RAO, V. B. Interannual variations of blocking in the Southern Hemisphere and their energetic. Journal of Geophysical Research, United States, v. 105, p. 4625-4636, 2000.

47. RAO, V. B. ; CHAPA, S. R. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Decadal variation of atmosphere-ocean interaction in the tropical Atlantic and its relationship to the Northeast-Brazil rainfall. Journal of Meteorological Society of Japan, Japan, v. 77, p. 63-75, 1999.

48. MARQUES, R. F. C. ; RAO, V. B. A diagnosis of a long lasting blocking event over the Southeast Pacific ocean. Monthly Weather Review, v. 127, p. 1761-1776, 1999.

49. BONATII, J. P. ; RAO, V. B. Meso-scale perturbations and thermohaline fronts in the South Atlantic ocean. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, v. 30, p. 1-24, 1999.

50. RAO, V. B. ; CHAPA, S. R. ; CAVALCANTI, I. F. A. Moisture budget in the tropics and the Walker circulation. Journal of Geophysical Research, United States, v. 103, p. 13713-13728, 1998.

51. CHAPA, S. R. ; RAO, V. B. ; PRASAD, G. S. S. D. Application of wavelet transform to Meteosat derived cold cloud index data over South America. Monthly Weather Review, United States, v. 126, p. 2466-2481, 1998.

52. VAREJÃO-SILVA, M. A. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. A coupled biosphere atmosphere climate model suitable for studies of climate change. Journal of Climate, United States, v. 11, p. 1749-1767, 1998.

53. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; STECH, J. L. ; LORENZZETTI, J. A. The effect of coastal upwelling on the sea-breeze circulation at Cabo Frio, Brazil: a numerical experiment. Annales Geophysicae, France, v. 16, p. 866-881, 1998.

54. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; DA SILVA, R. R. A parameterization of radiative fluxes suitable for use in a statistical-dynamic model. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Austria, v. 69, p. 23-38, 1998.

55. RAO, V. B. ; SÁ, L. D. A. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; HADA, K. Interannual variations of rainfall and corn yields in Northeast Brazil. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, The Netherlands, v. 85, p. 63-74, 1997.

56. RAO, V. B. ; CAVALCANTI, I. F. A. ; HADA, K. Annual variations of rainfall over brazil and water vapor characteristics over South America. Journal of Geophysical Research, United States, v. 101, n. D21, p. 26539-26551, 1996.

57. GAN, M. A. ; RAO, V. B. Case studies of cyclogenesis over South America. Meteorological Applications, United Kingdom, v. 3, p. 359-368, 1996.

58. RAO, V. B. ; GAN, M. A. Comments on climatology of cyclogenesis for Southern Hemisphere. Monthly Weather Review, United States, v. 11, p. 2614-2614, 1996.

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59. ARAVEQUIA, J. A. ; RAO, V. B. ; BONATTI, J. P. The role of moist baroclinic instability in the growth and structure of monsoon depressions. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, United States, v. 24, p. 4393-4409, 1995 (This paper won a WMO - World Meteorological Organization - prize).

60. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. On the simulation of sea surface temperature with a Zonally averaged model. The Global Atmosphere and Ocean System, United States, v. 3, p. 35-53, 1995.

61. RAO, V. B. ; HADA, K. ; HERDIES, D. L. On the severe drought of 1993 in Northeast Brazil. International Journal of Climatology, United Kingdom, v. 15, p. 697-704, 1995.

62. GAN, M. A. ; RAO, V. B. The influence of the Andes Cordillera on transient disturbances. Monthly Weather Review, United States, v. 122, p. 1141-1157, 1994.

63. RAO, V. B. ; HADA, K. An experiment with linear regression in forecast of spring rainfall over South Brazil. Atmosfera Mexico, v. 7, p. 83-87, 1994.

64. RAO, V. B. ; LIMA, M. C. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. Seasonal and interannual variations of rainfall over Eastern Northeast Brazil. Journal of Climate, United States, v. 6, p. 1754-1763, 1993.

65. RAO, V. B. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. The response of a simple climate model to sea surface temperature anomalies. Annales Geophysicae, France, v. 11, p. 846-856, 1993.

66. RAO, V. B. ; LIMA, M. C. ; FRANCHITO, S. H. ; SERVAIN, J. On the role of the coastal wind in the interannual variations of rainfall over Northeast Brazil. Toga Notes, United States, v. 9, p. 12-16, 1992.

67. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. Climatic change due to land surface alterations. Climatic Change, The Netherlands, v. 22, p. 1-34, 1992.

68. GAN, M. A. ; RAO, V. B. Surface cyclogenesis over South America. Monthly Weather Review, United States, v. 119, p. 1293-1302, 1991.

69. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. Quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity transport in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and simple climate models. Journal of Meteorological Society of Japan, Japan, v. 69, p. 233-238, 1991.

70. RAO, V. B. ; HADA, K. Characteristics of rainfall over Brazil annual variations and connections with the Southern Oscillation. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, United States, v. 42, p. 81-91, 1990.

71. KAYANO, M. T. ; RAO, V. B. ; MOURA, A. D. Walker circulation and atmospheric water vapor characteristics over the Pacific during two contrasting years. International Journal of Climatology, England, v. 9, p. 243-251, 1989.

72. KAYANO, M. T. ; RAO, V. B. ; MOURA, A. D. Tropical circulations and associated rainfall anomalies during two contrasting years. Journal of Climatology, England, v. 8, p. 477-488, 1988.

73. FRANCHITO, S. H. ; RAO, V. B. ; SERVAIN, J. Atlantic sea surface temperature and rainfall over Brazil. Tropical Ocean Atmosphere News Letter, United States, v. 46, p. 5-8, 1988.

74. RAO, V. B. ; BONATTI, J. P. On the origin of upper tropospheric cyclonic vortices in the South Atlantic Ocean and adjoining Brazil during the summer. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Austria, v. 37, p. 11-16, 1987.

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75. BONATTI, J. P. ; RAO, V. B. Moist baroclinic instability in the development of North Pacific and South American intermediate-scale disturbance. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, United States, v. 44, p. 2657-2667, 1987.

76. RAO, V. B. ; SATYAMURTY, P. ; BRITO, J. I. B. On the 1983 drought in Northeast Brazil. Journal of Climatology, England, v. 6, p. 43-51, 1986.

77. SATYAMURTY, P. ; RAO, V. B. On the Zonally averaged temperature in the Southern Hemisphere. Journal of Climatology, England, v. 6, p. 417-421, 1985.

78. RAO, V. B. ; BRITO, J. I. B. Tele-connections between the rainfall over Northeast Brazil and winter circulation over Northern Hemisphere. Pure and Applied Geophysics, United States, v. 123, p. 951-959, 1985.

79. RAO, V. B. ; MARQUES, V. S. ; BONATTI, J. P. On the possibility of barotropic instability over North East Brazil. Tellus, Sweden, v. 36(A), p. 207-210, 1984.

80. RAO, V. B. ; MARQUES, V. S. Water vapor characteristics over Northeast Brazil during two contrasting years. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology, United States, v. 22, p. 440-444, 1984.

81. RAO, V. B. ; BONATTI, J. P. ; SANTOS, R. P. Monthly variation of 200-Mb flow in the Tropics. Arch. Met. Geophys. Biokl, Austria, v. 33, p. 21-30, 1984.

82. MARQUES, V. S. ; RAO, V. B. ; MOLION, L. C. B. Interannual and seasonal variations in the structure and energetics of the atmosphere over Northeast Brazil. Tellus, Sweden, v. 35(A), p. 136-148, 1983.

83. RAO, V. B. ; BONATTI, J. P. On some climatological aspects of the Zonally averaged atmosphere in the Southern Hemisphere. Arch. Met. Geophys. Biokl, Austria, v. 30, p. 87-94, 1982.

84. SATYAMURTY, P. ; RAO, V. B. ; MOURA, A. D. Subsynoptic-scale baroclinic instability. Journal of Atmospheric Sciences, United States, v. 39, p. 1952-1961, 1982.

85. RAO, V. B. ; BONATII, J. P. On the efficiency of meridional eddy transport processes during the major stratospheric warming of January, 1977. Tellus, Sweden, v. 33, p. 61-67, 1981.

86. RAO, V. B. ; MURTY, D. S. R. On the stability properties of the non-geostrophic disturbances in a barotropic zonal current. Pure And Applied Geophysics, United States, v. 96, p. 193-204, 1972.

87. ALURKAR, S. K. ; SARKER, R. P. ; RAO, V. B. Analysis of the Non Gaussian Spectra of interplanetary scintillations. Astrophysics and Space Science, United States, v. 19, p. 271-278, 1972.

88. RAO, V. B. Dynamic instability of zonal current during a break monsoon. Tellus, Sweden, v. 23, p. 111-112, 1971.

89. RAO, V. B. ; RAO, S. T. A theoretical and synoptic study of western disturbances. Pure And Applied Geophysics, United States, v. 90, p. 193-208, 1971.

90. RAO, G. ; RAO, V. B. Harmonic analysis of the mean surface temperature of the Northern Hemisphere. Indian Journal Meteorology and Geophysics, Indian, v. 25, p. 575-580, 1971.

91. RAO, V. B. ; RAO, S. T. One some aspects of the stationary harmonics of the atmosphere. Journal of Indian Geophysical Union, Indian, p. 131-136, 1970.

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92. RAO, V. B. On the large-scale motion in the tropics with latent heat due to condensation. Pure and Applied Geophysics, United States, v. 77, p. 168-174, 1969.

THESES SUPERVISED

1. Ph.D. : 19+2 (pursuing) 2. M.S. : 26

5.5 Consultant 3: Biography

1. Name Dr Dodla Venkata Bhaskar Rao2. Date of Birth 30 May 19483. Place of Birth Injilghat, India4. Nationality Indian5. Present position Visiting Professor - Meteorology 6. Address Jackson State University

TLGVRCJackson, MS, Tel: (off): +1+601-979-1892Fax: (off): +1+601-979-8247Email: venkata.b.dodla@jsums.edu; dvbrao@gmail.com

7. Educational qualificationsPh.D. Meteorology Andhra University April 1976M.Sc. (Tech.) Meteorology and

OceanographyAndhra University August 1969

8. Employment Visiting Professor Jackson State University, USA Februrary, 2009 – to date

Professor Andhra University, India April 1993 to May 2008Assoc. Professor Andhra University, India April 1985 to March 1993Asst. Professor Andhra University, India July 1976 to March 1985

9. Teaching Experience

Post-graduate teaching for students of Master’s degree in Meteorology and Oceanography and students of M.Tech degree in Atmospheric Science at Andhra University, India during 1976-2008. Initiated teaching and research programs in Numerical Weather Prediction and Atmospheric Modelling at the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, Andhra University, India.

The present faculty position at Jackson State University, USA requires conduct of research, participation in national and international research programs and participation

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in teaching and training programs related to atmospheric sciences and atmospheric dispersion.

10. Research Experience

1. Research experience in the field of Meteorology since 1970. Main research interests are tropical meteorology - studies of tropical cyclones and Asian summer monsoon; Atmospheric Modelling - tropical cyclone modelling; meso- scale models; general circulation models and climate studies.

2. Research supervisor for students of Doctoral program. Fifteen students have successfully completed their Doctoral programs and were awarded Ph.D. degrees for their studies in the field of numerical modeling of tropical systems. 30 students have completed their M. Tech dissertations.

3. Experience of designing and experimentation with numerical models for tropical cyclone simulation; with general circulation models for climate studies. Worked with atmospheric general circulation models of the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan for studies of Asian summer monsoon; and NCAR meso- scale models for meso- scale prediction and regional climate studies. Associated with the development of a two- level spectral atmospheric general circulation model for climate studies.

4. Developed an axi-symmetric primitive equation model for the simulation studies of tropical cyclones of the Bay of Bengal (north Indian Ocean). Incorporated the cumulus parameterisation schemes of Arakawa- Schubert; Grell; Emanuel and Betts-Miller into the 2-D model and made extensive studies of the sensitivity of convection schemes for the evolution of tropical cyclones.

5. Incorporated the Emanuel's convection scheme in NCAR MM4 (during 1995) at the University of L'Aquila, Italy.

6. Experience of working with the regional spectral model of the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan for regional climate simulation of south Asian summer monsoon. This work has been carried out at MRI, Japan as a STA fellow during Jan-April, 2000.

7. Experience of using NCAR MM5 for the simulation of the evolution of cyclones of the Bay of Bengal. Presently using NCAR MM5 for the simulation of the cyclones of the Bay of Bengal, especially the recent devastating super cyclone of October, 1999 which crossed the east coast of India on 29th October, 1999 causing enormous damage and destruction.

8. Visiting Scientist at FRSGC, Japan as for a six month period (October,2002- March,2003) to work on the regional climate simulation of south Asian summer

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monsoon and for exploring the teleconnections between Indian Ocean Dipole and the regions of Mediterranean and Japan.

9. Visiting Scientist at Florida State University, USA for four months during October,2005 to February, 2006 to work on mesoscale physical initialization for monsoon and hurricane prediction.

10.Visiting Professor at Jackson State University, USA since February, 2009. Working on mesoscale atmospheric prediction and atmospheric dispersion over southeast USA. Experience of working with advanced high resolution mesoscale atmospheric models (WRF, HWRF) and atmospheric dispersion models (HYSPLIT, WRF-Chem).

11.Research Projects

1. Investigator of the project “Studies of tropospheric wave disturbances over India during the pre- monsoon, post- monsoon and monsoon seasons” - sponsored by the University Grants Commission, Govt. of India. 1977-80.

2. Investigator of the project “Some energetics studies of the Indian summer monsoon” - sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. 1982-85.

3. Principal Investigator of the project “Numerical simulation of tropical cyclones and monsoon depressions” - sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. 1986-90.

4. Principal Investigator of the project “Numerical Modelling Studies of Tropical Cyclones with special reference to Indian Region” - sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. 1996-99.

5. Principal Investigator of the project “Assessment of Feasibility of Long Range Forecasting of Monsoon Rainfall on Sub-regional scales” - sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. 1997-2000.

6. Principal Investigator of the project “ Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone movement and intensity estimation using numerical modelling and satellite data” - sponsored by the Indian Space Research Organisation, Govt. of India. 1999-2002.

7. Principal Investigator of the project “Characterisation of TIBL structure along the eastern coast of India” – sponsored by Atomic Energy Regulation Board, Govt. of India. 1999-2004

8. Principal Investigator of the project “ Analysis of the precipitation, surface wind and water vapour during the intensification of the tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal using TRMM, MSMR and SSM/I data” - sponsored by the Indian Space Research Organisation, Govt. of India. 2002-2005.

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9. Principal Investigator of the project “An assessment study of the short range predictive capability of NCAR MM5 during the onset phase of the Indian summer monsoon over west coast of India” -- sponsored by the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. 2005-2008.

10. Principal Investigator of the project “Medium range and extended range predictability of the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall using VARSHA Atmospheric General Circulation Model” -- sponsored by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India. 2007-2009.

12. Research awards:

1. Dr. B.N. Desai Award, 1997-98 for the research contributions on tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal by the Indian Meteorological Society.

2. Elected Fellow of the Andhra Pradesh Akademi of Sciences, 2005 for the contributions to the growth of science in Andhra Pradesh, India.

3. Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Award for Best Academician of the year–2006 – Awarded by Andhra University.

4. Best Researcher of Andhra University - 2002 – Awarded by Andhra University.

5. Elected Fellow, Indian Geophysical Union.

13. Scientific visits abroad:

1. Fellowship by the Indian National Science Academy to do research at Kyoto University, Japan under the Indo-Japan Exchange program for eight months during January-September, 1982.

2. Invited Lecturer at the International Workshop on “Monsoon Rainfall Prediction” sponsored by the ICTP, Italy held at Dhaka, Bangladesh during June, 1983.

3. Associateship Visit to International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, Italy for three months during September- December, 1985.

4. Fellowship of the ICTP Program for Training and Research in Italian Laboratories - to do research at the University of L’Aquila, Italy for one year during November, 1986- November, 1987.

5. Fellowship of the ICTP Program for Training and Research in Italian Laboratories - to do research at the University of L’Aquila, Italy for eight months during May- December, 1988.

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6. Fellowship by the Indian National Science Academy to do research at Kyoto University, Japan under the Indo-Japan Exchange program for six months during March- September, 1989.

7. Visit to International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, Italy as Associate of ICTP for two months during May- June, 1990.

8. Science and Technology Agency, Govt. of Japan Fellowship “Japanese Government Research Awards for Foreign Specialists” - to do research at the Meteorological Research institute, Tsukuba, Japan for six months during September, 1990- March, 1991.

9. Fellowship by the University Grants Commission, Govt. of India under the Indo- German Exchange Program - to do research at the Freie University Berlin for three months during July- October, 1993.

10. Fellowship of the ICTP Program for Training and Research in Italian Laboratories - to do research at the University of L’Aquila, Italy for nine months during March- December, 1995.

11. Fellowship of the ICTP Program for Training and Research in Italian Laboratories - to do research at the University of L’Aquila, Italy for for three months during May- August, 1996

12. Visit to Freie University Berlin, Germany for two weeks from 16th to 31st October, 1995 for collaborative research work and to deliver a lecture at the Institute for Meteorology, Freie University Berlin.

13. Visit to Japan for three weeks from 2 - 20 December 1996 to present a paper and to participate in the International Symposium on “Climate on Monsoon Asia” held at Kyoto University and to deliver lectures at Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba and Hokkaido University, Sapporo.

14. Visit to Japan for three weeks from 4 - 23 November 1998 to work at Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan.

15. Visit to Brazil from 21- 25 September, 1999 as a Member of the Indian Delegation to participate in the meeting on Climate Change.

16. Visit to Japan for three months during Jan- April, 2000 as STA Fellow to do collaborative research work at Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba.

17. Visit to Japan for three months during July-October, 2001 as a visiting scientist at Frontier Research System for Global Change, Yokohama, Japan.

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18. Visit to France for 5 days during 25th Nov- 1st Dec., 2001 as a member of Indian delegation to participate in Indo- French meeting at LMD, Paris, France.

19. Visit to People’s Republic of China for five days during 10-14 June, 2002 as WMO nominee from India to participate in the IPCC meeting on Extreme Weather Events at Beijing, PR China.

20. Visiting Scientist at Frontier Research System for Global Change, Yokohama, Japan for six months during October 2002 – March, 2003.

21. Visit to USA for two weeks from 27 June – 12 July, 2005 to participate in the workshop on WRF and the workshop on high performance computing in weather and climate modeling at NCAR, USA and to visit Florida State University, USA.

22. Visiting Research Scientist at the Department of Meteorology, Florida State University, USA to work with Prof. T.N.Krishnamurti from 16 th October 2005 to 15th

February, 2006.

23. Visit to Indonesia to attend the Second International Workshop onPrevention and Mitigation of Meteorological Disasters in Southeast Asia held at Bandung, Indonesia during 2-5 March 2009.

24. Visit to Japan Indonesia to attend The Third International Workshop on Prevention and Mitigation of Meteorological Disasters in Southeast Asia. Beppu, Japan. March 1-4, 2010.

25. Visiting Professor at Jackson State University, USA since February, 2009.

14. Other Information :

(iv)Life Member, Indian Meteorological Society.(v) Life Member, Ocean Society of India.(vi)Life Member, Indian Science Congress.(vii) Associate of ICTP, Italy : 1985-1990(viii) Director, ICTP - TWAS Workshop on “Dynamics of Tropical Cyclones” held at

Visakhapatnam, India. March 1987.

(ix)Fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society, London, UK, 1986-89.(x) Fellow, Indian Geophysical Union.(xi)Member, Editorial Board, ‘Vayu Mandal’ (Bulletin of the Indian Meteorological

Society).(xii) Member, Editorial Board, ‘MAUSAM’, India Meteorological Department. 1999 -

2002.(xiii) Expert Member, Project Advisory and Monitoring Committee for Atmospheric

Sciences.

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Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. 1998-2001.(xiv) Expert Member, Advisory and syllabus Committee for the Training Institute of

the India Meteorological Department, Government of India. 1998(xv) Expert Member, Syllabus Advisory Committee, UN Course on Satellite

Meteorology and Modelling, Space Applications Centre (ISRO), Government of India. 1998-2008.

(xvi) Expert Member, Environmental Protection Training and Research Institute - ENVIS Coordination Committee, Government of Andhra Pradesh. 1999-

(xvii) Expert Member, Committee on Coastal Zone Regulation, Government of Andhra Pradesh. 2005-

(xviii) Expert Member, Project Advisory and Monitoring Committee on Weather and Climate Research Programme. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. 2002-2007; 2007-2008.

(xix) Expert Member, Selection Committee Boards for DRDO, ISRO, IITM, BARC, Univ. of Pune etc.

(xx) Expert Member, Panel on Fast Track proposals Project Advisory and Monitoring Committee on Weather and Climate Research Programme. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. 2005-2008; and 2008-2011.

(xxi) Expert Member, Technical Monitoring Committee of Cloud Seeding Operations-2007 & 2008, Government of Andhra Pradesh, India.

(xxii) Member, Scientific Advisory Committee, FDP on Land falling cyclones, MOES, Govt. of India, 2008- .

(xxiii) Member, Editorial Board, “International Journal of Mathematical Modeling, Simulation and Applications (IJMMSA)”.

(xxiv) Reviewer for the journals: Journal of Geophysical Research, Geophysical Research Letters, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Natural Hazards, Marine Geodesy, Geofisica International, International Journal for Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal of Earth System Science, Mausam, Journal of Applied Hydrology, J. of AP Akademi of Sciences etc.

16. Research Publications:

Books: 1. A two level quasi-geostrophic spectral atmospheric general circulation model. D.V.

Bhaskar Rao and Guido Visconti. Dpt. F.N. 32/88. Dipartimento Di Fisica, University of L’Aquila, Italy. 1988.

2. Dynamical Weather Prediction. Satellite Meteorology and Global Climate, Vol.3, p 8.24-8.29, CSSTE-AP and SAC(ISRO), 1999.

3. Numerical Modelling of Tropical Cyclones. Satellite Meteorology and Global Climate, Vol.3, p 8.53-8.57, CSSTE-AP and SAC(ISRO), 1999.

4. Guest Editor, Tropical Cyclones: Observations, Modeling and Disaster Management, Special Issue of Natural hazards- Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Vol.41,3, June 2007.

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5. Guest Editor, Monsoons- Understanding and Prediction. Special Issue of Natural hazards- Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural hazards, Vol.42,2, August 2007.

6. Mesoscale modeling of atmospheric processes in India. D.V. Bhaskar Rao, Someshwar Das and P. Sanjeeva Rao. Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, India. 2008.

Publications in refereed journals:

1. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., 1987: Numerical simulation of tropical cyclone circulation using Arakawa-Schubert cumulus parameterization. II Nuovo Cimento (Italy), Vol. 10C, p677-696.

2. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and S.A. Hakeem, 1987: Prediction of monsoon depression movement with barotropic models. Geographical Review of India, Vol. 48, No.2, p28-33.

3. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., 1987: Computation of spectral coefficients of vorticity and divergence from wind data for use in spectral atmospheric models. Bull. Disas. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univ.,Japan, Vol.39, 3, 342, September, 1989.

4. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., A. Kitoh and K. Yamazaki, 1991: Some GCM experiments on Asian summer monsoon related to land boundary conditions. Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics (Japan), Vol. 42, p127-143.

5. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and S.S.V.S. Ramakrishna, 1993: A Numerical Simulation Experiment of the Bay of Bengal Cyclone. Advances in Tropical Meteorology, Ed. R.K.Datta, India Meteorological Society, 1993, p35-47.

6. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and S.S.V.S. Ramakrishna, 1994:A numerical simulation study of the role of sea surface temperature in tropical cyclone evolution. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy (Physical Sciences), 60, A, No.1, p139-155.

7. Bhaskar Rao, D.V.,, K. Ashok and S.S.V.S. Ramakrishna, 1996: A Numerical Simulation Experiment of the Bay of Bengal Cyclone. Advances in Tropical Meteorology, Ed. R.K.Datta, India Meteorological Society, p35-47.

8. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., 1997: Tropical Cyclone Simulation with Emanuel Convection Scheme. MAUSAM, Vol. 48, No.2, (Special issue on Tropical Cyclones), p 113-122.

9. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., C.V. Naidu, B.R.S.rao and R. Bhagyalakshmi, 1998: Variability of monsoon rainfall over India. Journal of Applied Hydrology, Vol. XI, No. 1, p 49-57.

10. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and K. Ashok, 1999: Simulation of Tropical Cyclone Circulation over the Bay of Bengal. Part I - Description of The Model, Initial Data & Results of The Control Experiment. PAGEOPH (USA), Vol. 156, 3, p525-542.

11. Chandrasekhar, A., D.V. Bhaskar Rao and A. Kitoh, 1999: Effect of Horizontal Resolution on Simulation of Asian Summer Monsoon using MRI GCM-II. Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics (Japan), Vol. 50, 2, p65-80.

12. C.V. Naidu, B.R.Srinivasa Rao and D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 1999: Climatic Trends and Periodicities of Annual Rainfall over India. Meteorological Applications (UK), 6, p395 – 404.

13. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and T. Vijayakumar, 1999:Tropical Cyclones - Observations and Some Modelling Aspects. Visakha Science Journal, Vol..3 No. 1, p 29 - 44.

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14. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., C.V. Naidu and B. SrinivasaRao, 2001: Trends and Fluctuations of the cyclonic systems over North Indian Ocean. MAUSAM, 52,1, p1-8.

15. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and K. Ashok, 2001:Simulation of Tropical Cyclone Circulation over the Bay of Bengal. Part II – Some sensitivity experiments. PAGEOPH (USA), Vol.158,No.7, p1017-1046.

16. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., Sasaki and Y.Sato, 2001: Simulation of Indian Southwest Monsoon Regional Climate using a Regional Climate Model. Vayumandal, 31, p 14-23. Special issue: Proceedings of ICOM-2001: International Conference on “Forecasting Monsoons from Days to Years” , during 20-22 March, 2001.

17. Rao, G.V. and D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2003: A review of some observed mesoscale characteristics of tropical cyclones and some preliminary numerical simulations of their kinetic features. Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad. Vol.69, A, No.5, p 523-541.

18. Srinivasa Rao,B.R., D.V. Bhaskar Rao and V. BrahmanandaRao, 2004: Decreasing trend in the strength of the tropical easterly jet during the Asian summer monsoon season and the number of tropical cyclone systems over Bay of Bengal. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol.31, L14103, doi:10.1029/2004GL019817.

19. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., K. Ashok and T.Yamagata, 2004: A numerical simulation study of the Indian summer monsoon of 1994 using NCAR MM5. Journal of Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 86, No.2, p 1755-1775.

20. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and D. Hari Prasad, 2005:Impact of special observations on the numerical simulation of a heavy rainfall event during ARMEX-Phase 1. MAUSAM, Vol. 56, p 121-130.

21. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and D. Hari Prasad, 2006: Numerical prediction of the Orissa super cyclone (1999): Sensitivity to the prameterisation of convection, boundary layer and explicit moisture processes, MAUSAM, Vol.57, 1, p 61-78.

22. SathiDevi,K., D. Hari Prasad and D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2006: The evaluation of Kain- Fritsch scheme in tropical cyclone simulation. 2006, MAUSAM, 57,3, p395-410.

23. Bhaskar Rao, D.V. and D. Hari Prasad, 2007: Sensitivity of tropical cyclone intensification to boundary layer and convective processes. Natural Hazards., 41,3, p 429-445.

24. Vijayakumar, T.S.V., J.Sanjay, B.K. Basu, A.K.Mitra, D.V. Bhaskar Rao, O.P.Sharma, P.K.Pal and T.N.Krishnamurti, 2007: Experimental Multi model super ensemble Forecasts of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal. Natural Hazards, 41,3, p 471-485.

25. Srinivas, C.V., D.V. Bhaskar Rao and R.Venkatesan, 2007: Numerical simulation of Andhra Severe cyclone (2003): Sensitive to the Boundary Layer and Convection Parameterization. Pure Appl. Geophys. 164, p1-23.

26. Krishnamurti, T.N., S.Pattnaik and D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2007: Mesoscale moisture initialization for monsoon and hurricane forecasts. Monthly Weather Review,135,7, p2716-2736.

27. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., D. Srinivas, and S.B.Ratna, 2007: Climate change with special reference to India: Present and future scenarios. A.P.Akademi of Sciences, 11(4), p229-239.

28. Krishnamurti, T.N., M. Biswas and D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2008: Vertical Extension of the Tibetan High of the Asian Summer Monsoon. Tellus A, 60, 5, p1038-1052.

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29. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., D. Srinivas, and S.B.Ratna 2008: Regional scale prediction of the onset phase of the Indian southwest monsoon with a high resolution atmospheric model. Atmos. Sci. Let. 9: 237–244.

30. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., D. Hari Prasad and D. Srinivas, 2009: The impact of horizontal resolution and the advantages of nested domains approach in the prediction of tropical cyclone intensification and movement. J. Geophys. Res., 114, D11106, doi: 10.1029/2008JD011623.

31. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., D. Hari Prasad and D. Srinivas, 2009: Real time prediction of SIDR cyclone over Bay of Bengal using high resolution mesoscale models. Book on Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones and Climate Change. Charabi, Yassine (Ed.), 285 p. 164 illus., Springer, ISBN: 978-90-481-3108-2.

32. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., and S.B.Ratna, 2010: Mesoscale characteristics and prediction of an unusual extreme heavy precipitation event over India using a high resolution mesoscale model. Atmospheric Research, 95, 255-269. (doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.10.004).

33. HariPrasad, D. and D.V. Bhaskar Rao. 2010: Numerical Modelling of Bay of Bengal Cyclone: Sensitive to Horizontal Resolution and Nested Domains. Scientific and Legal Challenges of Global Warming, Ed. S.K.Ker et al.

34. Bhaskar Rao, D.V., D. Hari Prasad, D. Srinivas and Y. Anjaneyulu , 2010: Role of vertical resolution in numerical models towards the intensification, structure and track of tropical cyclones. Vol. 33, No. 4, Marine Geodesy, Special Issue on Tropical Cyclones.

35. Anjaneyulu Yerramilli, Srinivas , C.V., Bhaskar Rao Dodla V., Hari Prasad Dasari, John Young, Chuck Patrick, Julius M. Baham, Robert Hughes, Mark G.Hardy and Shelton J. Swanier, 2010: Simulation of surface ozone pollution in the central Gulf coast region using WRF/Chem model : Sensitivity to PBL and land surface physics. Advances in Meteorology, Volume 2010 (2010), Article ID 319138, 24 pages, doi:10.1155/2010/319138.

36. Vijay, Tallapragada and D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2010: Tropical cyclone prediction over Bay of Bengal: A Comparison of the performance of NCEP operational HWRF, NCAR ARW and MM5 models. Communicated to Natural Hazards (under review).

37. Srinivas, C.V., D.V.Bhaskar Rao, D. Hari Prasad and Anjaneyulu Yerramilli, 2010: Numerical modeling of Indian summer monsoon rainfall associated with onset phase. Communicated to AOGS Special issue.

38. Hari Prasad, D., D.V.Bhaskar Rao, Srinivas, C.V. and Anjaneyulu Yerramilli, 2010: Simulation of Indian monsoon extreme rainfall events during the decadal period of 2000-2009 using a high resolution mesoscale model. Communicated to AOGS Special issue.

39. Anjaneyulu Yerramilli, Venkata Bhaskar Rao Dodla, Venkata Srinivas Challa, LaToya Myles, William R. Pendergrass, Christoph A. Vogel, Hari Prasad Dasari, Francis Tuluri, Julius M. Baham, Robert Hughes, Chuck Patrick, John Young, Shelton J. Swanier and Mark G. Hardy, 2010: An Integrated WRF/HYSPLIT Modeling Approach for the Assessment of PM2.5 Source Regions over Mississippi Gulf Coast Region. Communicated to Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health (under review).

40. Anjaneyulu Yerramilli, Venkata Bhaskar Rao Dodla, Srinivas Desamsetti, Srinivas V. Challa, John H. Young, Chuck Patrick, Julius M. Baham, Robert L. Hughes, Sudha Y., Francis Tuluri, Mark G. Hardy and Shelton J. Swanier, 2010: Air Quality

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Modeling for Urban Jackson, Ms Region using High Resolution Wrf/Chem Model. Communicated to International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.

41. Venkata Bhaskar Rao Dodla, Srinivas Desamsetti, and Anjaneyulu Yerramilli, 2010: An Evaluation of the Performance of Three Versions of WRF Model (HWRF, ARW and NMM) In the Simulation of Hurricane Katrina (2005). Communicated to International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.

International Conferences:1. Tropospheric wave disturbances over India during the summer monsoon. Proceedings

of the International Tropical Meteorology Meeting. American Meteorological Society, U.S.A., 1974, p129-132.

2. Numerical weather prediction experiments over Indian region using barotropic models. Proceedings of 6th conference on Numerical Weather Prediction. American Meteorological Society, U.S.A., June 1983, p53-56

3. Numerical simulation of the tropical cyclone with Arakawa-Schubert cumulus parameterization scheme and inclusion of downdrafts. Proceedings of 8th conference on Numerical Weather Prediction, American Meteorological Society, U.S.A., 1988, p844-847.

4. Climatic trends and periodicities of annual rainfall over India. Proceedings of the International Symposium on “Climate of monsoon Asia”, Kyoto, 3-7 December 1996, p159-162.

5. Numerical Simulation of Tropical Cyclones with different Convection schemes. Paper presented at INTROMET-97, New Delhi, 2-5 Dec., 1997.

6. The impact of Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures over the Indian summer monsoon. Paper presented in Summer Colloquium on the Physics of weather and climate – The physics of climate change: A regional perspective held at ICTP, Trieste, ITALY, 7 –25 June, 1999.

7. Simulation of Indian Southwest Monsoon Regional Climate using a Regional Climate Model. Vayumandal, 31, p 14-23. Special issue: Proceedings of ICOM-2001: International Conference on “Forecasting Monsoons from Days to Years” , during 20-22 March, 2001.

8. Simulation of off-shore vortex during ARMEX-2002 using mesoscale model. International conference on SIVOM, 6-10, Munnar, India, Oct., 2003

9. Variability of the cyclonic systems over Bay of Bengal and the related environmental factors. INTROMET-2004, Hyderabad. Feb.2004.

10. Cyclonic systems over Bay of Bengal and the related environmental factors. INDOCLIM, Pune. Feb.2004.

11. Numerical simulation of Orissa Super cyclone, 25-30 October 1999, with and without nudging of satellite winds, International Symposium on “Tropical Cyclone- Observationas, Understanding and Prediction”, Bhubaneswar, Jan. 2005.

12. Some sensitivity experiments with parameterisation of physical processes on the simulation a Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone using NCAR MM5, WRF workshop, NCAR, Boulder, USA, June., 2005.

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13. Numerical prediction of tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal, with a detailed case study of the Orissa Super Cyclone. Presented at ERCA-2006 workshop at Grenoble, FRANCE. January 2006.

14. Numerical prediction of the heaviest rainfall event (over Mumbai) during the southwest monsoon season of 2005. Presented at IMPA-2006 at IITD, February 2006.

15. Numerical prediction of the heavy rainfall event of 26 July 2005 over Mumbai (west coast of India): A case study using NCAR MM5. Presented at ICTP, Italy, March 2006.

16. Numerical simulation of Bay of Bengal cyclones using high resolution mesoscale model. Presented at an international training programme KAGI21 summer school at Bandung, Indonesia. July 2006

17. Numerical Simulation of the intensification and movement of tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal: A case study. Presented at IUGG, Perugia, Italy, July 2007.

18. Numerical prediction of the onset phase of the Indian southwest monsoon. Presented at International conference on Celebrating monsoon at IISc, Bangalore, July 2007.

19. Numerical prediction of the heavy rainfall events during onset phase of the Indian southwest monsoon. Presented at an international training programme KAGI21 summer school at Bandung, Indonesia. July 2007.

20. Numerical simulation of a Bay of Bengal tropical cyclone: A comparison of the results from experiments with JRA-25 and NCEP reanalysis fields. Presented at Third WCRP International Conference on Reanalysis, Tokyo, Japan, 28 January- 1 February 2008.

21. High resolution quantitative precipitation forecasting: sensitivity to cloud microphysical processes. Presented at International Workshop On Weather Modification Technologies & Symposium on Natural Disaster Management, Hyderabad, India, 27-29 June 2008.

22. Numerical prediction of Bay of Bengal super cyclone using high resolution WRF model. Presented at International Workshop On Weather Modification Technologies & Symposium on Natural Disaster Management, Hyderabad, India, 27-29 June 2008.

23. Evaluation of WRF and QLM for cyclone tracking. Presented at International Workshop On Weather Modification Technologies & Symposium on Natural Disaster Management, Hyderabad, India, 27-29 June 2008.

24. Impact of ARMEX-I Observations in the mesoscale simulation of heavy rainfall events over the west coast of India. Presented at International Workshop On Weather Modification Technologies & Symposium on Natural Disaster Management, Hyderabad, India, 27-29 June 2008.

25. Ensemble Prediction of “SIDR” Cyclone over Bay of Bengal Using a High Resolution Mesoscale Model. Second International Workshop on Prevention and Mitigation of Meteorological Disasters in Southeast Asia held at Bandung, Indonesia during 2-5 March 2009.

26. Medium range regional scale predictability of the Indian summer monsoon during its onset phase. 5th KAGI21 INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SCHOOL - Kyoto University Active Geosphere Investigations for the 21st Century COE Program held at Kyoto University, Japan during 22nd August to 4th September, 2009.

27. Observation analysis and numerical modeling of the Sea Breeze circulation and boundary layer characteristics over Mississippi Gulf Coast region. Symposium on

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Advances in Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling, Climate Change and Geospatial/Visualization Technologies, Jackson State University, USA, July 30 – 31, 2009.

28. Numerical modeling of the boundary layer structure and Sea Breeze circulation over Gulf coast region during intense observational period 16-20 June 2009. Symposium on Advances in Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling, Climate Change and Geospatial/Visualization Technologies, Jackson State University, USA, July 30 – 31, 2009.

29. Simulation of Atmospheric Dispersion characteristics of Mercury using HYSPLIT model over the Mississippi Gulf Coast region. Symposium on Advances in Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling, Climate Change and Geospatial/Visualization Technologies, Jackson State University, USA, July 30 – 31, 2009.

30. Simulation of atmospheric dispersion characteristics of PM2.5 -(SO2) over the Mississippi Gulf Coast region during CONTRASTING summer and winter seasons. Sixth International Symposium On Recent Advances in Environmental Health Research, Jackson , USA, September 13−16, 2009.

31. Strategies and Implications for source- receptor identification of atmospheric pollutants using integrated atmospheric and air quality models. International Workshop on “Clean Technologies for the Sustainable Development”. JNTU, Hyderabad, India during December 9-10, 2009.

32. Source-receptor modeling using high resolution wrf meteorological fields and the hysplit model to assess mercury pollution over the mississippi gulf coast region. Annual American Met. Soc. Conference, Atlanta, USA, 16-19 January, 2010.

33. Evaluation of PM2.5 source regions over the mississippi gulf coast using wrf/hysplit modelng approach. Annual American Met. Soc. Conference, Atlanta, USA, 16-19 January, 2010. Annual American Met. Soc. Conference, Atlanta, USA, 16-19 January, 2010.

34. Observation, analysis and modeling of the sea breeze circulation during the NOAA/ARL-JSU Meteorological Field Experiment, Summer 2009. Annual American Met. Soc. Conference, Atlanta, USA, 16-19 January, 2010.

35. Analysis and predition of the atmospheric boundary layer characteristics during the NOAA/ARL-JSU Meteorological Field Experiment, Summer 2009. Annual American Met. Soc. Conference, Atlanta, USA, 16-19 January, 2010.

36. Numerical prediction of atmospheric mixed layer variations over the gulf coast region during noaa/arl jsu meteorological field experiment summer 2009 - sensitivity to vertical resolution and parameterization of surface and boundary layer processes. Annual American Met. Soc. Conference, Atlanta, USA, 16-19 January, 2010.

37. A new strategy for improvement in the prediction of tropical cyclone intensity and movement using fdda and vortex initialization. The Third International Workshop on Prevention and Mitigation of Meteorological Disasters in Southeast Asia. Beppu, Japan. March 1-4, 2010.

National Conferences:1. North break and south break monsoon. Proceedings of the Symposium of Aridity and

Drought in Andhra Pradesh, held at Andhra University. August 1970.

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2. Numerical modelling approach to tropical cyclone studies. Proceedings of Symposium on Cyclones in Andhra Pradesh and Disaster Management. Government of Andhra Pradesh. 1990.

3. Numerical simulation of tropical cyclone with 16-level axi-symmetirc model – Paper presented in the National Symposium on “Meteorology and Natural Disasters” – TROPMET 1996, Indian Met. Society, February 14-17, 1996.

4. Tropical cyclone simulation using Emanuel convection scheme: some preliminary results - Paper presented in the National Symposium on “Meteorology and Natural Disasters” – TROPMET 1996, Indian Met. Society, February 14-17, 1996.

5. A numerical study of tropical cyclone with enhanced radial resolution - Paper presented in the National Symposium on “Meteorology and Natural Disasters” – TROPMET 1996, Indian Met. Society, February 14-17, 1996.

6. Tropical Cyclone Simulation with three different convection schemes. Presented at the National Conference on “Resources Appraisal and Management for Sustainable Development”, Kumbakonam, 1-3 February 1997.

7. Numerical Simulation of Tropical Cyclones with different Convection schemes. Paper presented at INTROMET-97, New Delhi, 2-5 Dec., 1997.

8. Anomaly circulation patterns for active and weak southwest monsoon seasons of northeast India. Meteorology beyond 2000, Proc. of TROPMET-99, Indian Met. Soc., p119-123, 1999.

9. Effect of horizontal resolution on simulation of Asian Summer Monsoon using MRI GCM – II. Meteorology beyond 2000, Proc. of TROPMET-99, Indian Met. Society, p274-277, 1999.

10. The variability of monsoon rainfall in relation to Indian ocean sea surface temperature. Meteorology beyond 2000, Proc. of TROPMET-99, Indian Met. Society, p334-338, 1999.

11. Trends in Ocean Sciences – 21st Century – Invited paper presented in National Workshop on “Trends in Ocean Sciences”. National Institute of Oceanography, Visakhapatnam, 25-26 September 2000.

12. Upper air inversions. IPC-2000 Proceedings, Varanasi, India.13. Observational and numerical modeling aspects of tropical cyclones over Bay of

Bengal. Invited paper at Tropmet-2001, National symposium, Mumbai, 6-8, Feb.,2001

14. Tropical cyclones simulation over Bay: Some observational and Modelling aspects. Invited paper, Proceedings of the Department of Atomic Energy symposium on “Cyclone Emergency Preparedness” , held at IGCAR, Kalpakkam, pp 89-99, 29 –31 January, 2002.

15. Tropical cyclone simulation and prediction. Lead talk delivered at TROPMET–2002, Symposium on Forecasting and mitigation of meteorological disasters: tropical cyclones, floods and droughts, Bhubaneswar, 11-14, Feb., 2002.

16. Tropical cyclones simulation over Bay of Bengal with Betts- Miller convection parameterization scheme. Paper presented at TROPMET–2002, Symposium on Forecasting and mitigation of meteorological disasters: tropical cyclones, floods and droughts, Bhubaneswar, 11-14, Feb., 2002.

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17. Numerical prediction of a passing western disturbance over north India using a mesoscale model. Invited paper presented at the Workshop on Mesoscale Models, New Delhi, 29-30, July, 2002.

18. The impact of ARMEX-I on the simulation of west coast off-shore trough and heavy precipitation events. National symposium on the results of ARMEX, NIOT, Chennai, Dec., 2003.

19. Numerical simulation of the mesoscale vortices associated with heavy precipitation over the west coast of India during the southwest monsoon season, National symposium on “Atmospheric Sciences, Climate change and Environmental studies” at IITM, Pune. Jan. 2005

20. Simulation of Bay of Bengal cyclones using NCAR MM5, Brain Storming Session on Modelling Tropical Cyclones with emphasis on Super Cyclone 1999, IMD, New Delhi. March. 2005.

21. Mumbai heavy rainfall on 26th July, 2005: A case study of the prediction. Presented at National conference on “Tsunami and Other Natural Coastal Hazards” at Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India. November 2005.

22. Numerical simulation of tropical cyclones with special reference to Bay of Bengal, Presented at IGCAR, Kalpakkam, September, 2005.

23. Numerical prediction of the development and intensification of the tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal. Presented at National conference on “Tsunami and Other Natural Coastal Hazards” at Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India. November 2005.

24. Numerical prediction of the heavy rainfall event of 26 July 2005 over Mumbai: A case study using NCAR MM5. Presented at CMMACS, Bangalore, March 2006.

25. A key note lecture on Introduction to mesoscale modelling. Presented at CMMACS, Bangalore, March 2006

26. Numerical prediction of the Heavy Rainfall Events during Armex-Phase I of the summer monsoon, 2002, Presented at NIO, Goa, April, 2006

27. A keynote lecture on Monsoon Rainfall Variability over India - Atmospheric Teleconnections. Presented at NFEEG, Andhra University, May, 2006.

28. Tropical cyclones over Bay of Bengal. Presented at Workshop on Cyclones, Earthquake, Tsunami and Disaster Management at Eluru,31 July-1 August 2006

29. Impact of horizontal resolution on tropical cyclone simulation using high resolution mesoscale model. Presented at a international workshop on workshop on Natural Hazards at Berhampur, September 2006.

30. Intensification and movement of tropical cyclones - Sensitivity to the horizontal resolution in numerical models. Presented at a national symposium TROPMET-2006 at IITM, Pune, November 2006.

31. On the Feasible Improvements in the Prediction of Monsoon Heavy Rainfall events with Four Dimensional Data Assimilation. Presented at a national symposium TROPMET-2006 at IITM, Pune, November 2006

32. Mesoscale modelling of tropical cyclones and monsoon processes. Presented at a National Workshop on Mesoscale Modelling Processes at Andhra University, January 2007.

33. Simulation of Indian summer monsoon during July of the contrasting weak and good monsoon years of 2002 and 2003 using a regional climate model. Presented at the

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National Conference on “TROPMET-2007” held at Indian Meteorological Department/Barkatullah University, Bhopal during 17-19 December, 2007.

34. Numerical prediction of the intensification and movement of the Orissa super cyclone (1999) using WRF model: Sensitivity to different physical processes, Presented at National conference on “Advances in Meteorology and their Applications” – TROPMET-2007, Bhopal, India, 17-19, December 2007

35. Simulation of a heavy rainfall event over the West Coast of India using ARMEX reanalysis data with MM5 model, Presented at National conference on “Advances in Meteorology and their Applications” – TROPMET-2007, Bhopal, India, 17-19, December 2007.

36. A comparison of the performance of different cumulus parameterization schemes in the prediction of a monsoon heavy rainfall event. Presented at the “95th Indian Science Congress” held at Andhra University, Visakhapatnam during 3-7 January, 2008.

37. Numerical modelling of Orissa Super Cyclone using high-resolution mesoscale model- sensitivity to explicit moisture processes, Presented at National conference on “Knowledge based Society using Environmentally Sustainable Science and Technology” Presented at the “95th Indian Science Congress” held at Andhra University, Visakhapatnam India, 3-7, January 2008.

38. Some evidences of global warming and climate change over India, Presented at Ist AP SCIENCE CONGRESS 2008, “Emerging trends in Science and Technology” –Hyderabad, India, 14-16, November 2008.

39. Strategies and Implications for source- receptor identification of atmospheric pollutants using integrated atmospheric and air quality models. International Workshop on “Clean Technologies for the Sustainable Development”, JNTU, Hyderabad, India, December 9-10, 2009.

40. An Evaluation of the Performance of Three Versions of WRF Model (HWRF, ARW and NMM) In the Simulation of Hurricane Katrina (2005). Presented at the 7th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Environmental Health Research, Jackson, Ms, USA, 12-16 September, 2010.

41. Air Quality Modeling for Urban Jackson, MS region using Ultra High Resolution WRF/Chem Model. Presented at the 7th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Environmental Health Research, Jackson, Ms, USA, 12-16 September, 2010.

Other Publications:1. D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2008: Global warming and Climate change-I. Bulletin of the Centre for Policy Studies, Vol.13, No. 1, p 7-8.2. D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2008: Global warming and Climate change-II. Bulletin of the Centre for Policy Studies, Vol.13, No. 2, p 9-10.3. D.V. Bhaskar Rao, 2008: Numerical weather prediction. Lecture notes-SERC training program on atmospheric and space sciences, September 2008.

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Curriculum Vitae of Collaborator

Dr Tetsuya TakemiAssociate ProfessorAtmospheric and Hydrospheric Disasters Research DivisionDisaster Prevention Research InstituteKyoto UniversityGokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, JapanE-mail: takemi@storm.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jpPhone: +81-774-38-4160; Fax: +81-774-38-4158

Personal DataSex: MaleNationality: JapanDate of Birth: 22 August 1970Place of Birth: Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan

EducationKyoto University, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto, Japan

Doctor of Science, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, March 1999Master of Science, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, March 1996

Kyoto University, Faculty of ScienceBachelor of Science, Department of Geophysics, March 1994

Professional ExperienceMarch 2007 - Present

Associate Professor, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto UniversityMay 2004 - February 2007

Lecturer, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology

May 2001 - April 2002Visiting Scientist, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO

April 1999 - April 2004Assistant Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University

April 1996 - March 1999Japan Society for Promotion of Science Research Fellow

Memberships1994 - Present: Meteorological Society of Japan1999 - Present: American Meteorological Society

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2004 - Present: Japan Association for Wind Engineering2004 - Present: American Geophysical Union2006 - Present: Japan Society of Fluid Mechanics2010 - Present: Japan Geoscience Union2011 - Present: Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment

Service2008 - Present: Editor (Co-Chief Editor, 2010 - ), Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan2008 - Present: Editor, Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere2010 - Present: Trustee, Meteorological Society of Japan2011 - Present: Secretary (Kinki local chapter), Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment2011 - Present: Program committee member, Japan Geosciences Union2011 - Present: Member of conference organizing committee, Meteorological Society of Japan2012 - Present: Member of meteorological disaster committee, Meteorological Society of Japan2006, 2008, 2010, 2012: Member of scientific review committe, National Symposium on Wind Engineering2004 - 2008: Editor, Journal of Wind Engineering, JAWE

Article reviews for:Journal of the Meteorological Society of JapanScientific Online Letters on the AtmosphereJournal of the Atmospheric SciencesMonthly Weather ReviewWeather and ForecastingJournal of Geophysical ResearchQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological SocietyAtmospheric Chemistry and PhysicsAtmospheric ResearchJournal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

Refereed Publications1. Mitsuta, Y., T. Hayashi, T. Takemi. Y. Hu, J. Wang, and M. Chen, 1995: Two severe

local storms as observed in the arid area of northwest China. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 73, pp. 1269-1284.

2. Takemi, T., 1999: Evaporation of rain falling below a cloud base through a deep

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atmospheric boundary layer over an arid region. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 77, pp. 387-397.

3. Takemi, T., 1999: Structure and Evolution of a Severe Squall Line over the Arid Region in Northwest China. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 127, pp. 1301-1309.

4. Takemi, T., and T. Satomura, 2000: Numerical experiments on the mechanisms for the development and maintenance of long-lived squall lines in dry environments. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 57, pp. 1718-1740.

5. Takemi, T., 2000: Diurnal variability of the fair weather boundary layer over the western equatorial Pacific. Umi To Sora, Vol. 76, pp. 15-20.

6. Takahashi, S., M. Nabekura, O. Tsukamoto, T. Iwata, T. Takemi, and H. Ishida, 2000: Sea surface heat flux evaluation by on-board technique over tropical western Pacific. Umi To Sora, Vol. 76, pp. 21-26.

7. Takemi, T., and R. Rotunno, 2003: The effects of subgrid model mixing and numerical filtering in simulations of mesoscale cloud systems. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 131, pp. 2085-2101.

8. Takemi, T., O. Hirayama, C. Liu, 2004: Factors responsible for the vertical development of tropical oceanic cumulus convection, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 31, L11109, doi:10.1029/2004GL020225.

9. Takemi, T., and R. Rotunno, 2005: CORRIGENDUM. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 133, pp. 339-341.

10. Takemi, T., and N. Seino, 2005: Duststorms and cyclone tracks over the arid regions in east Asia in spring. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, D18S11, doi:10.1029/2004JD004698.

11. Takemi, T., 2005: Explicit simulations of convective-scale transport of mineral dust in severe convective weather. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 83A, pp. 187-203.

12. Takemi, T., and N. Seino, 2005: Duststorms and mesoscale cloud systems over the east Asian deserts in spring. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution:Focus, Vol. 5, pp. 159-174.

13. Takemi, T., M. Yasui, J. Zhou, and L. Liu, 2005: Modeling study of diurnally varying convective boundary layer and dust transport over desert regions. Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere, Vol. 1, pp. 157-160.

14. Mikami, M., G.-Y. Shi, I. Uno, S. Yabuki, Y. Iwasaka, M. Yasui, T. Aoki, T.Y. Tanaka, Y. Kurosaki, K. Masuda, A. Uchiyama, A. Matsuki, T. Sakai, T. Takemi, M. Nakawo, N. Seino, M. Ishizuka, S. Satake, K. Fujita, Y. Hara, K. Kai, S. Kanayama, M. Hayashi, M. Du, Y. Kanai, Y. Yamada, X. Y. Zhang, Z. Shen, H. Zhou, O. Abe, T. Nagai, Y. Tsutsumi, M. Chiba, and J. Suzuki, 2006: Aeolian Dust Experiment on Climate Impact: An overview of Japan-China Joint Project ADEC. Global and Planetary Change, Vol. 52, pp. 142-172.

15. Takemi, T., M. Yasui, J. Zhou, and L. Liu, 2006: Role of boundary layer and cumulus convection on dust emission and transport over a midlatitude desert area. Journal of

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Geophysical Research, Vol. 111, D11203, doi:10.1029/2005JD006666.16. Takemi, T., 2006: Impacts of moisture profile on the evolution and organization of

midlatitude squall lines under various shear conditions. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 82, pp. 37-54.

17. Takemi, T., 2007: A sensitivity of squall line intensity to environmental static stability under various shear and moisture conditions. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 84, pp. 374-389.

18. Takemi, T., 2007: Environmental stability control of the intensity of squall lines under low-level shear conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, D24110, doi:10.1029/2007JD008793.

19. Takemi, T., 2008: An eddy-resolving simulation of the diurnal variation of fair-weather convection and tracer transport. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 89, pp. 270-282.

20. Takemi, T., 2009: High-resolution numerical simulations of surface wind variability by resolving small-scale terrain features. Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Japan, Vol. 57, pp. 421-428.

21. Takemi, T., 2009: A high-resolution simulation of convective-scale transport of dust aerosol and its representation in cloud-resolving simulations. Advances in Geosciences, Vol. 10: Atmospheric Science, pp. 161-175, World Scientific Publishing Company.

22. Takemi, T., 2010: Dependence of the precipitation intensity in mesoscale convective systems to temperature lapse rate. Atmospheric Research, Vol. 96, pp. 273-285, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.09.002.

23. Ohno, H., and T. Takemi, 2010a: Mechanisms for intensification and maintenance of numerically simulated dust devils. Atmospheric Science Letter, Vol. 11, pp. 27-32., doi: 10.1002/asl.247.

24. Takemi, T., K. Kusunoki, K. Araki, T. Imai, K. Bessho, S. Hoshino, and S. Hayashi, 2010: Representation and localization of gusty winds induced by misocyclones with a high-resolution meteorological modeling. Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Japan, Vol. 58, pp. 121-130.

25. Oku, Y., T. Takemi, H. Ishikawa, S. Kanada, and M. Nakano, 2010: Representation of extreme weather during a typhoon landfall in regional meteorological simulations: a model intercomparison study for Typhoon Songda (2004). Hydrologic Research Letters, Vol. 4, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.3178/hrl.4.1.

26. Ohno, H., and T. Takemi, 2010b: Numerical study for the effects of mean wind on the intensity and evolution of dust devils. Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere, Vol. 6A, pp. 5-8, doi:10.2151/sola.6A-002.

27. Miyamoto, Y., and T. Takemi, 2010: An effective radius of the sea surface enthalpy flux for the maintenance of a tropical cyclone. Atmospheric Science Letter, Vol. 11, pp. 278-282, doi: 10.1002/asl.292.

28. Nomura, S., and T. Takemi, 2011: Environmental stability for afternoon rain events in

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the Kanto plain in summer. Scientific Online Letters on the Atmosphere, Vol. 7, pp. 9-12, doi:10.2151/sola.2011-003.

29. Miyamoto, Y., and T. Takemi, 2011: Effects of surface exchange coefficients for high wind speeds on intensity and structure of tropical cyclones: Numerical simulations for Typhoon Ioke (2006). Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Japan, Vol. 59, pp. 275-283.

30. Inoue, H. Y., K. Kusunoki, W. Kato, H. Suzuki, T. Imai, T. Takemi, K. Bessho, M. Nakazato, S. Hoshino, W. Mashiko, S. Hayashi, T. Fukuhara, T. Shibata, H. Yamauchi, O. Suzuki, 2011: Fine-scale Doppler radar observation of a tornado and low-level misocyclones within a winter storm in the Japan Sea coastal region. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 139, pp. 351-369, doi: 10.1175/2010MWR3247.1.

31. Nakayama, H., T. Takemi, and H. Nagai, 2011: LES analysis of the aerodynamic surface properties for turbulent flows over building arrays with various geometries. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, Vol. 50, pp. 1692-1712, doi: 10.1175/2011JAMC2567.1.

32. Takemi, T., S. Nomura, Y. Oku, and H. Ishikawa, 2012: A regional-scale evaluation of changes in environmental stability for summertime afternoon precipitation under global warming from super-high-resolution GCM simulations: A study for the case in the Kanto Plain. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 90A, pp. 189-212, doi: 10.2151/jmsj.2012-A10.

33. Takemi, T., 2012: Projected regional-scale changes in atmospheric stability condition for the development of summertime convective precipitation in the Tokyo metropolitan area under global warming. Hydrologic Research Letters, Vol. 6, pp. 17-22, doi: 10.3178/HRL.6.17.

34. Nakayama, H., T. Takemi, and H. Nagai, 2012: Large-eddy simulation of urban boundary-layer flows by generating turbulent inflows from mesoscale meteorological simulations. Atmospheric Science Letters, Vol. 13, pp. 180-186, doi: 10.1002/asl.377.

35. Takemi, T., 2012: Importance of the numerical representation of shallow and deep convection for simulations of dust transport over a desert region. Advances in Meteorology, Vol. 2012, Article ID 413584, 13 pages, doi:10.1155/2012/413584.

36. Miyamoto, Y., and T. Takemi, 2012: A transition mechanism for the spontaneous axisymmetric intensification of tropical cyclones. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, in press.

Books1. Takemi, T., S. Nomura and Y. Oku, 2011: Environmental Stability for Convective

Precipitation Under Global Warming, In Planet Earth 2011 - Global Warming Challenges and Opportunities for Policy and Practice, Elias G. Carayannis (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-733-8, InTech, pp. 57-72. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/articles/show/title/environmental-stability-for-

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convective-precipitation-under-global-warming2. Takemi, T., H. Ishikawa, 2012: High-Resolution Local-Scale Simulations of

Meteorological Conditions and Wind Fields over the Fukushima Region in March 2011, In Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI Reports, Vol.1 Studies on the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake, Springer, in press.

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