Folder #21. Vocab - Islam2. Spread of Islam notes3. Islam culture and society4. Influence of Islam5. Article: Mad Dream …6. Map of Africa7. (nada !)8. Ch. 7 notes (Africa)9. Venn diagram (I have this!)10. Test Review (turn in tomorrow!)

Warm-up: MondayRead the information on the slip

of paper you received.

Summarize what it says on your warm-up sheet.

Warm-up: Tuesday

Write down 3 observations about this image.

Ch. 7: Early African Civilizations2000 B.C. – A.D. 1500How did trade and migration affect early African civilizations?

GeographyWhere is:

- Desert?- Rainforest

?- Savanna?

What was the first African kingdom we learned about?Ancient Egypt !

Kush 1000 B.C. – A.D. 150

In 750 B.C., Kush conquered Egypt, but then pushed back to original lands In 663 B.C.,

Traded iron products, ivory, gold, ebony, slaves

Lost power to Axum

Axum A.D. 100 - 1400Traded ivory,

frankincense, myrrh, slaves

AxumKing Ezana made Christianity the

official religion of Axum

http://www.sacred-destinations.com/ethiopia/lalibela-photos/slides/st-george-down-c-sacredsites.html

These were major civilizations in Eastern Africa.

In western Africa, several successful trade empires came about…

Ghana A.D. 400 - 1200Prospered because they had:

◦ Iron. What could be made from iron ore?- tools and weapons

◦Gold.

GhanaGold from West Africa was exchanged for

something the West Africans prized even more: salt.

What’s so special about salt?◦Salt was used as a flavoring◦a food preservative, ◦retaining body moisture.

TradeHow did these goods cross the desert

and reach the Mediterranean and beyond? ◦Nomadic peoples called Berbers used

camel caravans to transport goods

“Ship of the Desert”In about 300 AD, the Arabian camel

was brought to Africa and became the “ship of the desert.” The camel stores fat in its hump and water in its stomach, which allows it to travel up to ten days without fresh water—twice the distance of an ox or a horse. All of a sudden trade was much more dependable.

Camel CaravansDid they have overnight

delivery??Typical camel caravan:

◦100 camels, loaded with goods and supplies

◦3 mph◦40 to 60 days

Salt Tradehttp://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/

8394266.stm

Cultural DiffusionThe first people to make the trek

across the desert were the Berbers of North Africa, who brought their strict Islamic faith across the Sahara. The Berbers converted many of the merchants of West Africa to Islam.

Empires of Early Africahttp://player.discoveryeducation.

com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=25B6C88A-BE2A-4B19-9C2B-1C71AF9F0A4F&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Mali A.D. 1250 - 1450Ghana flourished for

several hundred years, but collapsed during the 1100s.

Mali rose up in its place

Built its wealth on the gold and salt trade

Timbuktu = important trade city

MaliMansa Musa was a rich and

powerful king of Mali (mansa means “king”)

He was a devout Muslim who encouraged the building of mosques and study of the Quran.

Songhai A.D. 1000 - 1600Took control of Timbuktu and

Jenne = gave them control of the trading empire

Societies in East Africa: Bantu migrations

Bantu – farming peoples who spoke dialects of the Bantu language

Near what river did the Bantu originate?

Bantu MigrationsWhy is iron important?

There is little or no evidence of ironworking in eastern and southern Africa before the arrival of the Bantu = suggests that the new technology was spread by the Bantu.

Cultural diffusion in East AfricaAs time passed, a mixed

African-Arabian culture formed called

Swahili◦From sahel, meaning “coast” in

Arabic = “people of the coast”◦Combined Bantu and Arabic

words◦Today is the national language

of Kenya and Tanzania

CultureMatrilineal – tracing lineage

through the mother rather than the father

Patrilineal- tracing lineage through the father

CultureWhat types of stories do you hear

as you grow up?

CultureGriot (gree-oh) – special class

of African storytellers

Storytellers preserved African history with their tales because there was no written language.

Journal #3You are the village Griot. You have

realized that you have no one to follow in your footsteps. You have decided to record the history of your village . You may create a story, a rap, a poem.

Use your notes! Talk with the people around you!

You will earn extra credit if you perform for the class.

Video Clip: Jenne Mosque

African Society and CultureLineage group – an extended

family unit that has combined into a larger community

(Extended family = parents, children, grandparents)

Basic building blocks of African society.

Members were expected to take care of eachother

Warm-up: Wednesday

1. What cultural traits spread to the West African kingdoms through trade?

2. How did the kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai become prosperous?