Folklore and Folkloristics · 2019. 2. 13. · ISSN: 2350-031X Folklore and Folkloristics (Vol....
Transcript of Folklore and Folkloristics · 2019. 2. 13. · ISSN: 2350-031X Folklore and Folkloristics (Vol....
ISSN: 2350-031X
Folklore and Folkloristics (Vol. 11.1; June 2018)
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Folklore
and
Folkloristics
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‘Sogra’ Festival of the ‘Hill Tiwa’ Community, Assam
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Swami Shastrajnanda Swami Tattwasarananda
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District Representative of West Bengal B Bankura Dr. Ashrafi Khatun
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Asif Iqbal
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Sourav Maji
P Purulia Dr. Nabagopal Saha
Dr. Khurshid Alam
S South Dinajpur Payel Halder
Goutam Sarkar
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Editorial
This issue (Vol-11, No-1, June 2018) contains two articles rendered by Sk Makbul Islam and Ajijul
Hoque Mondal. Both the articles are related to great personalities of Bengal – Rabindranath Tagore
and Ramananda Chottopadhyay. The area of literature and culture received much emphasis in the
two articles.
Sk. Makbul Islam Editor-in-Chief
Folklore and Folkloristics
June 2018
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Content
Editorial - SK. MAKBUL ISLAM 8
Articles REFORMING AND REFRAMING OF INDIA: AN OVERVIEW OF RAMANANDA
CHATTOPADHYAY’S CONTRIBUTION TO FOLKLORE AND CULTURE
- SK. MAKBUL ISLAM 10
RABI-PRADAKSHIN 18
- AJIJUL HOQUE MONDAL
News and Information
International Conference on Folkore
- KAZI ABU ZUMMAN 26
Folklore and Folkloristics
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REFORMING AND REFRAMING OF INDIA: AN OVERVIEW OF RAMANANDA
CHATTOPADHYAY’S CONTRIBUTION TO FOLKLORE AND CULTURE
- SK. MAKBUL ISLAM
Introduction The ‘Indian Freedom Movement’ was not mere a political
pursuit, it was process of remaking the nation
and reforming of nation. Revival of ancient values,
reformation of society, reinforcement of nationalism and
rejuvenation of spirituality alto
‘Independent India’. The goal was
is an ongoing process which had traversed the British period
in 1947.
In the process of making India, journalism has played an
important role stimulating the task of
society, culture and identity. Keeping focus on the
thinkers and writers, we come across a band of personalities, who apart from being novelist
lyricist-reformers have left their contribution in the sphere of journalism
parameters, editing journals and writing columns in newspapers taken for granted, names like Raja
Rammohan Roy, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Kazi Nazrul Islam and many others may be
pronounced.
Ramananda Chattopadhyay (1865
Indian journalism. Amid different efforts, Ramananda’s mission and vision of remaking India seems
highly conspicuous. My presentation will try to appreciate Ramananda Chattopadhyay in th
perspective of history and journalism in general, and Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s contribution to
folklore and culture in particular by measuring the age and the minds of some great personalities
associated with him or with his journals. Ramananda Chattopa
Art, Folklore and Culture will be dealt with from the perspective of ‘folkloristics’
deals with the scientific analysis of folklore and culture.
Methodology Since the approach of folkloristics is appl
Chattopadhyay from the point of folklore is seen, it is would be descent to mention the methodology
including a note on folkloristics. The term ‘folklore’ is well known to us. Folkloristics is the science
of folklore study. As a distinct discipline, folkloristics proposes to apply theory and method while
doing research on folklore – the living tradition of culture. In order to deal with the discourse, the
following methodological orderliness is felt convenien
Strategy:
Primary Data Source:
Secondary Data Source:
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Folklore and Folkloristics (Vol. 11.1; June 2018)
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J2018)
REFORMING AND REFRAMING OF INDIA: AN OVERVIEW OF RAMANANDA
CHATTOPADHYAY’S CONTRIBUTION TO FOLKLORE AND CULTURE
The ‘Indian Freedom Movement’ was not mere a political
pursuit, it was process of remaking the nation - reframing
and reforming of nation. Revival of ancient values,
reformation of society, reinforcement of nationalism and
rejuvenation of spirituality altogether has resulted in the
‘Independent India’. The goal was - remaking the nation. It
is an ongoing process which had traversed the British period
In the process of making India, journalism has played an
important role stimulating the task of reconstruction of
society, culture and identity. Keeping focus on the Bengalee
, we come across a band of personalities, who apart from being novelist
reformers have left their contribution in the sphere of journalism too. Considering two vital
parameters, editing journals and writing columns in newspapers taken for granted, names like Raja
Rammohan Roy, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Kazi Nazrul Islam and many others may be
(1865-1943), owing to his towering talent owns a dominant position in
Indian journalism. Amid different efforts, Ramananda’s mission and vision of remaking India seems
highly conspicuous. My presentation will try to appreciate Ramananda Chattopadhyay in th
perspective of history and journalism in general, and Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s contribution to
folklore and culture in particular by measuring the age and the minds of some great personalities
associated with him or with his journals. Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s commitment towards Indian
Art, Folklore and Culture will be dealt with from the perspective of ‘folkloristics’ – a discipline that
deals with the scientific analysis of folklore and culture.
Since the approach of folkloristics is applied here, and since no other paper on Ramananda
Chattopadhyay from the point of folklore is seen, it is would be descent to mention the methodology
including a note on folkloristics. The term ‘folklore’ is well known to us. Folkloristics is the science
folklore study. As a distinct discipline, folkloristics proposes to apply theory and method while
the living tradition of culture. In order to deal with the discourse, the
following methodological orderliness is felt convenient for this research.
Surveying the Cognitive Potential (through Literature)
Prabasi, The Modern Review (selected volumes)
Sister Nivedita’s writings
Writings on Ramananda (books, journals, website)
Suniti Kumar Chatterjee’s Article
Shanta Devi’s book
Korak (Ramananda Issue)
Internet
History of the Brahmo Samaj by Sivnath Shastri
Others
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REFORMING AND REFRAMING OF INDIA: AN OVERVIEW OF RAMANANDA
, we come across a band of personalities, who apart from being novelist-essayist-
too. Considering two vital
parameters, editing journals and writing columns in newspapers taken for granted, names like Raja
Rammohan Roy, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Kazi Nazrul Islam and many others may be
1943), owing to his towering talent owns a dominant position in
Indian journalism. Amid different efforts, Ramananda’s mission and vision of remaking India seems
highly conspicuous. My presentation will try to appreciate Ramananda Chattopadhyay in the
perspective of history and journalism in general, and Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s contribution to
folklore and culture in particular by measuring the age and the minds of some great personalities
dhyay’s commitment towards Indian
a discipline that
ied here, and since no other paper on Ramananda
Chattopadhyay from the point of folklore is seen, it is would be descent to mention the methodology
including a note on folkloristics. The term ‘folklore’ is well known to us. Folkloristics is the science
folklore study. As a distinct discipline, folkloristics proposes to apply theory and method while
the living tradition of culture. In order to deal with the discourse, the
Surveying the Cognitive Potential (through Literature)
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Approach: Indigenous View
Historiographic approach
Folkloristic approach
Verification of data with primary (wherever possible)
Presentation: Descriptive
Analytic
Strength: Appreciating the domain of Folklore-Culture,
Explorative
Cross-disciplinary understanding
Authenticated
Limitation: Initial Overview
Small Focus
Lacking extensive investigation
Brahmo Movement: Ramananda Chattopadhyay Ramananda Chatopadhyay’s contribution to the advancement of Indian culture can not be measured
without measuring the contribution of Brahmo movement to Indian society. Raja Rammhan Roy and
the following period have witnessed series of efforts of social reforms initiated by the Brahmos. The
spread of Brahmo movement to different parts of India like – Bengal, Assam Odisha, Punjab, Gujrat,
Maharashtra and other states helped the liberal outlook spread in different parts of India. In UP,
Brahmo movement spread in Allahabad, Agra, Barelly, Dehradun, Gazipur and other places. Some
of the progressive activities that Brahmo Samaj initiated were –
1. Women Education
2. Promotion of Art-Literature-Culture (by way of publishing books and journals)
3. Interfaith Understanding (Rammohan – Ramananda)
a. Translation of Al-Quran into Bengali first – Girish Chaandra Sen
b. Translation of Taz-Kiratal-Awaliya into Bengali – Girish Chandra Sen
c. Translation of ‘Guru Granth Sahib’ into Bengali – Haran Chandra Chaklada
4. Promoted Inter-religious Harmony
5. Searching India’s Identity (National, Cultural)
6. Tried to reform India
Ramananda: The Patriot Journalist Ramananda Chattopadhyay was dedicated follower of Brahmo faith. He was out and out a patriot.
During colonial period, reformers had made their movement through politics, literature,
philosophical thoughts etc. Ramananda Chattopadhyay did it through journalism. He was a patriot
journalist. Through journalism Ramananda Chattopadhyay promoted history, patriotism, nationalism,
humanism, education values etc. The trend started with Raja Rammohan Roy (1772-1833). He
published ‘Sambad Koumadi’ (1821), and ‘Miratul Akhbar’ (1822). After Rammohan Roy, Iswar
Gupta (1812-1859) published ‘Sambad Prabhakar’ (1831) and Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
(1838-1894) published ‘Bangadarshan’ (1872). Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899-1976) was Contemporary
to Ramananda Chattopadhyay. Kazi Nazrul Islam published ‘Dhumketu’ (1922), ‘Langal’ (1925) and
‘Ganabani’ (1926). The trend of serving nation through journalism continued in Kamakshi Prasad
Chattopadhyay (1917-1976) who published ‘Rangmoshal’ (1940’s).
Different facets of Movement The Indian freedom movement had different facets where pioneering personalities had contributed
their inputs. Some of the major facets and associated personalities who were involved with
Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s ‘Prabasi’ and ‘The Modern Review’ are:
Literature Rabindranath Tagore
Art and Craft Ananda Coomarswami, Radhakumud Mukherjee
Painting Ravi Varma
Anthropology and Ethnology Mukandi Lall
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Religion and Spirituality Lala Lajpat Roy, Prof. Homersham Cox
Cultural Integration Dinesh Chandra sen
Sociology Jnanendra Mohan Das
Indian Culture Sister Nivedita
Folklore The ‘Haramoni’ section of ‘Pabasi’ and Rabindranath
Tagore
Sculpture Ramkinkar Bej
Contribution to Science Acharyya Jagadish Chandra Bose
Some references from Prabasi and The Modern Review may be cited here.
Arts, Crafts Folklore Intangible Cultural Tradition In case of Art and Culture, Nandalal Bose, Ravi Varma, Abanindranath Tagore, Ramkinkar Bej,
Bamapada Bandyopadhyay together have made a silent movement. Most of them have contributed
their valuable writings in Ramananda’s journals. Some of the important examples are:
Art and Craft a. Ananda K. Coomarswamy, “The Present State of Indian Art”, published in The Modern
Review; August 1907 (p. 105-110) and The Modern Review; November 1907 (p. 105-110).
b. Kundumul Manghir Singh, “The Arts and Industries of Sindh”, published in The Modern
Review; August 1908 (p. 129-134). The article highlighted different traditional folk arts like
- -Glazed Pottery, Lacquer ware, Cloth Painting, Silk and Gold Thread Embroidery, Cloth
manufacture and Handlooms, The Carpet Industry, The Sugar Industry, Mats and Read
Works, and The Leather Industry
c. Ananda K. Coomarswamy, “The Indian Craftsman”, published in The Modern Review;
September 1908 (p. 191-196).
d. Ananda K. Coomarswamy, “Medieval Indian Painting”, published in The Modern Review;
April 1910 (p. 314-322).
e. Radha Kumud Mukherjee, “Ships and Boats in Old Indian Art”, Published in The Modern
Review; April 1910 (p. 510-593).
f. Akshay Kumar Moitra, “Bharat Silpa Sambhar” published in Prabasi; Boishakh 1309
Bangabda (p. 17-20). The article contains some photo documentations like - Ivory Craft,
Metal Craft (Silver), Wood Carving and Embroidery.
Painting Ramananda Chattopadhyay through Prabasi and The Modern Review had promoted Indigenous
painting tradition. Theoretical discussion on painting as well as painting of Ravi Varma, Bamapada
Bandyopadhyay, Avanindranath Tagore and of course some others were published in Prabasi and in
The Modern Review. The cultural philosophy of India, as reflected through painting were expressed
their paintings. Such as:
a. “Krishna-Birahini Radha” by Ravi Varma was published in Prabasi; Jayastha 1309
Bangabda (p. 58)
b. “Sita-O-Swarna Mriga” by Ravi Varma was published in Prabasi; Jayastha 1309 Bangabda
(p. 66)
c. “Mohini” by Ravi Varma was published in Prabasi; Ashadh 1309 Bangabda (p. 88)
d. “Ravana Killing Jatayu” by Ravi Varma published in Modern Review; December 1907 (p.
546)
e. “Abhimanyue-Uttara” by Bamapada Bandyopsahyay was published in Prabasi; Sharavan
1309 Bangabda (p. 204)
f. “Dancing Shiva” (Nataraj) was published in the cover page of The Modern Review, April
1933
g. “Laxman-Surpanakha” was published in the cover page of The Modern Review, June 1933
h. “Radha-Krishna” was published in the cover page of The Modern Review, February 1935
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Author’s Note on Painting I have noticed that three types of paintings were published in Prabasi and The Modern Review –
Indian, Indo-Tibetian and Western.
a. In Indian style of painting, the source of the painting content is Sanskrit literature like
Purana, Ramayana, Mahabharta, Bhagavatam and others.
b. Construction of ‘Indian-ness’ (Bharatiyattwa) is a major perceptible phenomenon.
c. Expression of Indian Transcendentalism is also conspicuous trend.
d. Expression of ‘Bhaba’ and ‘Rasha’ seems to be a blazing phenomenon in the paintings.
e. Technically speaking, the ‘Cognitive Text’ of Cultural India was translated into Visual Text.
Radha, Sita, Uttara-Abhimanyu are the best examples.
f. A. K. Coomarswamy’s discussions on painting must be considered as the theoretical
dimension of Indian painting and art.
Emphasis on Researches in Science in India The Indian culture in general comprises of both arts and science. Sister Nivedita wanted that the
study of science in India should go to a higher position. How she promoted Jagadish Chandra Bose is
known to all. Both Prabasi and The Modern Review tried to uphold the works of Jagadish Chandra
Bose, such as -
a. “Adhyapak Bosur Kayekti Abiskar” was published in Prabasi (Magh-Phalgun 1309
Bangabda, p. 333-340)
b. “Dr. J. C. Bose’s Psychological Researches” by Jagadananda Roy was published in The
Modern Review (October 1907, p. 363-365)
Anthropology and Ethnography
Apart from art and literature, some papers related to anthropology and ethnography were published
in Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s Prabasi and The Modern Review.
a. A paper on “Khasia” was published in Prabasi, (Phalgun 1322 Bangabda, p. 483-497)
b. Paper on “Khasia Jati” was published in Prabasi (Chaitra 1309 Bangabda, p. 399-405)
c. “The Bhutias: The People of the Eastern Border Land of Kumaun” written by Mukandi Lall
was published in Modern Review, (August 1908, (p. 125-127)
d. “Fighiting Races and Castes of India” was published in The Modern Review (July 1907, p.
57-59)
e. “Gilgit O Gilgiti: Adim Nibasi O Tahader Utpatti” was published in Prabasi (Ashadh 1309
Bangabda, p. 87-89)
Religion and Spirituality
Spirituality is prime essence of the Indian religions. In this domain both Sanatan and Islam found
expression in the pages of Prabasi and The Modern Review. The message of Bhagavad Gita and
Sufism were discussed. Some of the selected examples are:
a. “The Message of Bhagavat Gita” by Lala Lajpat Roy was published in The Modern Review
(February 1908, p. 209-222).
b. “Sufism” by Prof. Homersham Cox was published in The Modern Review, November 1907,
p. 399-405).
c. “Sufi Sampraday” was published in Prabasi (Magh-Phalgun 1309 Bangabda, p. 367-370).
Cultural Integration In continuation to religion and spirituality, cultural integration is another social reality in Indian
society and culture. Ramananda Chattopadhyay wanted to highlight the issue for reformation of our
nation. Some articles published in Prabasi and The Modern Review bear out this fact.
a. “The Influence of Chaitanya on Bengali Society and Literature” by Dinesh Ch. Sen was
published in The Modern Review (October 1907, p. 342-346).
b. “Democracy and Multiplicity of Religious Sects of India” was published in The Modern
Review (October 1907, p. 354-357).
c. “Bharate Prachya O Pratichyer Sangmishran” was published in Prabasi (Bhadra 1303
Bangabda, p. 163-)
d. ‘Elephanta: The Synthesis of Hinduism’ by Sister Nivedita was published in The Modern
Review (September 1908, p. 281-284).
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Sociology Serious observation on the Bengalees in Diaspora was reflected in Prabasi, grossly referring to the
Bengalees living beyond Bengal. Such as:
a. “Punjabe Bangali” by Jnanendramohan Das was published in two parts in Prabasi (Ashadh
1309 Bangabda, p. 61-65 and Shravan1309 Bangabda, 147-149)
b. “Brahmadeshe Bangali” was published in Prabasi (Bhadra 1303 Bangabda, p. 188-195)
Sister Nivedita, Indian Art and The Modern Review Sister Nivedita (1867-1911) was one among the contributor’s of The Modern Review. She wrote
Note in Modern Review when Ramananda Chattopadhyay was sick for some days in 1910. Initiated
in Sri Ramakrishna Order, Vedantic Vision and Indian-ness by swami Vivekananda, Nivedita
emerged as the voice of India’s Cultural Identity as well as the voice of Indian Nationalism. Swami
Vivekananda gave her initiation in “Bharat Mantra”. Scientific attitude towards life and spiritual
devotion towards man and God made Nivedita distinct from others.
Raja Rammohan Roy, Madhusudhan dutta, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and some others
accepted the ‘West’ and became great. Sister Nivedita, contrarily, became great by accepting the
‘East’. Sister Nivedita stood in favour of India and Indian culture. That is why Ramananda
Chattopadhyay found her essential for The Modern Review. Sister’s concern for India and Indian
Culture (including arts and science) is evident in her writings.
Selected List of Sister Nivedita’s Writing on The Modern Review (1907-1935) Sister Nivedita wrote in many journals and news papers like – Prabuddha Bharat, Indian World,
Utopian Press, Karma Yogin, Amrita Bazar Patrika, The Statesman, Brahmavadin, the Bengalee, the
Hindu and so on. Major parts of her writing were published in The Modern Review. A chronological
list is given below:
1901 February ‘A Chat With a Russian About Russia’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 361)
1906 August ‘India The Mother’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiii)
1907 January ‘The Function of Art in Shaping Nationalis,’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiii)
1907 February ‘The Function of Art in Shaping Nationalis,’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiii)
1907 March ‘A Study of Benaras’ (Nivedita, Vol-4, p. xiii)
1907 April ‘Lord Curzon on Famines in India’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 201)
1907 March-May ‘Glimpses of Famine and Flood in East Bengal in 1906’ (4 instalments)
[Later on Published form Indian Press, Allahabad] (Nivedita, Vol-4, p. xiii)
1907 July ‘Some Problems of Indian Research’(Nivedita, Vol-4, p. xiii)
1907 July-December ‘Japan and Korea’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 442)
1907 July-December ‘The Tragedy of Jute’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 356)
1907 October ‘The Death Bed of Dasharatha,’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiii)
1907 September ‘Relation Between Buddhism and Hinduism’ (Nivedita, Vol-4, p. xiv)
1907 September ‘Child-Heart’ (Poem, Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 229)
1907 October ‘Elephanta, the Synthesis of Hinduism’
1907 October ‘A New Sect’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 128)
1907 November ‘Brahmin and Kshatrya’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 88)
1907 December ‘Our Unity in diversity’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 158)
1908 February ‘The Recent Congress’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 160)
1908 March ‘Democratic Feeling in England’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 163)
1908 April Note on ‘Sati’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1908 May Note on ‘Kaikeyi’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1908 April Note on ‘Vikramaditya and th Vetal’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1908 July ‘The Education of Women’
1909 July ‘Medieval Sinhalese Art’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1909 September Note on ‘Dance of Shiva’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1909 October Review of ‘Indian Sculpture and Painting’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1909 November ‘Havell on Hindu Sculpture’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1909 November ‘The Vajra As A National Flag’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 167)
1909 December ‘Havell on Indian Painting’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1910 January ‘Sah Jahan Dreaming of Taj’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1910 March Note on ‘Damayanti’s Swayamvara’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
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1910 April ‘The Exhibition of the Indian Society and the Oriental Art’
(Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1910 May Note on ‘Ahalya’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1910 August Note on ‘The Charning of the Ocean’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1910 October Note on ‘Srimati, Martyr’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xiv)
1910 November Note on ‘Vina’ and ‘Jagai-Madhai’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xv)
1910 January ‘The Ancient Abbey of Ajanta’ (Nivedita, Vol-4, p. 000)
1910 January ‘Romesh Chandra Dutta’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 201)
1910 February ‘The Northern Tirtha: A Pilgrim’s Diary’ (Nivedita, Vol-1, p. xviii)
1910 August ‘To Colonize the Himalayas’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 206)
1910 September ‘Review on Essays in National Idealism’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 302)
1910 September ‘Review on Youth’s Noble Path’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 312)
1911 June ‘In Memorium: Sara Chapman Bull’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 269)
1911 July ‘Review On Primitive Traditional History’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 306)
1911 August Note on ‘Abhimanyu’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xv)
1911 July-December ‘The Education of Women’
1911 October* ‘What is a Backward Race’ (*Sister Nivedita Died on 28 October1911;
Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 356)
1911 November ‘In Bodh Gaya’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 367)
1912 January ‘Star Pictures’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xv)
1912 February ‘Note On Historical Research’ (Nivedita, Vol-4, p. xv)
1912 March-April ‘The Rise of Vaishnavism under the Guptas and The Old Brahminical
Learning’ (Nivedita, Vol-4, p. xv)
1915 February ‘To Talk About Clean Roads’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 224)
1919 September ‘Shiva or Mahadeva’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xv)
1919 October ‘Buddha and Yasodhara’ (Nivedita, Vol-3, p. xv)
1921 October ‘The Cry of the Mother to Indian Youth’ (Poem, Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 227)
1926 January ‘Earth and Water’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 227)
1935 January ‘The Sociological Method in History’ (Nivedita, Vol-5, p. 57)
(Source: Complete Works of Sister Nivedita, Vol. 1-5, Advaita Ashram)
If we look into the list of the writings of Sister Nivedita, it appears that Sister gave priority to Indian
Art and Culture, Indian Value system, Indian nationalism and Indian history. In Indian context, a
major portion of the living culture flows through the folk process. Shiva, Abhimanyu, Sita, Ahalya,
Kaikey or some others, though belong to epic, yet persist amid the living folk. How a bridge between
Sister Nivedita and folklristics can be made is a separate issue of investigation. Keeping Sister
niveditas 150 in mind we can go for another research. But, for this paper we must admit that
Ramananda Chattopadhyay, who gave Nivedita adequate space in his journal, took folklore as one of
the serious agendas for this Prabasi and The Modern Review.
Folklore Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s contribution to folklore studies of Bengal is yet to be evaluated.
Actually, Rabindranath Tagore was in the helm of the entire scheme of bringing folklore to front in
order to rejuvenate the pulse of our country. Ramananda Chattopadhyay extended him support with
Prabasi. Whatever folklore documents were published in Prabasi was the joint venture of
Rabindranath and Ramananda. In Kartik 1322 Bangabda the ‘Haramoni’ section was introduced in
Prabasi. The main aim was to bring the folklore / oral tradition of Bengal to a wider platform. The
Modern Review too was dedicated to this mission. But it was mainly Prabasi in which folklore of
Bengal were published. Lalan Fakirs song, Baul song, Bhatiali songs were published in Prabasi and
articles on Folktales, Folk Art and Craft were published in The Modern Review. Some selected
examples are cited below:
a. “Folktales of Hindustan” by Seikh Chilli was published in three different series in The
Modern Review (July 1907; p. 50-57; August1907; p. 184-186 and November, 1907, p.
456-457).
b. Rabindranath Tagore collected ‘Lalan Fakirer Gan’ (Songs of Lalan Fakir) was published
in the Haramoni section in Prabasi (Magh, 1322, p. 404-405)
c. Four Bhatiali songs were published in Prabasi, Kartik, 1322 Bangabd, p. 175-176).
d. Four Baul songs were published in Prabasi, Agrahayan 1322 Bangabda (p. 100-101).
e. “Wedding Songs of the Punjab” was published in The Modern Review (February, 1936)
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Role of Prabasi and The Modern Review in promoting Folklore Studies Rabindranath Tagore considered oral lore to be the ‘national wealth’ (this is Nationalistic view of
folklore). Strategic decision of publishing oral lore was taken by Rabindranath and Ramananda. The
‘Haramoni’ section was introduced in ‘Prabasi’. The very first section of ‘Haramoni’ was
committed to folklore. Rabindranath explored Lalan Fakir and Lalan’s songs were collected by
Rabindranath published first in Prabasi.
When we discuss the history of folklore of Bengal, we talk about Rabindranth Tagore. But the
contribution of Ramananda Chattopadhyay should be brought into light, because the policy of
publishing folklore in ‘Haramoni’ section of Prabasi was taken by Ramananda. It was he who
introduced the trend of highlighting folklore (oral lore) through publication. This was a land mark in
the history of Indian folkloristics.
Overall Observation: The Issue of Re-forming, Re-making and Re-awakening The Seer: Ramananda Chattopadhyay was a patriot journalist. He loved India and he wanted to
remake and reform India. The effort of remaking India is not new. Sri Chaitanyadeva tried this
during Sultan rule. Raja Rammohan Rammohan Roy started doing this during British rule. The
process of remaking India got extra fuel when Indian freedom movement emerged as another strong
force. Hence, the movement of remaking Indian was cluster of so many movements and reforms. The
Brahmos of Bengal started social reforms. Ramananda Chattopadhyay was one among the torch
bearers.
Personal Life: Ramananda Chattopadhyay lived a ‘Swattik’ life and promoted interfaith
understanding (by giving emphasis on Sufism, Gita, Chaitanyadeva etc), highlighted science and the
works Indian scientists through his journals. He brought the contemporary talents of diverse fields
under one umbrella. He tried to popularize the glory of Indian Art (Ref: Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s
article on Ajanta Painting, The Modern Review) and Folklore (Haramoni). He served the Nation
through journalism. The Modern Review or Prabasi became the voice of Nation. He promoted
modernity and emphasized on reasoning. Ramananda Chattopadhyay was out and out a secular
personality (the Dasashram is an example).
Reframing: Ramananda was instrumental in reframing the idea of India in the light of secular and
liberal vision which accepted multiplicity and individual’s identity. He projected India’s high cultural
potential by referring to ‘glorious past’. It is theoretically accepted that one among the major pillar of
modernity is ‘revival of the past’. Formation of the concept of a ‘New India’ that Rammohan Roy,
Swami Vivekananda, Rabindranath dreamt of, was continued by Ramananda too. Reforming society
by reframing concepts is seen in Ramananda Chattopadhyay’s approach. And he gave equal
emphasis on both classic and folk culture.
Reference
Bengali Korak Korak Sahitya Patrika, Ramananda Chattopadhyay Issue, Book Fair 2015
Devi Shanta Devi, Bharat-Muktisadhak Ramananda Chattopadhyay O Ardha Satabdir
Bangla, Dey’s Publishing, Kolkata, 2016.
Prabasi Prabasi, Edited by Ramananda Chattopadhyay.
Hindi
Chatterjee Suniti Kumar Chatterjee, “Ramananda Chattopadhyay Aur Adhunik bharatiya
Samskriti”, Visva Bharati Patrika, Vol-16, No: 3-4, p. 228-232
English Shastri Shibnath Shastri, History of the Brahmo Movement, Sadharan Brahmo Samaj,
Calcutta, 1993
Nivedita The Complete Works of Sister Nivedita (Vol: 1-5), Advaita Ashram, Kolkata,
2006
Review The Modern Review, Edited by Ramananda Chattopadhyay.
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Acknowledgement
Person
Prof. Dr. Mahesh Chattopadhyay, Allahabad, UP
Prof. Dr. Bratati Chakrabarty, Banaras, UP
Swapan Bandyopadhyay, Kolkata, WB
Swastik Bose, Allahabad, UP
Dr. Ajijul Hoque Mondal, Allahabad
Ayantika Chakrabarty, Halisahar, WB
Institution Bangiya Sahitya Parisat Library, Kolkata, WB
St. Paul’s Cathedral Mission College Library, Kolkata, WB
Anglo-Bengali Inter-College, Allahabad, UP
Author: Dr. Sk. Makbul Islam (D. Litt.), Associate Professor, Department of Bengali, St. Paul’s Cathedral
Mission College, Kolkata. Principal Investigator, UGC Major Research Project on ‘Sri Jagannath in
North-East India’. E-mail: [email protected]
Folklore and Folkloristics
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ISSN: 2350
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Author:
Dr. Ajijul Hoque Mondal is a lecturer in Bengali in Anglo-Bengali Inter College, Prayagraj
(Allahabad), UP; E-mail: [email protected]
Folklore and Folkloristics
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News and Information-1: (000021-
INTERNATIONAL FOLKLORE WORKSHOP IN DHAKA, BANGLADESH
- KAZI ABU ZUMMAN
‘The 5th
Folklore Summer School
Workshop were held in Bangla Academy, Dhaka, Bangladesh
during 13-17 April 2018. The
Ethnomusicology. Representatives from Bangladesh, India and UK
took part in this workshop. Professor Shamsuzzaman Khan, the
Director of Bangla Academy gave the Welcome Address.
Prof Jawaharlal Handoo, Dr. Sukhabilas Barma,
Islam and Dr. Asimananda Gangopadhyay were invited from India.
Kajal Adhikary (the son of Bijay Sarkar, Narail) was also present.
Jenifer Reid from UK participated in the workshop.
Mustafa Zaman Abbasi, Shahida Khatun, Mofid
Mahmud has added more attract
The participants were: Anabil Ehsan, Md. Aminul Hoque, Dr. Belal
Hussen,Gautam Chandra Barman, Dr. Jesmin buly, John Hembrom,
Khairul Kuader, Kripasindhu Roy Sarkar, Luis Besra, Mairul Islam
Rajan, Ms. Manira Islam, Monojkanti Roy
Rahaman, Md. Nurunnabi Shanto, Mamun Hembrom, Rifat Fatema,
Sakar Mustafa, Sakir Diwas and Tania Biswas.
This international workshop can be sa
folkmusic and ethnomusicology.
the possible methods of doing ethnomusicology were disdussed. In
spite of doubts and debated the workshop was able to provide a clear
picture about music and culture.
participants, who took active pa
trend of folkmusic research in Bangladesh
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-FF-11.1-J2018)
INTERNATIONAL FOLKLORE WORKSHOP IN DHAKA, BANGLADESH
Folklore Summer School’ as well as International Folklore
held in Bangla Academy, Dhaka, Bangladesh
The theme of the workshop was
Ethnomusicology. Representatives from Bangladesh, India and UK
Professor Shamsuzzaman Khan, the
gave the Welcome Address.
Prof Jawaharlal Handoo, Dr. Sukhabilas Barma, Dr. Sk Makbul
Islam and Dr. Asimananda Gangopadhyay were invited from India.
Kajal Adhikary (the son of Bijay Sarkar, Narail) was also present. Ms.
Jenifer Reid from UK participated in the workshop. The presence of
Mustafa Zaman Abbasi, Shahida Khatun, Mofidul Hoque, Dr. Firoz
tion to the programme.
The participants were: Anabil Ehsan, Md. Aminul Hoque, Dr. Belal
Hussen,Gautam Chandra Barman, Dr. Jesmin buly, John Hembrom,
Khairul Kuader, Kripasindhu Roy Sarkar, Luis Besra, Mairul Islam
Rajan, Ms. Manira Islam, Monojkanti Roy (Mangal), Mustafizur
man, Md. Nurunnabi Shanto, Mamun Hembrom, Rifat Fatema,
Sakar Mustafa, Sakir Diwas and Tania Biswas.
can be said as a milestone in the sphere of
folkmusic and ethnomusicology. What ethnomusicology is, what are
doing ethnomusicology were disdussed. In
spite of doubts and debated the workshop was able to provide a clear
. Very bright and promishing group of
art in the workshop will determine the
trend of folkmusic research in Bangladesh in future.
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