Key:

RNA Polymerase

Nucleus

Promoter Region

Nuclear pores

Cytoplasm

Ribosome

tRNA

Amino acids

Nucleus

Cell

Transcription

DNA code for 10 amino acids

T A C A A T G T C T C T T A A A C T C C A G T G C T A C A T

A T G T T A C A G A G A A T T T G A G G T C A C G A T G T A

Promoter region

RNA Polymerase

RNA Polymerase is unwinding the DNA strand

Starting codon

Coding region

T A C

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA

Coding region

G UA

RNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand

Coding region

Coding region

Termination sequence

Stop codon

Termination sequence

Stop codon

Termination sequence

Stop codon

A T T

RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases mRNA

mRNA strand

A U G U U A C A G A G A A U U U G A G G U C A C G A U G U A

Nuclear Pore

Nucleus

Cell

mRNA through nuclear pore

mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm

Translation

Cell cytoplasm

mRNA

Ribosome

mRNA

rRNA forms the ribosome

mRNA

Start Codon: AUG

mRNA binds to the ribosome

mRNA

AUG

U A C

U U A

A A U

tRNA-anti codon tRNA- amino acid

tRNA brings in the anti-codon

Met Leu

mRNA

AUG

U A C

U U A

A A U

Met Leu

mRNA

AUGU U A

A A U

C A G

G U C

Peptide bond

Amindo acids attach with a peptide bond

Met

LeuGln

mRNA

AUGU U A

A A U

C A G

G U CA G A

U C U

Met

Leu

Gln

Arg

mRNA

AUGU U AC A G

A G AU C U

Stop codon

A U C

Amino acids

Ribosome hits the stop codon and completes the protein

U A A U G C G G U C A C G A U

A U U

His

Gly

Met

Leu

GlnArg

lle

Cys

STOP

Asp

mRNA

AUGU U AC A G

A G A

U A A U G C G G U C A C G A U

His

Gly

Met

Leu

GlnArg

lle

Cys

STOP

Asp

Completed Protein

SUMMARY

Transcription:First, the RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA molecule. Second,

RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA. The, RNA Polymerase reads DNA and create the mRNA strand. Next, RnNA Polymerase this stop the stop codon and releases the mRNA. Last, mRNA leavs the nucleus and enter the cytoplasm.

Translation:First, rRNA formed the ribosome. Second, mRNA binds to the

ribosome. Next, tRNA brings in the anti-codon. Then, amino acids attach to tRNA and then bind with a peptide bond. Last, the ribosomes hit the stop codon and complete the protein.