Flowers

the reproductive structures of plants

Can you remember the Seven Processes of Life?

M

R

S

N

E

R

G

MovementStems and leaves curve

round to face the light.

Light is needed by the leaves to make food.

Plants - Seven Processes of Plants - Seven Processes of LifeLife

Plants - Seven Processes of Life

ReproductionPlants reproduce either sexually or

asexually.

Plants - Seven Processes of Life

SensitivityStems curve to face the light.

Roots grow towards water.

Plants - Seven Processes of Life

NutritionPhotosynthesis - the process of turning the

sun’s energy, water and minerals into energy.

Plants - Seven Processes of Life

Excretion

Plant release oxygen. This is a waste product of photosynthesis.

Plants - Seven Processes of Life

Respiration

Plants take in Carbon dioxide (gas), They use this to make food.

Plants - Seven Processes of Life

Growth

Plant use the food made during photosynthesis to grow.

Classification

Kings prefer coke over flavored grape soda

And the answer is:

• Kingdom

• Phylum

• Class

• Order

• Family

• Genus

• species

Classification: 6 Kingdoms

AnimalsPlantsFungiProtistsEubacteriaArchaebacteria

Plant Characteristics

• They make their own food–Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll–Chlorophyll absorbs energy from

the sun–Plants use the energy to make

food - glucose (sugar)–Process is called Photosynthesis

Chloroplasts:

Plant Characteristics

• Plants Have a Cuticle

What is a Cuticle?

–A waxy layer that coats the surface of stems, leaves, and other plant parts exposed to the air.

–Keeps plants from drying out.

Plant Characteristics

• Plant Cells have Cell Walls

What is a Cell Wall

– a plant cell is surrounded by a rigid cell wall

– outside of the cell membrane

– helps support and protect the plant

Plant Characteristics

• Plants reproduce either asexually spores or sexually (pollen and egg)

How are Plants Classified?

• There are more than 260,000 species of plants.

• They can be divided into two groups:–Nonvascular Phylum

–Vascular Phylum

How are Plants Classified?

• Nonvascular Plants:– have no special tissue to transport

water and nutrients– depend on diffusion and osmosis to

move material from one part of the plant to another

– They have to be small: mosses, liverworts

Liverwort:

How are Plants Classified?

• Vascular Plants–Have tissues that deliver needed

materials throughout a plant - called vascular tissues.

–Can be almost any size.–Are divided into gymnosperms and

angiosperms

How are Plants Classified?

• Gymnosperms -- “naked seed” non-flowering plants

• Angiosperms -- flowering plants

Vascular Plants

• Have a xylem and phloem– Xylem

• Hard wall cells that transport water and minerals

• Flows Upward– From roots

• Die every year• Rings in a tree

trunk

Vascular Plants

• Phloem– Soft-walled cells that

transport organic nutrients

– Travels downward• Phloes downward!

– This tissue is living and permanent

– Primarily used for food transport

Flowers have 4 different parts

•Sepals•Petals•Stamens•Pistil

Pedicel

•The flower stem

Sepals

• Usually green; leaflike structures that protect the flower, as it forms

and emerges.

• Sometimes sepals are colorful

Calyx

• The group of sepals on a flower

Petals

• Located just inside the sepals

• Leaf-like and often very colorful

• Attract pollinators

Corolla

• The collection of petals on a flower

The reproductive parts

• Found at the center of the flower

Stamens

• Male reproductive parts of a flower• Arranged around the female parts

Anther

• Part of the stamen

• Produces and holds pollen

Filament

• Stalk that holds up the anther

Pistil

• The female part of the flower

Stigma

• Found at the end of the pistil

• Has a sticky surface to catch pollen

Style

• The neck of the pistil

Ovary

• Part of the pistil that contains the ovules

Ovule

• The part of the flower in which the eggs are produced and seeds develop

Complete flowers

• Have all 4 basic parts:• Sepals, petals, stamens and pistil

Incomplete flowers

• Flowers that are missing one of the four basic parts

Perfect Flowers

• Flowers that have both male and female parts

Imperfect flowers

• Flowers that lack one of the sex structures

(female part)

(makes eggs)

(sticky)

(male part)

(makes pollen)

stigma

style

ovary

anther

filament

pollen

•We know that plants produce flowers which have male and female organs. •We know that seeds are formed when pollen from the male organ fertilises the female organ.

•We can label the parts of a plant and flower.

Next: Monocots and Dicots