Food and health - obesity in the developing world
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More people in the developing world are now overweight than hungry. How
can the poorest countries fight obesity?
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main points:• Globalization in LDC’s has brought the unhealthy Western diet with it.
- pop (i.e. high fructose corn syrup)
- saturated fat
- animal source foods
• people in LDC’s are adopting lifestyles that contribute to obesity
- more sedentary jobs
- more screen time
• no country has ever managed to reduce its # of overweight citizens
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For most developing nations, obesity has emerged as a more serious threat
than hunger. Mexico
Egypt
S. Africa
S. America
Middle E.
N. Africa
50% of adults are overweight or obese
25% of adults are overweight or obese
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World wide 1.3 billion people are overweight
800 million are underweight
Those #’s are diverging rapidly
What are the reasons for this?
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In less than 1 generation:
• Kids are drinking large amounts of pop• and getting a lot more screen time
• More food in LDC’s is bought in grocery stores (not farmer’s markets; vegetable stands etc) Grocery store food is highly processed = added sugar, fat, salt etc.
• Meat consumption has 50% since 1930
• DC gov’ts and large food companies are flooding LDC’s with cheap sweeteners, oils and meat
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Health effects…(just to name a few)
• An explosive upsurge in diabetes
• Heart disease
• Hypertension
• Congestive heart failure
• Gout
• Stroke
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…Mexixico…• 1989 – 10% adults overweight• 2006 – 69.3% adults overweight
Why did thishappen?
Proximity to US – culture, media
Connection to obesity & poverty
Rural to Urban migration
-tv, internet, print ads forunhealthy food
- but some rural areasare also affected
- incomes have risen enough for more screen time/processed food; but no access to education about healthy foods, or recreational activities to mitigate these factors
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Biggest contributor:
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japan
usa
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• b/c water has no calories, humans did not evolve to reduce food intake to compensate for calorie consumption
• Putting sweeteners into bev’s added 137 calories to the average daily US diet (1977-2006)
Over 1 year that equals 14 lbs.
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Solutions…
• Gov’t can restrict access to unhealthy foods…esp. in grade schools and high schools
• gov’t subsidies to meat/poultry/dairy could be shifted to fruits and veggies
• Tax sweeteners - high fructose corn syrup - sweetened beverages
• Revenues from these taxes could be used to encourage better nutrition
• Ban ads for sweetened foods and beverages from children’s TV, or even all media
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If nothing is done, the medical costs of obesity
related illness could bring down the economies of
China and India and many other Developing nations
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