Flags of the “Boot”

Cispadane Republic•Emblem on January 2, 1797•Arms on the next day•Adopted January 7,1797•Fifth arrow proposed on January 25, 1797 for Massa-Carrara•Real use after February 25, 1797

Cisalpine Republic•Cispadana and Transpadana merge•June 30, 1797•May 11, 1798

Napoleonic Italian Republic•Name taken after Cisalpine•1802•Followed constitutional change•Napoleon became president

Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy•Same area as Cisalpine Republic•1805•After Napoleon gained the title as Emperor of the French

Present Day Italian Flag•Green – hope, joy, and love•White – peace and honesty•Red – hardiness, bravery strength and valor•January 1, 1948